five-way valve

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of automobile parts, and relates to a five-way valve. The utility model, including valve main part, the valve main part has the plug, the import, the first export and the second export in, the import tail portion is connected with the relay flow channel, the plug is equipped with fixed nest and the valve core that can do reciprocating linear motion along the one end of approaching or moving away from the relay flow channel, be linked through the elastic connecting piece between the valve core and fixed nest, the valve core is made of magnetically conductive material, be equipped with the switching type electromagnetic structure for controlling the valve core to go up or reset on fixed nest. The utility model in the using process, through the combination of the multi -outlet structure and electromagnetic drive, can automatically switch to the second export when the first export failure, avoid system shutdown, promote fluid transmission continuity, ECU control solenoid and valve core linkage, real -time response pressure change, dynamic adjustment fluid flow and flow, adapt to complex working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of automotive parts technology and relates to a five-way valve. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional five-way valves often employ a single-channel or fixed-diversion structure. When the main outlet (such as the first outlet) becomes blocked, obstructed by foreign objects, or experiences abnormal pressure, they cannot automatically switch to the backup channel, leading to the paralysis of the entire fluid system. While some existing five-way valves feature multi-outlet designs, the switching process relies on manual operation or complex mechanical transmissions, resulting in slow response times and difficulty in achieving precise control. Furthermore, valves using electromagnetic drives suffer from problems such as valve core misalignment and sealing failure due to a lack of real-time position monitoring and a stable mechanical fit, failing to meet dynamic pressure regulation requirements. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a five-way valve capable of automatically switching channels, precisely controlling the valve core position, and adapting to complex operating conditions.

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, people have continuously explored and proposed various solutions. For example, a Chinese patent discloses a five-way shuttle valve [application number: 201020241290.6]. This five-way shuttle valve includes a valve body, a steel ball, and a plug. The valve body includes a first inlet and a second inlet, both of which are tubular. The first and second inlets are arranged in parallel and are fixedly connected by a tubular connecting part. The middle of the side of the connecting part has an output end that communicates with the pipe hole of the connecting part. The diameter of the pipe hole of the connecting part is larger than the diameter of the pipe hole and the inner hole of the second inlet, and the steel ball is located inside the pipe hole of the connecting part. The side of the first inlet has a mounting hole, and the plug is located inside the mounting hole. The plug has an inner hole that communicates with the pipe holes of the first inlet, the second inlet, and the connecting part. A sealing structure is provided between the plug and the first inlet. However, this solution still cannot automatically switch the flow channel, accurately control the valve core position, or adapt to complex working conditions during use, and has the defect of not being able to meet the dynamic pressure regulation requirements. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a five-way valve.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A five-way valve includes a valve body, which has a plug, an inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The inlet is connected to a relay flow channel at its tail. The plug has a fixed seat and a valve core that can reciprocate linearly along one end close to or away from the relay flow channel. The valve core and the fixed seat are connected by an elastic connector. The valve core is made of a magnetic material. The fixed seat has a switching electromagnetic structure for controlling the upward movement or reset of the valve core.

[0007] In the aforementioned five-way valve, the switching electromagnetic structure includes an annular electromagnetic coil disposed on a fixed mount, the annular electromagnetic coil being located directly above the valve core, and a monitoring and sensing component being provided on the top of the fixed mount.

[0008] In the aforementioned five-way valve, an embedded electromagnetic coil is provided in the fixed seat, and the embedded electromagnetic coil is positioned corresponding to the annular electromagnetic coil, with the embedded electromagnetic coil located directly above the valve core.

[0009] In the aforementioned five-way valve, the bottom of the fixed seat is provided with an alignment and anti-deviation component, which corresponds to the position of the valve core.

[0010] In the aforementioned five-way valve, the alignment and anti-deviation component includes an annular alignment ring disposed at the bottom of the fixed seat, and an annular alignment groove with a position corresponding to and shape matching the annular alignment ring is provided in the valve core.

[0011] In the aforementioned five-way valve, the monitoring and sensing component includes a Hall sensor disposed on the top of the fixed mount, and a permanent magnet is provided inside the valve core.

[0012] In the aforementioned five-way valve, the valve body has an annular protrusion, and the bottom of the permanent magnet abuts against the annular protrusion.

[0013] In the aforementioned five-way valve, the elastic connector includes a spring disposed between the valve core and the fixed seat. The fixed seat has a first mounting chamber, and the valve core has a second mounting chamber. One end of the spring is installed in the first mounting chamber, and the other end is installed in the second mounting chamber.

[0014] In the aforementioned five-way valve, a sealing ring is fitted onto the fixed insert, and the sealing ring is located between the fixed insert and the inner wall of the plug.

[0015] In the aforementioned five-way valve, a backup flow channel is formed between the plug and the second outlet. When the valve core moves upward, the backup flow channel, the relay flow channel, and the second outlet are connected.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. In use, this utility model combines a multi-outlet structure with electromagnetic drive. When the first outlet fails, it can automatically switch to the second outlet to avoid system downtime and improve fluid transmission continuity. The ECU controls the electromagnetic coil and valve core to respond to pressure changes in real time and dynamically adjust the fluid flow direction and flow rate to adapt to complex working conditions.

[0018] 2. The monitoring system composed of the Hall sensor and the permanent magnet in this utility model can provide real-time feedback on the valve core position, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the flow channel switching.

[0019] 3. The spring reset and the alignment and anti-deviation component in this utility model work together to achieve one-way shut-off and precise guidance of the valve core, preventing sealing failure caused by deviation.

[0020] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is the left view of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-section at point AA.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Valve body; 2. Plug; 3. Inlet; 4. First outlet; 5. Second outlet; 6. Relay flow channel; 7. Fixed seat; 8. Valve core; 9. Elastic connector; 9. Switching electromagnetic structure; 10. Annular electromagnetic coil; 11. Monitoring and sensing component; 12. Embedded electromagnetic coil; 13. Alignment and anti-deviation component; 14. Annular alignment ring; 15. Annular alignment groove; 16. Permanent magnet; 17. Annular protrusion; 18. Spring; 19. First mounting chamber; 20. Second mounting chamber; 21. Sealing ring; 22. Backup flow channel. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a five-way valve includes a valve body 1, which has a plug 2, an inlet 3, a first outlet 4, and a second outlet 5. The inlet 3 is connected to a relay flow channel 6 at its tail. The plug 2 is provided with a fixed seat 7 and a valve core 8 that can reciprocate linearly along one end close to or away from the relay flow channel 6. The valve core 8 is connected to the fixed seat 7 by an elastic connector 9. The valve core 8 is made of a magnetic material. The fixed seat 7 is provided with a switching electromagnetic structure 99 for controlling the upward movement or reset of the valve core 8.

[0027] In this embodiment, the valve body 1 includes a plug 2, an inlet 3, a first outlet 4, and a second outlet 5. The inlet 3 is connected to a relay flow channel 6 at its tail to form a backup fluid passage. A fixed insert 7 and a linearly movable valve core 8 are installed inside the plug 2. The two are connected by an elastic connector 9. The valve core 8 is made of magnetic material and can be driven by magnetic force. A switching electromagnetic structure 99 is installed on the fixed insert 7 to control the movement of the valve core 8. Under the elastic force of the spring 18, the valve core 8 initially blocks the backup flow channel 22. After the electromagnetic structure 99 is energized, it attracts the valve core to move upward, realizing the flow channel switching. The combination of multiple outlets and electromagnetic drive breaks through the single flow channel limitation of the traditional five-way valve, realizes automatic switching in case of failure, and ensures the reliability of system operation.

[0028] Combination Figure 1-3 As shown, the switching electromagnetic structure 99 includes an annular electromagnetic coil 10 disposed on a fixed mount 7. The annular electromagnetic coil 10 is located directly above the valve core 8. A monitoring and sensing component 11 is provided on the top of the fixed mount 7.

[0029] Specifically, the switching electromagnetic structure 99 includes a ring-shaped electromagnetic coil 10, which is located on the top of the fixed mount 7 and faces the valve core 8, and can generate a vertical magnetic field force. A monitoring and sensing component 11 is installed on the top of the fixed mount 7 for real-time monitoring of the valve core position. The ECU (Electronic Control Unit) sends a current signal to the ring-shaped electromagnetic coil 10, which generates a magnetic field that attracts the valve core 8 to move upward. The Hall sensor 16 senses the change in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 166 inside the valve core 8 and feeds back the position signal to the ECU. The dual-function design realizes the integration of electromagnetic drive and real-time monitoring, ensuring that the valve core movement is precise and controllable. Those skilled in the art should understand that the ECU (Electronic Control Unit) is prior art, and its internal structure and working principle are not the focus of this patent, so they will not be described in detail.

[0030] The fixed mounting base 7 is provided with an embedded electromagnetic coil 12, which corresponds to the position of the annular electromagnetic coil 10 and is located directly above the valve core 8.

[0031] In this embodiment, the annular electromagnetic coil 10 and the embedded electromagnetic coil 12 are energized simultaneously, and the superimposed magnetic field enhances the attraction to the valve core 8, ensuring reliable upward movement. The dual-coil structure improves the electromagnetic force strength and adapts to the stable driving of the valve core under high pressure.

[0032] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the fixed insert 7 is provided with an alignment anti-deviation component 13, which corresponds to the position of the valve core 8. The alignment anti-deviation component 13 includes an annular alignment ring 14 disposed at the bottom of the fixed insert 7, and an annular alignment groove 15 is provided in the valve core 8 that corresponds to the position of the annular alignment ring 14 and is matched in shape.

[0033] In this embodiment, when the valve core 8 moves, the annular alignment ring 14 is embedded in the annular alignment groove 15, which restricts the radial movement of the valve core, ensures its precise axial movement, prevents valve core misalignment from causing sealing failure, and improves the working stability of the valve.

[0034] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the monitoring and sensing component 11 includes a Hall sensor 16 disposed on the top of the fixed mount 7, a permanent magnet 166 disposed inside the valve core 8, and an annular protrusion 17 disposed inside the valve body 1, with the bottom of the permanent magnet 166 abutting against the annular protrusion 17.

[0035] In this embodiment, when the valve core 8 moves upward or resets, the relative position change between the permanent magnet 166 and the Hall sensor 16 generates an electrical signal; when reset, the bottom of the permanent magnet 166 abuts against the annular protrusion 17 to ensure that the initial position is fixed, thereby realizing non-contact precise monitoring and stable limiting of the valve core position.

[0036] Combination Figure 1-3 As shown, the elastic connector 9 includes a spring 18 disposed between the valve core 8 and the fixed seat 7. The fixed seat 7 has a first mounting chamber 19, and the valve core 8 has a second mounting chamber 20. One end of the spring 18 is installed in the first mounting chamber 19, and the other end is installed in the second mounting chamber 20.

[0037] In this embodiment, when the electromagnetic coil is de-energized, the spring 18 pushes the valve core 8 to reset; when energized, the spring is compressed to store energy, providing reset power, realizing the automatic reset and one-way shut-off functions of the valve core, simplifying the structure and improving reliability.

[0038] Combination Figure 1-3 As shown, a sealing ring 21 is fitted on the fixed insert 7, and the sealing ring 21 is located between the fixed insert 7 and the inner wall of the plug 2.

[0039] In this embodiment, the sealing ring 21 fits tightly against the inner wall of the plug 2 through an interference fit, blocking the fluid leakage path and enhancing the valve sealing performance. It is suitable for high-pressure and corrosive fluid environments.

[0040] Combination Figure 3 As shown, a backup flow channel 22 is formed between the plug 2 and the second outlet 5. When the valve core 8 moves upward, the backup flow channel 22, the relay flow channel 6, and the second outlet 5 are connected.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the valve core 8 is moved upward by electromagnetic force, the backup flow channel 22 is opened, and the fluid is diverted to flow out from the second outlet 5, realizing intelligent switching of multiple outlets to meet emergency needs and dynamic pressure regulation.

[0042] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0043] Normal operation: When power is off, spring 18 pushes valve core 8 down, the bottom of permanent magnet 166 abuts against annular protrusion 17, closing backup flow channel 22, and fluid flows out from inlet 3 through first outlet 4;

[0044] Fault switching: When the ECU detects blockage or abnormal pressure at the first outlet 4, it immediately sends a current signal to the ring solenoid coil 10 and the embedded solenoid coil 12. The dual coils generate a superimposed magnetic field, which attracts the magnetic valve core 8 to move upward against the spring force, opening the backup flow channel 22. The fluid is diverted through the relay flow channel 6 and the backup flow channel 22 to flow out from the second outlet 5, realizing emergency switching.

[0045] Precise control: The permanent magnet 166 inside the valve core 8 moves with the valve core, and the Hall sensor 16 senses the changes in the magnetic field in real time and feeds back the position signal to the ECU. The ECU adjusts the current of the solenoid coil according to the signal to ensure precise positioning of the valve core;

[0046] Reset and Cut-off: After the fault is cleared, the ECU reverses the power supply to the solenoid coil to change the direction of the magnetic field. The spring 18 assists the valve core 8 to quickly reset, closes the backup flow channel 22, and restores the flow of the first outlet 4. When the power is off, the spring will keep the valve core in the reset state by default, realizing one-way cut-off and preventing fluid backflow.

[0047] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model.

[0048] Although this document frequently uses terms such as valve body 1, plug 2, inlet 3, first outlet 4, second outlet 5, relay flow channel 6, fixed seat 7, valve core 8, elastic connector 9, switching electromagnetic structure 99, annular electromagnetic coil 10, monitoring and sensing component 11, embedded electromagnetic coil 12, alignment and anti-deviation component 13, annular alignment ring 14, annular alignment groove 15, permanent magnet 166, annular protrusion 17, spring 18, first mounting chamber 19, second mounting chamber 20, sealing ring 21, and spare flow channel 22, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of this utility model; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of this utility model.

Claims

1. A five-way valve, comprising a valve body (1), wherein the valve body (1) has a plug (2), an inlet (3), a first outlet (4), and a second outlet (5), characterized in that, The inlet (3) is connected to a relay channel (6) at its tail end. The plug (2) is provided with a fixed seat (7) and a valve core (8) that can reciprocate linearly along one end close to or away from the relay channel (6). The valve core (8) and the fixed seat (7) are connected by an elastic connector (9). The valve core (8) is made of magnetic material. The fixed seat (7) is provided with a switching electromagnetic structure (99) for controlling the upward movement or reset of the valve core (8).

2. The five-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching electromagnetic structure (99) includes an annular electromagnetic coil (10) disposed on a fixed mount (7), the annular electromagnetic coil (10) being located directly above the valve core (8), and a monitoring sensing component (11) being provided on the top of the fixed mount (7).

3. The five-way valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed mounting base (7) is provided with an embedded electromagnetic coil (12), which corresponds to the position of the annular electromagnetic coil (10) and is located directly above the valve core (8).

4. The five-way valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the fixed insert (7) is provided with an alignment anti-deviation component (13), which corresponds to the position of the valve core (8).

5. The five-way valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The alignment and anti-deviation component (13) includes an annular alignment ring (14) disposed at the bottom of the fixed insert (7), and an annular alignment groove (15) is provided in the valve core (8) that corresponds to the position of the annular alignment ring (14) and is matched in shape.

6. The five-way valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The monitoring and sensing component (11) includes a Hall sensor (16) disposed on the top of the fixed mount (7), and a permanent magnet (166) is provided inside the valve core (8).

7. The five-way valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, The valve body (1) has an annular protrusion (17) inside, and the bottom of the permanent magnet (166) abuts against the annular protrusion (17).

8. The five-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic connector (9) includes a spring (18) disposed between the valve core (8) and the fixed seat (7). The fixed seat (7) has a first mounting chamber (19), and the valve core (8) has a second mounting chamber (20). One end of the spring (18) is installed in the first mounting chamber (19), and the other end is installed in the second mounting chamber (20).

9. The five-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring (21) is fitted on the fixed insert (7), and the sealing ring (21) is located between the fixed insert (7) and the inner wall of the plug (2).

10. The five-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, A backup flow channel (22) is formed between the plug (2) and the second outlet (5). When the valve core (8) moves upward, the backup flow channel (22), the relay flow channel (6), and the second outlet (5) are connected.

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