An air preheater ash cleaner

Abstract

This utility model discloses an air preheater ash remover, comprising: a flexible ash removal unit, a rotating shaft, and a rotating shaft moving device. The flexible ash removal unit is mounted on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the rotating shaft moving device. The air preheater ash removal equipment uses a flexible ash removal unit to remove accumulated ash from the tube gaps of the air preheater. The flexible ash removal unit is in a free state, and ash does not easily adhere to its surface. Furthermore, due to its rotation and small contact area, ash adhering to the surface easily falls off, thus achieving continuous ash removal and maintaining the unobstructed vertical channels between the heat exchange tubes of the air preheater. Additionally, the surface of the flexible ash removal unit can be fitted with auxiliary parts or features that enhance grinding capabilities, further improving the ash removal effect of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ash removal equipment technology, and in particular to an air preheater ash remover. Background Technology

[0002] The existing air preheater contact mechanical cleaning device still has the following problems in actual operation:

[0003] In the air preheater contact mechanical cleaning device, the cleaning elements, such as combs or scrapers, reciprocate between the tube gaps of the air preheater, using their rigidity to squeeze and peel off the accumulated ash covering the heat exchange tubes. The ash is continuously pushed towards the tube sheets at both ends of the air preheater, causing it to accumulate. Because the accumulated ash cannot be pushed away, the cleaning stroke of the contact mechanical cleaning device gradually shortens, eventually preventing the equipment from performing cleaning operations. Furthermore, during the cleaning process, the combs or scrapers of the air preheater contact mechanical cleaning device may become stuck due to heat exchange tube displacement, thermal deformation, or other reasons, causing the cleaning device to stop and cease operation.

[0004] In the existing technology patent CN221076499U, the device further purges the ash accumulated between the air preheater tubes by adding a purging device. However, due to the limitations of the purging device, its airflow coverage is restricted by the complex structure of the tube bundle gaps, and there are still significant defects in actual operation: First, the penetrating power of the purging airflow between the dense tube bundles is insufficient, making it difficult to effectively blow the ash away from the air preheater tube gaps; second, continuous high-pressure purging will lead to increased tube bundle vibration, accelerate metal fatigue, and may cause cracking of the weld between the heat exchange tube and the tube sheet; third, when the purging device is used for highly viscous ash, the viscous ash has a stronger adhesion and is not easily removed by the purging airflow, resulting in a more limited ash removal effect. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides an air preheater ash cleaner to address the current technical issues.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] This utility model provides an air preheater soot remover, including: a flexible soot removal unit, a rotating shaft and a rotating shaft moving device, wherein the flexible soot removal unit is disposed on the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft is connected to the rotating shaft moving device.

[0008] Preferably, the flexible cleaning unit is a closed loop composed of a combination or a single element of chains, ropes, cords, or belts. The flexible cleaning unit is suspended on a rotating shaft and arranged between the heat exchange tubes. The vertical height of the highest and lowest points of the flexible cleaning unit is greater than the vertical height of the highest and lowest points of the heat exchange tube bundle of the air preheater.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating shaft cooperates with a track mounted on the air preheater, and the rotating shaft drives the flexible cleaning unit to rotate around the rotating shaft. The flexible cleaning unit is located between the vertical gaps of adjacent heat exchange tubes in the air preheater. The track can be installed separately on the air preheater, or a reinforced air preheater heat exchange tube can be used as the track.

[0010] Preferably, a rotary drive device is connected to the rotary shaft. The rotary drive device is a high-temperature resistant motor, a pneumatic motor, or a hydraulic motor. The rotary drive device drives the rotary shaft through a transmission mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating shaft moving device is used to adjust the relative position of the rotating shaft on the air preheater, and the rotating shaft moving device drives the rotating shaft and the flexible dust removal unit to move back and forth along the heat exchange tube axis.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating shaft moving device is connected to the rotating shaft through a push-pull rod passing through the boiler flue wall. The rotating shaft is located above the track, which is axially parallel to the heat exchange tube of the air preheater and is located on the upper side of the air preheater.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes a connecting bracket and a support shaft. The connecting bracket is connected to the rotating shaft and fixes the support shaft below the heat exchange tube of the air preheater. The support shaft moves synchronously with the upper rotating shaft through the connecting bracket.

[0014] Preferably, a rotating shaft moving device is installed above the air preheater, and the flexible dust removal unit is sleeved on the rotating shaft and the support shaft. The rotating shaft moving device simultaneously drives the two rotating shafts to move in opposite directions, and the rotating shaft and the support shaft drive the flexible dust removal unit to move.

[0015] Preferably, the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft moving device are located on the lower side of the air preheater. The rotating shaft moving device is connected to the rotating shaft below the air preheater via a push-pull rod. The rotating shaft is set on a track laid along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube. The rollers of the rotating shaft are conventional rollers or hanging rollers. The ends of the connecting brackets extending upward on both sides of the rotating shaft exceed the horizontal height of the heat exchange tube, and their top ends are fixed with support shafts to form a tensioning structure of the lower rotating shaft and the upper support shaft.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes: a self-cleaning device, which consists of at least one of a scraper blade, a track scraper blade, and a pneumatic purging system. The scraper blade is disposed on the circulation path of the flexible cleaning unit around the rotating shaft. The track scraper blade is mounted on the rotating shaft and moves with the rotating shaft. The pneumatic purging system includes multiple soot blowing nozzles. The soot blowing nozzles are connected to an air source from the outside of the boiler flue wall. The soot blowing nozzles are fixed on the rotating shaft and are respectively oriented towards the flexible cleaning unit and the track.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] The air preheater cleaning equipment employs flexible cleaning units (chains, ropes, belts, etc.) to remove accumulated ash from the tube gaps of the air preheater. These flexible cleaning units are in a free-flowing state, making it difficult for ash to adhere to their surfaces. Furthermore, due to their rotation and small contact area, any ash adhering to the surface easily falls off, thus achieving continuous cleaning and maintaining the unobstructed vertical channels between the heat exchange tubes of the air preheater. Additionally, auxiliary components or features enhancing the grinding function can be added to the flexible cleaning units, further improving the cleaning effect of the equipment.

[0019] The air preheater cleaning device uses a flexible cleaning unit, which has a high degree of freedom of deformation. When encountering the air preheater heat exchange tubes coming out of the line or thermal deformation, it can bend and deform to pass through this part without getting stuck.

[0020] Adding scraper blades and other devices to the air preheater cleaning equipment cleans the tracks and cleaning element surfaces of the accumulated ash, ensuring the cleaning efficiency and stability of the equipment during long-term operation.

[0021] The various drive devices of the air preheater cleaning equipment have multiple implementation methods. Different drive methods can adapt to different working conditions and environmental conditions, thus improving the applicability of the equipment in different scenarios.

[0022] The equipment supports installation on both the top and bottom sides, adapts to different air preheater structures, and improves the environmental adaptability and expandability of the dust removal equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The above-described aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the air preheater ash remover of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air preheater ash remover of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is another structural schematic diagram of the air preheater ash remover of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air preheater ash remover of Embodiment 4 of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air preheater ash remover of Embodiment 5 of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air preheater ash remover of Embodiment 6 of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 This is another structural schematic diagram of the air preheater ash remover of Embodiment 6 of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the air preheater ash remover of Embodiment 7 of this utility model.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] exist Figures 1-8 In the middle, there are: 1. Rotary shaft moving device; 2. Push-pull rod; 3. Rotary shaft; 4. Track; 5. Heat exchange tube; 6. Air preheater; 7. Soot removal unit; 8. Gear; 9. Rotary drive device; 10. Transmission rod; 11. Bevel gearbox; 12. Boiler flue wall; 13. High temperature resistant cylinder; 14. Crank rocker mechanism; 15. Support shaft; 16. Connecting bracket; 17. Soot removal trolley; 18. Soot scraper; 19. Track soot scraper; 20. Soot blowing nozzle; 21. Telescopic shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0035] This utility model provides an air preheater soot remover, which includes the following common features:

[0036] Flexible dust removal unit 7: A closed-loop structure component made of single or combined parts such as chains, ropes, cords, and belts, possessing a high degree of deformation freedom. Compared to the comb-tooth plate in existing technology (patent: CN216346334U), the closed-loop structure made of single or combined parts such as chains, ropes, cords, and belts deforms during the dust removal process. Installed on the rotating shaft 3, it inserts downwards or upwards between the tube gaps of the air preheater heat exchange tubes 5; through a combined rotational and horizontal movement, it scrapes and grinds the accumulated dust. After installation, the highest point of the flexible dust removal unit 7 is higher than the highest point of the air preheater heat exchange tube bundle, and the lowest point is lower than the lowest point of the heat exchange tube bundle, with an overall coverage area exceeding the vertical height range of the air preheater heat exchange tube bundle. Auxiliary parts or features that enhance the grinding function can be added to the flexible dust removal unit 7, such as protrusions on the chain, knots or wire brushes on the rope, and serrated plate chains.

[0037] Rotating shaft 3: As the supporting and driving component of the flexible cleaning unit 7, the rotating shaft 3 drives the flexible cleaning unit 7 to rotate cyclically around its own axis. At the same time, the rotating shaft 3 is connected to the rotating shaft moving device 1 and can reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 5.

[0038] Rotary shaft moving device 1: Used to adjust the relative position of the rotating shaft 3 on the air preheater 6, driving the rotating shaft 3 and the flexible dust removal unit 7 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 5. The driving method of the rotating shaft moving device 1 can be selected according to the actual working conditions, including but not limited to: motor-screw drive, cylinder drive, gear and rack drive, and stepper drive.

[0039] The air preheater soot remover includes a rotating shaft moving device 1, a rotating shaft 3, and a flexible soot removal unit 7. The push-pull rod 2 of the rotating shaft moving device 1 penetrates the boiler flue wall 12 and drives the rotating shaft 3 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tubes 5. The rotating shaft 3 drives the flexible soot removal unit 7 to rotate continuously, causing the flexible soot removal unit 7 to continuously scrape and grind the accumulated ash between the tubes. This composite motion mode effectively avoids the problem of ash accumulation at the tube sheet ends caused by traditional unidirectional scraping. Through the continuous circular path of the flexible soot removal unit 7, the adhering ash is continuously peeled off, significantly improving the removal efficiency of highly viscous deposits such as ammonium bisulfate and low-temperature bonded ash, and extending the effective operating cycle of the equipment. At the same time, the air preheater soot remover can adjust the horizontal moving speed and / or rotation frequency in real time, making corresponding adjustments according to different degrees of ash accumulation, thus reducing equipment energy consumption.

[0040] The air preheater soot remover achieves efficient cleaning of the heat exchange tubes 5 by means of the rotating shaft moving device 1 and the rotating shaft 3. The specific process is as follows:

[0041] 1. Adjustment of the position of rotating axis 3

[0042] Horizontal movement (along the axial direction of heat exchanger tube 5):

[0043] The rotating shaft moving device 1 is driven by a motor-gear rack or cylinder. The motor rotates and drives the gear to mesh with the rack fixed on the upper side of the air preheater 6; or the cylinder piston rod extends and retracts to push the rotating shaft 3, and the rotating shaft 3 moves back and forth above the air preheater 6 to cover the dust removal area of ​​the air preheater 6.

[0044] 2. Flexible dust removal unit 7 rotates and drives

[0045] Power input:

[0046] The driving methods for the rotating shaft 3 include: converting the horizontal motion of the rotating shaft into rotational motion for driving, or directly driving it through power input from a drive device, thereby realizing the self-rotation of the rotating shaft 3 around its axis. For example, a gear or sprocket is fixed on the rotating shaft, and a rack and chain are set along the moving path of the rotating shaft to mesh with it, so that the rotating shaft rotates while moving; the linear motion of the cylinder piston rod is converted into the circular motion of the rotating shaft 3 via a crankshaft, or the rotating shaft 3 is directly driven by a motor to rotate at high / low speed.

[0047] Flexible unit cyclic motion:

[0048] Multiple flexible cleaning units 7 are installed on the rotating shaft 3 at equal intervals according to the spacing of the heat exchange tubes 5 of the air preheater. When the rotating shaft 3 rotates, the flexible units are driven to rotate around the rotating shaft in a circular motion through friction or meshing teeth, so that they make continuous rotating motion between the heat exchange tubes 5.

[0049] 3. Multi-unit collaborative dust removal

[0050] Multiple flexible cleaning units 7 on the same rotating shaft 3 are evenly distributed according to the spacing of the air preheater heat exchange tubes 5, and can clean multiple groups of adjacent heat exchange tubes 5 at the same time. The coverage range dynamically expands as the rotating shaft 3 moves, realizing a highly efficient cleaning mode of "single-axis multi-unit, full-stroke coverage". Example 1

[0051] In addition to the aforementioned common features, this embodiment further includes the following features:

[0052] 4. Support shaft 15 stabilizes the dust removal path.

[0053] Vertical tension control:

[0054] The support shaft 15 maintains a fixed distance from the rotating shaft 3 via the connecting bracket 16, thus fixing their relative positions. The support shaft 15 moves synchronously with the rotating shaft 3. The support shaft 15 expands the flexible cleaning unit 7 to both sides, keeping its vertical portion basically vertical and forming a stable "rectangular cleaning trajectory." This ensures that the flexible unit is tightly attached to the surface of the two rows of heat exchange tubes 5, avoiding the attenuation of cleaning pressure due to flexible deformation.

[0055] Composite motion dust removal:

[0056] Under the combined action of the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 (circumferential power) and the horizontal movement of the rotating shaft 3 (axial power), the flexible dust removal unit 7 produces a dual effect of "scraping + grinding" on the ash accumulated between the heat exchange tubes 5.

[0057] During rotation, the protrusions, serrations, or knotted structures on the surface of the flexible unit continuously scrape away the accumulated dust adhering to the pipe wall.

[0058] During horizontal reciprocating movement, the flexible unit advances along the heat exchange tube 5 axially, gradually carrying away the peeled ash from the air preheater 6, thus preventing the ash from accumulating at the end of the tube sheet.

[0059] Preferably, the air preheater soot remover may also be equipped with the following auxiliary components:

[0060] Connecting bracket 16: Both ends are connected to the support shaft 15 and the rotating shaft 3 (or the moving end of the telescopic shaft 21) respectively, ensuring that the two move synchronously.

[0061] Support shaft 15: The support shaft forms a "two-point support" structure with the rotating shaft 3 (fixed by the connecting bracket 16), which opens the closed-loop structure of the flexible cleaning unit 7 and keeps it in a taut state. It restrains the swing of the flexible cleaning unit 7 and increases the shear force generated by the flexible cleaning unit 7 when it comes into contact with accumulated ash.

[0062] Track 4: The track provides a stable guide path for the horizontal reciprocating movement of the rotating shaft 3 (the main shaft that carries the flexible dust removal unit). It is usually set on the upper or lower side of the air preheater 6, and arranged parallel to the axis of the heat exchange tubes 5 of the air preheater 6. It can be made of profiles, linear slide rails, etc., or the heat exchange tubes 5 on the upper layer of the air preheater 6 can be used as track 4. Example 2

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, based on the above-mentioned common features or Embodiment 1, this embodiment further includes the following features:

[0064] The rotating shaft moving device 1 of the air preheater soot remover is placed on the outside of the boiler flue wall 12 (air preheater 6 shell). The rotating shaft moving device 1 is hinged to the rotating shaft 3 through the boiler flue wall 12 (air preheater 6 shell) via a push-pull rod 2 installed at the moving end. The rotating shaft 3 is placed above the track 4, which is axially parallel to the heat exchange tubes 5 of the air preheater 6 and laid on the upper side of the air preheater 6. The track 4 is similar to a rack and pinion, with equidistant grooves on its surface that mesh with gears 8 fixed on the rotating shaft 3. Multiple sets of flexible soot removal units 7 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 3. When the soot removal equipment is started, the rotating shaft moving device 1 drives the rotating shaft 3 and the flexible soot removal units 7 to reciprocate along the track 4 via the push-pull rod 2. Simultaneously, as the rotating shaft 3 moves, the teeth of the gear 8 continuously mesh with the slots on the track 4, causing the rotating shaft 3 to rotate. This drives the flexible cleaning unit 7 to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 3. As the rotating shaft 3 reciprocates along the track 4, the flexible cleaning unit 7 continuously rotates around the rotating shaft 3. When encountering accumulated ash, the continuously circulating flexible cleaning unit 7 continuously scrapes and grinds the accumulated ash between the pipe gaps, forming continuous cleaning pressure. This cleaning method can gradually remove the accumulated ash from the air preheater 6. For sticky ash, the cleaning pressure formed by this continuous scraping and grinding also has a good cleaning effect. Furthermore, due to the high degree of freedom of the flexible cleaning unit 7, sticky ash adhering to the surface of the flexible cleaning unit 7 can be easily removed by slight tapping. Example 3

[0065] like Figure 2-3 As shown, based on the above-mentioned common features or Embodiment 1, this embodiment further includes the following features:

[0066] To enhance the stability of the rotational motion of the flexible cleaning unit 7 driven by the rotating shaft 3, a rotary drive device 9 is added to the cleaning equipment. This device can adopt various high-temperature resistant drive forms and transmission mechanisms to adapt to the complex working conditions inside the boiler flue. The direct drive method transmits power directly to the rotating shaft 3 by installing a high-temperature resistant motor, pneumatic motor, or hydraulic motor on the inner side of the flue wall, driving the flexible cleaning unit 7 to rotate around the shaft, ensuring reliable drive in high-temperature environments.

[0067] When rotational power needs to be transmitted through a transmission mechanism, considering the sealing requirements under the positive pressure environment inside the flue, the power transmission opening (for transmission rod 10) and the opening of the push-pull rod 2 of the rotating shaft moving device 1 are usually set on the same plane to reduce the number and size of openings in the flue wall. For example, when using a crank-connecting rod mechanism, the cylinder can be installed inside or outside the flue. When installed on the outside, the crank-connecting rod is connected through transmission to convert the linear reciprocating motion of the piston into the intermittent rotation of the rotating shaft 3. When the piston thrust exceeds the rotational resistance torque, the crank drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate. The bevel gear or helical gear mechanism transmits the rotational motion of the drive source to the rotating shaft 3 through the meshing of gears on two intersecting or staggered shafts, realizing the power conversion of spatial angle. The worm gear mechanism uses the precise meshing of the worm helical teeth and the worm wheel tooth groove to transmit the rotational motion of the worm. The rotation of the vertical axis of the worm gear is converted into rotation, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 3 to operate stably. The double universal joint transmission structure forms a spatial transmission chain with the intermediate shaft through two universal joints, which are arranged at a 45° angle to achieve rotational power transmission in a 90° spatial right-angle layout. The pulley and transmission belt mechanism transmits power through vertically intersecting pulleys and tensioned transmission belts, using friction. It is necessary to ensure an appropriate preload to maintain stability. The flexible shaft transmission mechanism connects the drive source and the rotating shaft 3 through a 90° arc bend of a flexible metal flexible shaft to achieve power transmission under vertical axis deflection.

[0068] Thanks to the independent configuration of the rotary drive device 9, the horizontal reciprocating motion and rotary motion of the dust removal equipment can be controlled separately: when the equipment starts, the rotary shaft moving device 1 first drives the rotary shaft 3 and the flexible dust removal unit 7 to reciprocate along the track 4, initially locating the dust accumulation area. At this time, the rotary drive device 9 is not activated. When it reaches the area where dust is concentrated, the rotary drive device 9 is activated, driving the flexible dust removal unit 7 to rotate at high speed. Through continuous scraping and grinding, directional dust removal pressure is formed to specifically remove stubborn dust. This "movement positioning - fixed-point reinforcement" operation mode allows the rotary drive device 9 to work only when necessary, effectively reducing the overall energy consumption of the equipment, while improving the targeting and efficiency of the dust removal operation. Example 4

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, based on the above-mentioned common features or Embodiment 1, this embodiment further includes the following features:

[0070] In the air preheater cleaning equipment, the auxiliary component connecting bracket 16 is connected to the rotating shaft 3, and the support shaft 15 is fixed below the heat exchange tube 5 of the air preheater 6. The support shaft 15 moves synchronously with the upper rotating shaft 3 through the connecting bracket 16. Its function is to pass into the closed loop of the flexible cleaning unit 7 (such as a plate chain), restricting the movement path of the flexible unit between the two points "rotating shaft 3-support shaft 15", thereby forming a stable and taut rectangular trajectory. This design can effectively reduce the swing deformation of the flexible unit during movement and enhance the tangential component force acting on the accumulated ash during cleaning. The rotating shaft 3 is fixed on the cleaning trolley 17. The rollers on the cleaning trolley 17 cooperate with the roller track 4 arranged along the axis of the heat exchange tube 5 above the air preheater 6, so that the rotating shaft 3 can move back and forth along the track 4. Drive sprockets are arranged on the rotating shaft 3 at equal intervals according to the spacing of the heat exchange tubes 5, which are used to suspend the annular plate chain and drive it to rotate cyclically. The drive system consists of two parts: horizontal drive and rotary drive. The horizontal drive is achieved by a linear motor installed on the outside of the boiler flue wall 12. The moving end of the linear motor is connected to the push-pull rod 2. When the push-pull rod 2 passes through the flue wall, a sealing device is set to prevent flue gas leakage, thereby driving the ash cleaning trolley 17 to move along the track 4. The rotary drive relies on the high-temperature resistant cylinder 13 on the trolley. The cylinder piston rod converts the linear motion into the continuous rotation of the rotating shaft 3 through the crank rocker mechanism 14.

[0071] The design of the support shaft 15 is optimized to address the shortcomings of the flexible cleaning unit 7 when it hangs naturally: when the flexible unit is unsupported, it is prone to large bending deformation due to its flexibility during movement, resulting in only pressure that can be applied in one direction (upward or downward) during cleaning, which is insufficient for cutting sticky ash. The support shaft 15, as the lower support point, forms a two-point support with the upper rotating shaft 3, keeping the plate chain in a vertical tension state. This not only reduces the contact pressure attenuation caused by bending deformation and ensures that the plate chain fits tightly against the heat exchange tube 5, but also applies vertical scraping force and horizontal shearing force to the ash simultaneously during the combined process of plate chain rotation (circumferential movement) and trolley horizontal movement (axial movement), effectively peeling off highly sticky ash.

[0072] During equipment operation, in the initial state, the plate chain is fitted onto the rotating shaft 3, driving the sprocket and the lower support shaft 15, naturally falling into the gap between the heat exchange tubes 5 to form a closed loop of "upper sprocket - lower support shaft 15". The linear motor, high-temperature resistant cylinder 13, and push-pull rod 2 sealing device are all in a ready state. After the dust removal is started, the linear motor drives the push-pull rod 2 to move the dust removal trolley 17 back and forth along the axial track 4, covering the area of ​​multiple rows of heat exchange tubes 5. At the same time, the piston rod of the high-temperature resistant cylinder 13 extends and retracts, causing the rotating shaft 3 to rotate continuously through the crank rocker mechanism 14, driving the sprocket to drive the plate chain to rotate cyclically. In the compound motion, the plate chain, through the surface protrusions or serrated structure, continuously scrapes the dust accumulated in the gap between the heat exchange tubes 5 in the spiral trajectory formed by "rotation + horizontal movement". The support shaft 15 restricts the swing of the plate chain, causing it to generate additional shear force when contacting the dust, preventing the dust from accumulating at the end of the tube sheet, thereby gradually carrying the dust away from the air preheater 6. Example 5

[0073] like Figure 5 As shown, based on the above-mentioned common features or Embodiment 1, this embodiment further includes the following features:

[0074] In this embodiment, the air preheater cleaning equipment is adjusted to be installed under the air preheater 6. Its core structure continues the configuration of track 4, rotating shaft moving device 1, rotating shaft 3, flexible cleaning unit 7, connecting bracket 16 and support shaft 15. Adaptation to different preheater structures is achieved through position reconstruction. The rotating shaft moving device 1 adopts a linear motor and push-pull rod 2. The rotating shaft 3 consists of cleaning trolley 17 (including trolley bracket and roller assembly), rotating shaft 3 and rotating shaft 3 drive device. The flexible cleaning unit 7 is a plate chain.

[0075] During equipment installation, the linear motor is fixed to the outside of the boiler flue wall 12. Its moving end is connected to the rotating shaft 3 below the air preheater 6 via a push-pull rod 2. A sealing device is installed at the point where the push-pull rod 2 passes through the flue wall to prevent flue gas leakage. The rotating shaft 3 is mounted on a roller track 4 laid along the axial direction of the heat exchange tubes 5. The roller assembly of the ash cleaning trolley 17 can be designed as conventional rollers or hanging wheels (so that the trolley is suspended below the track 4) to ensure the stability of reciprocating movement along the track 4. The rotating shaft 3 is installed on the trolley, and drive sprockets are evenly arranged on the shaft according to the spacing of the heat exchange tubes 5. The ends of the connecting brackets 16 extending upward on both sides of the trolley exceed the horizontal height of the heat exchange tubes 5, and the top of the brackets is fixed to the support shaft 15. The support shaft 15 can be selectively configured with driven wheels that are perpendicularly aligned with the drive sprockets and evenly distributed, forming a tensioning structure of "lower drive sprocket - upper support shaft 15", so that the plate chain, as a flexible ash cleaning unit 7, is tensioned between the two, and the pre-tensioning force ensures operating efficiency. The high-temperature resistant cylinder 13 of the rotary drive device 9 is fixed on the trolley, and its piston rod is connected to the rotary shaft 3 through the crank rocker mechanism 14, which converts the reciprocating linear motion of the piston into the continuous rotation of the rotary shaft 3.

[0076] During operation, the linear motor and the high-temperature resistant cylinder 13 start synchronously. The former drives the cleaning trolley 17 to reciprocate along the axis of the heat exchange tube 5 via the push-pull rod 2, while the latter drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate via the crank-rocker mechanism 14, causing the drive sprocket to drive the plate chain to form a closed loop. In the combined motion of "rotating shaft 3 rotation" and "horizontal movement of the trolley", the plate chain continuously scrapes the ash accumulated in the gaps of the heat exchange tube 5. Its tension is maintained by the drive sprocket of the lower rotating shaft 3 and the upper support shaft 15, avoiding the attenuation of cleaning pressure due to flexibility slack. When the plate chain contacts the ash, the stable tension trajectory allows it to apply continuous scraping and grinding force. Combined with the propulsive action generated by the horizontal movement, it gradually carries the ash away from the preheater, effectively meeting the requirements for peeling off highly viscous ash. This solution, through the reverse design of the upper and lower positions, adapts to different preheater structures. At the same time, by utilizing the tensioning cooperation of the drive sprocket and the roller shaft, it ensures the stable operation of the flexible cleaning unit 7 under complex working conditions, improving the environmental adaptability and cleaning efficiency of the equipment. Example 6

[0077] like Figure 6-7 As shown, based on the above-mentioned common features or Embodiment 1, this embodiment further includes the following features:

[0078] To address the issues of reduced efficiency due to dust accumulation on the cleaning components and derailment caused by dust accumulation on track 4, multiple self-cleaning devices were added to ensure continuous and efficient operation of the equipment. For dust adhering to the surface of the flexible cleaning unit 7, a scraper 18 is installed along its circulation path around the rotating shaft 3. The position and angle of the scraper 18 are optimized to ensure continuous contact and scraping between the surface of the flexible unit (such as a chain or plate chain) and the scraper 18 as the unit rotates. This mechanical peeling removes the adhered dust, preventing dust accumulation on the surface of the flexible components from affecting the cleaning effect.

[0079] To address the issue of dust accumulation on the travel track 4 of the rotating shaft 3, a track scraper 19 is integrated into the dust removal trolley 17 or the rotating shaft 3. This track scraper 19 is made of wear-resistant material and is installed at the front end of the trolley or above the contact surface of the track 4. As the trolley moves, it scrapes away the accumulated dust on the surface of the track 4 in advance, preventing dust accumulation from causing the rollers to jam or derail, and ensuring the smooth reciprocating movement of the dust removal equipment along the track 4.

[0080] In addition, the equipment is also equipped with a pneumatic purging system. An air source is connected from the outside of the boiler flue wall 12. Multiple soot blowing nozzles 20 are fixed on the soot cleaning trolley 17. The nozzles are directed toward the flexible soot cleaning unit 7 and the track 4, respectively. The nozzles facing the flexible unit blow compressed air onto its surface and use the airflow impact force to peel off the fine ash that adheres to it. The nozzles facing the track 4 blow on the surface of the track 4 and the roller contact area to remove fly ash deposits and reduce mechanical wear.

[0081] These self-cleaning devices use a combination of mechanical scraping and pneumatic blowing to clean the dust accumulation on the surfaces of the flexible cleaning unit 7 and track 4 in real time, forming a maintenance mechanism for the equipment itself. This avoids the reduction in cleaning efficiency caused by dust adhesion or blockage of track 4, ensuring that the cleaning equipment can operate stably for a long time in high dust and high-viscosity dust environments, effectively extending the maintenance cycle of the equipment and improving the overall cleaning efficiency. Example 7

[0082] like Figure 8 As shown, based on the above-mentioned common features or Embodiment 1, this embodiment further includes the following features:

[0083] In this embodiment of the air preheater cleaning device, the components work together to achieve efficient cleaning. A rotating shaft moving device 1 is installed above the air preheater. The rotating shaft moving device 1 adopts a telescopic shaft 21 (which can be a motor with a threaded screw or a double-acting cylinder, etc.). The telescopic shaft 21 has two moving ends, and a rotating shaft 3 is installed on each of the two moving ends. The rotating shaft 3 connects to the support shaft 15 at the bottom of the air preheater via a connecting bracket 16. The flexible cleaning unit 7 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 3 and the support shaft 15 on both sides. The telescopic shaft 21 adjusts the relative position of the two rotating shafts 3 through the moving ends (the two rotating shafts 3 move towards or away from each other simultaneously). During the cleaning process, the support shaft 15 moves synchronously with the rotating shaft 3, spreading the flexible cleaning unit 7 to both sides to maintain a stable, approximately square shape. Furthermore, a track is installed on the air preheater, which cooperates with the rotating shaft to provide movement guidance for the rotating shaft. Furthermore, a rotation drive device is provided on the rotating shaft, which rotates the rotating shaft and drives the flexible dust removal unit to rotate.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An air preheater ash remover, characterized in that: include: A flexible dust removal unit, a rotating shaft, and a rotating shaft moving device are provided. The flexible dust removal unit is mounted on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the rotating shaft moving device.

2. The air preheater soot remover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible cleaning unit is a closed loop composed of chains, ropes, cables, belts or combinations thereof. The flexible cleaning unit is suspended on a rotating shaft and arranged between the heat exchange tubes. The vertical height of the highest and lowest points of the flexible cleaning unit is greater than the vertical height of the highest and lowest points of the multi-row tube bundle of the air preheater heat exchange tubes.

3. The air preheater soot remover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft cooperates with the track set on the air preheater, and the rotating shaft drives the flexible cleaning unit to rotate around the rotating shaft. The flexible cleaning unit is located between the vertical gaps of adjacent heat exchange tubes in the air preheater.

4. The air preheater soot remover according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotary drive device is connected to the rotary shaft. The rotary drive device is a high-temperature resistant motor, a pneumatic motor, or a hydraulic motor. The rotary drive device drives the rotary shaft through a transmission mechanism.

5. The air preheater soot remover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft moving device is used to adjust the relative position of the rotating shaft on the air preheater. The rotating shaft moving device drives the rotating shaft and the flexible dust removal unit to move back and forth along the heat exchange tube axis.

6. The air preheater soot remover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft moving device is connected to the rotating shaft through the boiler flue wall via a push-pull rod. The rotating shaft is set above the track, which is parallel to the axial direction of the air preheater heat exchange tube and is located on the upper side of the air preheater.

7. The air preheater soot remover according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting bracket and a support shaft. The connecting bracket is connected to the rotating shaft and fixes the support shaft below the heat exchange tube of the air preheater. The support shaft moves synchronously with the upper rotating shaft through the connecting bracket.

8. The air preheater soot remover according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rotating shaft moving device is installed above the air preheater. The flexible dust removal unit is sleeved on the rotating shaft and the support shaft. The rotating shaft moving device simultaneously drives the two rotating shafts to move in opposite directions. The rotating shaft and the support shaft drive the flexible dust removal unit to move.

9. The air preheater soot remover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft and rotating shaft moving device are located on the lower side of the air preheater. The rotating shaft moving device is connected to the rotating shaft below the air preheater via a push-pull rod. The rotating shaft is set on a track laid along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube. The rollers of the rotating shaft are conventional rollers or hanging rollers. The ends of the connecting brackets extending upward on both sides of the rotating shaft exceed the horizontal height of the heat exchange tube, and their top ends are fixed with support shafts to form a tensioning structure of the lower rotating shaft and the upper support shaft.

10. The air preheater soot remover according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The self-cleaning device comprises at least one of a scraper blade, a track scraper blade, and a pneumatic purging system. The scraper blade is arranged on the circulation path of the flexible cleaning unit around the rotating shaft. The track scraper blade is mounted on the rotating shaft and moves with the rotating shaft. The pneumatic purging system includes multiple soot blowing nozzles. The soot blowing nozzles are connected to an air source from the outside of the boiler flue wall. The soot blowing nozzles are fixed on the rotating shaft and face the flexible cleaning unit and the track, respectively.

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