A vibration calibration device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of vibration calibration technology, specifically to a vibration calibration device. The vibration calibration device includes: a vibration mechanism comprising: a base with a cavity along its width at its lower part, and a vibration table fixed to its end face; a sliding platform electrically slidably connected to the vibration table; a marker plate fixed to the sliding platform; an auxiliary positioning mechanism perpendicular to the vibration table, with an image acquisition mechanism snapped onto it; the device includes: a multi-stage slide rail; a fixing block detachably connected to the telescopic end of the multi-stage slide rail; and a base movably snapped onto the upper part of the fixing block. Linear lasers are respectively provided on the front and sides of the base. By irradiating the marker plate with linear laser beams and aligning them with the edges of the marker plate, the image acquisition mechanism and the marker plate are aligned for image capture and calibration. This application aims to provide a device for calibrating the camera and marker image capture during the preparation stage of vibration calibration experiments, thereby further improving the reliability and accuracy of subsequent vibration measurement data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vibration calibration technology, and specifically to a vibration calibration device. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy-haul electric locomotives are a crucial component of modern railway transportation. During operation, vibrations can lead to component fatigue, damage, increased maintenance difficulty, and even significantly higher safety costs. Therefore, vibration measurement plays a vital role in evaluating locomotive performance. Traditional vibration measurement methods often employ contact sensors. While simple and flexible, this approach suffers from low accuracy and cannot adapt to the nonlinear vibration characteristics and interference encountered in complex testing environments. Non-contact vibration measurement technologies based on machine vision and laser Doppler principles are gradually emerging. By utilizing high-speed cameras to acquire sequential images of the vibrating target and combining them with precise image processing algorithms, high-precision displacement measurement can be achieved. Laser Doppler velocimetry systems, on the other hand, combine high speed and high sensitivity, using optical frequency shifting to dynamically monitor vibration parameters. This significantly improves the accuracy and real-time performance of vibration measurements and has demonstrated excellent stability and applicability in laboratory verification.

[0003] Existing technology CN201610918006.6 discloses a low-frequency vibration calibration device based on machine vision, which includes: a vibration table for providing excitation signals for low-frequency vibration calibration; a calibration plate for calibrating the vision device in the imaging and image acquisition equipment; an illumination device for providing illumination to the imaging and image acquisition equipment when necessary; an imaging and image acquisition device for capturing and acquiring real-time images of the movement sequence of the vibration table surface for low-frequency vibration calibration; an image transmission device for transmitting the low-frequency vibration sequence images acquired by the imaging and image acquisition device in real-time; and an image processing and display device for processing the acquired vibration sequence images, displaying the stored data and waveforms of the measured low-frequency vibrations, and outputting the calibration results. This device only requires adjusting the installation height of the camera and the focal length of the lens in the vision device to obtain a suitable calibration field of view at different calibration frequencies, thereby achieving low-frequency vibration calibration.

[0004] However, when applying machine vision-based vibration measurement methods, the initial installation position and angle of the camera directly affect the accuracy of subsequent vibration measurement results during the preparation stage. If the camera's optical axis is not perfectly perpendicular to the plane of the moving target, the angular error caused by the optical axis deviation will distort the motion trajectory in the acquired image, thus introducing errors in the vibration displacement calculation. To solve this problem, a device is needed to achieve camera-to-object shooting correction, thereby further improving the reliability and accuracy of vibration measurement data. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a device that enables camera and marker image correction during the preparation stage of vibration calibration experiments, thereby further improving the reliability and accuracy of subsequent vibration measurement data.

[0006] This utility model adopts the following technical solution: a vibration calibration device, comprising: a vibration mechanism for providing vibration calibration excitation signals, comprising: a base with a cavity opened in its lower part along its width direction, and a vibration table fixed on its end face; a vibration table with a sliding platform electrically slidably connected to it; a square-shaped marker plate fixed to the platform of the sliding platform, with feature markings printed on its surface for imaging and visual calibration; an auxiliary positioning mechanism located on one side of the vibration mechanism, perpendicular to the vibration table, and with an image acquisition mechanism snapped onto it; comprising: a multi-stage slide rail disposed in the cavity of the base and extending outward along the side wall of the cavity; a fixing block detachably connected to the telescopic end of the multi-stage slide rail; a base being movably snapped onto the upper part of the fixing block to achieve a detachable connection between the fixing block and the multi-stage slide rail; and line lasers respectively provided on the front and sides of the base, which irradiate the marker plate with linear lasers and align the edges of the marker plate to achieve the image acquisition mechanism and the marker plate for shooting correction.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the end of the multi-stage slide rail is hinged with a rotating wedge block, the wedge surface of which protrudes from the upper surface of the multi-stage slide rail, and a return torsion spring is provided at the hinge point between the rotating wedge block and the multi-stage slide rail.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the fixing block further includes: a strip groove, with strip grooves respectively provided on both sides of the upper surface of the fixing block; a connecting groove, with a connecting groove formed on one side surface of the fixing block in the depth direction, the connecting groove being adapted to the last stage slide rail of the multi-stage slide rail; a limiting groove, provided on both side walls of the fixing block, which communicates with the connecting groove, and a pressure block is elastically connected in the limiting groove; a rotating wedge is movably engaged in the limiting groove and abuts against the bottom of the pressure block; wherein, by pressing the pressure block from above, the rotating wedge is driven to disengage from the limiting groove, thereby realizing the detachable connection between the multi-stage slide rail and the fixing block.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the base further includes: a base plate, the bottom of which is provided with a protrusion that is adapted to and engages with the strip groove; a lifting rod, which is located in the middle of the base plate and has an adjusting seat fixedly connected to it; and an adjusting seat, the upper surface of which is used to engage the image acquisition mechanism, and guide plates are provided on both sides of its rear end, the guide plates being provided with arc-shaped guide grooves, the two sides of the adjusting seat being slidably connected to the guide grooves respectively, and being locked and fixed by bolts to realize the pitch angle adjustment of the adjusting seat.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the line lasers are respectively disposed on the front surface and the two front sides of the adjustment seat. The line laser located on the front surface of the adjustment seat is a first line laser, which emits horizontal horizontal strip laser; while the line lasers located on the two front sides of the adjustment seat are second line lasers, which emit vertical vertical strip laser.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, mounting grooves are provided on both sides of the adjustment seat corresponding to the second line laser, and the second line laser is extended and retracted in the mounting grooves in the horizontal direction.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, a receiving cavity is provided in the adjusting seat, and the receiving cavity is provided with: a threaded rod, one end of which extends towards the first line laser, and the other end horizontally penetrates the inner wall of the adjusting seat and is connected to a handle, and a gear is rotatably connected to the threaded rod; a rack, which is meshed with the gear above and below it in the vertical direction, and the second line laser is fixedly connected to the outer end of each rack; and a slide rail, which is provided on the bottom and top surfaces of the receiving cavity, corresponding to the rack, and the rack is slidably connected in the slide rail; wherein, by rotating the handle, the threaded rod drives the gear to rotate, and the gear meshes with the rack, thereby driving the second line laser located at the mounting groove to slide horizontally along the slide rail.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the image acquisition mechanism is used to capture and acquire motion sequence images of the feature markings of the signboard in real time for low-frequency vibration calibration. It includes a camera that is movably attached to the upper surface of the adjustment seat.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the vibration calibration device further includes an image processing mechanism, which is electrically connected to the image acquisition mechanism for vibration sequence image processing, realizing the storage and waveform display of low-frequency vibration data, and outputting calibration results.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The vibration calibration device provided by this utility model, through the coordinated operation of a vibration mechanism and an auxiliary positioning mechanism, ensures that the fixed block and the vibration table marker are aligned by setting multi-stage slide rails in the base cavity and utilizing their telescopic performance. The detachable connection between the rotating wedge block at the end of the slide rail and the pressure block prevents vibration transmission from affecting the image acquisition device. Furthermore, the auxiliary positioning mechanism, combined with the lifting and tilting angle adjustment structure of the base, allows for flexible adjustment of the optical axis direction, horizontal position, and height between the marker and the camera. With multiple line lasers and an H-shaped or flat-arched light calibration structure, precise alignment of the marker's centerline, edges, and outer contour is achieved, effectively eliminating the impact of camera angle errors on image acquisition. Simultaneously, to adapt to different marker widths, the threaded rod, gear and rack transmission, and slide guide structure within the adjusting base enable synchronous and movable adjustment of the second line laser in the horizontal direction, improving the device's compatibility and adaptability to different markers. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vibration calibration device of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the vibration mechanism;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the vibration calibration device of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the internal structure of the fixing block in this application;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the base of this application;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a partial internal structure diagram of the adjustment seat in this application;

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Vibration mechanism; 11. Base; 12. Vibration table; 13. Sliding platform; 14. Marker plate; 2. Auxiliary positioning mechanism; 21. Multi-stage slide rail; 211. Rotating wedge; 22. Fixing block; 221. Strip groove; 222. Connecting groove; 223. Limiting groove; 224. Pressure block; 23. Base; 231. Base plate; 232. Lifting rod; 233. Adjusting seat; 2331. Threaded rod; 2332. Gear; 2333. Rack; 2334. Slide rail; 234. Guide plate; 235. Mounting groove; 24. Line laser; 241. First line laser; 242. Second line laser; 3. Camera; 4. Image processing mechanism; Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] For a vibration calibration device of this utility model, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the vibration calibration device, through the coordinated operation of the vibration mechanism 1 and the auxiliary positioning mechanism 2, calibrates the camera 3 and the marker during the experimental preparation stage, thereby solving the angle error problem caused by the optical axis of the camera 3 deviating from the plane of the marker during subsequent experiments, and improving the accuracy and reliability of vibration measurement.

[0028] Specifically, the vibration mechanism 1 includes a base 11, a vibration table 12, and a sliding platform 13. A cavity is formed in the lower part of the base 11 along its width direction. By fixing the vibration table 12 to the end face of the base 11 and electrically sliding the sliding platform 13, the sliding platform 13 can slide on the vibration table 12. A marker is provided on the sliding platform 13. The marker plate 14 has a square structure and is printed with characteristic marks on its surface, which facilitates visual identification and coordinate calibration. In the structure of the auxiliary positioning mechanism 2, multi-stage slide rails 21 are arranged in the cavity of the base 11. Through the layout of the cavity along its width direction, when the slide rails slide out of the cavity, the expansion of the extension and contraction performance of the multi-stage slide rails 21 makes the adjustment range of the fixed block 22 more flexible and the adjustment distance controllable. Moreover, there is no need to consider the matching relationship between the image acquisition mechanism and the vibration table 12 in the horizontal position. The fixed block 22 can be accurately adjusted to the installation position directly opposite the marker of the vibration table 12, which is less likely to cause viewing angle deviation problems.

[0029] In addition, the fixed block 22 achieves a flexible and vibration-resistant working state through its detachable connection with the multi-stage slide rail 21; that is, when installing the image acquisition device, the fixed block 22 is disconnected by loosening the detachable connector and separated from the slide rail structure, thereby eliminating the mechanical vibration transmission between the multi-stage slide rail 21 and the vibration table 12, thus ensuring the stable operation of the image acquisition device. Specifically, the multi-stage slide rail 21 is hinged at its end with a rotating wedge 211, the wedge surface of which protrudes from the upper surface of the multi-stage slide rail 21 to engage with the fixed block 22. A return torsion spring is provided at the hinge between the rotating wedge 211 and the multi-stage slide rail 21 to quickly reset after the connection is released. A connecting groove 222 is formed on one side of the fixed block 22 along the depth direction, matching the last stage slide rail of the multi-stage slide rail 21, for sliding in and completing position correction. Limiting grooves 223 are provided in the two side walls, and pressure blocks 224 are elastically installed in the grooves. The pressure blocks 224 provide reliable limiting and fixing of the connecting parts through their elastic pre-tightening force. At the same time, the rotating wedge 211 is movably engaged in the limiting groove 223 and abuts against the bottom of the pressure block 224. Pressing the pressure block 224 from above can drive the rotating wedge 211 to disengage from the limiting groove 223, thereby realizing quick unlocking and detachable connection between the fixed block 22 and the multi-stage slide rail 21. By using the linkage unlocking mechanism of rotating wedge 211 and pressure block 224, the multi-stage slide rail 21 and fixed block 22 can be quickly separated. This not only meets the position and angle adjustment requirements of the image acquisition mechanism during installation, but also eliminates the influence of vibration table 12 transmitting vibration to fixed block 22 and image acquisition device through multi-stage slide rail 21. This significantly reduces errors caused by vibration interference and improves the stability and accuracy of image acquisition in vibration measurement.

[0030] Meanwhile, to ensure acquisition accuracy, line lasers 24 are located on the front and sides of the base 23. By projecting linear laser lines and aligning them with the edge of the marker plate 14, the camera 3 can be quickly centered and corrected, eliminating image distortion caused by angular deviations. Overall, with the telescopic performance of the multi-stage slide rail 21 as the core adjustment mechanism, combined with the detachable design of the fixing block 22 and the line laser calibration method, the accuracy and consistency of vibration measurement data are significantly improved.

[0031] Furthermore, the base 23 also includes: a base plate 231, the bottom of which is provided with a protruding strip that is adapted to and engages with the strip groove 221; a lifting rod 232, located in the middle of the base plate 231, on which an adjusting seat 233 is fixedly connected; the adjusting seat 233, the upper surface of which is used to engage the image acquisition mechanism, and the rear sides of which are provided with guide plates 234, the guide plates 234 being provided with arc-shaped guide grooves, the two sides of the adjusting seat 233 being slidably connected to the guide grooves respectively, and being locked and fixed by bolts to realize the pitch angle adjustment of the adjusting seat 233.

[0032] Specifically, the bottom of the base plate 231 of the base 23 is provided with a protruding strip structure that matches and engages with the strip groove 221 on the fixing block 22. The lifting rod 232 is installed in the middle of the base plate 231, and the adjusting seat 233 is fixedly connected to its upper part. The rear sides of the adjusting seat 233 are provided with guide plates 234 for guiding the pitch angle adjustment. The guide plate 234 has an arc-shaped guide groove with an arc trajectory to limit the pitch adjustment range of the adjusting seat 233. The pitch angle of the adjusting seat 233 is controlled by the sliding connection between the two sides of the adjusting seat 233 and the arc-shaped guide groove. The stability after the angle adjustment is completed is ensured by locking the bolts, so that the adjusting seat 233 can be adjusted to further adjust the alignment of the strip laser emitted by the line laser 24. That is, the height of the image acquisition mechanism is adjusted by the lifting rod 232, and the pitch angle is adjusted by utilizing the structure of the arc-shaped guide groove and the bolt.

[0033] Furthermore, line lasers 24 are respectively disposed on the front surface and both sides of the front end of the adjustment base 233. The line laser 24 located on the front surface of the adjustment base 233 is the first line laser 241, which emits horizontal horizontal strip lasers; while the line lasers 24 located on both sides of the front end of the adjustment base 233 are the second line lasers 242, which emit vertical vertical strip lasers. Specifically, the strip lasers emitted by the first line laser 241 and the second line laser 242 can form an H-shaped calibration laser or an approximately flat arched calibration laser. Among them, the H-shaped calibration laser means that the first line laser 241 emits a horizontal horizontal strip laser aligned with the horizontal center line of the signboard 14, and the second line laser 242 emits a vertical vertical strip laser aligned with the two side edges of the signboard 14. The three lasers converge to form an "H-shaped" light structure, ensuring that the signboard 14 is located in the center of the field of view of the camera 3, and at the same time accurately calibrating its horizontal and vertical positions. The flat-arched calibration laser consists of a first line laser 241 emitting a horizontal strip laser aligned with the horizontal edge of the signboard 14, and two second line lasers 242 emitting vertical strip lasers aligned with the two vertical edges of the signboard 14, forming a flat-arched light structure to calibrate the positioning and orientation of the outer contour of the signboard 14.

[0034] Furthermore, a receiving cavity is provided within the adjusting seat 233, and the receiving cavity contains: a threaded rod 2331, one end of which extends towards the first linear laser 241, and the other end horizontally penetrates the inner wall of the adjusting seat 233 and is connected to a handle, and a gear 2332 is rotatably connected to the threaded rod 2331; a rack 2333, which is vertically connected to the gear 2332 above and below it, and a second linear laser 242 is fixedly attached to the outer end of each rack 2333; and slides 2334, located on the bottom and top surfaces of the receiving cavity, respectively corresponding to the racks 2333. The slide rail 2334 and the rack 2333 are slidably connected within the slide rail 2334. By rotating the handle, the threaded rod 2331 drives the gear 2332 to rotate. The gear 2332 meshes with the rack 2333, thereby driving the second line laser 242 located at the mounting groove 235 to slide horizontally along the slide rail 2334. That is, by utilizing the linear transmission characteristics of the threaded transmission and the gear 2332 and rack 2333, the position of the second line laser 242 in the horizontal direction can be adjusted, thereby effectively adapting to the width requirements of different signboards 14 or improving the alignment flexibility of the edge of the signboard 14.

[0035] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application, provided that they do not affect the effects and purposes that this application can produce.

[0036] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration calibration device, characterized in that, The vibration calibration device includes: Vibration mechanism (1), used to provide vibration calibration excitation signal, includes: The base (11) has a cavity in its lower part along its width direction, and a vibration table (12) is fixed on its end face; A vibration table (12) is electrically and slidably connected to a sliding platform (13); The signboard (14) is square and is fixed to the table surface of the sliding platform (13). Its surface is printed with feature markings for imaging and visual calibration. An auxiliary positioning mechanism (2) is located on one side of the vibration mechanism (1) and is set perpendicular to the vibration table (12). An image acquisition mechanism is snapped onto it. It includes: A multi-stage slide rail (21) is provided in the cavity of the base (11) and extends outward along the side wall of the cavity; The fixing block (22) is detachably connected to the telescopic end of the multi-stage slide rail (21); The base (23) is attached to the upper part of the fixed block (22) by a movable clip to realize the detachable connection between the fixed block (22) and the multi-level slide rail (21). The front and sides of the base (23) are respectively provided with line lasers (24). By irradiating the signboard (14) with line lasers and aligning the edge of the signboard (14), the image acquisition mechanism and the signboard (14) can be photographed and corrected.

2. The vibration calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the multi-stage slide rail (21) is hinged with a rotating wedge (211), the wedge surface of which protrudes from the upper surface of the multi-stage slide rail (21), and a return torsion spring is provided at the hinge point between the rotating wedge (211) and the multi-stage slide rail (21).

3. The vibration calibration device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing block (22) also includes: Strip grooves (221) are provided on both sides of the upper surface of the fixing block (22); A connecting groove (222) is provided on one side surface of the fixing block (22) in the depth direction, and the connecting groove (222) is adapted to the last stage slide rail of the multi-stage slide rail (21); A limiting groove (223) is provided on both sides of the fixing block (22), which is connected to the connecting groove (222). A pressure block (224) is elastically connected in the limiting groove (223); a rotating wedge (211) is movably engaged in the limiting groove (223) and abuts against the bottom of the pressure block (224); In this process, by pressing the upper part of the pressure block (224), the rotating wedge block (211) is driven to disengage from the limiting groove (223), so as to realize the detachable connection between the multi-stage slide rail (21) and the fixed block (22).

4. The vibration calibration device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base (23) also includes: The bottom plate (231) has a protruding strip at its bottom that is adapted to engage with the strip groove (221); A lifting rod (232) is located in the middle of the base plate (231), and an adjusting seat (233) is fixedly connected to it; An adjustment seat (233) is provided. The upper surface of the adjustment seat (233) is used to engage the image acquisition mechanism. Guide plates (234) are provided on both sides of its rear end. The guide plates (234) are provided with arc-shaped guide grooves. The two sides of the adjustment seat (233) are slidably connected to the guide grooves and locked with bolts to realize the pitch angle adjustment of the adjustment seat (233).

5. A vibration calibration device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The line lasers (24) are respectively disposed on the front surface and the two sides of the front end of the adjustment seat (233). The line laser (24) located on the front surface of the adjustment seat (233) is the first line laser (241), which emits horizontal horizontal strip laser; while the line lasers (24) located on the two sides of the front end of the adjustment seat (233) are the second line lasers (242), which emit vertical vertical strip laser.

6. A vibration calibration device according to claim 5, characterized in that, On both sides of the adjustment seat (233), there are mounting grooves (235) corresponding to the second line laser (242), and the second line laser (242) is extended and retracted in the mounting groove (235) in the horizontal direction.

7. A vibration calibration device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjusting seat (233) is provided with a receiving cavity, and the receiving cavity is provided with: A threaded rod (2331) has one end extending toward the first line laser (241) and the other end horizontally penetrating through the inner wall of the adjusting seat (233) and connected to a handle. A gear (2332) is rotatably connected to the threaded rod (2331). Racks (2333) are meshed with the gears (2332) in the vertical direction, located above and below the gears (2332), and the second line laser (242) is fixed to the outer end of each rack (2333). Slides (2334) are located on the bottom and top surfaces of the receiving cavity, and slides (2334) are respectively provided for the rack (2333). The rack (2333) is slidably connected in the slides (2334). By rotating the handle, the threaded rod (2331) drives the gear (2332) to rotate. The gear (2332) meshes with the rack (2333) to drive the second laser (242) located in the mounting groove (235) to slide horizontally along the slide (2334).

8. A vibration calibration device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The image acquisition mechanism is used to capture and acquire motion sequence images of the feature markings of the signboard (14) in real time for low-frequency vibration calibration. It includes a camera (3) which is movably attached to the upper surface of the adjustment seat (233).

9. A vibration calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration calibration device also includes an image processing mechanism (4), which is electrically connected to the image acquisition mechanism for vibration sequence image processing, to realize the storage and waveform display of low-frequency vibration data, and to output calibration results.

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