Exhaled breath collection device
By designing an exhaled air collection device and using carbon dioxide concentration to control branch switching, high-quality alveolar air collection and airway flushing were achieved under natural breathing conditions. This solved the problem of maintaining a high level of CO2 concentration in existing technologies and met the collection needs of different subjects.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING NATONG MEDICAL ROBOT TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
In existing exhaled air collection devices, the airway at the CO2 sensor location is difficult to flush with external air in a timely manner after exhalation, resulting in a high CO2 concentration, which affects the accuracy of valve switching and makes it difficult to achieve high-quality alveolar air collection.
Design an exhaled air collection device, including a main airway, a collection branch, an exhaust branch, an inhalation branch, a switch module, and a detection module. By detecting the carbon dioxide concentration, the switch module controls the switching of the branch to realize the expulsion of gas in the early stage of exhalation, the collection of alveolar gas, and the flushing of inhalation, thus establishing a complete respiratory pathway.
It achieves high-quality alveolar gas collection under natural breathing conditions, and the external air rapidly reduces the CO2 concentration in the main airway to prepare for the next exhalation, adapting to the collection needs of different subjects.
Smart Images
Figure CN224357624U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of exhaled air detection, and particularly relates to an exhaled air collecting device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Research shows that a human body exhaled air contains a large amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to physiological and pathological metabolic activities of the human body, and through collection, detection and analysis of the endogenous VOCs, disease screening and early identification can be achieved. In order to realize effective collection and reliable detection of the endogenous VOCs, real-time identification and interception of alveolar air at the end of exhalation are usually required.
[0003] In the related art, the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in exhaled air is taken as an effective index for identifying alveolar air, and a mainstream alveolar air collecting method or device usually adopts a CO2 sensor to monitor the CO2 concentration in exhaled air in real time, and when the alveolar air exhalation stage is identified, the alveolar air is guided to a gas storage device or a subsequent analysis device through valve control. However, the above alveolar air collecting method or device only considers the gas path design at the exhalation stage, so that after one blow, the gas path at the position of the CO2 sensor cannot be flushed with external air in time, and the CO2 concentration therein always remains at a high level, at which time it is difficult to accurately control the valve switching for gas path switching according to the CO2 concentration, in order to prepare for the next exhalation. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an exhaled air collecting device.
[0005] The present application provides an exhaled air collecting device, which comprises a main gas path, a gas collecting branch, an exhaust branch, an air intake branch, a switch module, a detection module and a control module.
[0006] The first end of the main gas path comprises a first interface, the second end of the main gas path comprises a second interface, a third interface and a fourth interface, the first interface is used for connecting a breathing interface, the second interface is connected with the gas collecting branch through the switch module, one end of the gas collecting branch away from the second interface is used for connecting a gas storage container, the third interface is connected with the exhaust branch through the switch module, and the fourth interface is connected with the air intake branch; the detection module is located between the first end and the second end, and is used for detecting the carbon dioxide concentration of the gas in the main gas path; the switch module and the detection module are electrically connected with the control module, and the control module is used for controlling the switch module to turn on or turn off the corresponding branch based on the carbon dioxide concentration.
[0007] Optionally, the switch module comprises a first switch gas path and a second switch gas path, a switch state of the first switch gas path is mutually exclusive with a switch state of the second switch gas path.
[0008] The first switch gas path comprises a first input interface, a first switch and a first output interface, the first input interface is connected with the second interface, the first output interface is connected with the gas collection branch, and the first switch is located between the first input interface and the first output interface.
[0009] The second switch gas path comprises a second input interface, a second switch and a second output interface, the second input interface is connected with the third interface, the second output interface is connected with the gas exhaust branch, and the second switch is located between the second input interface and the second output interface.
[0010] Optionally, the switch module comprises a valve sleeve, a valve body and a driving device.
[0011] The valve sleeve comprises a cylindrical hollow structure, the cylindrical hollow structure is used for accommodating the valve body; a first input interface, a second input interface, a first output interface and a second output interface are arranged in the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow structure, the first input interface and the first output interface are arranged opposite to each other, the second input interface and the second output interface are arranged opposite to each other, the first input interface and the second input interface are arranged in the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow structure, the first output interface and the second output interface are arranged in the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow structure, the first input interface is connected with the second interface, the first output interface is connected with the gas collection branch, the second input interface is connected with the third interface, and the second output interface is connected with the gas exhaust branch.
[0012] The valve body is cylindrical, the valve body comprises a first through hole and a second through hole, the first through hole and the second through hole are arranged in the axial direction of the valve body and extend in the radial direction of the valve body, an included angle between the extension direction of the first through hole and the extension direction of the second through hole is greater than a set angle threshold value; in the axial direction of the valve body, a distance between the center of the first through hole and the center of the second through hole is a first distance, a distance between the center of the first input interface and the center of the second input interface is a second distance, and a difference between the first distance and the second distance is less than or equal to a set distance threshold value.
[0013] The driving device is connected with the valve body, the driving device is electrically connected with the control module, and the driving device is used for driving the valve body to rotate to a corresponding position in response to a control instruction sent by the control module.
[0014] Optionally, an angle between an extension direction of the first through hole and an extension direction of the second through hole is equal to 90°.
[0015] Optionally, the exhaled gas collection device further comprises a power module; the power module is electrically connected with the control module, the detection module and the driving device respectively.
[0016] Optionally, the control module is configured to control the switch module to turn on the second interface and the gas collection branch and turn off the third interface and the gas exhaust branch based on the carbon dioxide concentration being greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold, and control the switch module to turn off the second interface and the gas collection branch and turn on the third interface and the gas exhaust branch based on the carbon dioxide concentration being less than or equal to a second concentration threshold; and the first concentration threshold is greater than the second concentration threshold.
[0017] Optionally, the control module is further configured to determine the first concentration threshold and the second concentration threshold based on a maximum value of carbon dioxide concentration within a set time length.
[0018] Optionally, the detection module comprises a photoelectric carbon dioxide sensor.
[0019] Optionally, the exhaled gas collection device further comprises a first one-way fluid switch, a second one-way fluid switch and a third one-way fluid switch.
[0020] The first one-way fluid switch is located on a side of the gas collection branch away from the second interface; the first one-way fluid switch is turned on in a direction in which the second interface points to the gas collection branch and is turned off in a direction in which the gas collection branch points to the second interface.
[0021] The second one-way fluid switch is located on a side of the gas exhaust branch away from the third interface; the second one-way fluid switch is turned on in a direction in which the third interface points to the gas exhaust branch and is turned off in a direction in which the gas exhaust branch points to the third interface.
[0022] The third one-way fluid switch is located on a side of the gas collection branch away from the fourth interface; the third one-way fluid switch is turned off in a direction in which the fourth interface points to the gas collection branch and is turned on in a direction in which the gas collection branch points to the fourth interface.
[0023] Optionally, the exhaled gas collection device further comprises a filter module.
[0024] The filter module is located between the breathing interface and the first interface and is configured to filter foreign matters in the exhaled gas.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided in the application has the following advantages:
[0026] The exhaled air collection device provided in this application includes: a main airway, a collection branch, an exhaust branch, an inhalation branch, a switch module, a detection module, and a control module. The main airway has a first end with a first interface and a second end with a second, third, and fourth interface. The first interface connects to a breathing interface, the second interface connects to the collection branch, and the end of the collection branch opposite to the second interface connects to a gas storage container. The third interface connects to the exhaust branch via the switch module, and the fourth interface connects to the inhalation branch via the switch module. The detection module is located between the first and second ends and is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the main airway. Both the switch module and the detection module are electrically connected to the control module. The control module controls the switch module to turn on or off the corresponding branch based on the carbon dioxide concentration. With this setup, the exhaled air collection device establishes a complete respiratory pathway between the subject and the external environment, allowing the subject to perform multiple inhalations and exhalations. Based on the carbon dioxide concentration in the exhaled air, the exhaled air is guided to the exhaust branch and expelled during the initial stage of exhalation, and then guided to the collection branch for collection during the alveolar phase. During the inhalation phase, external air enters the subject's mouth through the inhalation branch, the main airway, and the breathing interface, enabling the subject to complete high-quality alveolar air collection in a nearly natural and imperceptible breathing state. Simultaneously, external air enters the main airway, causing the carbon dioxide concentration in the main airway to decrease rapidly. The control module controls the switch module to switch the state of the corresponding branch, preparing for the next exhalation. Attached Figure Description
[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.
[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaled breath collection device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another exhaled breath collection device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another exhaled breath collection device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3A schematic structural view of the illustrated exhaled air collection device in the exhalation-early stage;
[0033] Figure 5 For Figure 3 A schematic structural view of the illustrated exhaled air collection device in the exhalation-alveolar air stage;
[0034] Figure 6 For Figure 3 A schematic structural view of the illustrated exhaled air collection device in the inhalation stage.
[0035] Wherein, 1, main gas path; 11, first interface; 12, second interface; 13, third interface; 14, fourth interface; 2, gas collection branch; 21, first one-way fluid switch; 3, exhaust branch; 31, second one-way fluid switch; 4, inhalation branch; 41, third one-way fluid switch; 5, detection module; 6, switch module; 61, first switch gas path; 62, second switch gas path; 63, valve sleeve; 64, valve body; 65, driving device; 7, control module; 8, breathing interface; 9, power module; 10, filter module; A1, first input interface; A2, first output interface; B1, second input interface; B2, second output interface; a, first through hole; b, second through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] In order to enable a more complete understanding of the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application, the scheme of the present application will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0037] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.
[0038] The exhaled air collection device provided by the embodiments of the present application will be exemplarily described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0039] In some embodiments, as Figures 1-3 As shown in any figure, the exhaled air collection device comprises: a main gas path 1, a gas collection branch 2, an exhaust branch 3, an inhalation branch 4, a switch module 6, a detection module 5 and a control module 7.
[0040] Wherein, the first end of the main gas path 1 comprises a first interface 11, and the second end of the main gas path 1 comprises a second interface 12, a third interface 13 and a fourth interface 14. Exemplarily, as Figure 1or 2, the main gas path 1 is an integrated structure, adopts a one-to-three form, and the first end and the second end are oppositely arranged. The first end is provided with a first interface 11, and the second end is provided with a second interface 12, a third interface 13, and a fourth interface 14. As shown in the example of Figure 3 the main gas path 1 is a split structure, including a one-to-three adapter structure.
[0041] The first interface 11 is used to connect the breathing interface 8. The subject exhales and inhales gas through the breathing interface 8. The breathing interface 8 includes a disposable mouthpiece or a disposable breathing mask capable of covering the mouth and nose, one person one change, to prevent cross infection.
[0042] The second interface 12 is connected to the gas collection branch 2 through the switch module. The end of the gas collection branch 2 away from the second interface 12 is used to connect a gas storage container. For example, the gas storage container includes but is not limited to a gas storage bag and a gas storage airbag, and also includes all types of gas storage containers known to those skilled in the art, which are not limited herein.
[0043] The third interface 13 is connected to the exhaust branch 3 through the switch module 6. The end of the exhaust branch 3 away from the switch module 6 is used for exhaust.
[0044] The fourth interface 14 is connected to the air intake branch 4. The end of the air intake branch 4 away from the fourth interface 14 is connected to the outside air. When the subject inhales, fresh air in the external environment enters the main gas path through the air intake branch 4 and enters the subject's mouth through the breathing interface 8.
[0045] The switch module 6 and the detection module 5 are electrically connected to the control module 7. As an example, the detection module 5 is electrically connected to the control module 7 in a serial port mode.
[0046] The detection module 5 is located between the first end and the second end of the main gas path 1. The detection module 5 is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration Ct in the main gas path 1 and send the carbon dioxide concentration Ct to the control module 7. The detection module 5 includes a CO2 sensor. In some embodiments, the detection module 5 includes a photoelectric CO2 sensor located outside the transparent main gas path to measure the carbon dioxide concentration Ct in the main gas path 1 in a non-contact manner in real time, and transmit the measured carbon dioxide concentration Ct to the control module 7.
[0047] The control module 7 is configured to control the switch module 6 to turn on or turn off the corresponding branch based on the received carbon dioxide concentration Ct. In the initial stage of exhalation, the control module 7 controls the switch module 6 to turn on the third interface 13 and the exhaust branch 3, so that the exhaled air is discharged through the exhaust branch 3. In the alveolar air exhalation stage, the control module 7 controls the switch module 6 to turn on the second interface 12 and the gas collection branch 2, so that the exhaled air (alveolar air) is collected through the gas collection branch 2. In some embodiments, the control module 7 comprises a microcontroller unit (MCU).
[0048] The alveolar air is collected by using the exhaled air collection device, and the specific process is as follows:
[0049] The subject exhales into the exhaled air collection device through the breathing interface 8. In the initial stage of exhalation, the control module 7 controls the switch module 6 to turn off the second interface 12 and the gas collection branch 2, and turn on the third interface 13 and the exhaust branch 3, so that the exhaled air is discharged through the exhaust branch 3.
[0050] The carbon dioxide concentration Ct gradually increases to a maximum carbon dioxide concentration (used to identify the alveolar air stage), and the control module 7 identifies the alveolar air stage according to the carbon dioxide concentration, and controls the switch module 6 to turn on the second interface 12 and the gas collection branch 2, and turn off the third interface 13 and the exhaust branch 3 in the alveolar air stage, so that the exhaled air is collected into the gas storage device through the gas collection branch 2.
[0051] After the subject finishes exhaling, the subject inhales through the collection device. Fresh air in the external environment enters the main gas path 1 through the inhalation branch 4 for the subject to inhale, and the fresh air flushes the main gas path 1, so that the carbon dioxide concentration in the main gas path 1 rapidly decreases. The control module 7 accurately switches the gas path according to the change of the carbon dioxide concentration, and controls the switch module 6 to turn off the second interface 12 and the gas collection branch 2, and turn on the third interface 13 and the exhaust branch 3, to prepare for the next exhalation.
[0052] The exhaled air collection device provided by the embodiments of the present application establishes a complete breathing path between the subject and the external environment, so that the subject can inhale and exhale multiple times, and according to the carbon dioxide concentration in the exhaled air, the exhaled air is guided to the exhaust branch 3 to be discharged in the initial stage of exhalation, the alveolar air at the end of the exhaled air is guided to the gas collection branch 2 to be collected and stored in the alveolar air stage, and in the inhalation stage, the external air enters the subject's mouth through the inhalation branch 4, the main gas path 1 and the breathing interface 8, so that the subject can complete high-quality alveolar air collection in a nearly natural and unperceived breathing state. At the same time, the external air enters the main gas path 1, so that the carbon dioxide concentration Ct in the main gas path 1 rapidly decreases, and the control module 7 controls the switch module 6 to switch the state of the corresponding branch, to prepare for the next exhalation.
[0053] The complete respiratory passage is established between the subject and the external environment, the subject can perform multiple inhalation and exhalation, according to the carbon dioxide concentration Ct in the exhaled gas, the exhaled gas is guided to the exhaust branch 3 in the initial stage of exhalation and is discharged, the exhaled gas is guided to the gas collection branch 2 in the alveolar gas stage and is collected, fresh air enters the subject's mouth through the inhalation branch 4 via the main gas path 1, the breathing interface 8, so that the subject can complete high-quality alveolar gas collection in a nearly natural and unperceived breathing state; at the same time, external air enters the main gas path 1 through the inhalation branch 4, so that the carbon dioxide concentration Ct in the main gas path 1 rapidly decreases, preparing for the next exhalation.
[0054] In some embodiments, the control module 7 is configured to control the switch module 6 to turn on the second interface 12 and the gas collection branch 2 and turn off the third interface 13 and the exhaust branch 3 based on the carbon dioxide concentration Ct being greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold T1, and control the switch module 6 to turn off the second interface 12 and the gas collection branch 2 and turn on the third interface 13 and the exhaust branch 3 based on the carbon dioxide concentration Ct being less than or equal to a second concentration threshold T2; wherein the first concentration threshold T1 is greater than the second concentration threshold T2.
[0055] In the embodiment, when the carbon dioxide concentration Ct is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold T1, it is determined that the stage is the alveolar gas stage, the control module 7 controls the switch module 6 to turn on the second interface 12 and the gas collection branch 2 and turn off the third interface 13 and the exhaust branch 3, and the exhaled gas enters the gas collection branch and is collected by the gas storage container. After one exhalation, the subject inhales, external environment air enters the main gas path 1 through the inhalation branch, the carbon dioxide concentration Ct in the main gas path 1 rapidly decreases, and when the carbon dioxide concentration Ct is less than or equal to the second concentration threshold T2, the control module 7 controls the switch module 6 to turn off the second interface 12 and the gas collection branch 2 and turn on the third interface 13 and the exhaust branch 3, preparing for the next exhalation. In the initial stage of the next exhalation, the carbon dioxide concentration Ct in the main gas path 1 gradually increases, but the carbon dioxide concentration Ct does not reach the first concentration threshold T1, the control module 7 does not switch the state of the switch module 6, that is, the second interface 12 and the gas collection branch 2 remain in the off state, and the third interface 13 and the exhaust branch 3 remain in the on state, and the exhaled gas is discharged through the exhaust branch 3.
[0056] In some embodiments, the control module 7 is further configured to determine the first concentration threshold T1 and the second concentration threshold T2 based on the maximum carbon dioxide concentration C t_max In some embodiments, the control module 7 is further configured to determine the first concentration threshold T1 and the second concentration threshold T2 based on the maximum carbon
[0057] In the embodiment, the first concentration threshold T1 and the second concentration threshold T2 are variable, and the value ranges of the first concentration threshold T1 and the second concentration threshold T2 are different for different subjects. The breathing training time is set from the start time of the self-collection process to a preset time, and the maximum carbon dioxide concentration Ct_max , the first concentration threshold T1 is equal to the maximum carbon dioxide concentration C t_max multiplied by the first coefficient K1, the second concentration threshold T2 is equal to the maximum carbon dioxide concentration C t_max multiplied by the second coefficient K2, K2
[0058] Exemplarily, the first 10s of the collection start is set as the breathing training time, the second interface 12 is kept off with the gas collection branch 2, and the third interface 13 is kept on with the exhaust branch 3, so as to detect the first maximum carbon dioxide concentration C t_max ; according to the maximum carbon dioxide concentration C t_max , the first coefficient K1 is equal to 80%, and the second coefficient K2 is equal to 60%, the first concentration threshold T1 and the second concentration threshold T2 are calculated.
[0059] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 , the switch module 6 includes a first switch gas path 61 and a second switch gas path 62, the switch state of the first switch gas path 61 and the switch state of the second switch gas path 62 are mutually exclusive, that is, the first switch gas path 61 is in the on state, and the second switch gas path 62 is in the off state, or the first switch gas path 61 is in the off state, and the second switch gas path 62 is in the on state.
[0060] The first switch gas path 61 includes a first input interface A1, a first switch and a first output interface A2, the first input interface A1 is connected with the second interface 12, the first output interface A2 is connected with the gas collection branch 2, and the first switch is located between the first input interface A1 and the first output interface A2.
[0061] The second switch gas path 62 includes a second input interface B1, a second switch and a second output interface B2, the second input interface B1 is connected with the third interface 13, the second output interface B2 is connected with the exhaust branch 3, and the second switch is located between the second input interface B1 and the second output interface B2.
[0062] The first switch and the second switch are both electrically connected with the control module 7, the on-off state of the first switch and the on-off state of the second switch are mutually exclusive, that is, the first switch is on and the second switch is off, or the first switch is off and the second switch is on. The first switch includes a solenoid valve or a rotary valve; the second switch includes a solenoid valve or a rotary valve, the types of the first switch and the second switch can be the same or different, which are not limited here.
[0063] Exemplarily, the first switch and the second switch are both rotary valves; in the initial stage of expiration, the first switch is located at the off position to shut off the second interface 12 and the gas collection branch 2, while the second switch is controlled to be located at the on position to turn on the third interface 13 and the gas exhaust branch 3; in the alveolar stage, the control module 7 controls the first switch to rotate to the on position to turn on the second interface 12 and the gas collection branch 2, while the second switch is controlled to rotate to the off position to shut off the third interface 13 and the gas exhaust branch 3 (as shown in FIG. 3) ; in the inspiration stage, the control module 7 controls the first switch to rotate to the off position to shut off the second interface 12 and the gas collection branch 2, while the second switch is controlled to rotate to the on position to turn on the third interface 13 and the gas exhaust branch 3. Figure 1
[0064] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 or 3, the switch module 6 comprises a valve sleeve 63, a valve body 64 and a driving device 65. Figure 2
[0065] The valve sleeve 63 comprises a cylindrical hollow structure for accommodating the valve body 64; at least one end of the cylindrical hollow structure is open in the axial direction for loading the valve body 64. The first input interface A1, the second input interface B1, the first output interface A2 and the second output interface B2 are arranged in the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow structure, the first input interface A1 and the second input interface B1 are arranged in the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow structure, the first output interface A2 and the second output interface B2 are arranged in the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow structure, the first input interface A1 is connected with the second interface 12, the first output interface A2 is connected with the gas collection branch 2, the second input interface B1 is connected with the third interface 13, and the second output interface B2 is connected with the gas exhaust branch 3.
[0066] The valve body 64 is cylindrical, and its radial dimension and axial dimension are equivalent to the cylindrical hollow structure in the valve sleeve 63, and the two can be closely nested and relatively rotated.
[0067] The valve body 64 comprises a first through hole a and a second through hole b, which are arranged along the axial direction of the valve body 64 and extend along the radial direction of the valve body 64. The angle between the extension directions of the first through hole a and the second through hole b is greater than a set angle threshold. In this way, the switching state of the first passage a and the switching state of the second passage b are mutually exclusive, and by controlling the rotation position of the valve body 64, the on-off state of the first passage a and the on-off state of the second passage b can be simultaneously adjusted. Specifically, the valve body 64 is rotated to a first position, so that the first through hole a is switched off with the first input interface A1 (or the first output interface A2), and the second through hole b is switched on with the second input interface B1 (or the second output interface B2); or the valve body 64 is rotated to a second position, so that the first through hole a is switched on with the first input interface A1 (or the first output interface A2), and the second through hole b is switched off with the second input interface B1 (or the second output interface B2). In some embodiments, the set angle threshold is greater than or equal to 45°, and the set angle threshold is less than or equal to 90°.
[0068] In the axial direction of the valve body 64, the distance between the center of the first through hole a and the center of the second through hole b is a first distance, and the distance between the center of the first input interface A1 and the center of the second input interface B1 is a second distance. The difference between the first distance and the second distance is less than or equal to a set distance threshold. In this way, when the first through hole a is switched on with the first input interface A1 (or the first output interface A2), the center of the first through hole a coincides with the center of the first input interface A1 (or the first output interface A2), and when the second through hole b is switched on with the second input interface B1 (or the second output interface B2), the center of the second through hole b coincides with the center of the second input interface B1 (or the second output interface B2), which is beneficial to improve the sealing performance of the gas circuit.
[0069] The output end of the driving device 65 is connected with the valve body 64. The driving device 65 is electrically connected with the control module 7, and is used to drive the valve body 64 to rotate to a corresponding position in response to a control instruction sent by the control module 7. Specifically, in the early stage of exhalation and the inhalation stage, the driving device 65 drives the valve body 64 to rotate to the first position, so that the first through hole a is switched off with the first input interface A1 (or the first output interface A2), and the second through hole b is switched on with the second input interface B1 (or the second output interface B2); in the alveolar air stage, the driving device 65 drives the valve body 64 to rotate to the second position, so that the first through hole a is switched on with the first input interface A1 (or the first output interface A2), and the second through hole b is switched off with the second input interface B1 (or the second output interface B2).
[0070] In some embodiments, as Figure 2As shown in Figure 3, the angle between the extension direction of the first through-hole a and the extension direction of the second through-hole b is equal to 90°. With this configuration, the switching states of the first passage a and the second passage b are absolutely mutually exclusive.
[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown in Figure 3, the drive device 65 includes a servo motor. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to one axial end of the valve body 64, and the rotation angle range of the servo motor output shaft is 0° to 90°.
[0072] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown in Figure 3, during the inhalation phase and the initial exhalation phase, the output shaft of the control servo is rotated to a 90° position, causing the first through-hole a to be closed to the first input interface A1 (or the first output interface A2), while the second through-hole b is connected to the second input interface B1 (or the second output interface B2); during the alveolar phase, the output shaft of the control servo is rotated to a 0° position, causing the first through-hole a to be connected to the first input interface A1 (or the first output interface A2), while the second through-hole b is closed to the second input interface B1 (or the second output interface B2).
[0073] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown in Figure 3, the exhaled breath collection device also includes a power module 9; the power module 9 is electrically connected to the control module 7, the detection module 5 and the drive device 65 respectively.
[0074] In this embodiment, the power supply module 9 is used to supply power to the control module 7, the detection module 5 and the drive device 65.
[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the exhaled breath collection device also includes: a first one-way fluid switch 21, a second one-way fluid switch 31 and a third one-way fluid switch 41.
[0076] The first one-way fluid switch 21 is located on the side of the gas extraction branch 2 away from the second interface 12. The first one-way fluid switch 21 is turned on in the direction from the second interface 12 to the gas extraction branch 2 and turned off in the direction from the gas extraction branch 2 to the second interface 12.
[0077] The second one-way fluid switch 31 is located on the side of the exhaust branch 3 away from the third interface 13. The second one-way fluid switch 31 is turned on in the direction from the third interface 13 to the exhaust branch 3 and turned off in the direction from the exhaust branch 3 to the third interface 13.
[0078] The third one-way fluid switch 41 is located on the side of the intake branch 4 away from the fourth interface 14. The third one-way fluid switch 41 is cut off in the direction from the fourth interface 14 to the intake branch 4, and is turned on in the direction from the intake branch 4 to the fourth interface 14.
[0079] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first one-way fluid switch 21 includes a first one-way valve, the second one-way fluid switch 31 includes a second one-way valve, and the third one-way fluid switch 41 includes a third one-way valve.
[0080] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the exhaled air collection device is used to collect alveolar air from exhaled air. The specific process is as follows:
[0081] During the initial 10 seconds of data acquisition, control module 7 controls the servo motor to rotate to a 90° position, turning off the first through-hole a and the first input interface A1 (or the first output interface A2), while turning on the second through-hole b and the second input interface B1 (or the second output interface B2), thus acquiring the maximum carbon dioxide concentration C during this period. t_max And based on the maximum carbon dioxide concentration C t_max Given that the first coefficient K1 equals 80% and the second coefficient K2 equals 60%, calculate the first concentration threshold T1 and the second concentration threshold T2.
[0082] In the initial stage of exhalation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the subject exhales gas through breathing interface 8 → main airway 1 → third interface 13 → second through hole b → exhaust branch 3. At this time, the carbon dioxide concentration Ct gradually increases, but does not reach the first concentration threshold T1. Since the subject is in the exhalation state, the air pressure inside the collection device is greater than the atmospheric pressure. The third one-way valve located at the end of the inhalation branch 4 is in the closed state, and air from the external environment cannot enter the collection device.
[0083] When the carbon dioxide concentration Ct reaches the first concentration threshold T1, i.e., the alveolar stage, such as Figure 5 As shown, the control module 7 controls the output shaft of the servo motor to rotate to the 0° position, so that the first through hole a is connected to the first input interface A1 (or the first output interface A2), while the second through hole b is closed to the second input interface B1 (or the second output interface B2), guiding the alveolar gas at the end of the exhalation to the gas collection branch 2 for storage until the breath is completely exhaled; since it is in the exhalation stage, the air pressure in the collection device is greater than the atmospheric pressure, and the third one-way valve located at the end of the inhalation branch 4 is in the closed state, so air from the external environment cannot enter the collection device.
[0084] After exhaling, the subject inhaled through the collection device, such as... Figure 6As shown, at this time, the air pressure inside the device is lower than atmospheric pressure. The first one-way valve at the end of the gas sampling branch 2 is in the closed state to prevent the backflow of the stored alveolar gas. At the same time, the third one-way valve at the end of the inhalation branch 4 is open, and fresh air enters the device. The carbon dioxide concentration Ct decreases rapidly. When Ct≤T2, the control module 7 controls the servo motor to rotate to the 90° position, that is, the first through hole a is closed and the second through hole b is open, further locking the alveolar gas. At this time, due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside, the second one-way valve at the end of the exhaust branch 3 is also in the closed state. Fresh air can only enter the device through the third one-way valve for the subject to inhale, ensuring the uniqueness of the inhalation air path, making it easier to provide the subject with uniform pure air as the inhalation air source, and reducing the interference of ambient air on alveolar gas.
[0085] Therefore, during the subject's repeated natural inhalation and exhalation, the collection device adaptively switches the on / off state of the first through-hole a and the second through-hole b, establishes a respiratory pathway, identifies and intercepts alveolar gas in the exhaled air, and achieves a certain amount of alveolar gas collection.
[0086] In some embodiments, such as Figures 2-6 As shown in any figure, the exhaled air collection device also includes a filter module 10; the filter module 10 is located between the breathing interface 8 and the first interface 11 and is used to filter foreign objects in the exhaled air.
[0087] This setup, by connecting a filter module 10 after the breathing interface 8, prevents droplets, bacteria, viruses, and other substances exhaled by the human body from entering the subsequent airway, thus preventing cross-infection.
[0088] In some embodiments, the filtration module 10 includes a disposable breathing filter, which is changed after each use to prevent cross-infection.
[0089] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0090] The foregoing detailed description of the application has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Various modifications and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. It is intended that the scope of the application should not be limited by the particular representative embodiments described above.
Claims
1. An exhaled breath collection device, characterized in that, include: Main gas circuit, gas intake branch circuit, exhaust branch circuit, intake branch circuit, switch module, detection module and control module; The main gas path includes a first interface at its first end and a second interface, a third interface, and a fourth interface at its second end. The first interface is used to connect to a breathing interface. The second interface is connected to the gas sampling branch via the switch module. The end of the gas sampling branch opposite to the second interface is used to connect to a gas storage container. The third interface is connected to the exhaust branch via the switch module, and the fourth interface is connected to the inhalation branch. The detection module is located between the first and second ends and is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the main gas path. Both the switch module and the detection module are electrically connected to the control module. The control module is used to control the switch module to turn on or off the corresponding branch based on the carbon dioxide concentration.
2. The exhaled breath collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes a first switching air path and a second switching air path, wherein the switching states of the first switching air path and the switching states of the second switching air path are mutually exclusive. The first switching gas circuit includes a first input interface, a first switch and a first output interface. The first input interface is connected to the second interface, the first output interface is connected to the gas sampling branch, and the first switch is located between the first input interface and the first output interface. The second switch air circuit includes a second input interface, a second switch, and a second output interface. The second input interface is connected to the third interface, the second output interface is connected to the exhaust branch, and the second switch is located between the second input interface and the second output interface.
3. The exhaled breath collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes a valve sleeve, a valve body, and a drive device; The valve sleeve includes a cylindrical hollow structure, which is used to accommodate the valve body; A first input interface, a second input interface, a first output interface, and a second output interface are provided along the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow structure. The first input interface and the first output interface are arranged opposite to each other, and the second input interface and the second output interface are arranged opposite to each other. The first input interface and the second input interface are arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow structure, and the first output interface and the second output interface are arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical hollow structure. The first input interface is connected to the second interface, the first output interface is connected to the gas sampling branch, the second input interface is connected to the third interface, and the second output interface is connected to the exhaust branch. The valve body is cylindrical and includes a first through hole and a second through hole. The first through hole and the second through hole are arranged along the axial direction of the valve body and extend radially along the valve body. The angle between the extension direction of the first through hole and the extension direction of the second through hole is greater than a set angle threshold. In the axial direction of the valve body, the distance between the center of the first through hole and the center of the second through hole is a first distance, and the distance between the center of the first input interface and the center of the second input interface is a second distance. The difference between the first distance and the second distance is less than or equal to a set distance threshold. The drive device is connected to the valve body and electrically connected to the control module. The drive device is used to drive the valve body to rotate to the corresponding position in response to the control command sent by the control module.
4. The exhaled breath collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The angle between the extension direction of the first through hole and the extension direction of the second through hole is equal to 90°.
5. The exhaled breath collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Power module; The power module is electrically connected to the control module, the detection module, and the drive device, respectively.
6. The exhaled breath collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module is used to control the switch module to connect the second interface to the gas sampling branch and disconnect the third interface from the exhaust branch based on the carbon dioxide concentration being greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold, and to control the switch module to disconnect the second interface from the gas sampling branch and connect the third interface to the exhaust branch based on the carbon dioxide concentration being less than or equal to a second concentration threshold; wherein the first concentration threshold is greater than the second concentration threshold.
7. The exhaled breath collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control module is also used to determine the first concentration threshold and the second concentration threshold based on the maximum carbon dioxide concentration within a set time period.
8. The exhaled breath collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection module includes a photoelectric carbon dioxide sensor.
9. The exhaled breath collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: First one-way fluid switch, second one-way fluid switch and third one-way fluid switch; The first one-way fluid switch is located on the side of the gas sampling branch away from the second interface. The first one-way fluid switch is turned on in the direction from the second interface to the gas intake branch and turned off in the direction from the gas sampling branch to the second interface. The second one-way fluid switch is located on the side of the exhaust branch away from the third interface. The second one-way fluid switch is turned on in the direction from the third interface to the exhaust branch and turned off in the direction from the exhaust branch to the third interface. The third one-way fluid switch is located on the side of the intake branch away from the fourth interface. The third one-way fluid switch is cut off in the direction from the fourth interface to the intake branch, and is turned on in the direction from the intake branch to the fourth interface.
10. The exhaled breath collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Filtering module; The filter module is located between the breathing interface and the first interface and is used to filter foreign objects in the exhaled air.