A groundwater dike system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of underground water middle plate flow guide systems, and flow guide system includes the catchment area of being arranged in the water side of underground structure, the runoff system being arranged on the middle plate of underground structure and the drainage system being arranged in the backwater side of underground structure;The bottom of catchment area is with the top of middle plate, top extends to ground, and catchment area is communicated with the shallow water-permeable layer of the water side of underground structure;Runoff system is composed of the water inlet pipeline being arranged on the side wall of the water side of underground structure, the flow guide groove being arranged on middle plate and the drainage pipeline being arranged on the side wall of the backwater side of underground structure;Drainage system is communicated with the shallow water-permeable layer of the backwater side of underground structure, and drainage system is composed of multiple gravel water outlet passage.The utility model has the advantages that: shallow groundwater can be realized runoff in underground space, greatly alleviate the problem of groundwater runoff disorder and high water due to engineering construction, reduce leakage and anti-floating problem caused thereby.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of underground structure diversion, and in particular to a groundwater plate diversion system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the development and construction of more and more underground projects, the groundwater seepage system and hydraulic connections of the proposed sites have been disrupted, causing turbulence in the groundwater flow field around the entire underground project. This can lead to minor leakage problems during the construction and operation phases, or even severe groundwater overflow and buoyancy issues, seriously affecting the safety of underground structures and personnel. According to engineering case studies, if groundwater problems caused by underground project construction are not addressed during the design and construction phases, and are only rectified and repaired after completion, it will result in a significant waste of human, material, and financial resources. Based on the patterns of groundwater collection, runoff, and discharge, and combined with the principle of "communicating vessels," groundwater diversion systems have been developed and applied. The development and application of groundwater diversion systems have greatly alleviated the engineering problems caused by groundwater backlog due to the interception of groundwater seepage channels, leading to leakage and even severe buoyancy issues in underground projects.

[0003] A typical groundwater diversion system consists of a catchment system on the water-facing side of an underground engineering project, a runoff system beneath the foundation slab, and a drainage system on the back side. When groundwater with a certain hydraulic gradient flows through an underground engineering project, the catchment system on the water-facing side collects the groundwater and continuously converges it downwards to the runoff channel system at the bottom. The runoff channel system at the bottom is responsible for transporting the groundwater collected by the catchment channel to the drainage system on the back side, and finally, the drainage system discharges the groundwater into the Quaternary soil layer and karst fissures on the back side.

[0004] Deeper underground engineering projects typically include multi-story underground commercial buildings and rail transit stations, with construction depths generally around 18-30 meters. Shallow, fractured karst water flow is significant, but its depth is usually not located at the bottom of the underground structure. Existing groundwater diversion systems first guide the upper-layer fractured water below the bottom slab, then allow it to flow through the slab and drain naturally on the opposite side. However, the problem lies in the fact that shallow groundwater, after flowing through the bottom slab, is limited by a small hydraulic gradient and potential energy loss, resulting in poor drainage on the back side. This creates a "water basin effect" in the entire underground structure, causing leakage and even buoyancy problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a groundwater bottom plate diversion system. This system consists of a water collection area on the water-facing side of the underground structure, a runoff system on the middle plate of the underground structure, and a drainage system on the back side of the underground structure. This system can directly divert shallow groundwater through the middle plate to the opposite side, solving the runoff problem of upper groundwater. It effectively avoids the natural infiltration difference and "water basin effect" problems caused by the loss of groundwater potential energy in existing bottom plate diversion systems. At the same time, it introduces groundwater runoff into the interior of underground space engineering, allowing people to clearly and intuitively experience the harmonious coexistence of engineering construction and hydrogeological environment.

[0006] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A groundwater drainage system includes a water collection area on the water-facing side of an underground structure, a runoff system on the middle slab of the underground structure, and a drainage system on the water-repellent side of the underground structure. The bottom of the water collection area is at the same height as the top of the middle slab, and the top extends to the ground surface. The water collection area is filled with gravel and is connected to a shallow permeable layer on the water-facing side of the underground structure. The runoff system is supplied by water intakes located on the sidewalls on the water-facing side of the underground structure. The system comprises a pipeline, a diversion channel on the middle plate, and a drainage pipe on the side wall on the back side of the underground structure. The inlet pipe is equipped with a one-way inlet gate valve. The inlet end of the inlet pipe is connected to the water collection area, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet end of the diversion channel. The drainage pipe is equipped with a one-way outlet gate valve. The drainage system is connected to the shallow permeable layer on the back side of the underground structure. The drainage system consists of multiple gravel outlet channels, which are inclined downwards.

[0008] The water collection and drainage area is set in close proximity to the retaining structure.

[0009] The top of the water collection area is covered with permeable paving.

[0010] The inlet end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the water collection area via a replaceable filter element.

[0011] The water inlet pipe consists of a first horizontal pipe, a vertical pipe, and a second horizontal pipe. The two ends of the vertical pipe are connected to the first horizontal pipe and the second horizontal pipe, respectively. The one-way water inlet gate valve is installed on the vertical pipe.

[0012] The flow channel includes an acrylic channel, a transparent tempered glass cover, and small-diameter pebbles. The small-diameter pebbles are filled in the acrylic channel, and the transparent tempered glass cover is installed on top of the acrylic channel.

[0013] The slope of the guide channel is 0.2%.

[0014] The advantages of this utility model are: it can realize the runoff of shallow groundwater in underground space, greatly alleviating the problems of groundwater runoff disturbance and backwater caused by engineering construction, reducing the resulting leakage and buoyancy problems. At the same time, it can be connected with the permeable pavement of the road surface, allowing rainwater or irrigation water to infiltrate or runoff to the opposite side of the station after filtration, which is a good "sponge city" measure. Introducing the groundwater runoff system into the station interior and combining it with the decoration of public areas can not only achieve a better decoration effect, but also attract passengers. At the same time, it can also popularize groundwater runoff and geological knowledge to the public, especially in areas with abundant springs, it can serve as an important measure for spring protection, display and popular science education. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the flow guiding system of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 When there is no AFC cable tray at the flow guide channel Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0017] Figure 3 When an AFC cable tray is installed at the flow guide channel Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the flow guiding system of this utility model;

[0019] like Figures 1-4 As shown in the figure, the markings represent:

[0020] 10. Water collection and catchment area; 20. Runoff system; 201. Inlet pipe; 2011. One-way inlet gate valve; 2012. Replaceable filter element; 202. Diversion channel; 2021. Acrylic channel; 2022. Transparent tempered glass cover; 2022. Drainage pipe; 203. One-way drainage gate valve; 2031. Drainage system; 30. Crushed stone water outlet channel; 40. Permeable pavement; 50. Subway station; 501. Medium slab; 501. Decorative surface layer; 5011. Floor tile; 5012. AFC cable trough; 5013. Side wall; 502. Drilled pile retaining structure; 60. Miscellaneous fill layer; 70. Shallow impermeable layer; 80. Shallow permeable layer; 90. Deep impermeable layer; 100. Deep permeable layer; 110.

[0021] The direction of water flow is a. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The features and other related features of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art:

[0023] Example: Figures 1-4As shown, this embodiment relates to a groundwater slab diversion system. The diversion system can be arranged in multiple sets along the longitudinal direction of the subway station 50. The diversion system mainly includes a water collection area 10 located on the water-facing side of the subway station 50, a runoff system 20 located on the central slab 501 of the subway station 50, and a drainage system 30 located on the back side of the subway station 50. The water collection area 10, the runoff system 20, and the drainage system 30 are connected in sequence. In this embodiment, the subway station 50 is a two-level underground subway station with a depth of 18~22m. The strata at the location of the subway station 50 are, from bottom to top, a miscellaneous fill layer 70, a shallow impermeable layer 80, a shallow permeable layer 90, a deep impermeable layer 100, and a deep permeable layer 110. The water collection area 10 is set close to the borehole pile retaining structure 60. The bottom of the water collection area 10 is at the same height as the top of the middle plate 501 and extends to the ground. The water collection area 10 is filled with gravel with an outer diameter of 2cm. The water collection area 10 is connected to the shallow permeable layer 90 on the water-facing side of the subway station 50. In this embodiment, the length of the water collection area 10 is 9~10m and the width is 3~4m. Of course, the size and shape of the water collection area 10 can be set according to the strength of groundwater runoff, the degree of development of karst fissures and the site ground conditions.

[0024] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the runoff system 20 consists of an inlet pipe 201 on the side wall 502 on the water-facing side of the subway station 50, a guide channel 202 on the middle plate 501, and a drain pipe 203 on the side wall 502 on the back side of the subway station 50. The inlet pipe 201 consists of a first horizontal pipe, a vertical pipe, and a second horizontal pipe. The two ends of the vertical pipe are connected to the first horizontal pipe and the second horizontal pipe, respectively. A one-way inlet gate valve 2011 is installed on the vertical pipe. The one-way inlet gate valve 2011 only allows water to flow from the inlet pipe 201 into the guide channel 202. The inlet end of the inlet pipe 201 is connected to the water collection area 10 through a replaceable filter element 2012, and the drain end is connected to the inlet end of the guide channel 202. The replaceable filter element 2012 is used to filter water and can be replaced. The slope of the diversion channel 202 is 0.2%, facilitating water flow from the diversion channel 202 into the drainage pipe 203. The diversion channel 202 includes an acrylic channel 2021, a transparent tempered glass cover 2022, and small-diameter pebbles. The small-diameter pebbles fill the acrylic channel 2021, and the transparent tempered glass cover 2022 is installed on top of the acrylic channel 2021, thereby achieving convenient maintenance and cleaning as well as visualization of runoff. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 2As shown, when the AFC cable trough 5013 is not installed at the flow channel 202, the flow channel 202 is open, that is, the acrylic channel 2021 is U-shaped, and the decorative surface layer 5011 and the floor tile 5012 are sequentially installed above the middle plate 501. The bottom of the acrylic channel 2021 is located below the top of the middle plate 501, and the top is flush with the top of the decorative surface layer 5011. The top and bottom of the transparent tempered glass cover plate 2022 are flush with the top and bottom of the floor tile 5012, respectively. Figure 3 As shown, when an AFC (Building Electrical Cable Tray System) trough 5013 is installed at the drainage channel 202, the drainage channel 202 is closed. That is, the acrylic channel 2021 is U-shaped. Above the middle plate 501, the decorative surface layer 5011, the AFC trough 5013, and the floor tile 5012 are arranged in sequence. The bottom of the acrylic channel 2021 is located below the top of the middle plate 501, and the top is flush with the top of the decorative surface layer 5011. The top and bottom of the transparent tempered glass cover 2022 are flush with the top and bottom of the floor tile 5012, respectively. A one-way drain valve 2031 is installed on the drainage pipe 203. The one-way drain valve 2031 only allows water to flow from the drainage pipe 203 into the drainage system 30.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the drainage system 30 is connected to the shallow permeable layer 90 on the back side of the subway station 50. The drainage system 30 consists of three gravel outlet channels 301. The gravel outlet channels 301 are inclined downwards, that is, the end of the gravel outlet channel 301 that is not connected to the drainage pipe 203 is located below the end of the gravel outlet channel 301 that is connected to the drainage pipe 203, so as to improve the drainage effect.

[0026] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 In the direction of water flow a, water in the shallow permeable layer 90 on the water-facing side of the subway station 50 flows sequentially through the water collection area 10, the runoff system 20, and the drainage system 30 into the shallow permeable layer 90 on the back side of the subway station 50, thus achieving the diversion of water in the shallow permeable layer 90. The diversion system, like "vascular reconstruction," smoothly diverts groundwater that originally flowed through the underground space to the opposite side via the central slab 501, minimizing the obstruction of groundwater runoff by the underground space. Furthermore, the top of the water collection area 10 is equipped with a permeable pavement 40. Rainwater or irrigation water flows sequentially through the permeable pavement 40 into the water collection area 10, the runoff system 20, and the drainage system 30, flowing into the shallow permeable layer 90 on the back side of the subway station 50, thus achieving the diversion of rainwater or irrigation water.

[0027] The beneficial technical effects of this embodiment are as follows: it enables the flow of shallow groundwater in underground space, greatly alleviating the problems of groundwater runoff disturbance and backwater caused by engineering construction, reducing the resulting leakage and buoyancy issues. Simultaneously, it can be connected with permeable pavement, allowing rainwater or irrigation water to infiltrate or flow to the opposite side of the station after filtration, making it a good "sponge city" measure. Introducing the groundwater runoff system into the station interior and integrating it with the public area decoration can achieve a better decorative effect and attract more passengers. It also helps to popularize groundwater runoff and geological knowledge, especially in areas rich in springs, serving as an important measure for spring conservation, display, and public education.

[0028] Although the above embodiments have described the concept and embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, and therefore will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A groundwater plate diversion system, characterized in that... The diversion system includes a water collection area on the water-facing side of the underground structure, a runoff system on the middle slab of the underground structure, and a drainage system on the back side of the underground structure. The bottom of the water collection area is at the same height as the top of the middle slab, and the top extends to the ground. The water collection area is filled with gravel and is connected to the shallow permeable layer on the water-facing side of the underground structure. The runoff system consists of an inlet pipe on the side wall on the water-facing side of the underground structure, a diversion channel on the middle slab, and a drainage pipe on the side wall on the back side of the underground structure. The inlet pipe is equipped with a one-way inlet gate valve. The inlet end of the inlet pipe is connected to the water collection area, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet end of the diversion channel. The drainage pipe is equipped with a one-way outlet gate valve. The drainage system is connected to the shallow permeable layer on the back side of the underground structure and consists of multiple gravel outlet channels, which are inclined downwards.

2. The groundwater plate diversion system as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The water collection and drainage area is set in close proximity to the retaining structure.

3. The groundwater plate diversion system as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The top of the water collection area is covered with permeable paving.

4. A groundwater slab diversion system as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The inlet end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the water collection area via a replaceable filter element.

5. A groundwater slab diversion system as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The water inlet pipe consists of a first horizontal pipe, a vertical pipe, and a second horizontal pipe. The two ends of the vertical pipe are connected to the first horizontal pipe and the second horizontal pipe, respectively. The one-way water inlet gate valve is installed on the vertical pipe.

6. A groundwater slab diversion system as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The flow channel includes an acrylic channel, a transparent tempered glass cover, and small-diameter pebbles. The small-diameter pebbles are filled in the acrylic channel, and the transparent tempered glass cover is installed on top of the acrylic channel.

7. A groundwater slab diversion system as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The slope of the guide channel is 0.2%.

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