Deburring and polishing apparatus

Abstract

This utility model provides a deburring and polishing device, including a rotating shaft forming an assembly part, a plurality of polishing rings arranged along the outer circumference of the rotating shaft, the plurality of polishing rings being stacked on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft; a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism being linked to the rotating shaft, driving the rotating shaft to rotate so that the polishing rings perform polishing, and / or driving the rotating shaft to rotate, being arranged at an angle with the workpiece to be polished, so that line contact and surface contact are formed between the polishing rings and the workpiece to be polished; among the plurality of polishing rings, at least two adjacent polishing rings form a clamping space. In this utility model, through the rotating shaft and the polishing rings, better line and surface contact can be formed, thereby improving the overall polishing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of deburring technology for curved surface products, and particularly to deburring and polishing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Deburring is an unavoidable step in all parts processing. Currently, various deburring processes on the market have vastly different working principles and operating methods for different parts. The abrasives discussed here use mature base materials (sandpaper, abrasive cloth) and have been modified and optimized to achieve efficient deburring on complex contour surfaces. This allows for the creation of multiple varieties and series of abrasive products, making them more suitable for industrial robot applications.

[0003] Typically, machined surfaces are flat. Taking cutting or drilling as an example, deburring can be easily and efficiently accomplished using flat abrasive belts or chamfering tools, which will not be elaborated upon here. However, with the increasing complexity of parts' contours, the formation of various intersecting lines poses a challenge to traditional deburring processes, and there seems to be no solution. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize the basic principles of grinding, adjust the abrasive tool structure, and use a proper combination of abrasive particles to complete the deburring of complex contour surfaces.

[0004] For example, the common flap wheel structure has a basic outline with a circle (cylinder) as its main working surface, which limits its ability to deal with complex contour surfaces. It can only deal with different contours by changing the size of the cylinder formed by the sanding ring, making it difficult to achieve automated grinding. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a deburring and polishing device that simultaneously forms surface contact and line contact during polishing, thereby improving polishing efficiency and solving the problems of existing technologies. It is assembled by means of polishing rings in groups, and by adjusting the angle and position, one tool can handle the processing of complex contour surfaces within a certain range.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution.

[0007] Deburring and polishing equipment, including,

[0008] The rotating shaft that forms the assembly part

[0009] Several grinding rings are arranged along the outer circumference of the rotating shaft, and the grinding rings are stacked on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft;

[0010] The driving mechanism is linked to the rotating shaft, which drives the rotating shaft to rotate so that the grinding ring can perform grinding, and / or drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and is set at an angle with the workpiece to be ground so that the grinding ring and the workpiece to be ground can simultaneously form line contact and surface contact.

[0011] Among a plurality of polishing rings, at least two adjacent polishing rings form a clamping space.

[0012] Furthermore, at least one side of the grinding ring is provided with a grinding surface, and the grinding surface forms a first gap between adjacent grinding rings.

[0013] Furthermore, the polishing ring is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions form the polishing surface with a height difference.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an adjusting shim sleeved on the rotating shaft and bolted to the rotating shaft, the adjusting shim forming a second gap between adjacent grinding rings, and the sides of the plurality of grinding rings forming a surface contact with the workpiece to be ground.

[0015] Furthermore, adjacent grinding rings and grinding surfaces are arranged facing each other, opposite each other, or in the same direction.

[0016] Furthermore, an assembly portion is formed at the end of the rotating shaft, and several of the grinding rings pass through the assembly portion and are then fixed to the rotating shaft by fasteners.

[0017] Furthermore, the fastener forms a pressing surface, which generates a downward pressing force, causing the plurality of grinding rings to be pressed against the assembly part.

[0018] Furthermore, the fastener is a bolt, which extends into the insertion hole of the assembly part along the height direction and is fixed thereto.

[0019] Furthermore, the grinding ring generates a first-direction grinding force during grinding, and the bolt and the assembly are locked together by a rotational force opposite to the first direction of rotation.

[0020] Furthermore, the rotating shaft is connected to a robot or control device via a wrench-type drill chuck or a self-tightening drill chuck.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] In this invention, compared to surface contact, both surface and line contact are formed simultaneously during grinding, improving grinding efficiency. At this point, the grinding rings, forming the grinding rings, are perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece at a 90° angle, resulting in line contact. However, if the grinding rings are not perpendicular to the workpiece, they form non-90° angles with multiple grinding rings, resulting in surface contact. Adjusting the rotating shaft drives the entire deburring and grinding equipment, adjusting its angle and position relative to the workpiece, allowing the grinding rings to form different working angles with the workpiece surface, thus achieving simultaneous "line" and "surface" contact, constantly switching between them. Furthermore, when the "line" state is dominant, it is easier to adhere to the workpiece surface, and the grinding force is relatively weak; conversely, when the "surface" state is dominant, the grinding force is stronger, and the adhesion is poorer. Existing simulation software can also be used to simulate the working conditions and obtain a series of 3D positional movement parameters for deburring complex contour surfaces.

[0023] The structure in this invention features a rotation method that is easy to implement, simple to drive, and highly energy efficient. It also facilitates robot posture control, ensuring consistent deburring. By using different mold specifications, full automation can be achieved to address various application scenarios.

[0024] This invention is specifically developed for deburring "complex intersection lines" (i.e., deburring workpieces with different diameters at different heights along the same central axis), making it easy to deburr and particularly suitable for robotic applications. Multiple grinding wheels form abrasive surfaces, and each grinding wheel itself creates abrasive edges, resulting in a dual-combination contact method of lines and surfaces. When used in conjunction with a robot, it can achieve repetitive XYZ postures within a given space with high precision. The grinding tool in this invention operates simply (concentric rotation), and the robot end effector can be equipped with a pneumatic (or electric) motor, offering strong versatility. By leveraging the advantages of a robot arm, it can perform different posture movements, thereby meeting the requirements for deburring "complex intersection lines."

[0025] In this invention, different abrasive (sandpaper) formulations can be selected. For example, calcined alumina abrasive is preferred for aluminum alloys, while silicon carbide abrasive is preferred for titanium alloys, and so on. Adjusting the particle size of the abrasive can achieve different surface effects. Furthermore, adjusting the backing material can also achieve different effects and efficiencies, which is beneficial for cost reduction and low-carbon sustainable development. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 Exploded view of the deburring and polishing equipment provided by this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the deburring and polishing equipment provided by this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 The second schematic diagram of the deburring and polishing equipment provided by this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 The third structural schematic diagram of the assembly part provided by this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the grinding ring provided by this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 The second schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding ring provided by this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 A partially enlarged view of the grinding ring provided by this utility model;

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 100, Rotating shaft; 200, Grinding ring; 210, Raised dot; 300, Adjusting shim; 400, Fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Equivalent transformations or substitutions in function, method, or structure made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] See attached document Figure 1-5 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a novel deburring abrasive that is easier to conform to various complex contour surfaces, has a simple structure, is easy to use, and is more suitable for robots. For example, the end of the abrasive is powered by a motor, which drives the rotating shaft to form the abrasive and drives the polishing ring to perform a high-speed linear rotational motion to clean the workpiece to be polished. At this time, it is connected to the motor through a wrench-type drill chuck or a self-tightening drill chuck.

[0037] See attached document Figure 1-5 As shown, the deburring and polishing equipment in this embodiment includes a rotating shaft 100 forming an assembly part, and a plurality of polishing rings 200 arranged along the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 100, the plurality of polishing rings 200 being stacked on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 100; it also includes a drive mechanism (not shown in the figure) of existing equipment, the drive mechanism being linked with the rotating shaft 100, driving the rotating shaft 100 to rotate so that the polishing rings 200 perform polishing, and / or driving the rotating shaft 100 to rotate, being arranged at an angle with the workpiece to be polished, so that the polishing rings 200 and the workpiece to be polished simultaneously form line contact and surface contact; among the plurality of polishing rings 200, at least two adjacent polishing rings 200 form a clamping space.

[0038] In this embodiment, the assembly of multiple grinding rings is cleverly utilized so that a single grinding ring forms a line contact, while multiple grinding rings form a surface contact, thereby providing more grinding methods.

[0039] Regarding the grinding ring, in this embodiment, the grinding ring 200 has at least one grinding surface on one side, which creates a first gap between adjacent grinding rings. At this point, at least one side of the grinding ring is smooth, while the other side is uneven, thus creating a gap between the grinding rings. When the diameter or width of the workpiece to be ground changes, this first gap can be used for adjustment. Alternatively, both sides can have uneven grinding surfaces, adjusted according to the design drawings of the tool to be ground.

[0040] Secondly, a plurality of protrusions 210 are provided on the grinding ring 200, and the plurality of protrusions 210 form the grinding surface with a height difference. In this embodiment, the plurality of protrusions are specifically of different particle sizes, and these particles are of different sizes, thereby forming rough protrusions to serve as the working area for removing burrs from the workpiece being ground.

[0041] Furthermore, it also includes adjusting shims.

[0042] In this embodiment, to adjust the spacing of the grinding rings, an adjusting shim 300 is included, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft 100 and bolted to the rotating shaft 100. The adjusting shim 300 creates a second spacing between adjacent grinding rings 200, and the sides of several grinding rings 300 form surface contact with the workpiece to be ground. In this embodiment, the adjusting shim and the protrusion can coexist or only one can exist, so that the spacing between the grinding rings can be either the first spacing or the second spacing, or the sum of the first spacing and the second spacing, to meet different workpiece grinding requirements.

[0043] In this embodiment, the adjusting shim 300 and the grinding ring 200 are connected by a rotating shaft 100 and fixed with locking bolts (or nuts) using positive and negative threads depending on the direction of rotation. The shims have different outer diameters and thicknesses, providing a second gap for the abrasive ring to adapt to the needs of complex contour surfaces of varying degrees.

[0044] Finally, during setup, adjacent grinding rings and grinding surfaces can be positioned facing each other, opposite each other, or in the same direction. This arrangement allows for greater versatility in assembly.

[0045] The assembly method in this embodiment is as follows:

[0046] 1) An assembly portion is formed at the end of the rotating shaft 100, and several of the grinding rings 200 pass through the assembly portion and are fixed to the rotating shaft 100 by fasteners 400.

[0047] 2) Specifically, the fastener 400 forms a pressing surface, which generates a downward pressing force, causing the plurality of grinding rings 200 to be pressed tightly against the assembly part. The fastener is a bolt, which extends into the insertion hole of the assembly part along the height direction and is fixed thereto.

[0048] 3) Assemble several grinding rings one by one according to the requirements such as the diameter change of the workpiece, and set adjustment shims between the grinding rings.

[0049] 4) In actual use, the grinding ring generates a first-direction grinding force during grinding, and the bolt and the assembly are locked together by a rotational force opposite to the first direction of rotation. In this way, the bolt is locked and fixed to the grinding ring during the grinding process.

[0050] 5) When adding a drive mechanism or other equipment, the rotating shaft is connected to a robot or control device through a wrench-type drill chuck or a self-tightening drill chuck.

[0051] In this embodiment, the abrasive ring is pre-cut into shape, for example, a circular ring, and then the central hole serves as a positioning hole for tight fitting with the bolt. It is then fixed to one end of the shaft using bolts and washers. Note that since the direction of rotation is fixed, there are clockwise and counterclockwise rotations.

[0052] In this embodiment, a double-nut locking structure is used in heavy-duty abrasive tools. A bolt structure is used for medium and small-duty abrasive tools. Note: The rotation direction of the abrasive tool is singular and cannot be reversed; that is, an abrasive tool rotating in the correct direction cannot be used in the reverse direction. This is strictly stated in the product usage specifications, and measures are taken on the abrasive tool handle to prevent misoperation. During actual use, the friction between the abrasive ring and the workpiece generates a reverse force, causing the nut (bolt) to rotate in the locking direction, further locking the abrasive ring.

[0053] In this embodiment, the gap between the abrasive cloth rings can be adjusted by shims, and the abrasive surfaces can be arranged in the same direction; or they can be arranged back-to-back in a small group, with one or more groups separated by shims, which can be adjusted according to the actual 3D contour surface condition; the selection of abrasive and backing (cloth) needs to be optimized according to the characteristics of the material being processed, and can be divided into: stainless steel, carbon steel, aluminum alloy, non-metallic materials, etc.

[0054] When grinding complex curved surfaces, effectively touching the complex contour lines (3D) spatial curved surfaces is key. In this embodiment, this can be achieved by using various groups of "sand rings" with different angles. With optimization of rotation speed and direction of motion, "efficient deburring of complex intersection lines" is ensured.

[0055] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0056] In this embodiment, grinding rings such as circles or regular polygons can be selected and then stacked to form cylindrical, sunflower-shaped (i.e., the stacking of multiple equilateral polygons), spherical, or conical structures, which can generate a variety of grinding forces.

[0057] Abrasive materials (such as sandpaper) are cut into circular pieces of different specifications, depending on the complexity of the contour surface. These are stacked into a cylinder and fixed to one end of a rigid shaft. The shaft handle can be clamped onto a high-speed rotating power mechanism for drive. The high-speed rotation of the abrasive generates centrifugal force, imparting kinetic energy to the abrasive. The abrasive material is adjustable; during use, the contact angle and contact time between the outer cylindrical surface of the abrasive and the complex contour surface are adjusted, and a reasonable movement path is set. The abrasive side is used to smooth and remove burrs, achieving a balance of rigidity and flexibility. In this embodiment, adjusting the contact angle, contact force, and contact time of the abrasive allows for adjustment of the driving force provided by the motor to the rotating shaft. As the speed increases, the abrasive ring, driven by a greater centrifugal force, generates greater friction on the surface being ground. In this embodiment, the abrasive ring is set with abrasive particles on one side and a backing surface (without abrasive particles) on the other. This abrasive can be assembled with the abrasive-spotted side facing the same direction, or it can be grouped back-to-back and then combined.

[0058] The core solution in this embodiment is as follows:

[0059] A deburring and grinding device achieves optimal fit when the abrasive is perpendicular to the contour surface of the workpiece. The grinding (deburring) capability increases when the abrasive is rotated at an angle. Simultaneously, parameters such as abrasive rotation speed, grit size, and backing surface can be adjusted to meet the deburring requirements of different materials. This design is specifically developed for robotic applications.

[0060] In this embodiment, it specifically includes a rotating shaft with a straight shank and a grinding part located outside it.

[0061] The straight shank serves for positioning, clamping, and power transmission, and can be configured with a quick-change mechanism to meet the requirements of automated grinding. The grinding section offers a variety of options, allowing adjustment of the abrasive ring size to accommodate different hole intersections. For example, for a workpiece with a 32mm hole diameter, a 28mm abrasive is recommended. Additionally, the abrasive thickness (number of abrasive rings) can be adjusted according to the hole depth.

[0062] Different abrasive grains can address the needs of different materials (including non-metallic materials), and the density (space) of the abrasive wheels can be adjusted according to the customer's actual working conditions. Different combinations can meet the deburring needs of different materials, different hole shapes, and the "complex intersection lines" generated on the contour surface.

[0063] In this embodiment, common grinding tools in the prior art, such as the common flap wheel structure, have multiple sets of abrasive particles, but they do not conform to complex contour surfaces, resulting in low working effect and efficiency. They require constant manual adjustment of the grinding posture, making the process complex and non-repeatable. Ultimately, the deburring effect is inconsistent.

[0064] In this embodiment, during grinding, the specific grinding force is determined by the formula W=F*S. The grinding force depends on the particle size, distribution density, contact area, and particle characteristics of the abrasive—collectively referred to as "F." "S" refers to the grinding wheel speed, rotational speed, and instantaneous linear velocity. During deburring, the abrasive ring assembly of the grinding wheel has a certain contact angle with the contour surface of the workpiece. Changing the position in any dimension (XYZ) during processing adjusts the contact area between the abrasive ring surface and the workpiece, thereby adjusting the grinding force. For example, when the grinding wheel is perpendicular to the workpiece plane at 90°, the grinding force is minimal (because only a small amount of abrasive contacts), but the adhesion is best. The abrasive rings are prone to deformation (because there are gaps between rings and between ring assemblies), and the supporting force of the abrasive rings is minimal. Conversely, when the angle is not 90°, the contact area of ​​the abrasive ring surface increases, and the supporting force of the abrasive rings also increases, further increasing "F." Combined with adjustments to "S," optimal grinding force can be achieved.

[0065] This embodiment also has the following features:

[0066] The grinding ring 200 in this embodiment can be adapted to different abrasives, such as silicon carbide, alumina, ceramic particles, and diamond abrasives, depending on the material being ground.

[0067] To complete the assembly, a perforation is set inside the grinding ring 200. The condition of the perforation is customized. Because it is a modular design, the assembly device can be standardized by replacing the grinding ring.

[0068] The device can be set to either the forward or reverse direction depending on the growth direction of the burrs on the workpiece. The only key point is that the locking nut or bolt must be matched.

[0069] Using a simple rotating shaft 100, industry-specific structures can be made according to automation needs, achieving universal compatibility.

[0070] In this embodiment, the protrusions are arranged in an array, which can form a series of grinding rings along the circumference of the grinding ring 200, or form cutting strips along the diameter.

[0071] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible implementations of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent implementations or modifications made without departing from the spirit of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0072] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0073] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A deburring and polishing equipment, characterized in that, include, The rotating shaft that forms the assembly part Several grinding rings are arranged along the outer circumference of the rotating shaft, and the grinding rings are stacked on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft; The driving mechanism is linked to the rotating shaft, which drives the rotating shaft to rotate so that the grinding ring can perform grinding, and / or drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and is set at an angle with the workpiece to be ground so that the grinding ring and the workpiece to be ground can simultaneously form line contact and surface contact. Among a plurality of polishing rings, at least two adjacent polishing rings form a clamping space.

2. The deburring and polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding ring has a grinding surface on at least one side, and the grinding surface creates a first gap between adjacent grinding rings.

3. The deburring and polishing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The grinding ring is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions form the grinding surface with a height difference.

4. The deburring and polishing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an adjusting shim that is sleeved on the rotating shaft and bolted to the rotating shaft, the adjusting shim forming a second gap between adjacent grinding rings, and the sides of the plurality of grinding rings forming a surface contact with the workpiece to be ground.

5. The deburring and polishing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, Adjacent grinding rings or grinding surfaces may be arranged facing each other, opposite each other, or in the same direction.

6. The deburring and polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, An assembly portion is formed at the end of the rotating shaft, and several of the grinding rings pass through the assembly portion and are then fixed to the rotating shaft by fasteners.

7. The deburring and polishing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fastener forms a pressing surface, which generates a downward pressing force, causing the several grinding rings to be pressed against the assembly part.

8. The deburring and polishing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fastener is a bolt, which extends into the insertion hole of the assembly part along the height direction and is fixed thereto.

9. The deburring and polishing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The grinding ring generates a first-direction grinding force during grinding, and the bolt and the assembly are locked together by a rotational force opposite to the first direction of rotation.

10. The deburring and polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating shaft is connected to a robot or control device via a wrench-type drill chuck or a self-tightening drill chuck.

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