A crimped sheath-core bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly
By setting C-shaped and U-shaped protrusions in the spinneret assembly, the problems of poor elasticity and material mixing in traditional core-sheath fiber spinnerets are solved, enabling the production of soft, good-feeling, and dyeable crimped fibers.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- PUJIANG DEGONG PRECISION MACHINERY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
The fibers spun from traditional core-sheath fiber spinnerets have poor elasticity and a stiff feel, and the two-component raw materials are prone to mixing, making the formation of a core-sheath structure only a theoretical possibility.
A crimped sheath-core bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly was designed. A second protrusion was set in the confluence groove of the distribution plate. The second protrusion includes a C-shaped part and a U-shaped part. The radius of the C-shaped part is smaller than the feed end diameter of the spinneret orifice. The U-shaped part extends beyond the outer contour of the spinneret orifice and is in close contact with the surface of the spinneret. Only the sheath material is allowed to flow from the C-shaped part, and the core material is pushed towards the U-shaped part to form crimped fibers.
The resulting fibers are softer, more elastic, have a better feel, better dyeability, better moisture absorption and wicking properties, and have a fixed forming cross-section, making them less prone to mixing.
Smart Images
Figure CN224378313U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile equipment technology, specifically to a crimped core bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly. Background Technology
[0002] In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of people's living standards, conventional single-component fibers can no longer meet market demands. Differentiated and functional fibers have become a research hotspot, such as functional composite fibers and heterogeneous fibers. Among them, core-sheath composite fibers are fibers formed by axially arranging polymer component A as the sheath and polymer component B as the core. This allows a single fiber to contain two polymers, combining the advantages of both polymers. It not only possesses the unique properties of each polymer but also compensates for the shortcomings of a single component. The core-sheath blend structure produces a combined effect, giving core-sheath composite fibers excellent or special properties that single fibers do not possess.
[0003] Traditional core-sheath fiber spinnerets, such as the one disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN219260293U for producing high-performance core-sheath bicomponent fibers, belong to the field of textile equipment technology. It includes a distribution plate and a spinneret that are mutually compatible; the distribution plate is provided with annular grooves for core material, annular grooves for sheath material, a sheath material confluence groove, and pin holes. When this device is used for spinning, the resulting composite fiber core layer has an anisotropic cross-section.
[0004] However, the above-mentioned core-sheath bicomponent fiber spinnerets have the following problems: the fibers spun from core-sheath spinnerets have poor elasticity, a stiff feel, and limited functionality; in the actual spinning process, the bicomponents are prone to mixing during the aggregation process, making it only theoretically possible for fibers to form a core-sheath structure. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a crimped core-sheath bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly to solve the problems of poor elasticity, poor hand feel, and easy mixing of bicomponent raw materials spun from traditional core-sheath fiber spinnerets.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:
[0007] This utility model relates to a spinneret assembly for a crimped sheath-core bicomponent fiber, comprising a distribution plate and a spinneret that cooperate with each other. The top surface of the distribution plate is provided with a sheath material trough and a core material trough, and the bottom surface is provided with a confluence channel. The distribution plate is also provided with sheath material guide holes and core material guide holes. The inlet and outlet ends of the sheath material guide holes are respectively connected to the sheath material trough and the confluence channel, and the inlet and outlet ends of the core material guide holes are respectively connected to the core material trough and the confluence channel. The spinneret is provided with spinneret holes, and the core material guide holes are located within the spinneret holes. Above, the confluence channel is connected to the feed end of the spinneret. A first protrusion is provided in the confluence channel corresponding to the position of each core layer raw material guide hole. The bottom surface of the first protrusion is higher than the upper surface of the spinneret. A second protrusion is provided on the bottom surface of each first protrusion. The bottom surface of the second protrusion is flush with the upper surface of the spinneret. The second protrusion includes a C-shaped part and a U-shaped part. The openings of the C-shaped part and the U-shaped part are opposite each other. The radius of the C-shaped part is smaller than the diameter of the feed end of the spinneret. The U-shaped part extends beyond the outer contour of the feed end of the spinneret and the extended part is in close contact with the upper surface of the spinneret.
[0008] Preferably, the U-shaped portions are all located on the side of the C-shaped portion closest to the axis of the distribution plate.
[0009] Preferably, the core layer material guide hole and the spinneret hole are eccentrically arranged, and the core layer material guide is biased towards the U-shaped part.
[0010] Preferably, two skin layer raw material tanks are provided, with the two skin layer raw material tanks located in the inner and outer rings of the core layer raw material tank, respectively, and a set of skin layer raw material guide holes are provided at each skin layer raw material tank.
[0011] Preferably, the core layer material guide holes are evenly distributed around the circumference, and the skin layer material guide holes in the same group are also evenly distributed around the circumference.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages:
[0013] The present invention relates to a curled core bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly, which includes a distribution plate and a spinneret that cooperate with each other. Compared with a traditional distribution plate, a second protrusion is provided in the confluence groove on the bottom surface of the distribution plate. The bottom surface of the second protrusion is flush with the upper surface of the spinneret. The second protrusion includes a C-shaped part and a U-shaped part. The openings of the C-shaped part and the U-shaped part are opposite to each other. The radius of the C-shaped part is smaller than the diameter of the feed end of the spinneret hole. The U-shaped part extends beyond the outer contour of the feed end of the spinneret hole, and the extended part is in close contact with the upper surface of the spinneret. During the spinning process, because the second protruding U-shaped part extends beyond the outer contour of the feed end of the spinneret and the extended part is in close contact with the upper surface of the spinneret, the sheath material cannot flow to the spinneret from this position, but only flows from the C-shaped part. Due to the special structure of the C-shaped protrusion, the flowing sheath material will push the core material that is squeezed in to one side of the U-shaped part, generating special fibers with loose sheath and core. When the two materials are formed at the spinneret outlet, the expansion and contraction rates of the two materials are different, which can generate crimped fibers, making the fibers softer, more elastic, and with a good hand feel, good dyeability, and good moisture absorption and perspiration wicking. Since the relative position of the C-shaped structure and the outer contour of the feed end of the spinneret is fixed and the gap size is constant, the forming section of each fiber is fixed and the forming section is good, making it less prone to material mixing. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the curled sheath core bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly involved in this utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a top view of the distribution board;
[0016] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the distribution board.
[0017] Reference numerals: 1-Distribution plate, 11-Sheet material tank, 12-Core material tank, 13-Gathering tank, 14-Sheet material guide hole, 15-Core material guide hole, 16-First protrusion, 17-Second protrusion, 18-C-shaped part, 19-U-shaped part, 2-Spinneret, 21-Spinneret hole. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To further understand the content of this utility model, the following embodiments are described in detail. The embodiments are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.
[0019] See attached document Figure 1 As shown, the present invention relates to a crimped core bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly, which includes a distribution plate 1 and a spinneret 2 that cooperate with each other.
[0020] See attached document Figure 1 and 2As shown, the top surface of the distribution plate 1 is provided with two annular skin material grooves 11 and one annular core material groove 12, with the two skin material grooves 11 located in the inner and outer rings of the core material groove 12, respectively.
[0021] See attached document Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the bottom surface of the distribution plate 1 is provided with a confluence channel 13. The distribution plate 1 is also provided with skin layer raw material guide holes 14 and core layer raw material guide holes 15. Each skin layer raw material tank 11 is provided with a set of skin layer raw material guide holes 14. The inlet and outlet ends of the skin layer raw material guide holes 14 are connected to the corresponding skin layer raw material tank 14 and the confluence channel 13, respectively. The inlet and outlet ends of the core layer raw material guide holes 15 are connected to the core layer raw material tank 12 and the confluence channel 13, respectively. The core layer raw material guide holes 15 are evenly distributed in a circumference, and the skin layer raw material guide holes 14 in the same group are also evenly distributed in a circumference. The confluence channel 13 is provided with a first protrusion 16 corresponding to the position of each core layer material guide hole 15. The bottom surface of the first protrusion 16 is higher than the upper surface of the spinneret 2. The bottom surface of each first protrusion 16 is provided with a second protrusion 17. The bottom surface of the second protrusion 17 is flush with the upper surface of the spinneret 2. The second protrusion 17 includes a C-shaped part 18 and a U-shaped part 19. The openings of the C-shaped part 18 and the U-shaped part 19 are opposite each other, and the U-shaped part 19 is located on the side of the C-shaped part 18 near the axis of the distribution plate. The radius of the C-shaped part 18 is smaller than the diameter of the feed end of the spinneret 21, so that the skin material can flow from the hollow around the C-shaped part 18 to the spinneret 21. The U-shaped part 19 extends beyond the outer contour of the feed end of the spinneret 2, and the extended part is close to the upper surface of the spinneret 2 to prevent the skin material at this position from entering the spinneret 2.
[0022] During the spinning process using the above-mentioned crimped core-sheath bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly, the core material enters the core material tank 12 and directly enters the spinneret 21 through the core material guide hole 15. At the same time, the sheath material enters the sheath material tank 11 and enters the confluence tank 13 through the sheath material guide hole 14. Since the U-shaped portion 19 of the second protrusion 17 extends beyond the outer contour of the feed end of the spinneret 21 and the extended portion is in close contact with the upper surface of the spinneret 2, the sheath material cannot flow to the spinneret 21 from this position. It only flows from the gap on the side of the C-shaped portion. Due to the special structure of the C-shaped protrusion, the confluenced sheath material will push the squeezed core material to one side of the U-shaped portion 19, thereby generating special fibers with loose core-sheath wrapping. In order to prevent the core material from being wrapped by the sheath, the core material guide hole 15 and the spinneret 21 can also be eccentrically set, with the core material guide hole 15 biased towards one side of the U-shaped portion 19. When the core and sheath materials are ejected from the spinneret 21, the sheath material fails to completely envelop the core material. Due to the different expansion and contraction rates of the two materials, a crimping effect is formed. When spandex is added to the core material, crimped elastic yarns are generated, which are soft, cotton-elastic, have a good hand feel, good dyeability, and are sweat-wicking and moisture-absorbing. When a conductive material is used for the core layer, the resulting fibers have a conductive effect and are antistatic.
[0023] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the embodiments. However, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should still fall within the patent coverage of the present invention.
Claims
1. A crimped sheath-core bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly, comprising a distribution plate and a spinneret that cooperate with each other, wherein the top surface of the distribution plate is provided with a sheath material trough and a core material trough, and the bottom surface is provided with a confluence channel; the distribution plate is also provided with sheath material guide holes and core material guide holes, the inlet and outlet ends of the sheath material guide holes being connected to the sheath material trough and the confluence channel respectively, and the inlet and outlet ends of the core material guide holes being connected to the core material trough and the confluence channel respectively; the spinneret is provided with spinneret holes, the core material guide holes being located above the spinneret holes, and the confluence channel being connected to the inlet end of the spinneret holes; characterized in that: The confluence channel is provided with a first protrusion corresponding to the position of each core layer raw material guide hole. The bottom surface of the first protrusion is higher than the upper surface of the spinneret. The bottom surface of each first protrusion is provided with a second protrusion. The bottom surface of the second protrusion is flush with the upper surface of the spinneret. The second protrusion includes a C-shaped part and a U-shaped part. The openings of the C-shaped part and the U-shaped part are opposite to each other. The radius of the C-shaped part is smaller than the diameter of the feed end of the spinneret hole. The U-shaped part extends beyond the outer contour of the feed end of the spinneret hole, and the extended part is in close contact with the upper surface of the spinneret.
2. The crimped core bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped portions are all located on the side of the C-shaped portion closest to the axis of the distribution plate.
3. The crimped core bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core layer material guide hole and the spinneret hole are eccentrically arranged, and the core layer material guide is biased towards one side of the U-shaped part.
4. The crimped core bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two skin layer raw material tanks are provided, located on the inner and outer rings of the core layer raw material tank, respectively, and a set of skin layer raw material guide holes are provided at each skin layer raw material tank.
5. The crimped core bicomponent fiber spinneret assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The core layer material guide holes are evenly distributed around the circumference, and the skin layer material guide holes in the same group are also evenly distributed around the circumference.