A yarn spreading device for one-way cloth production
By combining tension control, fiber spreading, impregnation, and extrusion mechanisms, the problem of uneven fiber spreading in unidirectional fabric production was solved, achieving uniform areal density and uniform glue distribution, thus improving the quality and performance of the composite material.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANDONG LAIWEI NEW MATERIALS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
In the production process of unidirectional fabric, uneven fiber spreading leads to uneven areal density, which affects the quality and performance of the composite material.
The system employs a tension control mechanism, a yarn spreading mechanism, a glue dipping mechanism, and a glue extrusion mechanism. The yarn spreading mechanism ensures that the yarn is fully spread out, the glue dipping mechanism ensures that the yarn is evenly glued, and the glue extrusion mechanism ensures that the glue is evenly distributed, thereby improving the uniformity of the areal density.
It improves the areal density uniformity of unidirectional fabric, reduces filament breakage during production, and improves the uniformity of adhesive distribution.
Smart Images
Figure CN224395152U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of unidirectional fabric production equipment, specifically a yarn spreading device for unidirectional fabric production. Background Technology
[0002] UHMWPE fiber, also known as high-strength, high-modulus polyethylene fiber, is a high-performance fiber widely used in both military and civilian fields. In the military and defense sectors, UHMWPE fiber is used to manufacture bulletproof vests, helmets, shields, and armor plating for tanks, ships, and aircraft. In the production of bulletproof plates, UHMWPE fiber is typically first made into a unidirectional fabric, then cut and orthogonally laminated at 0° / 90° angles, and finally hot-pressed to form the bulletproof plate.
[0003] In the production of unidirectional fabric, UHMWPE fiber bobbins are installed on a yarn rack. The fibers pass through regularly arranged threading holes from the yarn rack, sequentially passing through a fiber bundling plate to achieve initial positioning of the fiber bundles in three-dimensional space. The fiber bundles then enter a surface density control device to achieve positioning of the fiber bundles in the width direction. The positioned fiber bundles enter a spreading module, where the fibers are evenly distributed. The evenly spread fiber bundles are fed into a gluing device for gluing, and the unidirectional fabric, after being laminated with the film, arrives at a drying and setting module where it is heated and dried for setting. After drying, the UD fabric is naturally cooled in air by a cooling module, and after reaching a set length, it is automatically cut and wound into rolls by a winding module.
[0004] In the production of unidirectional fabrics, the primary quality parameter of concern is fiber areal density, which refers to the mass of fibers per unit area. It is a key quality control parameter for intermediate materials in composite materials science and technology. This indicator directly affects the quality stability of the finished composite product, and its precision must be strictly controlled during production. Deviations in the areal density of unidirectional fabrics can lead to abnormal local fiber content in the composite material, resulting in defects such as delamination and insufficient strength in the finished product.
[0005] The uneven areal density is mainly caused by uneven fiber spreading during the production of unidirectional fabric. Since a single bundle of UHMWPE fibers typically consists of hundreds of monofilaments, if the bundle is not fully spread during production, the fiber bundle width will be insufficient, creating gaps between fibers. Unevenly spread fibers will form protrusions relative to other fibers, and these gaps or protrusions often extend throughout the entire roll of fabric, causing a deviation in the overall areal density. Because hundreds of rolls of fiber yarn are used in the production of unidirectional fabric, significant uneven fiber spreading during this process will result in an uneven fabric roll, affecting the areal density and performance of the composite material in the later stages. Utility Model Content
[0006] This invention addresses the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a yarn spreading device for unidirectional fabric production. This device enables the yarn to be fully spread, resulting in a more uniform surface density of the unidirectional fabric.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a yarn spreading device for unidirectional fabric production, comprising a tension control mechanism, a yarn spreading mechanism, a glue dipping mechanism, a glue extrusion mechanism, and a glue dipping tank. Arranged yarns sequentially pass through the tension control mechanism, the yarn spreading mechanism, the glue dipping mechanism, and the glue extrusion mechanism. The glue dipping tank is located below the glue extrusion mechanism and the glue dipping mechanism. The lower edges of the glue extrusion mechanism and the glue dipping mechanism are submerged in the glue dipping tank. The glue dipping mechanism includes multiple glue dipping rollers, each a driven roller. The glue extrusion mechanism includes an upper glue extrusion roller and a lower glue extrusion roller. The lower glue extrusion roller is a speed-controllable driving roller, and the upper glue extrusion roller is a driven roller whose height can be manually adjusted vertically. The yarn spreading mechanism includes several fixed rollers and a first yarn spreading roller located at the foremost end. Supports are provided on both sides of the first yarn spreading roller, and rollers are mounted on the supports. Both sides of the first yarn spreading roller are fitted into the rollers. The surface of the first yarn spreading roller has multiple semi-circular protrusions.
[0008] Preferably, the bracket further includes a pressure spring and a screw. The bracket is provided with a threaded through hole, the screw is inserted into the threaded through hole, the end of the screw is in contact with the surface of the first wire spreading roller, and the pressure spring is located between the screw and the bracket.
[0009] Preferably, the impregnation mechanism further includes an unwinding roller located above the impregnation roller, the unwinding roller being used to place the film.
[0010] Preferably, the tension control mechanism includes an upper tension roller, a lower tension roller, and a tension spring, wherein the lower tension roller is fixed in position, and the upper tension roller is connected to the tension spring.
[0011] Preferably, the tension roller, the yarn spreading roller, the dip roller, and the lower extrusion roller are stainless steel rollers, and the upper extrusion roller is a rubber roller.
[0012] Preferably, the tension control mechanism is provided with multiple sets of positioning holes, and the lower tension roller is installed on the positioning holes.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0014] 1. This utility model improves the uniformity of the surface density of unidirectional fabric by setting up a yarn spreading mechanism to fully spread the yarn before impregnation.
[0015] 2. The tension control mechanism of this utility model can set different yarn spreading tensions according to the breaking strength of the yarn, thereby reducing the problem of yarn breakage during the production process.
[0016] 3. By setting up a rubber extrusion roller, this utility model enables the extrusion roller to fully contact the fiber, thereby improving the uniformity of glue distribution on the surface of the unidirectional fabric. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the first yarn-spreading roller of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the tension control mechanism of this utility model.
[0021] In the diagram: 1-Tension control mechanism; 101-Upper tension roller; 102-Lower tension roller; 103-Tension spring; 104-Positioning hole; 2-Spindle spreading mechanism; 201-Spindle spreading roller; 202-First spindle spreading roller; 203-Bracket; 204-Roller; 205-Protrusion; 206-Pressure spring; 207-Screw; 208-Threaded through hole; 3-Glue dipping mechanism; 301-Glue dipping roller; 302-Unwinding roller; 4-Glue extrusion mechanism; 401-Upper extrusion roller; 402-Lower extrusion roller; 5-Glue dipping tank. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0023] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this utility model discloses a yarn spreading device for producing unidirectional fabric, including a tension control mechanism 1, a yarn spreading mechanism 2, a glue dipping mechanism 3, a glue extrusion mechanism 4, and a glue dipping tank 5. During production, the fibers on the yarn frame are fed out by the yarn feeding frame, and after passing through the yarn guide hole, they become parallel yarns. The yarns then pass through the tension control mechanism 1, the yarn spreading mechanism 2, the glue dipping mechanism 3, and the glue extrusion mechanism 4 in sequence.
[0024] The tension control mechanism 1 includes an upper tension roller 101, a lower tension roller 102, a tension spring 103, and a positioning hole 104. One end of the tension spring 103 is fixed to the bracket, and the other end is connected to the upper tension roller 101. There are multiple sets of positioning holes 104. The lower tension roller 102 is fixed to the bracket through the positioning holes 104. The lower tension roller 102 rotates around the positioning holes 104 as the fulcrum. The upper tension roller 101 and the lower tension roller 102 are connected together and rotate around the positioning holes 104 as a whole. The yarn passes through the lower tension roller 102 first and then the upper tension roller 101. During production, the yarn will pull the upper tension roller 101 to deflect in the direction of yarn movement. At this time, the tension spring 103 will give the upper tension roller 101 a pulling force in the opposite direction, so that the yarn maintains a certain tension. When it is necessary to adjust the yarn tension, the position of the lower tension roller 102 in the positioning holes 104 can be adjusted to adjust the angle between the upper tension roller 101, the lower tension roller 102 and the yarn. The tension can be controlled by the angle to prevent the yarn from breaking due to excessive tension or uneven yarn development due to insufficient tension.
[0025] The yarn spreading mechanism 2 includes a first spreading roller 202 and a spreading roller 201. The yarn first passes through the first spreading roller 202 and then through the spreading roller 201. When passing through the spreading roller 201, since the spreading roller 201 is a fixed roller, the yarn is spread horizontally through friction between the spreading roller 201 and the yarn. The first spreading roller 202 has supports 203 on both sides, and rollers 204 are fixed on the supports 203. The two ends of the first spreading roller 202 are fitted into the rollers 204, causing the first spreading roller 202 to rotate under the friction of the yarn. The surface of the first spreading roller 202 has a large number of protrusions 205, which are semi-circular with chamfered edges to prevent scratching the yarn. The size of the protrusion 205 is close to the width of the yarn after spreading. Rollers of different sizes can be replaced according to different yarn widths. The support 203 has a threaded through hole 208, into which the screw 207 can be screwed. After passing through the threaded through hole 208, the screw 207 contacts the surface of the first spreading roller 202 and presses against it, creating friction between the end of the screw 207 and the first spreading roller 202. This restricts the rotation of the first spreading roller 202. The magnitude of the friction is adjusted by tightening or loosening the screw 207, thereby controlling the relative speed between the first spreading roller 202 and the yarn to adjust the yarn spreading effect. A pressure spring 206 is located between the screw 207 and the support 203. During production, the screw 207 will vibrate regularly, causing it to loosen and affecting the spreading effect. The pressure spring 206 provides an upward force to the screw 207 to prevent it from loosening.
[0026] Each row of protrusions 205 is staggered to prevent yarn from failing to contact them during production. Under the action of the screw 207, the yarn moves relative to the first spreading roller 202, causing the yarn to come into contact with a large number of protrusions 205 at different relative positions. When the yarn passes through the protrusions 205, the curved surface of the protrusions causes different lateral forces to be applied to the different filaments in the yarn, thus dispersing the filaments. During this process, the best spreading effect is achieved when the yarn is exactly at the center of the protrusions 205, at which point the filaments in the yarn extend to both sides of the protrusions 205.
[0027] The impregnation mechanism 3 consists of multiple impregnation rollers 301 and feed-out rollers 302, both of which are driven rollers. The extrusion mechanism 4 includes an upper extrusion roller 401 and a lower extrusion roller 402. The impregnation tank 5 is located below the impregnation mechanism 3 and the extrusion mechanism 4. When glue is added to the impregnation tank 5, the glue will cover the lower edges of the impregnation rollers 301 and the lower extrusion roller 402, allowing the yarn to be fully impregnated as it passes over the impregnation rollers 301. The upper extrusion roller 401 is a rubber roller, and the lower extrusion roller 402 is a stainless steel roller. The upper extrusion roller 401 can be adjusted in the vertical direction by means of a screw or other means, thereby creating a squeezing force between the upper extrusion roller 401 and the lower extrusion roller 402, squeezing out excess glue from the yarn and ensuring uniform impregnation. The amount of glue impregnated in the yarn is controlled by controlling the magnitude of the squeezing force. A roll of film is placed on the pay-off roller 302. After the film is spread out, it enters the extrusion mechanism 4 together with the yarn. After subsequent drying, the glued yarn will adhere to the surface of the film.
[0028] In this patent, all rollers in contact with the yarn, except for the upper extrusion roller 401 which is a rubber roller, are stainless steel rollers with high surface finish, making them less likely to scratch the yarn. Among these rollers, the lower extrusion roller 402 is connected to the motor and is the driving roller, controlling the overall production speed. The yarn spreading roller 201, the upper tension roller 101, and the lower tension roller 102 are fixed rollers. The first yarn spreading roller 202 is a driven roller with a limit, and the remaining rollers are all driven rollers.
[0029] The yarns referred to in this patent are all untwisted multifilament yarns. For example, the yarns commonly produced by our company are 240F, 380F, and 480F, which indicate that the yarns contain 240, 380, and 480 monofilaments, respectively. This patent also applies to untwisted multifilament yarns of other specifications.
[0030] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A yarn spreading device for unidirectional fabric production, comprising a tension control mechanism, a yarn spreading mechanism, a glue dipping mechanism, a glue extrusion mechanism, and a glue dipping tank, wherein arranged yarns sequentially pass through the tension control mechanism, the yarn spreading mechanism, the glue dipping mechanism, and the glue extrusion mechanism, the glue dipping tank being located below the glue extrusion mechanism and the glue dipping mechanism, the lower edges of the glue extrusion mechanism and the glue dipping mechanism being submerged in the glue dipping tank, the glue dipping mechanism comprising a plurality of glue dipping rollers, the glue dipping rollers being driven rollers, the glue extrusion mechanism comprising an upper glue extrusion roller and a lower glue extrusion roller, the lower glue extrusion roller being a speed-controllable driving roller, and the upper glue extrusion roller being a driven roller whose height can be manually adjusted in the vertical direction, characterized in that: The yarn spreading mechanism includes several fixed rollers and a first yarn spreading roller located at the front end. The first yarn spreading roller has supports on both sides, and rollers are installed on the supports. The two sides of the first yarn spreading roller are fitted into the rollers, and the surface of the first yarn spreading roller has multiple semi-circular protrusions.
2. The yarn-spreading equipment for unidirectional fabric production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket also includes a pressure spring and a screw. The bracket is provided with a threaded through hole, the screw is inserted into the threaded through hole, the end of the screw is in contact with the surface of the first wire spreading roller, and the pressure spring is located between the screw and the bracket.
3. The yarn-spreading equipment for unidirectional fabric production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The impregnation mechanism also includes an unwinding roller located above the impregnation roller, the unwinding roller being used to place the film.
4. The yarn-spreading equipment for unidirectional fabric production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tension control mechanism includes an upper tension roller, a lower tension roller, and a tension spring. The lower tension roller is fixed in position, and the upper tension roller is connected to the tension spring.
5. The yarn-spreading equipment for unidirectional fabric production as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The upper tension roller, the lower tension roller, the yarn spreading roller, the rubber dipping roller, and the lower extrusion roller are stainless steel rollers, and the upper extrusion roller is a rubber roller.
6. The yarn-spreading equipment for unidirectional fabric production as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The tension control mechanism is provided with multiple sets of positioning holes, and the lower tension roller is installed on the positioning holes.