Electronic driving switch for electric car basin-shaped electric horn
By replacing mechanical contacts with electronically driven switches and using a frequency generation module and MOSFET to control the electromagnetic coil of the electric horn, the problems of electric arcing and wear in the electric horn are solved, achieving stable tone output and extending service life.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN VISIBLE TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
Smart Images
Figure CN224401514U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a drive switch, specifically to an electronic drive switch for a basin-shaped electric horn in an electric vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] As an important warning device for vehicles, the electric horn is mainly used to emit audible signals to remind pedestrians or other vehicles to pay attention to driving safety and avoid traffic accidents. Electric horns typically operate on electromagnetic principles, and their core structure includes an electromagnet, contacts, a diaphragm, and a resonating plate. When the electric horn is powered on, the electromagnet generates a magnetic field, driving the diaphragm to vibrate reciprocally, and emitting a sound signal with a certain volume and timbre through the resonating plate.
[0003] In existing technologies, the basin-shaped electric horns used in electric vehicles mostly employ contact-type switches for circuit control. Their working principle is that when current flows through the contacts, the electromagnet generates an attractive force that causes the contacts to open. After power is cut off, the contacts return to their original position, and this repeated opening and closing creates vibrations at a certain frequency. However, because mechanical contacts are prone to arcing during frequent opening and closing, this can lead to contact erosion, wear, or adhesion, affecting not only the horn's lifespan but also potentially causing circuit malfunctions and reducing the overall vehicle safety. Furthermore, the mechanical structure has a limited frequency adjustment range for the electric horn, making it difficult to achieve precise and stable tone control. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides an electronic drive switch for an electric vehicle basin-shaped horn. This electronic drive switch solution can replace mechanical contacts, improve the reliability and lifespan of the horn, and thus achieve stable control and good sound quality output of the horn.
[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: an electronic drive switch for an electric vehicle's basin-shaped electric horn, comprising:
[0006] The power input terminal is used to connect a DC power supply.
[0007] A frequency generation module includes a frequency generation IC and an adjustment circuit. The adjustment circuit includes a matching resistor for adjusting the operating frequency of the frequency generation IC to generate a square wave signal.
[0008] The driving module includes a MOS transistor for receiving a square wave signal output by the frequency generation module and controlling the opening and closing according to the square wave signal;
[0009] A potentiometer is used to adjust the frequency of the square wave signal generated by the frequency generation module.
[0010] The power output terminal is used to output power to the electromagnetic coil of the electric horn.
[0011] The frequency generation module generates a square wave signal of 390-450Hz, and the driving module controls the electromagnetic coil of the electric horn to switch on and off according to the square wave frequency, driving the horn diaphragm to reciprocate, thereby producing sound.
[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the DC power supply voltage connected to the power input terminal is 12V.
[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the MOS transistor of the driving module is an N-channel MOS transistor.
[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the potentiometer adjusts its resistance value to change the input parameters of the frequency generating IC, thereby adjusting the frequency of the square wave signal.
[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the frequency generating IC is an NE555 timing integrated circuit.
[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the matching resistor includes resistor PR1 and resistor R2.
[0017] As a preferred technical solution, when the electromagnetic coil of the electric horn is energized, it generates a magnetic field that attracts the diaphragm of the electric horn to move downward. When the MOS transistor is turned off, the diaphragm is reset and moves upward due to elastic force.
[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model replaces the traditional contact switch with an electronic circuit board, generates a square wave signal using a frequency generation module, and controls the on / off state of the horn's electromagnetic coil through a MOSFET, thus realizing the electronic drive of the horn. Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:
[0019] Beneficial effects:
[0020] 1. It avoids the problems of arcing and wear caused by frequent opening and closing of mechanical contacts, effectively extending the service life of the electric horn and improving the reliability of the circuit.
[0021] 2. By adjusting the frequency of the square wave signal using a potentiometer, the vibration frequency of the electric speaker can be easily adjusted to ensure it operates at its optimal state, thereby obtaining a more ideal tone and volume output.
[0022] 3. The circuit structure is relatively simple, suitable for different types of vehicles such as electric vehicles, and has good adaptability and application value.
[0023] 4. Electronic control methods offer fast response and high drive efficiency, which helps reduce energy consumption and improve the overall stability of the electrical system. Attached Figure Description
[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0025] Figure 1 This is the circuit schematic diagram of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0026] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all disclosed methods or processes, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.
[0027] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features, unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.
[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model discloses an electronic drive switch for a basin-shaped electric horn in an electric vehicle. Preferably, it includes a power input terminal, a frequency generation module, a drive module, a potentiometer, and a power output terminal. The power input terminal is used to connect to a DC power supply, preferably a 12V DC power supply, to ensure stable power supply for the entire circuit and meet the common voltage specifications for electric vehicles. The power input terminal is connected to the vehicle's power system. When the electric horn needs to sound, the power is switched on via the control circuit, putting the circuit into operation.
[0029] The frequency generation module includes a frequency generation IC and a corresponding adjustment circuit. The frequency generation IC is preferably an NE555 timer integrated circuit, which has advantages such as simple circuit structure, stable performance, and low cost. The adjustment circuit is used to set the input parameters of the frequency generation IC. It includes matching resistors, preferably resistors PR1 and R2. By selecting different resistance values for PR1 and R2, the charging and discharging time constant of the NE555 timer can be effectively controlled, thereby generating square wave signals of different frequencies. The frequency generation module can generate square wave signals with a frequency range of 390-450Hz. This frequency range can well match the vibration frequency required by the electric horn of an electric vehicle, ensuring that the emitted sound has sufficient loudness and penetration.
[0030] The frequency generation module also includes a potentiometer. By adjusting its resistance, the potentiometer can change the charging and discharging time of the NE555 timing integrated circuit, thereby flexibly adjusting the frequency of the square wave signal. Users or manufacturers can change the resistance by rotating the potentiometer knob, according to specific vehicle models or requirements for tone and volume, thus changing the square wave frequency and achieving fine-tuning of the horn's tone, ensuring the horn operates within its optimal frequency range and improving sound quality.
[0031] The driving module includes a MOSFET, preferably an N-channel MOSFET, whose gate is connected to the output terminal of the frequency generation module for receiving square wave signals. When the frequency generation module outputs a high-level signal, the MOSFET is turned on, and its drain and source are connected, allowing the voltage at the power input terminal to be transmitted to the power output terminal through the MOSFET. At this time, the power output terminal outputs a DC voltage of 12V, supplying the electromagnetic coil of the electric horn, causing the electromagnetic coil to generate a magnetic field that attracts the horn diaphragm to move downwards. When the frequency generation module outputs a low-level signal, the MOSFET is turned off, there is no voltage output at the power output terminal, the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil disappears, and the horn diaphragm automatically resets and moves upwards due to elastic force.
[0032] When the diaphragm reciprocates up and down at the square wave frequency, the electric horn generates a continuous and stable sound signal, thus realizing the normal sound production function of the electric horn. Compared with the existing technology that uses mechanical contact switches, this utility model avoids the problems of arcing and wear caused by frequent switching of mechanical contacts through electronic drive, effectively improving the service life and reliability of the electric horn. At the same time, by adjusting the square wave frequency through a potentiometer, the sound production of the electric horn can be made more stable, and different tones can be controlled according to actual needs, which has high practical value.
[0033] This invention employs a combination of a frequency generating IC and a MOSFET to control the circuit switch. Combined with an adjustable potentiometer and matching resistor design, it can stably output a square wave signal within a specific frequency range to drive the electric horn of an electric vehicle. This not only improves product performance but also extends its service life. It is suitable for scenarios in the electric vehicle field where there are high requirements for horn performance and reliability, and has good prospects for widespread application.
[0034] The circuit principle is as follows: After connecting a DC 12V power supply to the power input terminal, it first provides the operating voltage to the frequency generation module. The frequency generation module uses the NE555 timing integrated circuit, which, together with an external potentiometer and matching resistors PR1 and R2, forms a timing charge-discharge circuit. The user can adjust the resistance value of the potentiometer to change the charging and discharging time constant of the timing circuit, thereby enabling the NE555 to output a square wave signal in the range of 390-450Hz.
[0035] The square wave signal is used as the control signal input to the driver module. The driver module uses an N-channel MOSFET, whose gate is connected to the output terminal of the NE555, its source is grounded, and its drain is connected to the power supply circuit of the horn's electromagnetic coil. When the NE555 outputs a high level, the MOSFET is turned on, and a 12V DC voltage is applied to the horn's electromagnetic coil through the MOSFET. The electromagnetic coil generates a magnetic field, attracting the diaphragm inside the horn to move downwards. When the NE555 outputs a low level, the MOSFET is turned off, the electromagnetic coil is de-energized, the magnetic field disappears, and the diaphragm automatically returns to its original position and moves upwards under elastic force.
[0036] The square wave frequency output by the NE555 timer controls the periodic switching of the MOSFET, causing the speaker's electromagnetic coil to switch on and off at a set frequency. This drives the diaphragm to vibrate continuously, producing a sound signal from the speaker. The entire circuit eliminates the need for mechanical contacts for switching, significantly improving circuit reliability and lifespan.
[0037] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions conceived without inventive effort should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.
Claims
1. An electronic drive switch for a basin-shaped electric horn in an electric vehicle, characterized in that, include: The power input terminal is used to connect a DC power supply. A frequency generation module includes a frequency generation IC and an adjustment circuit. The adjustment circuit includes a matching resistor for adjusting the operating frequency of the frequency generation IC to generate a square wave signal. The driving module includes a MOS transistor for receiving a square wave signal output by the frequency generation module and controlling the opening and closing according to the square wave signal; A potentiometer is used to adjust the frequency of the square wave signal generated by the frequency generation module. The power output terminal is used to output power to the electromagnetic coil of the electric horn. The frequency generation module generates a square wave signal of 390-450Hz, and the driving module controls the electromagnetic coil of the electric horn to switch on and off according to the square wave frequency, driving the horn diaphragm to reciprocate, thereby producing sound.
2. The electronic drive switch for the electric vehicle basin-shaped horn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC power supply voltage connected to the power input terminal is 12V.
3. The electronic drive switch for the electric vehicle basin-shaped horn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MOS transistor in the driving module is an N-channel MOS transistor.
4. The electronic drive switch for the electric vehicle basin-shaped horn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The potentiometer adjusts its resistance to change the input parameters of the frequency generating IC, thereby adjusting the frequency of the square wave signal.
5. The electronic drive switch for the electric vehicle basin-shaped horn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency generating IC is an NE555 timing integrated circuit.
6. The electronic drive switch for the electric vehicle basin-shaped horn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matching resistors include resistor PR1 and resistor R2.
7. The electronic drive switch for the electric vehicle basin-shaped horn according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the electromagnetic coil of the electric horn is energized, it generates a magnetic field that attracts the diaphragm of the electric horn to move downward. When the MOS transistor is turned off, the diaphragm returns to its original position and moves upward due to elastic force.