A continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries

Abstract

The utility model relates to waste and old lithium battery recycling technical field, concretely relates to a waste and old lithium battery continuous crushing system, including hopper, hopper bottom setting feed cavity, setting feeding device on feed cavity, setting negative pressure air port on the inner wall of feed cavity below feeding device, and negative pressure air port is connected with negative pressure fan through negative pressure pipeline, and the secondary pulverizer is connected in proper order with the tearing crusher below feed cavity, and the first positive pressure air port is set up on the secondary pulverizer, and the first positive pressure air port is connected with the first positive pressure nitrogen gas fan through the first positive pressure pipeline, the second positive pressure air port is set up on the tearing crusher, and the second positive pressure air port is connected with the second positive pressure nitrogen gas fan through the second positive pressure pipeline, the utility model discloses can prevent waste and old lithium battery broken tail gas to be sent to the atmosphere, reduces the pollution, avoids the production of deflagration in the system operation process, and the system safety is high, and the next batch waste and old lithium battery is broken without waiting for a batch waste and old lithium battery to break down, and the system can not be interrupted and runs, and the work efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste lithium battery recycling technology, specifically to a continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of lithium batteries, the number of used lithium batteries is also increasing. Used lithium batteries contain a large number of recyclable components, and proper recycling of these batteries is of great significance for resource conservation and environmental protection.

[0003] Current waste lithium battery recycling processes primarily involve crushing the batteries and then performing steps such as screening, magnetic separation, and gravity separation to recover components like black powder, copper, iron, and aluminum. The crushing process releases heat and evaporates some of the electrolyte. This gas mixes with the solid powder produced during crushing to form high-temperature exhaust gas. This high-temperature exhaust gas poses a risk of deflagration in environments with high oxygen concentrations, and directly releasing it into the atmosphere would cause significant environmental pollution. Therefore, current waste lithium battery crushing processes mainly involve feeding a batch of waste lithium batteries into a sealed crushing device, then replacing the air in the device with an inert gas to create an inert atmosphere before crushing the batteries.

[0004] However, existing waste lithium battery crushing systems require batch feeding, and the next batch of batteries can only be crushed after the previous batch has been crushed. The system operates at time intervals, cannot achieve continuous operation, and has low work efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problems of existing battery crushing systems requiring batch feeding, resulting in continuous operation and low efficiency, this utility model provides a continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries. This system prevents the exhaust gas generated during crushing from being released into the atmosphere as fugitive emissions, thus reducing pollution. It also avoids deflagration during operation, ensuring high system safety. Furthermore, it eliminates the need to wait for one batch of waste lithium batteries to be crushed before proceeding to the next, allowing for uninterrupted operation and high efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries includes a hopper with a feeding chamber at the bottom and a feeding device on the feeding chamber. A negative pressure vent is located on the inner wall of the feeding chamber below the feeding device and is connected to a negative pressure fan via a negative pressure pipe. A shredder and a secondary crusher are sequentially connected below the feeding chamber. The secondary crusher has a first positive pressure vent connected to a first positive pressure nitrogen fan via a first positive pressure pipe. A second positive pressure vent is located on the shredder and is connected to a second positive pressure nitrogen fan via a second positive pressure pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the feeding device includes a flap, the flap having the same cross-sectional width as the feeding chamber and a length greater than the cross-sectional length of the feeding chamber. One end of the flap along its length is a fixed end, and the other end is a movable end. The fixed end of the flap is rotatably connected to the feeding chamber via a flap shaft. It also includes a flap device. The flap device includes a telescopic rod, the two ends of which are rotatably connected to the flap and the feeding chamber, respectively. The extension and retraction of the telescopic rod can control the rise and fall of the movable end of the flap. When the movable end of the flap falls, feeding is performed. When the movable end of the flap rises, feeding stops and the feeding chamber is sealed.

[0009] Furthermore, the telescopic rod is a spring telescopic rod. When the material on the flap reaches a certain mass, the telescopic rod is compressed, and the movable end of the flap descends to feed the material. When the material mass is lower than the rated value, the compression rod extends, the movable end of the flap rises, the feeding stops, and the feeding chamber is sealed, thereby realizing automatic feeding under the action of gravity.

[0010] In another embodiment of this utility model, the telescopic rod is a hydraulic telescopic rod, and the flip-plate device also includes a gravity detection device connected to the flip-plate. The gravity detection device is electrically connected to the telescopic rod and can control the extension and shortening of the telescopic rod according to the value measured by the gravity detection device, thereby controlling the rise and fall of the moving end of the flip-plate and realizing precise control of material feeding.

[0011] Furthermore, the negative pressure air outlet is located below the flap shaft. The material is fed at the movable end of the flap. By placing the negative pressure air outlet below the flap shaft, it can prevent the negative pressure air outlet from sucking some material into the negative pressure pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the negative pressure air vents are equipped with filters to prevent large solid particles from being sucked into the negative pressure duct.

[0013] Furthermore, oxygen concentration detection devices are installed in the secondary crusher, shredder, and feed chamber to monitor the oxygen concentration at each location in real time.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] 1. The waste lithium battery continuous crushing system provided by this utility model has a negative pressure air vent on the feeding chamber, a first positive pressure air vent on the secondary crusher, and a second positive pressure air vent on the shredder. It can input room temperature nitrogen into the secondary crusher to maintain an inert gas atmosphere, which can provide power for the exhaust gas. This allows the exhaust gas generated in the secondary crusher to flow continuously and tortuously into the negative pressure pipeline, preventing the exhaust gas from being released into the atmosphere and becoming fugitive waste gas, thus reducing pollution.

[0016] 2. This invention introduces room-temperature nitrogen into the secondary crusher, which can cool the high-temperature exhaust gas generated during the crushing of waste lithium batteries. At the same time, maintaining an inert gas atmosphere in the secondary crusher can reduce the oxygen content and prevent deflagration. The exhaust gas is further cooled naturally during its flow, and after entering the feeding chamber, it is cooled to a temperature close to room temperature, further preventing deflagration and improving the safety of the system.

[0017] 3. This utility model can realize continuous feeding and continuous crushing of waste lithium batteries. There is no need to wait for one batch of waste lithium batteries to be crushed before the next batch of waste lithium batteries can be crushed. The system can operate continuously and has high working efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries in Example 1.

[0020] In the diagram, 1-hopper, 2-feeding chamber, 21-flip plate, 22-negative pressure pipe, 23-negative pressure fan, 24-telescopic rod, 3-shredder, 31-second positive pressure pipe, 32-second positive pressure nitrogen fan, 4-secondary crusher, 41-first positive pressure pipe, 42-first positive pressure nitrogen fan. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this utility model, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] A continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a hopper 1, a feeding chamber 2 at the bottom of the hopper 1, and a feeding device on the feeding chamber 2. The feeding device includes a flap 21, the flap 21 having the same cross-sectional width as the feeding chamber 2 and a length greater than the cross-sectional length of the feeding chamber 2. One end of the flap 21 along its length is a fixed end, and the other end is a movable end. The fixed end of the flap 21 is rotatably connected to the feeding chamber 2 via a flap shaft. The device also includes a flap assembly. The flap assembly includes a telescopic rod 24, which is a spring telescopic rod. Both ends of the telescopic rod 24 are rotatably connected to the flap 21 and the feeding chamber 2, respectively.

[0024] A negative pressure air vent is provided on the inner wall of the feeding chamber 2 below the feeding device. The negative pressure air vent is located below the flap shaft. A filter screen is provided on the negative pressure air vent. The negative pressure air vent is connected to the negative pressure fan 23 through the negative pressure pipe 22.

[0025] A shredder 3 and a secondary crusher 4 are connected sequentially below the feeding chamber 2. The shredder 3 is equipped with a second positive pressure air vent, which is connected to a second positive pressure nitrogen blower 32 through a second positive pressure pipe 31. The secondary crusher 4 is equipped with a first positive pressure air vent, which is connected to a first positive pressure nitrogen blower 42 through a first positive pressure pipe 41. Oxygen concentration detection devices are respectively installed in the secondary crusher 4, the shredder 3, and the feeding chamber 2.

[0026] The operating steps of Example 1 are as follows:

[0027] (1) Turn on the first positive pressure nitrogen blower 42 and the second positive pressure nitrogen blower 32 to blow nitrogen into the secondary crusher 4 and the shredder 3. At the same time, turn on the negative pressure blower 23 to extract the gas in the feed chamber 2. During the process, monitor the values ​​of the oxygen concentration detection devices in the secondary crusher 4, the shredder 3 and the feed chamber 2 in real time. When the oxygen concentration is lower than the set value, proceed to the next step.

[0028] (2) The waste lithium battery is transported to the hopper 1 and further enters the feeding chamber 2, and is carried on the flap 21; when the mass of the waste lithium battery carried on the flap 21 reaches a certain mass, the telescopic rod 24 is compressed, the movable end of the flap 21 descends, and the waste lithium battery falls into the shredder 3.

[0029] (2) The shredder 3 is started to shred the waste lithium battery. The waste lithium battery generates heat when it is shredded. Some of the electrolyte evaporates and mixes with the solid powder in the battery to form a high-temperature exhaust gas. After mixing with the nitrogen from the second positive pressure pipe 31, the exhaust gas is cooled down and enters the feed chamber 2, and then further enters the negative pressure pipe 22.

[0030] (3) The shredded waste lithium battery fragments enter the secondary crusher 4. The secondary crusher 4 is started to further crush the waste lithium battery fragments to obtain waste lithium battery particles. Heat is generated during the crushing process. Some of the electrolyte evaporates and mixes with the solid powder in the battery to form a high-temperature exhaust gas. After mixing with the nitrogen from the first positive pressure pipe 41, the exhaust gas is cooled down and enters the shredder 3, then enters the feed chamber 2, and then enters the negative pressure pipe 22.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] A continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries includes a hopper 1 with a feeding chamber 2 at the bottom and a feeding device on the feeding chamber 2. The feeding device includes a flap 21 with the same cross-sectional width as the feeding chamber 2 and a length greater than the cross-sectional length of the feeding chamber 2. One end of the flap 21 is fixed, and the other end is movable. The fixed end of the flap 21 is rotatably connected to the feeding chamber 2 via a flap shaft. The system also includes a flap device, which includes a telescopic rod 24 and a gravity detection device. The telescopic rod 24 is a hydraulic telescopic rod, with both ends rotatably connected to the flap 21 and the feeding chamber 2, respectively. The gravity detection device is connected to the flap and electrically connected to the telescopic rod 24.

[0033] A negative pressure air vent is provided on the inner wall of the feeding chamber 2 below the feeding device. The negative pressure air vent is located below the flap shaft. A filter screen is provided on the negative pressure air vent. The negative pressure air vent is connected to the negative pressure fan 23 through the negative pressure pipe 22.

[0034] A shredder 3 and a secondary crusher 4 are connected sequentially below the feeding chamber 2. The shredder 3 is equipped with a second positive pressure air vent, which is connected to a second positive pressure nitrogen blower 32 through a second positive pressure pipe 31. The secondary crusher 4 is equipped with a first positive pressure air vent, which is connected to a first positive pressure nitrogen blower 42 through a first positive pressure pipe 41. Oxygen concentration detection devices are respectively installed in the secondary crusher 4, the shredder 3, and the feeding chamber 2.

[0035] The operating steps of Example 2 are as follows:

[0036] (1) Turn on the first positive pressure nitrogen blower 42 and the second positive pressure nitrogen blower 32 to blow nitrogen into the secondary crusher 4 and the shredder 3. At the same time, turn on the negative pressure blower 23 to extract the gas in the feed chamber 2. During the process, monitor the values ​​of the oxygen concentration detection devices in the secondary crusher 4, the shredder 3 and the feed chamber 2 in real time. When the oxygen concentration is lower than the set value, proceed to the next step.

[0037] (2) The waste lithium battery is transported to the hopper 1 and further enters the feeding chamber 2, and is carried on the flap 21. When the mass of the waste lithium battery carried on the flap 21 exceeds the set value of the gravity detection device, the gravity detection device controls the telescopic rod 24 to shorten, the movable end of the flap 21 to descend, and the waste lithium battery falls into the shredder 3.

[0038] (2) The shredder 3 is started to shred the waste lithium battery. The waste lithium battery generates heat when it is shredded. Some of the electrolyte evaporates and mixes with the solid powder in the battery to form a high-temperature exhaust gas. After mixing with the nitrogen from the second positive pressure pipe 31, the exhaust gas is cooled down and enters the feed chamber 2, and then further enters the negative pressure pipe 22.

[0039] (3) The shredded waste lithium battery fragments enter the secondary crusher 4. The secondary crusher 4 is started to further crush the waste lithium battery fragments to obtain waste lithium battery particles. Heat is generated during the crushing process. Some of the electrolyte evaporates and mixes with the solid powder in the battery to form a high-temperature exhaust gas. After mixing with the nitrogen from the first positive pressure pipe 41, the exhaust gas is cooled down and enters the shredder 3, then enters the feed chamber 2, and then enters the negative pressure pipe 22.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made to the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and such modifications or substitutions should all be within the scope of the present invention. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should also be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous shredding system for waste and old lithium batteries comprising a hopper, characterized in that, The bottom of the hopper is provided with a feeding chamber, and a feeding device is provided on the feeding chamber. A negative pressure air vent is provided on the inner wall of the feeding chamber below the feeding device, and the negative pressure air vent is connected to a negative pressure fan through a negative pressure pipe. A shredder and a secondary crusher are connected in sequence below the feeding chamber. A first positive pressure air vent is provided on the secondary crusher, and the first positive pressure air vent is connected to a first positive pressure nitrogen fan through a first positive pressure pipe. A second positive pressure air vent is provided on the shredder, and the second positive pressure air vent is connected to a second positive pressure nitrogen fan through a second positive pressure pipe.

2. The continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding device includes a flap, which has the same width as the cross-section of the feeding chamber and a length greater than the cross-section of the feeding chamber. One end of the flap along its length is a fixed end and the other end is a movable end. The fixed end of the flap is rotatably connected to the feeding chamber via a flap shaft. The device also includes a flap mechanism. The flap mechanism includes a telescopic rod, the two ends of which are rotatably connected to the flap and the feeding chamber, respectively.

3. The continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic pole is a spring-loaded telescopic pole.

4. The continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic pole is a hydraulic telescopic pole, and the flap device also includes a gravity detection device, which is connected to the flap; the gravity detection device is electrically connected to the telescopic pole.

5. The continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The negative pressure air vent is located below the flap shaft.

6. The continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A filter screen is installed on the negative pressure air outlet.

7. The continuous crushing system for waste lithium batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Oxygen concentration detection devices are installed in the secondary crusher, shredder, and feed chamber.

Images