A welding fixture and welding apparatus

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of welding fixture and welding equipment, the equipment contains workpiece placing plate, its surface is equipped with multiple positioning holes for installing workpiece clamp. Between the bottom plate of workpiece clamp and T-shaped top plate, diagonal height adjusting piece is provided, by the rotation of screw in internal thread sleeve, realize T-shaped top plate height adjustment, to conform to the shape of special-shaped part. Clamping structure is composed of connecting rod articulated by T-shaped top plate, L-shaped arm and movable arm, and operating movable arm can drive L-shaped arm to rotate to clamp workpiece. In addition, the equipment is also equipped with welding robot, which is composed of rotating base, large arm, small arm, execution arm and laser welding gun, each part is connected through robot joint motor, and can move laser welding gun according to preset program and track to weld. The scheme can improve the adaptability of welding equipment to special-shaped part, and guarantee welding quality and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of welding fixture technology, specifically to a welding fixture and welding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the current welding manufacturing field, existing welding equipment and fixtures can basically meet production needs for welding regular-shaped workpieces. However, with the diversification of industrial design, the application of irregular-shaped parts is becoming increasingly widespread. Traditional welding fixtures are usually fixed structures designed for specific workpiece shapes, making it difficult to adapt to the complex and varied shapes of irregular-shaped parts. When welding irregular-shaped parts, because the fixture cannot fit well with the part, the workpiece is prone to shaking and displacement during the welding process, which affects the welding quality and leads to defects such as uneven welds and incomplete welds. The traditional solution is to use rubber blocks to elevate the fixture, which requires different thicknesses of blocks for different irregular-shaped parts. However, the thickness of the blocks is difficult to control to well adapt to the current irregular shapes. Therefore, those skilled in the art propose a solution for welding fixtures and welding equipment. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a technical solution for a welding fixture and welding equipment to address the shortcomings mentioned in the background art. To overcome the drawbacks and defects described in the background art, this technical solution includes the following:

[0004] A welding fixture comprises multiple workpiece fixtures, each workpiece fixture including a base plate, a T-shaped top plate located above the base plate, and an L-shaped arm hinged to the front side of the top of the T-shaped top plate. A connecting rod is hinged to the rear side of the top of the T-shaped top plate, and a movable arm is hinged to the bent section in the middle of the L-shaped arm. The end of the connecting rod away from the T-shaped top plate is hinged to the bottom of the middle section of the movable arm.

[0005] The base plate and the T-shaped top plate are diagonally positioned close to each other. The height adjustment component includes two internally threaded sleeves embedded inside the T-shaped top plate and the base plate, and a screw rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the internally threaded sleeve. An external hexagonal column is fixedly connected to one end of the screw that is close to each other.

[0006] A bolt is installed through the interior of each of the two opposite corners of the base plate away from the height adjustment component.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model: the vertical cross-section of the T-shaped top plate is an inverted T-shape, and a pivot pin for connecting the L-shaped arm and the connecting rod is passed through both the front and rear sides of the T-shaped top plate.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a pivot pin for connecting the L-shaped arm and the connecting rod is provided through both the middle and front sections of the movable arm.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model: a plastic handle sleeve is fixedly connected to the section of the movable arm away from the L-shaped arm and the connecting rod by an adhesive.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model: the outer ring surface of the screw is provided with threads, and the threads are arranged in a mirror image symmetrically, and the interior of the internal threaded sleeve is provided with threads that are compatible with the threads of the outer ring of the screw.

[0011] The invention also provides a welding device suitable for the welding fixture described above. The welding device includes a workpiece placement plate, a welding robot bolted to the top surface of the workpiece placement plate, and multiple positioning holes arranged in a linear array on the surface of the workpiece placement plate. The welding robot comprises a rotating base, a large arm, a small arm, an actuator arm, and a laser welding gun. The rotating base, large arm, small arm, and actuator arm are connected by robot joint motors. The bolts are locked to the top surface of the workpiece placement plate through the positioning holes.

[0012] The technical effects and advantages provided by this utility model in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0013] This technical solution features a workpiece placement plate with multiple positioning holes, facilitating flexible positioning and installation of the workpiece fixture and enhancing equipment applicability. The workpiece fixture utilizes height-adjustable components diagonally positioned between the base plate and the T-shaped top plate, employing a screw rotating within an internally threaded sleeve to achieve precise height adjustment. This allows for better fitting of irregularly shaped parts, meeting the welding requirements of various shapes. The clamping structure uses a movable arm driving an L-shaped arm to clamp the workpiece, ensuring convenient operation. The welding robot consists of a rotating base, a large arm, etc., with each joint driven by motors, enabling it to move the laser welding gun according to a preset program and trajectory for welding. The overall solution improves the welding equipment's adaptability to irregularly shaped parts and ensures welding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the combination of the welding fixture and the welding robot.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the welding equipment;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece fixture;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the height adjustment component inside the workpiece fixture.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0020] 1. Workpiece placement plate; 2. Workpiece clamp; 21. Base plate; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Movable arm; 24. L-shaped arm; 25. Rubber chuck; 26. T-shaped top plate; 27. Bolt; 3. Welding robot; 4. Height adjustment component; 4-1. Internal threaded sleeve; 4-2. Screw; 4-3. External hexagonal column; 5. Positioning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To provide a clearer explanation and illustration of the technical solution and implementation of this utility model, several preferred specific embodiments for implementing the technical solution of this utility model are described below. The following description is merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope, application, or use of this disclosure. It should be understood that in all these drawings, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar parts and features. The various drawings only schematically illustrate the concept and principle of the embodiments of this disclosure and do not necessarily show the specific dimensions and proportions of the various embodiments of this disclosure. The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model.

[0022] Example 1: A welding device includes a workpiece placement plate 1 with multiple positioning holes 5 arranged in a linear array on its surface. A welding robot 3 is bolted to the top of the workpiece placement plate 1. The welding robot 3 consists of a rotating base, a large arm, a small arm, an actuator arm, and a laser welding gun. The rotating base, large arm, small arm, and actuator arm are connected by robot joint motors. Multiple workpiece clamps 2 are also installed on the workpiece placement plate 1. Each workpiece clamp 2 includes a base plate 21. A bolt 27 is inserted through the two diagonally opposite corners of the base plate 21 away from the height adjustment component 4. The bolt 27 is locked to the top surface of the workpiece placement plate 1 through the positioning holes 5. A T-shaped top plate 26 is provided above the base plate 21. The vertical cross-section of the T-shaped top plate 26 is an inverted T-shape, and a pivot pin passes through its front and rear. An L-shaped arm 24 is hinged to the front of the top of the T-shaped top plate 26, and a connecting rod 22 is hinged to the rear of the top. The middle section of the L-shaped arm 24 is bent and hinged to a movable arm 23 via a pivot pin. Pivot pins for connecting the L-shaped arm 24 and the connecting rod 22 also pass through the middle and front sections of the movable arm 23. A plastic grip is fixedly connected to the section of the movable arm 23 away from the L-shaped arm 24 and the connecting rod 22 via adhesive. Two height adjustment components 4 are located diagonally opposite each other on the base plate 21 and the T-shaped top plate 26. Each height adjustment component 4 includes two internally threaded sleeves 4-1 embedded inside the T-shaped top plate 26 and the base plate 21, and a screw 4-2 rotatably disposed within the inner cavity of the internally threaded sleeves 4-1. The outer surface of the screw 4-2 is threaded, and the threads are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical configuration. The internal threaded sleeves 4-1 have threads that match the outer threads of the screw 4-2. An external hexagonal prism 4-3 is fixedly connected to one end of the screw 4-2 that is close to the other. When welding irregularly shaped parts, for higher positions, the external hexagonal column 4-3 is rotated to make the screw 4-2 rotate and rise within the internal threaded sleeve 4-1, thereby raising the height of the fixture at that position; for lower positions, the external hexagonal column 4-3 is rotated in the opposite direction to make the screw 4-2 descend, thereby lowering the height of the fixture at that position. This method eliminates the need to replace the shims and allows for accurate height control.

[0023] Example 2: The overall structure of the welding equipment in this example is similar to that in Example 1, also including a workpiece placement plate 1, a welding robot 3, and multiple workpiece clamps 2. Positioning holes 5 are evenly distributed on the workpiece placement plate 1, facilitating flexible adjustment of the position of the workpiece clamps 2 according to the size and shape of the workpiece. The base plate 21 of the workpiece clamp 2 is fixed to the workpiece placement plate 1 by bolts 27, and the T-shaped top plate 26 is connected to the base plate 21 via a height adjustment component 4. The internal threaded sleeve 4-1 of the height adjustment component 4 fits tightly with the screw 4-2. When adjusting the height, a wrench is used to clamp and rotate the external hexagonal column 4-3, causing the screw 4-2 to move smoothly within the internal threaded sleeve 4-1, thus adjusting the height of the T-shaped top plate 26 relative to the base plate 21. The linkage structure consisting of the L-shaped arm 24, connecting rod 22, and movable arm 23 allows the operator to easily control the opening and closing of the L-shaped arm 24 by holding the plastic handle on the movable arm 23, thereby clamping or releasing irregularly shaped workpieces. During the welding process, the welding robot 3, according to a preset program, uses the coordinated movements of its rotating base, upper arm, lower arm, and actuator arm to accurately position the laser welding gun and weld the irregularly shaped workpiece fixed by the workpiece fixture 2. When encountering irregularly shaped workpieces of different shapes, the height adjustment component 4 on the corresponding workpiece fixture 2 can be adjusted to better fit the workpiece, ensuring welding quality.

[0024] Example 3: In this welding equipment, the workpiece placement plate 1 is made of metal with a rust-proof surface, and the edges of the positioning holes 5 are smooth and burr-free. The welding robot 3 is installed on one side of the workpiece placement plate 1, and the power of its laser welding gun can be adjusted according to the welding material and thickness. The workpiece clamps 2 are distributed in other areas of the workpiece placement plate 1 and are used to fix the irregular parts to be welded. When installing the workpiece clamps 2, the base plate 21 is first placed in a suitable position, and the bolts 27 are passed through the base plate 21 and initially fixed through the positioning holes 5. Then, according to the shape of the irregular part, the height of the T-shaped top plate 26 is adjusted by the height adjustment component 4. During adjustment, the wrench is placed on the external hexagonal column 4-3 and rotated clockwise or counterclockwise to make the screw 4-2 rise or fall in the internal threaded sleeve 4-1. Since the internal threaded sleeve 4-1 is embedded in the base plate 21 and the T-shaped top plate 26 respectively, the height of the T-shaped top plate 26 can be precisely adjusted. After the height is adjusted, the L-shaped arm 24 is clamped by operating the movable arm 23. During the welding process, the welding robot 3 moves along the set trajectory, and the laser welding gun welds the welding parts of the irregular part. Since the workpiece fixture 2 can be flexibly adjusted according to the height of the irregular part, the welding process is more stable and welding defects caused by unstable workpiece fixation are effectively avoided.

[0025] Based on the above-described preferred technical solution, the workflow of this technical solution is explained as follows:

[0026] First, the equipment is installed and prepared. The workpiece placement plate 1 is placed in a suitable working position and kept stable. Multiple positioning holes 5 are linearly arrayed on the surface of the workpiece placement plate 1 for the subsequent positioning and installation of the workpiece fixture 2. The welding robot 3 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the workpiece placement plate 1 at a suitable position using bolts. The welding robot 3 consists of a rotating base, a large arm, a small arm, an actuator arm, and a laser welding gun. The rotating base, large arm, small arm, and actuator arm are connected by robot joint motors. After installation, the welding robot 3 is debugged to ensure that the motors of each joint are connected. The machine operates normally, the laser welding gun can accurately emit laser light and the power can be adjusted normally; next, the workpiece fixture 2 is installed, and the base plate 21 of each workpiece fixture 2 is placed on the workpiece placement plate 1. A bolt 27 is installed through the two opposite corners of the base plate 21 away from the height adjustment component 4. The bolts 27 engage with the appropriate positioning holes 5 on the workpiece placement plate 1 to initially fix the base plate 21 to the workpiece placement plate 1; then, the height of the workpiece fixture 2 is adjusted according to the shape of the irregular part to be welded. For each workpiece fixture 2, its base plate 21 and T-shaped top plate 26 are close to each other at an angle of... Two height adjustment components 4 are diagonally arranged. Each height adjustment component 4 includes two internally threaded sleeves 4-1 embedded inside the T-shaped top plate 26 and the bottom plate 21, and a screw 4-2 rotatably disposed inside the internally threaded sleeve 4-1. An external hexagonal column 4-3 is fixedly connected to one end of the screw 4-2 that is close to the other. The outer surface of the screw 4-2 is threaded, and the threads are symmetrically arranged in a mirror image. The internal threads of the internally threaded sleeves 4-1 are provided with threads that match the threads of the outer ring of the screw 4-2. The operator uses a wrench or other tools to clamp the external hexagonal column 4-3 and rotate it. When the external hexagonal column 4-3 is rotated to make the screw 4-2 rotate and rise within the internal threaded sleeve 4-1, the height of the T-shaped top plate 26 relative to the bottom plate 21 can be adjusted to raise the workpiece clamp 2 corresponding to the higher position of the irregular part. When the external hexagonal column 4-3 is rotated in the opposite direction to make the screw 4-2 rotate and fall within the internal threaded sleeve 4-1, the height of the T-shaped top plate 26 relative to the bottom plate 21 can be adjusted to lower the workpiece clamp 2 corresponding to the lower position of the irregular part. In this way, the T-shaped top plate 26 of the workpiece clamp 2 can better fit the shape of the irregular part.

[0027] After height adjustment, the workpiece is clamped. A connecting rod 22 is hinged to the rear top of the T-shaped top plate 26. The vertical cross-section of the T-shaped top plate 26 is an inverted T-shape, and a pin for connecting the L-shaped arm 24 and the connecting rod 22 passes through both the front and rear sides of the T-shaped top plate 26. An L-shaped arm 24 is hinged to the front top of the T-shaped top plate 26. A movable arm 23 is hinged to the bent section of the middle of the L-shaped arm 24 via a pin. Pins for connecting the L-shaped arm 24 and the connecting rod 22 pass through the middle and front sections of the movable arm 23. The operator holds the section of the movable arm 23 away from the L-shaped arm 24 and the connecting rod 22. A plastic handle is fixed to the section of the movable arm 23 away from the L-shaped arm 24 and the connecting rod 22 by adhesive. By pulling or pushing the movable arm 23, the movable arm 23 rotates around its hinge point with the L-shaped arm 24 and the connecting rod 22, causing the L-shaped arm 24 to rotate around its hinge point with the T-shaped top plate. The hinge point 26 rotates, clamping the irregular part placed under the L-shaped arm 24. Then, the welding robot 3 is started to perform welding operations. The rotating base of the welding robot 3 begins to rotate, driving the upper arm, lower arm, actuator arm, and laser welding gun to move as a whole. Driven by the robot joint motors, the upper arm, lower arm, and actuator arm perform corresponding actions in sequence, so that the laser welding gun accurately reaches the part of the irregular part that needs to be welded. Then, the laser welding gun emits laser to weld the irregular part. During the welding process, the welding robot 3 moves according to the preset program and trajectory to ensure that all welding parts of the irregular part can be welded. After welding is completed, the operator operates the movable arm 23 again to release the L-shaped arm 24 and remove the welded irregular part from the workpiece fixture 2. If other irregular parts need to be welded, the above steps of installing the workpiece fixture 2, adjusting the height, clamping the workpiece, and welding operations are repeated.

[0028] The foregoing description only illustrates certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding fixture comprising a plurality of workpiece clamps (2), characterized in that: Each workpiece fixture (2) includes a base plate (21), a T-shaped top plate (26) located above the base plate (21), and an L-shaped arm (24) hinged to the front side of the top of the T-shaped top plate (26). A connecting rod (22) is hinged to the rear side of the top of the T-shaped top plate (26), and a movable arm (23) is hinged to the middle section of the L-shaped arm (24). The end of the connecting rod (22) away from the T-shaped top plate (26) is hinged to the bottom of the middle section of the movable arm (23). Two height adjustment components (4) are diagonally arranged between the base plate (21) and the T-shaped top plate (26) and are close to each other. The height adjustment component (4) includes two internally threaded sleeves (4-1) embedded in the T-shaped top plate (26) and the base plate (21), and a screw (4-2) rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the internally threaded sleeve (4-1). One end of the screw (4-2) close to each other is fixedly connected to an external hexagonal column (4-3).

2. A welding fixture according to claim 1, wherein: A bolt (27) is installed through the two other diagonals of the base plate (21) away from the height adjustment component (4).

3. A welding fixture as defined in claim 1, wherein: The vertical cross section of the T-shaped top plate (26) is an inverted T shape, and a pivot pin for connecting the L-shaped arm (24) and the connecting rod (22) passes through both the front and rear sides of the T-shaped top plate (26).

4. The welding fixture of claim 1, wherein: The middle and front sections of the movable arm (23) are each provided with a pivot pin for connecting the L-shaped arm (24) and the connecting rod (22).

5. The welding fixture of claim 1, wherein: The section of the movable arm (23) away from the L-shaped arm (24) and the connecting rod (22) is fixedly connected to a plastic handle sleeve by an adhesive.

6. The welding fixture of claim 1, wherein: The outer ring surface of the screw (4-2) is provided with threads, and the threads are arranged in a mirror image symmetrically. The inner thread sleeve (4-1) is provided with threads that are compatible with the outer ring threads of the screw (4-2).

7. A welding device, characterized in that: A welding fixture applicable to any one of claims 1-6, the welding equipment comprising a workpiece placement plate (1), a welding robot (3) fixedly connected to the top surface of the workpiece placement plate (1) by bolts, and a plurality of positioning holes (5) formed in a linear array on the surface of the workpiece placement plate (1).

8. The welding equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The welding robot (3) comprises a rotating base, a large arm, a small arm, an execution arm, and a laser welding gun. The rotating base, the large arm, the small arm, and the execution arm are connected by a robot joint motor. The bolt (27) is locked onto the top surface of the workpiece placement plate (1) through the positioning hole (5).

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