Single-walled carbon nanotube carbon gas pre-pyrolysis device
By using a combination of heater and arc discharge device in a vacuum chamber, the problem of low efficiency in the preparation of single-walled carbon nanotubes was solved, achieving efficient and high-quality production of single-walled carbon nanotubes, and enhancing the applicability and parameter controllability of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENYANG KEYOU VACUUM TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies for preparing single-walled carbon nanotubes have low efficiency, making it difficult to meet the market's demand for high-quality, high-volume production.
By using a heater and an arc discharge device inside a vacuum chamber, the carbon-containing gas is rapidly decomposed and the catalyst is rapidly sublimated into gaseous atoms through the dual effects of high temperature and arc discharge, which promotes the bonding of carbon atoms to form single-walled carbon nanotubes.
It significantly improves the preparation efficiency and product quality of single-walled carbon nanotubes, enhances the adaptability and flexibility of the equipment, and enables precise control of product parameters according to different application scenarios.
Smart Images
Figure CN224411417U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of preparation methods for single-walled carbon nanotubes, and in particular to a carbon gas preheating and decomposition device for single-walled carbon nanotubes. Background Technology
[0002] Carbon nanotubes, discovered in 1991, are a new member of the carbon family. They are the result of layered graphene curling, mainly composed of single to dozens of layers of coaxial cylindrical tubes with hexagonal carbon atoms. Their diameter ranges from a few tenths of a nanometer to tens of nanometers, while their length ranges from several to hundreds of micrometers. The layers maintain a fixed distance from each other, and they are classified into multi-walled carbon nanotubes and single-walled carbon nanotubes based on the number of carbon atom layers in the tube wall.
[0003] Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SUVs) exhibit extremely high electron and hole mobilities and possess excellent electronic, mechanical, and other properties. Furthermore, variations in their atomic scale can alter their properties. This versatility makes SUVs potentially applicable in numerous fields, including high-mobility transistors, logic circuits, conductive thin films, field emission sources, infrared emitters, sensors, scanning probe tips, mechanical strength enhancement, solar cells, and catalyst supports.
[0004] Characteristics and advantages of single-walled carbon nanotubes: significant effects can be achieved with extremely low addition amounts; enhances the mechanical properties of materials; imparts uniform and permanent electrical conductivity to materials; maintains color, elasticity, and other key properties; and has extremely wide applicability.
[0005] The main methods for preparing single-walled carbon nanotubes currently include arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition.
[0006] Arc discharge method: An inert discharge gas (such as helium or argon) is filled into a reaction vessel, and carbon nanotubes are produced through the action of an electric arc. The advantages of this method are simple equipment, convenient operation, and high product quality; the disadvantage is that the cost is relatively high.
[0007] Laser ablation: Laser ablation involves focusing a high-energy laser beam onto a carbon target containing a catalyst, causing carbon atoms to evaporate and deposit onto the substrate to form carbon nanotubes. The advantage of this method is that it can produce high-quality single-walled carbon nanotubes; the disadvantage is its relatively high cost, making it unsuitable for large-scale production, although it can yield single-walled carbon nanotubes with good consistency.
[0008] Chemical vapor deposition (CVD): This method involves decomposing carbon-containing gases at high temperatures and growing carbon nanotubes in the presence of a catalyst. Its advantages include suitability for large-scale production and low cost; however, its disadvantages include a lower degree of graphitization and a lower proportion of single-walled carbon nanotubes, requiring further optimization.
[0009] Each method for preparing single-walled carbon nanotubes has its own advantages and disadvantages. The current goal is to find a method that can prepare single-walled carbon nanotubes with high quality and high yield to meet market application needs. Utility Model Content
[0010] The purpose of this invention is to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a carbon gas preheating and decomposition device for single-walled carbon nanotubes, which can solve the problem of low preparation efficiency of single-walled carbon nanotubes.
[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a single-walled carbon nanotube carbon gas preheating and decomposition device, comprising a vacuum chamber, wherein a carbon-containing gas inlet is installed at the inlet end of the vacuum chamber, a product outlet is fixedly installed at the exhaust end of the vacuum chamber, and a product collection container is installed at the end of the product outlet away from the vacuum chamber.
[0012] Preferably, a catalyst is placed inside the vacuum chamber, and an arc discharge device is fixedly installed on the top of the vacuum chamber, with the output end of the arc discharge device extending into the interior of the vacuum chamber.
[0013] Preferably, heaters are installed on both the outer wall of the carbon-containing gas inlet and the interior of the vacuum chamber.
[0014] Preferably, a method for preparing carbon gas from single-walled carbon nanotubes is characterized by the following steps: S1 Preparation: Select a clean vacuum chamber, configure a carbon gas inlet, a heater, an arc discharge device, a catalyst placement area, and a product outlet on the vacuum chamber, and prepare a product collection container.
[0015] S2 gas and catalyst treatment: Carbon-containing gas is introduced into the vacuum chamber through the inlet, while the catalyst is placed in the corresponding position;
[0016] S3 reaction process: The heater is turned on to generate a high-temperature environment, and the arc discharge device is started to discharge. Under the dual action of high temperature environment and arc discharge, carbon-containing gas is rapidly decomposed into carbon atoms, and the catalyst is rapidly sublimated into gaseous atoms. The gaseous catalyst atoms are in full contact with carbon atoms, which improves the bonding efficiency between carbon atoms and rapidly catalyzes the formation of single-walled carbon nanotubes.
[0017] S4 Product Collection: The single-walled carbon nanotubes generated in the reaction enter the product collection container through the product outlet to complete the collection process;
[0018] S5 parameter adjustment (optional step): During the preparation process, the growth rate of single-walled carbon nanotubes, the size of carbon nanotubes, the deposition purity, and the utilization rate of carbon-containing gas can be controlled by adjusting the heating temperature, catalyst composition, reaction time, arc gun discharge parameters, flow rate and pressure conditions of carbon-containing gas.
[0019] Preferably, the location and number of heaters and the number of arc discharge devices can be selected according to actual usage conditions.
[0020] Preferably, the heater can be placed outside the vacuum chamber, inside the vacuum chamber, or both inside and outside the chamber; the arc discharge device can be a single arc gun or multiple arc guns.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0022] 1. This single-walled carbon nanotube carbon gas pre-pyrolysis device improves preparation efficiency: Based on the traditional chemical vapor deposition method, a heater and an arc discharge device are added, so that the carbon-containing gas decomposes under the dual action of high temperature and arc discharge, which accelerates the decomposition of carbon-containing gas and catalyst into atoms. Compared with the traditional method, under the same carbon-based gas flow rate, more and faster single-walled carbon nanotubes can be produced, which greatly improves the preparation efficiency of single-walled carbon nanotubes and effectively solves the problem of low yield of high-quality single-walled carbon nanotubes.
[0023] 2. The single-walled carbon nanotube carbon gas preheating and decomposition device optimizes product quality: the catalyst directly sublimates into gaseous atoms through arc discharge, which can fully contact carbon atoms, improve the bonding efficiency and catalytic efficiency between carbon atoms, help to prepare single-walled carbon nanotubes of higher quality, improve the deposition purity of the product, reduce the mixing of impurities, and make single-walled carbon nanotubes more advantageous in performance.
[0024] 3. This single-walled carbon nanotube carbon gas preheating and decomposition device enhances the adaptability of the equipment: the position and number of heaters and the number of arc discharge devices can be selected in various ways, forming a variety of arrangements and combinations. For example, the heaters can be placed outside the vacuum chamber, inside the vacuum chamber, or both inside and outside the chamber. The arc discharge devices can be single arc guns or multiple arc guns. The equipment can be flexibly configured according to different usage conditions to meet diverse production needs and enhance the applicability and flexibility of the device.
[0025] 4. The single-walled carbon nanotube carbon gas preheating and decomposition device achieves controllable parameters: by adjusting the heating temperature, catalyst composition, reaction time, arc gun discharge parameters, and the flow rate and pressure of carbon-containing gas, the growth rate and size of single-walled carbon nanotubes can be precisely controlled. It can also effectively regulate the utilization rate of carbon-containing gas, thereby improving the utilization rate of raw materials and producing single-walled carbon nanotube products that meet specific requirements according to different application scenarios. Attached Figure Description
[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the external cavity single-heating single-arc gun of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the intracavity single-heating single-arc gun of this utility model;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the dual-heating single-arc gun with external and internal cavity heating according to this utility model;
[0030] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the intracavity dual-heating single-arc gun of this utility model;
[0031] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the single-heating multi-arc gun of this utility model;
[0032] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the dual-heating multi-arc gun of this utility model.
[0033] Reference numerals: 1. Vacuum chamber; 2. Carbon gas inlet; 3. Catalyst; 4. Arc discharge device; 5. Heater; 6. Product outlet; 7. Product collection container. Detailed Implementation
[0034] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model. The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present utility model, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0036] In the description of this utility model, terms such as greater than, less than, and exceeding are understood to exclude the stated number, while terms such as above, below, and within are understood to include the stated number. The use of terms like "first" and "second" is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the quantity or sequence of the indicated technical features.
[0037] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.
[0038] Please see Figure 1-6This utility model provides a technical solution: a single-walled carbon nanotube carbon gas preheating and decomposition device, including a vacuum chamber 1, a carbon gas inlet 2 installed at the inlet end of the vacuum chamber 1, a product outlet 6 fixedly installed at the exhaust end of the vacuum chamber 1, and a product collection container 7 installed at the end of the product outlet 6 away from the vacuum chamber 1.
[0039] The vacuum chamber 1 contains a catalyst 3, and an arc discharge device 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the vacuum chamber 1. The output end of the arc discharge device 4 extends into the vacuum chamber 1.
[0040] Heaters 5 are installed on the outer wall of the carbon gas inlet 2 and inside the vacuum chamber 1;
[0041] Furthermore, the preparation method described in this utility model can be configured with a heater, or an arc discharge device can be added simultaneously. The position and number of heaters and the number of arc discharge devices can also be selected differently, thus allowing for various arrangements and combinations;
[0042] Working principle: Carbon-containing gases (such as methane, acetylene, etc.) enter the vacuum chamber through the inlet. Under the combined effects of high temperature and electric arc discharge, they rapidly decompose into carbon atoms. Catalysts (such as iron, nickel, etc.) also rapidly sublimate into gaseous atoms under the combined effects of high temperature and electric arc discharge, and come into full contact with carbon atoms, rapidly catalyzing the formation of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Finally, the nanotubes are collected into the product container through the outlet.
[0043] Furthermore, a method for preparing carbon gas from single-walled carbon nanotubes includes the following steps: S1 Preparation: Select a clean vacuum chamber, and configure a carbon gas inlet, heater, arc discharge device, catalyst placement area, and product outlet on the vacuum chamber, and prepare a product collection container. The position and number of heaters and the number of arc discharge devices can be selected according to the actual usage conditions. For example, the heaters can be placed outside the vacuum chamber, inside the vacuum chamber, or both inside and outside the chamber. The arc discharge device can be a single arc gun or multiple arc guns.
[0044] S2 gas and catalyst treatment: Carbon-containing gases (such as methane and acetylene) are introduced into the vacuum chamber through the inlet, while catalysts (such as iron and nickel) are placed in the corresponding positions;
[0045] S3 reaction process: The heater is turned on to generate a high-temperature environment, and the arc discharge device is started to discharge. Under the dual action of high temperature environment and arc discharge, carbon-containing gas is rapidly decomposed into carbon atoms, and the catalyst is rapidly sublimated into gaseous atoms. The gaseous catalyst atoms are in full contact with carbon atoms, which improves the bonding efficiency between carbon atoms and rapidly catalyzes the formation of single-walled carbon nanotubes.
[0046] S4 Product Collection: The single-walled carbon nanotubes generated in the reaction enter the product collection container through the product outlet to complete the collection process;
[0047] S5 parameter adjustment (optional step): During the preparation process, the growth rate of single-walled carbon nanotubes, the size of carbon nanotubes, the deposition purity and the utilization rate of carbon-containing gas can be controlled by adjusting the heating temperature, catalyst composition, reaction time, arc gun discharge parameters, flow rate and pressure conditions of carbon-containing gas.
[0048] Furthermore, this scheme improves the preparation efficiency: based on the traditional chemical vapor deposition method, a heater and an arc discharge device are added, so that the carbon-containing gas decomposes under the dual action of high temperature and arc discharge, which accelerates the decomposition of carbon-containing gas and catalyst into atoms. Compared with the traditional method, under the same carbon-based gas flow rate, more and faster single-walled carbon nanotubes can be produced, which greatly improves the preparation efficiency of single-walled carbon nanotubes and effectively solves the problem of low yield of high-quality single-walled carbon nanotubes.
[0049] Furthermore, this scheme optimizes product quality: the catalyst sublimates directly into gaseous atoms through arc discharge, which can fully contact carbon atoms, improve the bonding efficiency and catalytic efficiency between carbon atoms, help to prepare higher quality single-walled carbon nanotubes, improve the deposition purity of the product, reduce impurity contamination, and make single-walled carbon nanotubes more advantageous in performance.
[0050] Furthermore, the solution enhances the adaptability of the equipment: the position and number of heaters and the number of arc discharge devices have multiple options, which can form a variety of arrangements and combinations. For example, the heaters can be placed outside the vacuum chamber, inside the vacuum chamber, or both inside and outside the chamber at the same time. The arc discharge devices can be single arc guns or multiple arc guns. The equipment can be flexibly configured according to different usage conditions to meet diverse production needs and enhance the applicability and flexibility of the equipment.
[0051] Furthermore, this scheme achieves parameter controllability: by adjusting factors such as heating temperature, catalyst composition, reaction time, arc gun discharge parameters, and the flow rate and pressure of carbon-containing gas, the growth rate and size of single-walled carbon nanotubes can be precisely controlled. It can also effectively regulate the utilization rate of carbon-containing gas, thereby improving the utilization rate of raw materials and producing single-walled carbon nanotube products that meet specific requirements according to different application scenarios.
[0052] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A single-walled carbon nanotube carbon gas pre-pyrolysis device comprising a vacuum chamber (1), characterized in that: The vacuum chamber (1) is equipped with a carbon gas inlet (2) at the inlet end and a product outlet (6) is fixedly installed at the exhaust end of the vacuum chamber (1). A product collection container (7) is installed at the end of the product outlet (6) away from the vacuum chamber (1).
2. The single-walled carbon nanotube carbon gas preheating and decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum chamber (1) contains a catalyst (3), and an arc discharge device (4) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the vacuum chamber (1). The output end of the arc discharge device (4) extends into the interior of the vacuum chamber (1).
3. The single-walled carbon nanotube carbon gas preheating and decomposition device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Heaters (5) are installed inside both the carbon gas inlet (2) and the vacuum chamber (1).
4. The single-walled carbon nanotube carbon gas preheating and decomposition device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The location and number of heaters (5) and the number of arc discharge devices (4) can be selected according to actual usage conditions.
5. The single-walled carbon nanotube carbon gas preheating and decomposition device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heater (5) can be placed outside the vacuum chamber, inside the vacuum chamber, or both inside and outside the chamber; the arc discharge device (4) can be a single arc gun or multiple arc guns.