A ladder for foundation pit staggered bench

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of building construction, especially relates to a ladder for foundation pit staggered bench, including pull -out type folding ladder, pull -out type folding ladder includes two U type guide rails, has been seted up two slide holes on U type guide rail side, still include ladder body, ladder body includes two groups of support rod, is hinged a plurality of step board between support rod, U type guide rail is fixed on the bottom plate of a dolly, and the bottom plate four corners are equipped with the trundle with the truckle, when the ladder body is pulled out and uses, the front end of four support rods all is in the horizontal state, and four support rods are fixed together through bolt and horizontal support plate, and the horizontal support plate extends out support rod to the front. The ladder of the application can be folded and stored, and the folding and unfolding is simple, and manual moving is not needed, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the construction efficiency is improved, the folding and unfolding is not only quick, but also convenient to move, and the ladder can be moved frequently under the condition that the construction site on the staggered bench changes constantly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of building construction, and specifically relates to a ladder for staggered foundation pits. Background Technology

[0002] The foundation pad is a layer located between the hollow reinforced concrete foundation and the subgrade soil, its main function being to provide a flat surface. The base slab, a concrete slab poured after the foundation pit is excavated and the foundation pad is constructed, forms the bottom of the foundation and serves to transfer and distribute loads. Before the base slab concrete is poured, the base slab reinforcement must be tied. After the base slab reinforcement is tied, a step of approximately 1.5m is formed between the foundation pad and the base slab reinforcement. Workers need to repeatedly work on the base slab reinforcement for other procedures, therefore ladders are required to climb the step. Currently, some construction sites use prefabricated ladders, while others use temporary ladders tied to scaffolding pipes. However, due to constantly changing work locations, the ladders need to be moved frequently, increasing the workers' labor intensity and reducing construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a ladder for foundation pit misalignment.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a ladder for staggered foundation pits, comprising a pull-out folding ladder, the pull-out folding ladder comprising two parallel U-shaped guide rails, with two horizontal sliding holes on the sides of the U-shaped guide rails, and a ladder body comprising two sets of support rods, with several steps hinged between the two sets of support rods via hinge shafts, wherein the hinge shaft on the last step has an enlarged head after passing through the sliding hole. When the support rods are in a horizontal state, the support rods can slide into the U-shaped guide rails, and the steps are located between the two U-shaped guide rails. The U-shaped guide rails are fixed to the base plate of a trolley, and the base plate has casters with braking function at the four corners. Each support rod has a threaded hole on its front end face. When the ladder body is pulled out for use, the front ends of the four support rods are in a horizontal state, and the four support rods are fixed together with a horizontal support plate by bolts passing through the threaded holes. The horizontal support plate extends forward to extend the support rods.

[0005] Furthermore, the front of the horizontal support plate is provided with several connecting holes, through which one side of the U-shaped pin passes and the other side of the U-shaped pin is inserted into the gap of the bottom plate reinforcement.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a pad, the width of which is less than the horizontal distance between the two support rods, the pad is provided with a hole corresponding to the connection hole, and the thickness of the pad is equal to the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal support plate and the upper surface of the bottom plate reinforcement.

[0007] Furthermore, the pad comprises plates of several thicknesses.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper surface of the horizontal support plate is provided with an anti-slip rubber layer.

[0009] Furthermore, push handles are provided on both the left and right sides of the trolley.

[0010] Furthermore, a baffle is fixed at the rear end of the U-shaped guide rail, and an inverted U-shaped locking plate is hinged to the middle of the upper part of the baffle. The inverted U-shaped locking plate can lock the last step plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the baffle and the inverted U-shaped card plate are hinged together.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner height of the U-shaped guide rail is equal to twice the thickness of the support rod, and the front of the U-shaped guide rail does not have an upper plate and a lower plate.

[0013] The ladder for the foundation pit staggered platform of the present invention is foldable and easy to store, requiring no manual handling, reducing the workload of workers and improving construction efficiency. It is not only quick to store and take out, but also easy to move, and can adapt to the situation where the construction location on the staggered platform changes frequently, requiring the ladder to be moved frequently. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side view structure of this embodiment;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall rear view structure of this embodiment;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the ladder body after it is retracted into the U-shaped slide rail in this embodiment;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ladder body retracting into the U-shaped slide rail in this embodiment.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slide rail structure in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper disassembled structure after the ladder body is pulled out in this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a partial enlarged structural diagram of the lower part of the ladder body after it has been pulled out in this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a partial enlarged structural diagram of the upper part of the ladder body in this embodiment.

[0022] In the diagram, 1 is a U-shaped guide rail, 2 is a sliding hole, 3 is a support rod, 4 is a hinge shaft, 5 is a step plate, 6 is an enlarged head, 7 is a base plate, 8 is a caster, 9 is a threaded hole, 10 is a bolt, 11 is a horizontal support plate, 12 is a connecting hole, 13 is a U-shaped pin, 14 is a push handle, 15 is a baffle, 16 is an inverted U-shaped clamping plate, and 17 is a hinge. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

[0024] This embodiment includes a pull-out folding ladder, which is widely used in daily life, such as the pull-out folding ladder hidden in a car. Existing pull-out folding ladders include two parallel U-shaped guide rails 1 on the left and right sides. Two horizontal sliding holes 2 are provided on the sides of the U-shaped guide rails 1, allowing the ladder body to be folded horizontally and stored between the two U-shaped guide rails 1. The ladder body includes two sets of support rods 3 on the left and right sides, each set consisting of two rods. The four support rods 3 are parallel to each other. Several step plates 5 are hinged between the two sets of support rods 3 via hinge shafts 4. The two opposite corners of the left and rear sides of each step plate 5 are hinged to two support rods 3 on the corresponding sides via hinge shafts 4. The support rods 3 and step plates 5 are rotatable. The hinge shaft 4, which connects the last step 5 to the support rod 3, passes through the sliding hole 2 of the U-shaped guide rail 1 and has an enlarged head 6. The enlarged head 6 is used to prevent the hinge shaft 4 on the last step 5 from disengaging from the sliding hole 2, thus keeping the ladder body connected to the U-shaped guide rail 1 and preventing the ladder body from slipping off the U-shaped guide rail 1. When the hinge shaft 4 at the last end of the lower support rod 3 slides to the front end of the lower sliding hole 2, the ladder body is fully pulled out, the step 5 is in a horizontal state, and the ladder body is in a usable state. When the four support rods 3 rotate to a horizontal state, the support rods 3 can slide into the U-shaped guide rail 1, that is, the two support rods 3 on the same side can be stored in the corresponding side of the U-shaped guide rail 1. As the hinge shaft 4 at the last end slides backward along the sliding hole 2, the support rods 3 can gradually slide backward into the U-shaped guide rail 1. At this time, the step 5 is located between the two U-shaped guide rails 1, and the entire ladder is folded and stored into a flat state. In this embodiment, the inner height of the U-shaped guide rail 1 is preferably twice the thickness of the support rod 3. This way, when the support rod 3 rotates to a horizontal position, the two support rods 3 on the same side can just enter the interior of the U-shaped guide rail 1, providing a certain degree of restraint on the pulling out of the support rod 3. In this case, to avoid hindering the unfolding of the ladder body after it is pulled out, it is preferable that the front of the U-shaped guide rail 1 does not have an upper and lower plate; that is, the front of the U-shaped guide rail 1 is only a vertical plate. The above-mentioned pull-out folding ladder is a known component, and its structure and principle will not be further described here.

[0025] The improvement in this embodiment lies in fixing the U-shaped guide rails 1 on both sides to the base plate 7 of a trolley. The front end of the U-shaped guide rail 1 can extend forward a short section beyond the base plate 7, for example, 3-5cm beyond the base plate. Casters 8 with braking function are provided at the four corners of the base plate 7 to stop the trolley. Threaded holes 9 are provided on the front face of each of the four support rods 3. The front face of the four support rods 3 is inclined. When the ladder body is pulled out for use, the front face of the four support rods 3 is in a horizontal state. At this time, the four support rods 3 are fixed together to a horizontal support plate 11 by bolts 10 passing through the threaded holes 9. The horizontal support plate 11 fixes the four support rods 3 together, and the horizontal support plate 11 extends forward beyond the support rods 3. The extended part of the horizontal support plate 11 overlaps the upper surface of the bottom plate reinforcement. To further ensure structural stability, it is preferable to have several connecting holes 12 at the front of the horizontal support plate 11. U-shaped pins 13 are inserted into the connecting holes 12, with one side of the U-shaped pin 13 passing through the connecting hole 12 and the other side inserted into the gap of the bottom plate reinforcement. The U-shaped pins 13 are used to connect the horizontal support plate 11 and the bottom plate reinforcement together, preventing the horizontal support plate 11 from shifting forward or backward. Preferably, the upper surface of the horizontal support plate 11 is provided with an anti-slip rubber layer.

[0026] During construction, the misalignment height between the foundation pit cushion layer and the bottom slab reinforcement is generally fixed, usually 1.5m. Therefore, the pull-out folding ladder can be set according to the misalignment height to match it. Alternatively, the pull-out folding ladder can be designed to be slightly higher. In this case, a pad can be used to fill the gap between the horizontal support plate 11 and the upper surface of the bottom slab reinforcement. The pad is not shown in this embodiment. The pad is a rectangular plate, and its width is less than the horizontal distance between the two support rods 3. The pad has a insertion hole corresponding to the connection hole 12. The U-shaped pin 13 can pass downward through the connection hole 12 of the horizontal support plate 11 and the insertion hole of the pad. The pad is placed below the horizontal support plate 11, and the thickness of the pad is equal to the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal support plate 11 and the upper surface of the bottom slab reinforcement. Multiple pads of different thicknesses can be made to accommodate different gaps between the lower surface of the horizontal support plate 11 and the upper surface of the bottom slab reinforcement.

[0027] To facilitate pushing the trolley, push handles 14 are preferably provided on both the left and right sides of the trolley. To prevent the support rod 3 from sliding out of the U-shaped guide rail 1 when pushing the trolley, a baffle 15 is preferably fixed at the rear end of the U-shaped guide rail 1, and the baffle 15 connects the two sides of the U-shaped guide rail 1. An inverted U-shaped locking plate 16 is hinged to the middle of the upper end of the baffle 15 by a hinge 17. The inverted U-shaped locking plate 16 can lock the last step plate 5, limiting the last step plate 5, thereby preventing the support rod 3 from sliding in the U-shaped guide rail 1.

[0028] During construction, push the trolley to the front of the platform, rotate the inverted U-shaped clamp 16 backward to release the restriction of the inverted U-shaped clamp 16 on the last step plate 5, and then pull the front end of the support rod 3 forward and upward. When the hinge shaft 4 on the lower support rod 3 slides to the front end of the sliding hole 2, pull it upward to make the step plate 5 horizontal. At the same time, the front ends of the four support rods 3 are all horizontal, and the ladder body is in use. At this time, fix the horizontal support plate 11 to the four support rods 3 with bolts 10, and then push the trolley forward to make the front part of the horizontal support plate 11 overlap with the bottom plate reinforcement, that is, make the lower surface of the front part of the horizontal support plate 11 abut against the upper surface of the bottom plate reinforcement. If the horizontal support plate 11 is slightly higher than the bottom plate reinforcement, a shim of appropriate thickness can be inserted between the horizontal support plate 11 and the bottom plate reinforcement. Then, insert the pins on both sides of the U-shaped pin 13 into the connecting holes 12 at the front of the horizontal support plate 11 and the gaps in the bottom plate reinforcement, respectively. Then, the casters 8 are braked to prevent the trolley from moving. At this point, stepping on the bottom plate 7 and stepping on the step plate 5, one can climb onto the bottom plate reinforcement to carry out other work. Since the height of the ramp is low, there is no need to install guardrails on both sides of the ladder body. When the ladder body needs to be moved after use, simply pull out the U-shaped pin 13 and push the trolley to move the position. After use, pull out the U-shaped pin 13, unscrew the bolts 10, remove the horizontal support plate 11, and then rotate the support rod 3 downwards to rotate the ladder body to a horizontal position. Then push the support rod 3 backwards to slide the two support rods 3 into the two U-shaped guide rails 1 respectively, and retract the ladder body into the U-shaped guide rails 1. Finally, rotate the inverted U-shaped clamping plate 16 to lock the last step plate 5. At this point, the trolley can be pushed to move the ladder. The entire construction process does not require manual movement of the ladder.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ladder for a foundation pit with staggered steps, comprising a pull-out folding ladder, the pull-out folding ladder comprising two parallel U-shaped guide rails (1) on the left and right, the U-shaped guide rails (1) having two horizontal sliding holes (2) on their sides, and a ladder body comprising two sets of support rods (3) on the left and right, the two sets of support rods (3) being hinged together by a hinge shaft (4) to a number of steps (5), wherein the hinge shaft (4) on the last step (5) passes through the sliding hole (2) and has an enlarged head (6), when the support rods (3) are in a horizontal state, the support rods (3) can slide into the U-shaped guide rails (1), and the steps (5) are located between the two U-shaped guide rails (1), characterized in that: The U-shaped guide rail (1) is fixed on the base plate (7) of a trolley. The base plate (7) has casters (8) with brake function at the four corners. The front end face of the support rod (3) is provided with threaded holes (9). When the ladder body is pulled out for use, the front end face of the four support rods (3) is in a horizontal state. The four support rods (3) are fixed together with the horizontal support plate (11) by bolts (10) passing through the threaded holes (9). The horizontal support plate (11) extends forward out of the support rods (3).

2. The ladder for foundation pit staggered steps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal support plate (11) has several connecting holes (12) at the front. One side of the U-shaped pin (13) is inserted through the connecting hole (12), and the other side of the U-shaped pin (13) is inserted into the gap of the bottom plate reinforcement.

3. The ladder for misaligned foundation pits according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a pad plate, the width of which is less than the horizontal distance between the two support rods (3), the pad plate is provided with a hole corresponding to the connection hole (12), and the thickness of the pad plate is equal to the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal support plate (11) and the upper surface of the bottom plate reinforcement.

4. The ladder for misaligned foundation pits according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pad includes plates of several thicknesses.

5. The ladder for foundation pit staggered sections according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the horizontal support plate (11) is provided with an anti-slip rubber layer.

6. The ladder for misaligned foundation pits according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The trolley is equipped with push handles (14) on both the left and right sides.

7. The ladder for misaligned foundation pits according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The U-shaped guide rail (1) has a baffle (15) fixed at its rear end. An inverted U-shaped clamp (16) is hinged to the middle of the upper end of the baffle (15). The inverted U-shaped clamp (16) can hold the last step plate (5).

8. The ladder for misaligned foundation pits according to claim 7, characterized in that: The baffle (15) and the inverted U-shaped card plate (16) are hinged together by a hinge (17).

9. The ladder for uneven foundation pits according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner height of the U-shaped guide rail (1) is equal to twice the thickness of the support rod (3), and the front of the U-shaped guide rail (1) does not have an upper plate and a lower plate.

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