Cabinet-type energy storage fire alarm linkage device

Abstract

This utility model relates to a fire-fighting linkage device for cabinet-type energy storage, including a cabinet, battery modules, a BMS (Battery Management System), an EMS (Electronic Management System), and an aerosol fire suppression module. Multiple sets of battery modules are housed in battery compartments within the cabinet. Each battery module's battery box is equipped with a sensor-type explosion-proof valve. Each battery box contains a built-in fire suppression module. The aerosol fire suppression module is also located within the battery compartment. The sensor-type explosion-proof valve and the built-in fire suppression module are electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the BMS. The signal output terminal of the BMS is electrically connected to the aerosol fire suppression module and the EMS. This utility model eliminates the need for multiple sensors, such as smoke detectors, temperature detectors, and combustible gas sensors, in each battery module, significantly reducing the overall cost of the fire suppression components. It also facilitates the layout of other components within the cabinet, optimizes wiring routing, prevents false alarms that could lead to fire suppression systems erupting without thermal runaway, and avoids the possibility of misoperation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fire protection technology for cabinet-type energy storage equipment, and in particular to a fire linkage device for cabinet-type energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage cabinets are the basic units of energy storage equipment. They contain components such as battery modules, BMS (Battery Management System), EMS (Energy Management System), thermal management, and fire suppression systems. Multiple battery modules, typically lithium-ion batteries, are housed within the cabinet. Although lithium-ion battery technology has advanced rapidly, the risk of thermal runaway still exists during operation. Currently, fire suppression systems are used to extinguish thermal runaway battery packs within the cabinet. The BMS monitors voltage, current, and temperature in real time to prevent overcharging / over-discharging and extend battery life. The EMS coordinates charging and discharging strategies, supporting grid dispatch and demand response. Existing technologies typically include smoke detectors, temperature sensors, flammable gas sensors, and fire suppression modules within the cabinet. However, when a cell within a battery module experiences thermal runaway, the fire suppression response time within the cabinet is uncertain. Furthermore, false alarms from sensors can lead to fires erupting even without thermal runaway. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the existing energy storage cabinets that rely on smoke, temperature, and combustible gas sensors to determine the thermal runaway of battery modules, resulting in uncertain fire response times inside the cabinet and the risk of false alarms from these sensors causing fires to erupt inside the cabinet even without thermal runaway. This invention provides a fire-fighting linkage device for cabinet-type energy storage.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A cabinet-type energy storage fire alarm linkage device includes a cabinet, battery modules, a battery management system (BMS), an energy management system (EMS), and an aerosol fire suppression module. Multiple sets of battery modules are housed in battery compartments within the cabinet. Each battery module's battery box is equipped with a sensor-type explosion-proof valve. Each battery box contains a built-in fire suppression module. The aerosol fire suppression module is located within the battery compartment. The sensor-type explosion-proof valve and the built-in fire suppression module are electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the BMS. The signal output terminal of the BMS is electrically connected to the aerosol fire suppression module and the EMS.

[0006] In the above solution, the sensor-type explosion-proof valve is installed in an unobstructed location within the cabinet. This arrangement ensures that the battery module can effectively release pressure and prevent explosions through the sensor-type explosion-proof valve.

[0007] In the above scheme, the built-in fire suppression module is a high-temperature triggered built-in fire suppression module. With this configuration, when the battery module experiences thermal runaway, the built-in fire suppression module within the battery module can be triggered as the temperature rises, thus performing fire suppression on the thermally runaway battery module.

[0008] In the above scheme, the sensor-type explosion-proof valve and the built-in fire suppression module are located in close proximity. This arrangement ensures that when a battery module experiences thermal runaway, the increased pressure inside the battery triggers the sensor-type explosion-proof valve, while the increased temperature triggers the built-in fire suppression module. Positioning the sensor-type explosion-proof valve and the built-in fire suppression module in close proximity ensures that the triggering times of the two devices are similar. When both devices trigger, they send signals to the BMS. Upon receiving these two trigger signals, the BMS can determine that the battery module has experienced thermal runaway. The BMS then sends a signal to the aerosol fire suppression module inside the cabinet. The aerosol fire suppression module performs targeted fire suppression on the battery module experiencing thermal runaway, preventing the spread of thermal runaway within the cabinet.

[0009] In the above design, the aerosol fire suppression module is located in the center of the battery compartment. This arrangement facilitates fire suppression of each battery module within the compartment, effectively preventing the spread of thermal runaway within the cabinet.

[0010] This invention offers several advantages: Compared to existing energy storage cabinets, the fire-fighting linkage device for cabinet-type energy storage eliminates multiple sensors, such as smoke detectors, temperature detectors, and combustible gas sensors, in each battery module. This significantly reduces the overall cost of fire-fighting components and minimizes the number of internal components, facilitating the arrangement of other parts, optimizing wiring, and resulting in a more rational and aesthetically pleasing cabinet layout. Furthermore, when a battery cell in the cabinet experiences thermal runaway, the fire-fighting linkage device triggers the aerosol fire suppression module within the cabinet based on feedback signals from the sensor-type explosion-proof valve and the built-in fire suppression module to the BMS. This ensures a highly efficient fire response, prevents false alarms that could cause the fire suppression system to erupt without thermal runaway, and avoids the possibility of misoperation. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fire-fighting linkage device for cabinet-type energy storage according to this utility model.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery module of the fire-fighting linkage device for cabinet-type energy storage according to this utility model.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fire-fighting linkage device for cabinet-type energy storage according to this utility model.

[0014] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: Cabinet 1, Battery Module 2, BMS 3, EMS 4, Aerosol Fire Protection Module 5, Sensor-type Explosion-proof Valve 6, Built-in Fire Protection Module 7, Battery Compartment 8. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below through embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0016] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the fire-fighting linkage device for cabinet-type energy storage of this utility model includes a cabinet 1, a battery module 2, a BMS 3, an EMS 4, and an aerosol fire-fighting module 5.

[0017] BMS3 is a battery management system used to monitor voltage, current and temperature in real time to prevent overcharging / over-discharging and extend battery life.

[0018] EMS4 is an energy management system used to coordinate charging and discharging strategies and support grid dispatch and demand response. When thermal runaway occurs in the energy storage unit, the BMS sends a signal to the EMS, and the EMS responds accordingly.

[0019] The cabinet 1 can be an existing energy storage cabinet. The cabinet 1 has a battery compartment 8, and the battery compartment 8 has multiple battery modules 2 arranged in layers.

[0020] The cabinet 1 has a door on its front side, and the aerosol fire suppression module 5 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the door, corresponding to the middle position of the battery compartment 8. The aerosol fire suppression module 5 can be an existing aerosol fire suppression device. The aerosol fire suppression module 5 is connected to the signal output terminal of the BMS3, and the BMS3 controls the aerosol fire suppression module to start the fire suppression operation.

[0021] Each battery module 2 includes a battery box and battery cells housed within the battery box.

[0022] Each battery module 2 has a pressure relief hole on its battery box, and a sensor-type explosion-proof valve 6 is installed on the pressure relief hole. The sensor-type explosion-proof valve 6 needs to be installed in an unobstructed area inside the battery box to ensure that the sensor-type explosion-proof valve 6 can be sensitively triggered to start pressure relief when the air pressure inside the battery box rises to the set threshold.

[0023] The sensor-type explosion-proof valve 6 can be fixedly connected to one side wall of the battery box with screws.

[0024] The sensor of the sensor-type explosion-proof valve 6 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the BMS3. When the battery module 2 experiences thermal runaway, the gas pressure inside the battery compartment increases. When the gas pressure reaches the gas pressure threshold of the sensor-type explosion-proof valve 6, it will trigger the valve to release pressure. During pressure release, the sensor will send a signal to the BMS3. The gas pressure threshold can be set according to the operating requirements of the battery module 2, for example, it can be set to 4 kPa.

[0025] Each battery module 2 has a built-in fire suppression module 7 on its battery box. This module is a high-temperature triggered fire suppression module, and its trigger temperature can be set according to the energy storage cabinet's operating requirements, for example, to 170℃. When the temperature inside the battery module 2 rises to the set temperature, the built-in fire suppression module 7 is triggered, initiating fire suppression of the battery cells within the battery box and sending a signal to the BMS3. The built-in fire suppression module 7 can be selected as needed; for example, a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device can be used. During installation, the nozzle and temperature sensor of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device can be fixedly installed on the battery box of each battery module. The nozzle is connected to the storage container via a pipe, and the temperature sensor is connected to the controller. When the temperature inside the battery module reaches the trigger temperature, the controller controls the valve of the storage container to open, spraying the fire extinguishing medium into the battery module through the nozzle.

[0026] The built-in fire suppression module 7 can be fixedly connected to the pressure relief hole inside the battery box with screws. This arrangement allows the triggering time of the sensor-type explosion-proof valve 6 and the built-in fire suppression module 7 to be closer, ideally triggering simultaneously. After receiving the trigger signals from the sensor-type explosion-proof valve 6 and the built-in fire suppression module 7, the BMS3 can accurately determine that the battery module 2 has experienced thermal runaway. The BMS3 then sends a signal to the aerosol fire suppression module 5 in the energy storage cabinet 1. The aerosol fire suppression module 5 begins to extinguish the thermal runaway of the battery module 2, preventing the thermal runaway from spreading within the cabinet. This fire suppression linkage method improves the accuracy of fire suppression, prevents misoperation, and ensures immediate activation in the event of thermal runaway.

[0027] In order to facilitate fire protection of each battery module 2 in the battery compartment and effectively prevent the spread of thermal runaway in the cabinet 1, the aerosol fire protection module 5 is preferably located in the middle of the battery compartment.

[0028] It should be noted that in this utility model, the sensor-type explosion-proof valve 6 releases pressure by air pressure control, the built-in fire-fighting module 7 controls the fire extinguishing inside the battery module by temperature sensor, and the sensor-type explosion-proof valve 6 and the built-in fire-fighting module 7 send signals to the BMS after being triggered, and the BMS controls the aerosol fire-fighting module 5 to carry out fire-fighting treatment. The control program for these operations can adopt existing programs in the field. Therefore, this utility model does not involve the improvement of program methods and meets the protection requirements of the utility model.

[0029] Compared with existing energy storage cabinet fire protection equipment, the fire alarm linkage device of this utility model does not require the installation of multiple sensors such as smoke detectors, temperature detectors, and combustible gas sensors in each battery module inside the fire cabinet. This can greatly reduce the overall cost of fire protection components, and also reduce the number of layout components inside the cabinet, which is conducive to the arrangement of other components inside the cabinet, optimizes the wiring harness routing, and makes the layout inside the cabinet more rational and aesthetically pleasing.

[0030] The fire-fighting linkage device of this utility model for cabinet-type energy storage can trigger the aerosol fire-fighting module in the cabinet to extinguish fire when a cell in the battery module experiences thermal runaway, based on the feedback signal from the sensor-type explosion-proof valve and the built-in fire-fighting module to the BMS. This achieves a highly efficient fire-fighting response, prevents false alarms from causing the fire-fighting module in the cabinet to erupt without thermal runaway, and avoids the possibility of misoperation.

[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cabinet type energy storage fire-fighting linkage device, characterized in that: The system includes a cabinet, battery modules, a BMS (Battery Management System), an EMS (Electronic Management System), and an aerosol fire suppression module. Multiple battery modules are housed in battery compartments within the cabinet. Each battery module's battery box is equipped with a sensor-type explosion-proof valve. Each battery box contains a built-in fire suppression module. The aerosol fire suppression module is located within the battery compartment. The sensor-type explosion-proof valve and the built-in fire suppression module are electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the BMS. The signal output terminal of the BMS is electrically connected to the aerosol fire suppression module and the EMS.

2. The cabinet-type energy-stored fire-fighting linkage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor-type explosion-proof valve is installed in an unobstructed position inside the cabinet.

3. The fire-fighting linkage device for cabinet-type energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The built-in fire protection module is a high-temperature triggered built-in fire protection module.

4. The fire-fighting linkage device for cabinet-type energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor-type explosion-proof valve and the built-in fire-fighting module are located in close proximity.

5. The fire-fighting linkage device for cabinet-type energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aerosol fire suppression module is located in the middle of the battery compartment.

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