A fertilizer granulation exhaust gas dust removal device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of exhaust gas treatment technology and discloses a dust removal device for fertilizer granulation exhaust gas, including a dust collection box, a cyclone separator, a coarse particle collector, a water tank, a water pumping mechanism, a drainage mechanism, a wastewater discharge mechanism, an exhaust mechanism, a dust collection box, an atomizing spraying mechanism, a lifting drive mechanism, and an auxiliary dust removal mechanism. The cyclone separator is used for primary separation of the exhaust gas, and its first exhaust pipe extends into the dust collection box and is equipped with multiple exhaust units. The water pumping mechanism supplies water to the atomizing spraying mechanism and the dust collection box. The lifting drive mechanism can drive the auxiliary dust removal mechanism to move up and down within the dust collection box. The water mist sprayed by the atomizing spraying mechanism comes into contact with the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust units to achieve efficient dust removal. This utility model has the advantages of high dust removal efficiency, graded treatment, water resource recycling, and resistance to internal scaling and clogging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of exhaust gas treatment technology, specifically to a dust removal device for fertilizer granulation exhaust gas. Background Technology

[0002] During fertilizer granulation production, a large amount of exhaust gas containing dust, water vapor, and volatile components is generated. Direct emission of this gas will cause serious environmental pollution, so dust removal and purification treatment is necessary. Currently, common exhaust gas dust removal equipment includes cyclone dust collectors, bag filters, and wet scrubbing towers.

[0003] However, when applied to the specific condition of fertilizer granulation exhaust gas, existing technologies struggle to balance treatment efficiency and operational stability when using a single dust removal method. For example, cyclone dust collectors are effective at separating large dust particles but have low efficiency in capturing fine dust. While wet scrubbing towers offer high dust removal efficiency, their spray pipes are prone to clogging, and their internal components are easily scaled due to long-term exposure to dust-laden water vapor, making cleaning and maintenance extremely difficult. Furthermore, existing wet dust removal equipment generally wastes water resources, as spray water is discharged without being fully utilized, increasing wastewater treatment costs and operational burden. Additionally, when treating dust with a certain degree of stickiness or hygroscopicity, such as fertilizer exhaust gas, existing equipment tends to form wet mud-like clumps at the outlet, pipe inner walls, and spray area. This not only affects airflow distribution but can also, in severe cases, clog pipes, leading to increased system resistance and decreased dust removal efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a fertilizer granulation tail gas dust removal device that can classify and treat dust, has high dust removal efficiency, is not prone to internal clogging and scaling, and is easy to maintain has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dust removal device for fertilizer granulation exhaust gas, which has the advantages of high dust removal efficiency, graded treatment, water resource recycling and is not prone to internal scaling and clogging, thus solving the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A dust removal device for fertilizer granulation exhaust gas includes a dust collection box, a cyclone separator disposed outside the dust collection box, a coarse particle collector disposed at the bottom of the cyclone separator, a water tank fixed to the side wall of the dust collection box, a water pumping mechanism fixed to the side wall of the dust collection box and communicating with the water tank, a drainage mechanism fixed to the side wall of the dust collection box and communicating with the water tank, a wastewater discharge mechanism disposed on the side wall of the dust collection box, an exhaust mechanism fixed to the upper part of the side wall of the dust collection box, a dust collection box fixed to one side of the inner wall of the dust collection box, an atomizing spray mechanism disposed on the other side of the inner wall of the dust collection box, a lifting drive mechanism fixed to the upper end of the dust collection box, and an auxiliary dust removal mechanism disposed inside the dust collection box.

[0008] The cyclone separator has an air inlet on its side wall for receiving fertilizer granulation exhaust gas, and an ash discharge port at its bottom. A first exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the upper end of the cyclone separator, and the other end of the first exhaust pipe passes through the upper end of the dust collector and extends into the interior of the dust collector. Multiple exhaust units are fixedly connected to the first exhaust pipe at intervals along the axial direction. Each exhaust unit includes a second exhaust pipe, an inclined pipe, and a sixth valve body. A fourth valve body is provided on the second exhaust pipe, and a fifth valve body is provided on the inclined pipe. The inclined pipe is located between the sixth valve body and the fifth valve body. The sixth valve body is used to block or guide the downstream flow of air in the first exhaust pipe.

[0009] A horizontal pipe is fixed to the outlet end of the pumping mechanism. A seventh valve body and an eighth valve body are installed on the horizontal pipe. One of the outlet ends of the horizontal pipe is connected to the first diversion pipe fixed to the upper end of the dust collector box, and the other outlet end of the horizontal pipe is connected to the inlet end of the atomizing spray mechanism.

[0010] The output end of the lifting drive mechanism extends into the dust collection box and is connected to the auxiliary dust collection mechanism. There is a gap between the air outlet of the inclined tube and the atomizing spray mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the coarse particle collector is detachably connected to the bottom ash discharge port of the cyclone separator, and the coarse particles separated by the cyclone separator are discharged into the coarse particle collector through the ash discharge port.

[0012] It is worth noting that the coarse particle collector is designed to be detachable, which makes it easy for operators to remove and empty the collector periodically, thus enabling convenient recycling and treatment of coarse dust and reducing maintenance difficulty.

[0013] Preferably, the pumping mechanism includes a support block fixedly connected to the side wall of the dust collector, a first pump body fixedly connected to the upper end of the support block, a first pumping pipe fixedly connected to the pumping end of the first pump body, and an outlet pipe fixedly connected to the outlet end of the first pump body; the pumping end of the first pumping pipe is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the water tank, and the outlet end of the outlet pipe passes through the side wall of the dust collector and is fixedly connected to the horizontal pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the drainage mechanism includes a second pump body fixedly connected to the lower part of the side wall of the dust collector, a second water suction pipe fixedly connected to the liquid suction end of the second pump body, and a first valve body disposed on the second water suction pipe; the liquid suction end of the second water suction pipe is fixedly connected through to the lower part of the side wall of the water tank.

[0015] It is worth noting that the drainage mechanism allows the dust-laden wastewater at the bottom of the dust collector to be pumped back to the water tank for settling when the system is shut down or when water needs to be changed, thus achieving the recycling of the upper clear liquid and effectively saving water resources.

[0016] Preferably, the wastewater discharge mechanism includes a third pump body disposed outside the dust collector, a first fixed pipe fixedly connected to the liquid extraction end of the third pump body, a second fixed pipe fixedly connected to the liquid outlet end of the third pump body, and a third valve body disposed on the first fixed pipe; the liquid extraction end of the first fixed pipe is fixedly connected through to the lower part of the side wall of the dust collector.

[0017] It is worth noting that when the turbidity of the circulating water at the bottom of the dust collector is too high or there is too much sediment, the high-concentration wastewater can be discharged to the external treatment system through the wastewater discharge mechanism to avoid long-term circulation of wastewater leading to a decrease in dust removal efficiency or pipe blockage.

[0018] Preferably, the exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust pipe that is fixedly connected to the upper part of the side wall of the dust collector and a second valve body disposed on the exhaust pipe.

[0019] It is worth noting that the exhaust mechanism is located on the upper side wall of the dust collector, so that the clean gas, after being thoroughly washed by water mist, is naturally discharged from the exhaust pipe as it flows upward, which conforms to the fluid dynamics principle of gas-liquid separation and ensures the cleanliness of the discharged gas.

[0020] Preferably, the atomizing spray mechanism includes a vertical pipe fixedly connected to the other side of the inner wall of the dust collector, a plurality of atomizing nozzles fixedly connected to the vertical pipe, and a second diverter fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical pipe; the liquid inlet end of the second diverter is fixedly connected to the water outlet end of the horizontal pipe, and there is a gap between the air outlet end of the inclined pipe and the liquid spraying end of the atomizing nozzle.

[0021] It is worth noting that there is a gap between the gas outlet of the inclined tube and the liquid spraying end of the atomizing nozzle. When the dust-laden gas is ejected at high speed from the inclined tube, it will directly impact the water mist curtain generated by the atomizing nozzle, forming a strong gas-liquid mixing turbulence zone. Dust and water mist collide and condense violently in this zone, which greatly improves the collection efficiency of fine dust.

[0022] Preferably, the lifting drive mechanism includes an electric cylinder fixedly connected to the upper end of the dust collection box, the lower end of the output shaft of the electric cylinder passes through the dust collection box and is fixedly connected to a lifting block, and the lifting block is fixedly connected to the auxiliary dust collection mechanism.

[0023] Preferably, the dust collector box is open at one end near the center of the dust collector box. The auxiliary dust removal mechanism includes multiple lifting boxes that are slidably disposed on both sides of the inner wall of the dust collector box, and sliders fixedly connected to the side walls of the lifting boxes. The lifting boxes are open at one end near the center of the dust collector box. Two water flow channels are opened through the upper and lower ends of the lifting boxes. Two inclined plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lifting boxes. The two inclined plates are distributed in an inverted V-shape. A sliding groove is opened through one side of the dust collector box. The slider is slidably disposed in the sliding groove, and the side wall of the slider is fixedly connected to the lifting block.

[0024] It is worth noting that by setting up a lifting box and installing an inverted V-shaped inclined plate inside it, when the water flows from top to bottom, the inclined plate can guide the water flow to change direction, forming a multi-stage water curtain to block dust-laden gas or splashing mud entering from the opening of the lifting box, further capturing the escaping dust; at the same time, the lifting drive mechanism can drive the lifting box to move up and down reciprocally, using the water flow and gravity to self-clean the inside of the dust collection box, effectively preventing dust from accumulating and forming scale in dead corners.

[0025] Preferably, the seventh valve body on the horizontal pipe is located between the second branch pipe and the outlet pipe, and the eighth valve body is located between the first branch pipe and the outlet pipe.

[0026] It is worth noting that by independently controlling the seventh and eighth valve bodies, the water volume ratio entering the atomizing spray mechanism and the dust collection box can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual working conditions. This achieves decoupled control and coordinated operation of the two functions of spray dust removal and internal self-cleaning, ensuring dust removal efficiency and optimizing water resource allocation.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0028] 1. This utility model sets up a cyclone separator as the primary dust removal device and combines it with the atomizing spray mechanism in the dust removal box for deep dust removal, thereby realizing the graded treatment of dust and solving the problem of low efficiency of a single dust removal method. It also takes into account the efficient removal of coarse particles and fine dust.

[0029] 2. This utility model sets up an air outlet unit with an inclined tube and leaves a gap between the air outlet end of the inclined tube and the atomizing nozzle, so that the dust-laden gas impacts the water mist curtain at high speed to form a strong turbulent mixing zone, which effectively solves the problem of low fine dust collection efficiency. At the same time, the gap design avoids the spray water from flowing back into the air pipe and prevents pipe blockage.

[0030] 3. By setting up a drainage mechanism, this utility model can pump the dust-laden water at the bottom of the dust collector back to the water tank for sedimentation and reuse, which solves the problem of large water waste in existing wet dust collectors and realizes the internal circulation of water resources.

[0031] 4. This utility model solves the problem of easy scaling and clogging of internal components and difficult cleaning by setting an auxiliary dust removal mechanism with a lifting drive mechanism. It utilizes the multi-stage water curtain formed by the inclined plate inside the lifting box to intercept the airflow for a second time, and the lifting motion can flush the inside of the dust removal box with water. This improves the maintenance-free cycle and operational stability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 2The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the exhaust mechanism and wastewater discharge mechanism of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the dust collector box of this utility model.

[0035] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the first air outlet pipe and air outlet unit of this utility model.

[0036] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the pumping mechanism and the drainage mechanism of this utility model.

[0037] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a plan view of the atomizing liquid spraying mechanism of this utility model.

[0038] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the lifting drive mechanism and the auxiliary dust removal mechanism of this utility model.

[0039] Reference numerals: 1. Dust collector; 2. Cyclone separator; 3. Coarse particle collector; 4. Air inlet; 5. First air outlet pipe; 6. Water tank; 7. Pumping mechanism; 701. Support block; 702. First pump body; 703. First water suction pipe; 704. Water outlet pipe; 8. Drainage mechanism; 801. Second pump body; 802. Second water suction pipe; 803. First valve body; 9. Exhaust mechanism; 901. Exhaust pipe; 902. Second valve body; 10. Third pump body; 11. First fixed pipe; 12. ... 13. Fixed pipe; 14. Third valve body; 15. Dust collector box; 16. Lifting box; 17. Water flow channel; 18. Inclined plate; 19. Slide groove; 10. Sliding block; 11. Second air outlet pipe; 22. Fourth valve body; 23. Inclined pipe; 24. Fifth valve body; 25. Sixth valve body; 26. Horizontal pipe; 27. Seventh valve body; 28. Eighth valve body; 29. ​​First diversion pipe; 20. Vertical pipe; 21. Atomizing nozzle; 22. Second diversion pipe; 23. Electric cylinder; 24. Lifting block. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0041] To address the problems of existing dust removal technologies, such as limited dust removal methods, low efficiency, difficulty in capturing fine dust, water waste, and easy internal clogging and scaling, the following technical solution is proposed. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figures 1-7 ;

[0042] A dust removal device for fertilizer granulation exhaust gas includes a dust collection box 1, a cyclone separator 2 disposed outside the dust collection box 1, a coarse particle collector 3 disposed at the bottom of the cyclone separator 2, a water tank 6 fixed to the side wall of the dust collection box 1, a water pumping mechanism 7 fixed to the side wall of the dust collection box 1 and communicating with the water tank 6, a drainage mechanism 8 fixed to the side wall of the dust collection box 1 and communicating with the water tank 6, a wastewater discharge mechanism disposed on the side wall of the dust collection box 1, an exhaust mechanism 9 fixed to the upper part of the side wall of the dust collection box 1, a dust collection box 14 fixed to one side of the inner wall of the dust collection box 1, an atomizing spray mechanism disposed on the other side of the inner wall of the dust collection box 1, a lifting drive mechanism fixed to the upper end of the dust collection box 1, and an auxiliary dust removal mechanism disposed inside the dust collection box 14.

[0043] In this embodiment, specifically, the side wall of the cyclone separator 2 is provided with an air inlet 4 for receiving the tail gas from fertilizer granulation, the bottom of the cyclone separator 2 is provided with an ash discharge port, and the upper end of the cyclone separator 2 is connected to a first air outlet pipe 5 through a through-hole. The other end of the first air outlet pipe 5 passes through the upper end of the dust collector 1 and extends into the interior of the dust collector 1. Multiple sets of air outlet units are fixedly connected to the first air outlet pipe 5 at intervals along the axial direction. Each set of air outlet units includes a second air outlet pipe 15, an inclined pipe 17, and a sixth valve body 19. A fourth valve body 16 is provided on the second air outlet pipe 15, and a fifth valve body 18 is provided on the inclined pipe 17. The inclined pipe 17 is located between the sixth valve body 19 and the fifth valve body 18. The sixth valve body 19 is used to block or guide the downstream flow of the airflow in the first air outlet pipe 5.

[0044] In this embodiment, specifically, a horizontal pipe 20 is fixedly connected to the liquid outlet end of the pumping mechanism 7. A seventh valve body 21 and an eighth valve body 22 are provided on the horizontal pipe 20. One of the water outlet ends of the horizontal pipe 20 is connected to the first diversion pipe 23 fixedly connected to the upper end of the dust removal box 14, and the other water outlet end of the horizontal pipe 20 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the atomizing spraying mechanism.

[0045] In this embodiment, specifically, the output end of the lifting drive mechanism extends into the dust collection box 1 and is connected to the auxiliary dust collection mechanism for transmission, and there is a gap between the air outlet end of the inclined tube 17 and the atomizing spray mechanism.

[0046] In this embodiment, specifically, the coarse particle collector 3 is detachably connected to the bottom ash discharge port of the cyclone separator 2 via a flange and bolts, which facilitates disassembly and cleaning.

[0047] In this embodiment, specifically, the pumping mechanism 7 includes a support block 701 fixedly connected to the side wall of the dust collector 1, a first pump body 702 fixedly connected to the upper end of the support block 701, a first pumping pipe 703 fixedly connected to the pumping end of the first pump body 702, and an outlet pipe 704 fixedly connected to the outlet end of the first pump body 702; the pumping end of the first pumping pipe 703 is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the water tank 6, and the outlet end of the outlet pipe 704 passes through the side wall of the dust collector 1 and is fixedly connected to the horizontal pipe 20.

[0048] In this embodiment, specifically, the drainage mechanism 8 includes a second pump body 801 fixedly connected to the lower part of the side wall of the dust collector 1, a second water pumping pipe 802 fixedly connected to the liquid pumping end of the second pump body 801, and a first valve body 803 disposed on the second water pumping pipe 802; the liquid pumping end of the second water pumping pipe 802 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the side wall of the water tank 6 through the pipe.

[0049] In this embodiment, specifically, the wastewater discharge mechanism includes a third pump body 10 disposed outside the dust collector 1, a first fixed pipe 11 fixedly connected to the liquid extraction end of the third pump body 10, a second fixed pipe 12 fixedly connected to the liquid outlet end of the third pump body 10, and a third valve body 13 disposed on the first fixed pipe 11; the liquid extraction end of the first fixed pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the side wall of the dust collector 1 through.

[0050] In this embodiment, specifically, the exhaust mechanism 9 includes an exhaust pipe 901 that is fixedly connected to the upper part of the side wall of the dust collector 1 and a second valve body 902 disposed on the exhaust pipe 901.

[0051] In this embodiment, specifically, the atomizing spray mechanism includes a vertical pipe 24 fixedly connected to the other side of the inner wall of the dust collector 1, a plurality of atomizing nozzles 25 fixedly connected to the vertical pipe 24, and a second diversion pipe 26 fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical pipe 24; the liquid inlet end of the second diversion pipe 26 is fixedly connected to the water outlet end of the horizontal pipe 20, and there is a gap between the air outlet end of the inclined pipe 17 and the spraying end of the atomizing nozzle 25.

[0052] In this embodiment, specifically, the lifting drive mechanism includes an electric cylinder 27 fixedly connected to the upper end of the dust collection box 1. The lower end of the output shaft of the electric cylinder 27 passes through the dust collection box 1 and is fixedly connected to a lifting block 28. The lifting block 28 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary dust collection mechanism.

[0053] In this embodiment, specifically, the dust collection box 14 is open at one end near the center of the dust collection chamber 1. The auxiliary dust collection mechanism includes multiple lifting boxes 1401 slidably disposed on both sides of the inner wall of the dust collection box 14, and sliders 1405 fixedly connected to the side walls of the lifting boxes 1401. The lifting box 1401 is open at one end near the center of the dust collection chamber 1. Two water flow channels 1402 are opened through the upper and lower ends of the lifting box 1401. Two inclined plates 1403 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lifting box 1401. The two inclined plates 1403 are distributed in an inverted V-shape. A sliding groove 1404 is opened through one side of the dust collection box 14. The slider 1405 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 1404, and the side wall of the slider 1405 is fixedly connected to the lifting block 28.

[0054] In this embodiment, specifically, the seventh valve body 21 on the horizontal pipe 20 is located between the second diversion pipe 26 and the outlet pipe 704, and the eighth valve body 22 is located between the first diversion pipe 23 and the outlet pipe 704.

[0055] Working principle: When in use, the dusty exhaust gas generated during fertilizer granulation first enters the cyclone separator 2 through the air inlet 4. Under the action of centrifugal force, the larger coarse dust particles in the exhaust gas are thrown towards the wall of the separator and fall into the coarse particle collector 3 at the bottom along the wall, thus realizing primary separation and coarse particle recovery.

[0056] The exhaust gas, after primary purification, carrying the remaining fine dust, enters the dust collection box 1 through the first outlet pipe 5 at the top of the cyclone separator 2. Depending on the dust concentration and processing requirements, the device can operate in the following two dust collection modes, which can be used individually or in combination:

[0057] Mode 1 (Water Flow Dust Removal Mode): Open the fourth valve body 16 and close the sixth valve body 19. At this time, the dust-laden gas is sprayed directly into the lifting box 1401 inside the dust removal box 14 through the second exhaust pipe 15. At the same time, the water pumping mechanism 7 is started, and the first pump body 702 draws water from the water tank 6 and pumps it into the horizontal pipe 20 through the water outlet pipe 704. The eighth valve body 22 is opened, and the water flows into the dust removal box 14 through the first diversion pipe 23. It flows down along the water flow groove 1402 on the lifting box 1401. Under the guidance of the inclined plate 1403 arranged in an inverted V-shape inside the lifting box 1401, the water flow forms a multi-stage water curtain. The dust-laden gas sprayed from the second exhaust pipe 15 impacts the water curtain, and the dust is captured and carried by the water flow, falling into the bottom of the dust removal box 1 with the water flow, thus realizing water flow dust removal.

[0058] Mode 2 (Atomization Dust Removal Mode): Close the fourth valve body 16 and the sixth valve body 19, and open the fifth valve body 18. At this time, the dust-laden gas is diverted and sprayed out through the inclined pipe 17. At the same time, the water pumping mechanism 7 operates and the seventh valve body 21 is opened. The water flows through the second diversion pipe 26 and is distributed to the vertical pipe 24. Finally, it is atomized and sprayed out by multiple atomizing nozzles 25, forming a dense water mist curtain inside the dust collector 1. The dust-laden gas sprayed out at high speed from the outlet of the inclined pipe 17 directly impacts the water mist curtain. A violent gas-liquid turbulent mixing zone is formed in the gap area between the outlet of the inclined pipe 17 and the atomizing nozzle 25. Dust particles collide and agglomerate with water mist droplets. The resulting particle clusters fall into the bottom of the dust collector 1 under the action of gravity.

[0059] In both modes, the clean gas that has completed dust removal flows upward and is discharged through exhaust pipe 901;

[0060] The dust-laden wastewater at the bottom of the dust collector 1 can be discharged to the outside for treatment by opening the third valve body 13 and the third pump body 10 of the wastewater discharge mechanism.

[0061] To prevent dust from adhering and forming scale over a long period of time, the lifting drive mechanism can be activated periodically. The electric cylinder 27 drives the lifting box 1401 to move up and down reciprocally inside the dust collection box 14 through the lifting block 28 and the slider 1405. Combined with the flushing action of water flow, the mud and scale adhering to the inclined plate 1403 and the inner wall of the dust collection box 14 are removed to the bottom of the dust collection box 1, thus achieving self-cleaning maintenance.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0063] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizer granulation off-gas dedusting device, characterized in that, It includes a dust collection box (1), a cyclone separator (2) located outside the dust collection box (1), a coarse particle collector (3) located at the bottom of the cyclone separator (2), a water tank (6) fixed to the side wall of the dust collection box (1), a water pumping mechanism (7) fixed to the side wall of the dust collection box (1) and connected to the water tank (6), a drainage mechanism (8) fixed to the side wall of the dust collection box (1) and connected to the water tank (6), a wastewater discharge mechanism located on the side wall of the dust collection box (1), an exhaust mechanism (9) fixed to the upper part of the side wall of the dust collection box (1), a dust collection box (14) fixed to one side of the inner wall of the dust collection box (1), an atomizing spray mechanism located on the other side of the inner wall of the dust collection box (1), a lifting drive mechanism fixed to the upper end of the dust collection box (1), and an auxiliary dust collection mechanism located inside the dust collection box (14). The side wall of the cyclone separator (2) is provided with an air inlet (4) for receiving the tail gas of fertilizer granulation. The bottom of the cyclone separator (2) is provided with an ash discharge port. The upper end of the cyclone separator (2) is connected to a first air outlet pipe (5) through a through-type connection. The other end of the first air outlet pipe (5) passes through the upper end of the dust collector (1) and extends into the interior of the dust collector (1). Multiple sets of air outlet units are fixedly connected to the first air outlet pipe (5) at intervals along the axial direction. Each set of air outlet units includes a second air outlet pipe (15), an inclined pipe (17) and a sixth valve body (19). A fourth valve body (16) is provided on the second air outlet pipe (15), and a fifth valve body (18) is provided on the inclined pipe (17). The inclined pipe (17) is located between the sixth valve body (19) and the fifth valve body (18). The sixth valve body (19) is used to block or guide the flow of air in the first air outlet pipe (5) to the downstream. A horizontal pipe (20) is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the pumping mechanism (7). A seventh valve body (21) and an eighth valve body (22) are provided on the horizontal pipe (20). One of the outlet ends of the horizontal pipe (20) is connected to the first diversion pipe (23) fixedly connected to the upper end of the dust collector (14). The other outlet end of the horizontal pipe (20) is connected to the inlet end of the atomizing spraying mechanism. The output end of the lifting drive mechanism extends into the dust collector (1) and is connected to the auxiliary dust collector mechanism. There is a gap between the air outlet of the inclined tube (17) and the atomizing spray mechanism.

2. The fertilizer prilling tail gas dedusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coarse particle collector (3) is detachably connected to the bottom ash discharge port of the cyclone separator (2). The coarse particles separated by the cyclone separator (2) are discharged into the coarse particle collector (3) through the ash discharge port.

3. The fertilizer prilling tail gas dedusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pumping mechanism (7) includes a support block (701) fixedly connected to the side wall of the dust collector (1), a first pump body (702) fixedly connected to the upper end of the support block (701), a first pumping pipe (703) fixedly connected to the pumping end of the first pump body (702), and an outlet pipe (704) fixedly connected to the outlet end of the first pump body (702). The pumping end of the first pumping pipe (703) is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the water tank (6), and the outlet end of the outlet pipe (704) passes through the side wall of the dust collector (1) and is fixedly connected to the horizontal pipe (20).

4. The fertilizer prilling exhaust dedusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage mechanism (8) includes a second pump body (801) fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the dust collector (1), a second water pipe (802) fixedly connected to the liquid extraction end of the second pump body (801), and a first valve body (803) provided on the second water pipe (802); the liquid extraction end of the second water pipe (802) is fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the water tank (6) through.

5. The fertilizer prilling exhaust dedusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wastewater discharge mechanism includes a third pump body (10) located outside the dust collector (1), a first fixed pipe (11) fixedly connected to the liquid extraction end of the third pump body (10), a second fixed pipe (12) fixedly connected to the liquid outlet end of the third pump body (10), and a third valve body (13) located on the first fixed pipe (11); the liquid extraction end of the first fixed pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the side wall of the dust collector (1).

6. The fertilizer prilling exhaust dedusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust mechanism (9) includes an exhaust pipe (901) that is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the dust collector (1) and a second valve body (902) disposed on the exhaust pipe (901).

7. The fertilizer prilling exhaust dedusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The atomizing spray mechanism includes a vertical pipe (24) fixedly connected to the other side of the inner wall of the dust collector (1), multiple atomizing nozzles (25) fixedly connected to the vertical pipe (24), and a second diversion pipe (26) fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical pipe (24); the liquid inlet end of the second diversion pipe (26) is fixedly connected to the water outlet end of the horizontal pipe (20), and there is a gap between the air outlet end of the inclined pipe (17) and the liquid spraying end of the atomizing nozzle (25).

8. The fertilizer prilling exhaust dedusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting drive mechanism includes an electric cylinder (27) fixedly connected to the upper end of the dust collector (1). The lower end of the output shaft of the electric cylinder (27) passes through the dust collector (1) and is fixedly connected to a lifting block (28). The lifting block (28) is fixedly connected to the auxiliary dust removal mechanism.

9. The fertilizer prilling exhaust dedusting device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dust collector (14) is open at one end near the center of the dust collector box (1). The auxiliary dust removal mechanism includes multiple lifting boxes (1401) that are slidably disposed on both sides of the inner wall of the dust collector (14) and sliders (1405) that are fixedly connected to the side wall of the lifting box (1401). The lifting box (1401) is open at one end near the center of the dust collector box (1). Two water flow channels (1402) are opened through the upper and lower ends of the lifting box (1401). Two inclined plates (1403) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lifting box (1401). The two inclined plates (1403) are distributed in an inverted V-shape. A sliding groove (1404) is opened through one side of the dust collector (14). The slider (1405) is slidably disposed in the sliding groove (1404), and the side wall of the slider (1405) is fixedly connected to the lifting block (28).

10. A fertilizer granulation tail gas dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seventh valve body (21) on the horizontal pipe (20) is located between the second branch pipe (26) and the outlet pipe (704), and the eighth valve body (22) is located between the first branch pipe (23) and the outlet pipe (704).

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