A differential pressure adjustment device for flue gas treatment and denitrification reactor

Abstract

A differential pressure adjustment device for a flue gas treatment denitrification reactor is disclosed. This device adds a differential pressure adjustment structure to the original denitrification reactor, consisting of two identical upper and lower layers. The first layer is used for differential pressure adjustment, and the second layer is used for system pressure relief and safety. Based on the change in the resistance value of the first-layer catalyst's windward surface, the opening of the damper is adjusted by operating the regulating handle, achieving flue gas regulation and diversion. This reduces the flow velocity and pressure of the catalyst pores in the reactor, effectively preventing excessive differential pressure in the first-layer catalyst within the flue gas treatment SCR reactor from forming numerous swirls and causing clogging of the catalyst pores by soot. This achieves a balance of differential pressure across the catalyst layers in the flue gas treatment SCR reactor, increasing the catalyst reaction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of flue gas denitrification reaction technology, and specifically relates to a pressure differential adjustment device for a flue gas treatment denitrification reactor. Background Technology

[0002] With the current increase in production capacity, the cross-section of the original denitrification reactor is limited, which cannot meet the changes in flue gas volume and furnace exhaust temperature. This results in an increase in reactor pressure difference, frequent catalyst blockage, and seriously affects the normal operation of the denitrification reactor catalyst, the safe and stable production of the furnace, and the compliance of flue gas treatment with emission standards.

[0003] The denitrification reactor is a closed system. All the flue gas from the furnace passes through the catalyst pores of the reactor. During the flue gas flow, the first layer of catalyst has the greatest flue gas resistance. A conical vortex is generated at the inlet of the catalyst pores, resulting in a flue gas throttling effect. The throttling point shifts towards the inlet of the pores, forming a "conical gas seal" phenomenon. The higher the system pressure, the more severe the gas seal phenomenon becomes, which leads to a decrease in flue gas velocity. Soot settles and accumulates around the catalyst pores, causing catalyst blockage and a reduction in denitrification reaction efficiency.

[0004] The catalyst in the SCR reactor for flue gas treatment is arranged in two layers according to emission standards. The pressure difference between each layer is 200 Pa from top to bottom, gradually decreasing. The first layer has greater resistance than the second layer. Under the influence of flue gas flow throttling, numerous swirls are formed above the catalyst pores in the first layer, obstructing flue gas flow through the catalyst pores. Excessive deposition and collapse of soot around the catalyst pores cause severe flue gas blockage, leading to a decrease in catalyst reaction efficiency. This results in exceeding environmental control standards for flue gas treatment and potential safety hazards in the furnace operation. The flue gas treatment denitrification reactor system requires shutdown for manual cleaning and maintenance every 25-30 days.

[0005] To reduce dust blockage in the catalyst and ensure compliance with nitrogen oxide emission standards in flue gas treatment, the industry has adopted plate catalysts with high failure rates and ceramic filter tubes with high maintenance costs as alternatives. However, this significantly increases manufacturing costs and labor and spare parts maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a pressure differential adjustment device for a flue gas treatment and denitrification reactor, thereby solving the technical problem of increased reactor pressure differential caused by the formation of a swirling gas seal at the catalyst inlet due to soot deposition and blockage.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A differential pressure adjustment device for a flue gas treatment denitrification reactor includes two layers of differential pressure adjustment structures arranged identically inside the denitrification reactor, and each layer of differential pressure adjustment structure is provided with pressure regulating air holes and a rotary adjustment device for adjusting the opening of the pressure regulating air holes.

[0009] The rotary adjustment device includes a damper that is rotatably installed at the pressure regulating air hole and an adjustment handle that is driven to be connected to the rotating shaft of the damper and placed on the outer wall of the denitrification reactor. A rotary scale for displaying the opening degree is provided on the outer wall of the denitrification reactor, and the pointer of the rotary scale rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft.

[0010] When the adjustment handle is turned, the damper is rotated synchronously via the rotating shaft, thereby adjusting the opening of the pressure regulating air hole.

[0011] The upper and lower layers each have multiple pressure regulating air holes, and corresponding dampers are installed at the pressure regulating air holes.

[0012] The damper is rotatably mounted on one side wall of the pressure regulating air hole via a rotating shaft.

[0013] The adjustable opening of the upper and lower dampers is 0-90°.

[0014] The adjustment handle is manually rotated for adjustment.

[0015] The upper and lower layers each have four pressure regulating vents.

[0016] The damper is larger than the pressure regulating vent and is positioned above the pressure regulating vent.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] (1) The differential pressure adjustment device of the flue gas treatment denitrification reactor is to add a differential pressure adjustment structure to the original denitrification reactor. The differential pressure adjustment device is divided into two identical structures, upper and lower. The first layer is used for differential pressure adjustment and the second layer is used for system pressure relief and safety. According to the change of the resistance value of the first layer catalyst windward surface, the opening of the damper is adjusted by operating the adjustment handle to realize the function of flue gas regulation and diversion. The flow velocity and pressure of the catalyst pores in the reactor are reduced, which can effectively prevent the excessive differential pressure of the first layer catalyst in the flue gas treatment SCR reactor from forming numerous swirls and causing the catalyst pores to be blocked by soot. It realizes the effect of balancing the differential pressure of the catalyst layer in the flue gas treatment SCR reactor and increasing the catalyst reaction efficiency.

[0019] (2) The differential pressure adjustment device of the flue gas treatment denitrification reactor disclosed in this utility model calculates the installation distance between the two catalyst modules on the windward side and adds flue gas pressure regulation control dampers symmetrically with the fixed position of the reactor. The flue gas flow rate can be adjusted by the rotation adjustment device on the damper from 0 to 100%, thereby achieving pressure balance with the windward side of the catalyst in the second layer of the reactor. The overall pressure of the SCR reactor system decreases, preventing the formation of numerous swirls due to excessive pressure difference in the catalyst pores and avoiding blockage of the catalyst pores by soot. This achieves the mixing of 15-20% of the diverted flue gas with 80% of the denitrified flue gas in the second layer of flue gas, significantly reducing the pressure difference of the first layer of catalyst and improving the reaction efficiency of the SCR reactor system.

[0020] (3) By adding a differential pressure regulating device, the flue gas of the reactor system can achieve ratio splitting and pressure regulation, eliminating the problem of increased pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the catalyst flue gas. The damper opening is adjustable, and the flue gas can be regulated and split according to the change of system resistance. This reduces the flow rate and pressure of the catalyst pores in the reactor, solves the problem of flue gas throttling effect caused by the generation of conical vortex at the inlet of the catalyst pores, eliminates the phenomenon of "conical gas seal", and greatly improves the catalyst reaction efficiency.

[0021] (4) It effectively solved the problem of catalyst blockage in the denitrification reactor, improved the system's safe operation coefficient, and ensured that the flue gas treatment met environmental protection standards. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0025] This utility model provides a differential pressure adjustment device for a flue gas treatment denitrification reactor, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown.

[0026] A differential pressure adjustment device for a flue gas treatment denitrification reactor includes upper and lower layers of differential pressure adjustment structures arranged identically within the denitrification reactor. Each layer of the differential pressure adjustment structure is equipped with a pressure regulating vent and a rotary adjustment device for adjusting the opening of the pressure regulating vent. The rotary adjustment device includes a damper rotated at the pressure regulating vent and an adjustment handle driven by the damper's rotating shaft and placed on the outer wall of the denitrification reactor. A rotary scale for displaying the opening is correspondingly provided on the outer wall of the denitrification reactor, and the pointer of the rotary scale rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft. When the adjustment handle rotates, it synchronously drives the damper to rotate via the rotating shaft, thereby adjusting the opening of the pressure regulating vent. In this embodiment, the adjustment handle is manually rotated for adjustment.

[0027] Both the upper and lower layers have multiple pressure regulating air vents, with corresponding dampers installed at each vent. The dampers, driven by the adjusting handle, rotate via a shaft to open or close from 0-90°. Each damper is mounted on one side wall of the pressure regulating air vent via the shaft, and its dimensions are larger than the vent's size, covering it completely to ensure full coverage.

[0028] In this embodiment, four pressure regulating air holes are provided on each of the upper and lower layers; the pressure difference adjustment device of the denitrification reactor rotates from 0 to 90° through four air dampers to achieve flue gas regulation and diversion.

[0029] More specifically, two layers of pressure differential adjustment structures are added symmetrically at the windward side of the two catalyst layers in the reactor. Each layer of pressure differential adjustment structure includes four 400*300mm dampers for reactor resistance regulation and control. The pressure differential of the catalyst windward side pores in the reactor increases. Before the catalyst pores form swirl and are blocked by soot, the added pressure differential adjustment structure controls the opening of the dampers to allow 20% of the flue gas on the windward side of the catalyst to preferentially pass through the adjusted dampers, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the flow resistance of the system flue gas and enabling 20% ​​of the flue gas on the windward side of the first reactor catalyst to participate in the reaction of the second catalyst.

[0030] Based on the change in the resistance value of the first-layer catalyst's windward side, the opening of the internal dampers in the reactor is adjusted via the external operating handle. Rotating the four dampers from 0-90° achieves flue gas regulation and diversion, reducing the flow velocity and pressure of the catalyst pores. 80% of the flue gas from the first layer enters the catalyst, while the remaining 20% ​​is pressure-regulated and mixed before entering the next layer to participate in the reaction. This reduces the internal system resistance of the reactor, preventing catalyst blockage and significantly improving catalyst reaction efficiency. If the first-layer system resistance adjustment fails, the second-layer system safety regulating damper is opened to ensure safe emission of flue gas from the furnace. This prevents excessive pressure differential in the first-layer catalyst within the SCR reactor from creating numerous swirls, which can damage the catalyst surface and clog the catalyst pores with soot. This extends the catalyst's service life and increases reaction efficiency in the flue gas treatment and denitrification reactor.

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Each layer of differential pressure adjustment structure has four 400*300mm pressure regulating air holes symmetrically designed at the reserved positions between the catalyst and the box body, and air dampers are installed. The air dampers are made of Q235 and have a size of 450*350mm*5mm. The air dampers are opened and closed by rotating the shaft. The shaft 7 is linked with the shaft coupling 8 welded on the air damper 6. The shaft is made of 316L and the shaft is φ12 mm.

[0033] The operator manually rotates the adjustment handle according to the pressure level and reactor differential pressure changes monitored by the monitoring system. This rotation drives the damper opening via a rotating scale outside the reactor. The handle, shaft, and damper are a single unit. Five damper opening adjustment sections (10%, 20%, 40%, 70%, and 90%) are provided according to the scale (0-90°). The shaft is equipped with damper opening fixing orifices, which are fixed at the corresponding scale using φ24 tapered pins.

[0034] The differential pressure adjustment device 1 of the flue gas treatment denitrification reactor is installed on the windward side of the first layer catalyst. The flue gas in the denitrification reactor enters the ventilation duct 5 from the windward side of the first layer catalyst from top to bottom through four pre-set dampers 6 for flow regulation. From the ventilation duct 5, it enters the gap channel 11 between the first layer catalyst modules. According to the monitoring data of the denitrification reactor, the operator drives the rotating shaft 7 to rotate according to the scale of the rotating ruler 4 by adjusting the handle 2. The rotating shaft 7 is linked with the rotating shaft coupling 8 on the damper 6. The flue gas flow can enter the ventilation duct 5 through the damper 6 and flow to the gap channel 11 between the catalyst modules. This allows 20% of the flue gas in the reactor to diffuse downward through the gap channel 11 between the catalyst modules to the surface of the second layer reactor catalyst and mix with the 80% denitrified flue gas to participate in the second layer denitrification reaction.

[0035] The second-layer differential pressure adjustment structure is a system safety adjustment device. When the first-layer differential pressure adjustment structure cannot meet the requirement of reducing system resistance and affecting system operation safety, the second-layer damper is adjusted to the maximum opening of 90°. The flue gas in the first layer flows directly into the four regulating dampers of the second layer through the ventilation duct 5 to relieve pressure and be discharged quickly.

[0036] The adjustment handle 2 is installed outside the denitrification reactor, which is fast, safe and reliable in emergencies, and convenient for operation and maintenance.

[0037] This utility model's flue gas treatment denitrification reactor differential pressure adjustment device adds a system differential pressure regulating device, enabling the reactor system flue gas to achieve ratio split flow and pressure regulation, eliminating the problem of increased pressure difference between the catalyst flue gas inlet and outlet. The damper opening is adjustable, and the flue gas can be regulated and split according to changes in system resistance, thereby reducing the flow velocity and pressure of the catalyst pores in the reactor. This solves the problem of flue gas throttling effect caused by the formation of a conical vortex at the catalyst pore inlet, eliminating the phenomenon of "conical gas seal", and significantly improving the catalyst reaction efficiency.

[0038] This utility model was put into use after the company's furnace capacity was greatly increased and flue gas treatment was upgraded. The number of equipment failures due to catalyst blockage in the denitrification reactor was reduced from once every 20 days to once every 5-6 months. It effectively solved the problem of catalyst blockage in the denitrification reactor, improved the system's safe operation coefficient, and ensured that the flue gas treatment met environmental protection standards.

[0039] If this patent uses terms such as "first" and "second" to define components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" and "second" is merely for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and the above terms have no special meaning.

[0040] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0041] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "center", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to facilitate the description of this utility model and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A differential pressure adjustment device for a flue gas treatment and denitrification reactor, characterized in that: It includes two equal layers of pressure differential adjustment structures arranged in the denitrification reactor, and each layer of pressure differential adjustment structure is equipped with pressure regulating air holes and a rotary adjustment device for adjusting the opening of the pressure regulating air holes. The rotary adjustment device includes a damper that is rotatably installed at the pressure regulating air hole and an adjustment handle that is driven to be connected to the rotating shaft of the damper and placed on the outer wall of the denitrification reactor. A rotary scale for displaying the opening degree is provided on the outer wall of the denitrification reactor, and the pointer of the rotary scale rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft. When the adjustment handle is turned, the damper is rotated synchronously via the rotating shaft, thereby adjusting the opening of the pressure regulating air hole.

2. The differential pressure adjustment device for a flue gas treatment denitrification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower layers each have multiple pressure regulating air holes, and corresponding dampers are installed at the pressure regulating air holes.

3. The differential pressure adjustment device for a flue gas treatment denitrification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper is rotatably mounted on one side wall of the pressure regulating air hole via a rotating shaft.

4. The differential pressure adjustment device for a flue gas treatment denitrification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable opening of the upper and lower dampers is 0-90°.

5. The differential pressure adjustment device for a flue gas treatment and denitrification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment handle is manually rotated for adjustment.

6. The differential pressure adjustment device for a flue gas treatment denitrification reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper and lower layers each have four pressure regulating vents.

7. The differential pressure adjustment device for a flue gas treatment denitrification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper is larger than the pressure regulating vent and is positioned above the pressure regulating vent.

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