An extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production

Abstract

This utility model relates to the technical field of activated carbon preparation equipment. It provides an extrusion molding device for activated carbon production, comprising an extrusion chamber with two spiral extrusion rods arranged in parallel and rotating within it. These two spiral extrusion rods rotate towards each other to extrude and transport activated carbon raw materials. A feed hopper is located on the top wall of the extrusion chamber, communicating with the interior of the chamber and positioned above the two spiral extrusion rods. A swinging scraper is oscillating within the feed hopper, with a scraping shovel at its bottom. The swinging direction of the scraper forms an angle with the rotation axis of the spiral extrusion rods. The scraper is configured to, after swinging the scraping shovel, push the activated carbon raw materials falling onto the spiral extrusion rods, thereby dislodging any arched activated carbon raw materials. This technical solution actively breaks the physical mechanism of material arching from the feeding end, systematically solving the conveying problem of multi-state mixed materials during the extrusion molding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of activated carbon preparation equipment, specifically to an extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production. Background Technology

[0002] In activated carbon production, extrusion molding is one of the key processes determining product quality. In existing technologies, activated carbon raw materials (such as coal powder and wood fiber) need to be mixed with various binders (such as coal tar, lignin sulfonates, and polyvinyl alcohol solutions) before entering the extrusion equipment, where they are extruded by a screw or piston to form a preform with a specific shape. However, due to the significant differences in the physical states of the various binders (liquid, paste, and powder coexisting), and the fact that their viscosity and particle size distribution are uneven after mixing with the activated carbon raw materials, leading to poor flowability, "arching" easily occurs at the material inlet of the equipment (such as the connection area between the feed hopper and the extrusion chamber), especially prominent in twin-screw extruders. This means that material particles support each other, forming an arched structure that hinders continuous material transport. Existing extrusion molding equipment typically has a simple funnel-shaped or cylindrical material inlet, lacking effective dispersion and arch-breaking measures for multi-state mixtures. When arching occurs, on the one hand, it can cause the arch structure to collapse periodically, resulting in material entering the extrusion chamber intermittently. This leads to fluctuations in parameters such as the density and diameter of the extruded preform, resulting in defects such as surface roughness and internal cracks. On the other hand, it can cause the material accumulation area to solidify or lose moisture due to prolonged residence time, resulting in poor plasticity of the material in some areas. This leads to inconsistent strength of the extruded preform and affects the yield of the subsequent activation process.

[0003] Furthermore, for highly viscous materials (such as coal tar and starch paste), the material in the arching area easily adheres to the inner wall of the inlet, forming scale, which further exacerbates the risk of blockage. Moreover, the scale removal process may damage the inner wall of the equipment, shortening its service life. Therefore, how to solve the arching problem at the inlet after mixing various binding materials and achieve uniform and continuous material conveying is a key technical challenge for improving the quality and production efficiency of activated carbon extrusion molding. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, this utility model provides an extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production, which solves the technical problem that arching and blockage easily occur at the inlet of the extrusion molding equipment after multi-state binder materials are mixed with activated carbon raw materials in the prior art.

[0005] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides an extrusion molding apparatus for activated carbon production, comprising:

[0006] An extrusion box, wherein two spiral extrusion rods are arranged in parallel and rotate in opposite directions to extrude and convey activated carbon raw materials;

[0007] The top wall of the extrusion box is provided with a feed hopper, which is connected to the interior of the extrusion box and is located above the two spiral extrusion rods;

[0008] A oscillating scraper is oscillatingly disposed inside the feed hopper. The bottom of the oscillating scraper is provided with a scraping shovel. The oscillation direction of the oscillating scraper forms an angle with the rotation axis of the spiral extruder. The oscillating scraper is configured to drive the scraping shovel to oscillate and push the activated carbon raw material falling on the spiral extruder, thereby dislodging the arched activated carbon raw material.

[0009] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an extrusion molding device for activated carbon production, wherein two sets of swinging main shafts are oscillatingly arranged on the inner wall of the feed hopper, and the swinging scraper is arranged on the swinging main shaft, and the two sets of swinging main shafts are configured such that after swinging, they respectively drive the two sets of swinging scrapers to swing alternately at the same speed.

[0010] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an extrusion molding device for activated carbon production, wherein a top-pushing plate is provided on the oscillating scraper on the oscillating main shaft, the top-pushing plate and the scraper are respectively located on both sides of the oscillating main shaft, and the top-pushing plate is configured to contact the material falling into the feed hopper after being oscillated by the oscillating scraper, and to push the material toward the inner walls on both sides of the feed hopper.

[0011] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an extrusion molding device for activated carbon production, wherein the bottom of the top shearing plate is provided with a plurality of top shearing teeth, and the swing scraper provided on another swing spindle is provided with a bottom shearing plate, the top of the bottom shearing plate is provided with a plurality of bottom shearing teeth, and the two top shearing plates are configured such that after being driven by the two swing spindles to swing alternately, the plurality of top shearing teeth and the plurality of bottom shearing teeth swing alternately with each other.

[0012] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an extrusion molding device for activated carbon production, wherein a main rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the feed hopper, an eccentric rotating component is provided on the main rotating shaft, an eccentric swing component is provided on each swing main shaft, and a connecting rod is also provided, wherein the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the eccentric rotating component and the eccentric swing component at the eccentric point, and the connecting rod is configured such that after one end is driven to rotate by the eccentric rotating component, the other end drives the eccentric swing component to swing.

[0013] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an extrusion molding device for activated carbon production, wherein one end of the extrusion box is provided with a material outlet, and an extrusion molding head is detachably provided on the material outlet, the extrusion molding head being used to extrude activated carbon material through its own opening.

[0014] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an extrusion molding device for activated carbon production, which further includes: a first rotation drive member, which is disposed on the feed hopper and is used to drive the main shaft to rotate.

[0015] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an extrusion molding device for activated carbon production, wherein the outer wall of the feed hopper is surrounded by a housing, and the main rotating shaft, the eccentric rotating component, the eccentric swinging component, the connecting rod, and the first rotating drive component are all located inside the housing.

[0016] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an extrusion molding apparatus for activated carbon production, which further includes two second rotation drive members, which respectively drive the two spiral extrusion rods to rotate.

[0017] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an extrusion molding apparatus for activated carbon production, wherein the second rotary drive member and the spiral extrusion rod are connected by a universal joint.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] In this invention, the feed hopper is positioned directly above the two spiral extruders, ensuring the mixed material falls evenly onto the two screw blades. Synchronous screw rotation enables symmetrical gripping, reducing one-sided accumulation and providing uniform material distribution for the oscillating scraper's arch-breaking operation. The oscillating scraper reciprocates at an angle to the spiral extruder's axis, covering the area between the feed hopper outlet and the spiral extruder, specifically targeting material accumulation points prone to arching. As the scraper moves, its thrust direction intersects with the tangential direction of the screw blade rotation, physically disrupting the supporting forces between material particles, causing the arched structure to destabilize and collapse, thus preventing intermittent material conveying caused by arching. The continuous conveying power of the spiral extruder and the real-time arch-breaking function of the oscillating scraper work synergistically to ensure that the material enters the extrusion chamber uniformly and continuously. This avoids defects such as density fluctuations, surface roughness, and internal cracks in the extruded preform caused by the periodic collapse of the arched structure. Simultaneously, it prevents binder solidification or moisture loss due to material retention, improving the uniformity of extruded preform strength and thus increasing the yield of the subsequent activation process. This structure, through the rational coordination of mechanical motion, actively breaks the physical mechanism of material arching from the feed end, solving the conveying problem of multi-state mixtures during extrusion molding and ensuring production stability and equipment operational reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some exemplary embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without any creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the extrusion box in the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Internal structure diagram;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partially enlarged structural diagram of part A;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission system for the main rotating shaft.

[0026] In the diagram: Extrusion box-1, Material outlet-101, Spiral extrusion rod-2, Feed hopper-3, Swing scraper-4, Scraper-401, Swing spindle-5, Top shearing plate-6, Top shearing tooth-7, Bottom shearing plate-8, Bottom shearing tooth-9, Main shaft-10, Eccentric rotating component-11, Eccentric swing component-12, Connecting rod-13, Extrusion molding head-14, Housing-15, Second rotation drive component-16, Universal joint-17. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit its scope.

[0028] To keep the drawings concise, only the parts relevant to the utility model are shown schematically in each drawing; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of the components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "a" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0029] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0031] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0032] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this invention illustrates an extrusion molding apparatus for activated carbon production according to one embodiment of the present invention. The extrusion molding apparatus includes an extrusion chamber 1, within which two helical extruders 2 are arranged horizontally and rotatably. The shafts of the two helical extruders 2 are parallel to each other, and the distance between their axes is adapted to the width of the inner cavity of the extrusion chamber 1. The helical directions of their screw blades are opposite, and they can rotate in opposite directions through an external drive device. During rotation, the material conveying areas formed by the two screw blades converge in the middle of the extrusion chamber 1 to generate opposing extrusion conveying forces on the incoming activated carbon raw materials. A feed hopper 3 is provided on the top wall of the extrusion chamber 1. The cross-section of the feed hopper 3 is an inverted trapezoidal structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Its bottom outlet is located directly above the two helical extruders 2, and the width of the outlet is less than the center distance between the two helical extruders 2, ensuring that the falling material can simultaneously fall onto the screw blades of the two helical extruders 2.

[0034] A swing scraper 4 is oscillating inside the feed hopper 3. The swing scraper 4 includes a rotating shaft hinged to the inner wall of the feed hopper 3. The axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the axis of rotation of the screw extruder 2. A plate-shaped scraper body is fixedly connected to the shaft, and its bottom extends downward to form a scraper shovel 401. The bottom surface of the scraper shovel 401 is parallel to the plane of the feed hopper 3's outlet, and its end extends to a position near the tip of the screw blades of the screw extruder 2. The swing scraper 4 is driven by a drive mechanism to oscillate back and forth around the rotating shaft, with the oscillation direction forming an angle with the axis of rotation of the screw extruder 2. When the swing scraper 4 oscillates, the scraper shovel 401 moves along the edge of the feed hopper 3's outlet, pushing the material falling on the screw extruder 2, causing the scraper shovel 401 to slide over the arched material structure, dislodging the arched structure formed by the mutual support between particles, and the material falls into the conveying area between the two screw extruders 2. When oscillating in the reverse direction, the scraper shovel 401 returns to its initial position, completing the oscillation cycle.

[0035] Inside the extrusion chamber 1, two opposing spiral extrusion rods 2 generate bidirectional extrusion conveying force through the opposing movement of their screw blades. Compared to the traditional single-screw structure, this balances the lateral pressure during material conveying, preventing material deviation caused by unilateral extrusion and providing a power foundation for stable conveying. The feed hopper 3 is positioned directly above the two spiral extrusion rods 2, ensuring the mixed material falls evenly onto the two screw blades. The synchronous rotation of the screws achieves symmetrical gripping, reducing unilateral accumulation and providing uniform material distribution conditions for the arch-breaking operation of the oscillating scraper 4. The oscillating scraper 4 oscillates reciprocally at an angle to the axis of rotation of the spiral extrusion rods 2, causing the scraper shovel 401 to cover the connection area between the feed hopper 3 outlet and the spiral extrusion rods 2, specifically targeting material accumulation points prone to arching. As the scraper shovel 401 moves, its thrust direction intersects with the tangential direction of the screw blade rotation, physically disrupting the supporting force between material particles, causing the arched structure to destabilize and collapse, thus preventing intermittent material conveying caused by arching. The continuous conveying power of the spiral extruder 2 and the real-time arch-breaking function of the oscillating scraper 4 work synergistically to ensure that the material enters the extrusion chamber uniformly and continuously. This avoids defects such as density fluctuations, surface roughness, and internal cracks in the extruded preform caused by the periodic collapse of the arch structure. Simultaneously, it prevents binder solidification or moisture loss due to material retention, improving the uniformity of the extruded preform's strength and thus increasing the yield of the subsequent activation process. This structure, through the rational coordination of mechanical motion, actively breaks the physical mechanism of material arching from the feeding end, systematically solving the conveying problem of multi-state mixed materials during extrusion molding, ensuring production stability and equipment operational reliability.

[0036] In some examples, in the extrusion molding equipment, a set of oscillating main shafts 5 are horizontally hinged to the inner walls of the left and right sides of the feed hopper 3. The axes of the two sets of oscillating main shafts 5 are parallel to the rotation axis of the screw extruder 2 and are located on the same horizontal plane. Multiple oscillating scraper parts 4 are fixedly connected at intervals along the axial direction of each set of oscillating main shafts 5. The scraper shovel portion 401 of each oscillating scraper part 4 extends towards the central area of ​​the feed hopper 3, and its end is located above the screw blades of the screw extruder 2. The two sets of oscillating main shafts 5 are connected by a drive mechanism configured to cause the two sets of oscillating main shafts 5 to oscillate in opposite directions at the same rotational speed; that is, when one set of oscillating main shafts 5 oscillates to the left of the feed hopper 3, the other set oscillates to the right, forming an alternating oscillation trajectory. The scraper shovel portion 401 of the oscillating scraper part 4 reciprocates in the area above the discharge port of the feed hopper 3 as the oscillating main shafts 5 oscillate. When the left swinging main shaft 5 swings to the left, it drives the swinging scraper 4 on it to push the material to the left. At the same time, the right swinging main shaft 5 swings to the right, driving the right swinging scraper 4 to push the material to the right. The two sets of scraper shovels 401 move in opposite directions and do not interfere with each other, covering the full width of the discharge port of the feed hopper 3. When the swinging main shaft 5 rotates in the opposite direction, the two sets of swinging scrapers 4 return to their initial positions synchronously, completing one swing cycle. Through the staggered swinging of the two sets of swinging scrapers 4 at the same speed, staggered thrust is continuously applied to the material falling on the spiral extrusion rod 2, causing the arched material structure to become unstable and collapse under the action of bidirectional thrust.

[0037] Two sets of swing spindles 5, installed on the inner wall of the feed hopper 3, drive the swing scrapers 4 to swing at the same speed and alternately. Through bidirectional symmetrical thrust, the coverage of the arch-breaking operation is expanded, ensuring that the entire width area below the discharge port of the feed hopper 3 is within the action range of the swing scrapers 4, avoiding the blind spots that may exist in a single swing structure. The opposing swings of the two sets of swing scrapers 4 form staggered material pushing trajectories, which can simultaneously apply force to the material accumulation points in the middle and on both sides of the feed hopper 3, destroying the arched structures at different locations. Compared with a single swing structure, this significantly improves the arch-breaking efficiency and uniformity. The opposing rotation of the spiral extruder 2 and the staggered swings of the two sets of swing scrapers 4 work synergistically: the former provides continuous power through bidirectional extrusion conveying, while the latter breaks the arched structures in each area in real time through bidirectional thrust, ensuring that the material is always in a loose state before entering the extrusion chamber, avoiding interruptions or uneven distribution of material conveying due to local arching. This structural design reduces the residence time of materials in the feed hopper 3, preventing the binding agent from curing or moisture loss from affecting the plasticity of the material, thereby improving the density consistency and surface quality of the extruded preform. Simultaneously, the symmetrical movement of the two sets of oscillating scrapers 4 balances the lateral forces on the inner wall of the feed hopper 3, avoiding equipment vibration or wear caused by unilateral force and extending the equipment's service life. Through the rational configuration of the mechanical structure, this solution addresses the arching problem of multi-state mixed materials from the feeding end, providing a systematic guarantee for the stable operation of the extrusion molding process and the improvement of finished product quality.

[0038] In some examples, the connection structure between the swing spindle 5 and the swing scraper 4 on the inner wall of the feed hopper 3 in the extrusion molding equipment is further optimized: one end of the swing scraper is fixedly connected to the swing spindle 5 to form a rotation fulcrum, and the other end extends downward to form a scraper shovel 401. On the opposite side of the swing spindle 5 and the scraper shovel 401, the swing scraper 4 extends upward to form a top-pushing plate 6. The surface of the top-pushing plate 6 is parallel to the inner wall of the feed hopper 3, and its top height is higher than the upper edge of the discharge port of the feed hopper 3, ensuring that it can contact the material during the falling process. When the two sets of oscillating main shafts 5 drive the oscillating scraper 4 to oscillate at the same speed, the top-pushing plate 6 moves towards the inner walls on both sides of the feed hopper 3 along with the oscillating scraper 4. After its plate surface contacts the falling material particles, it pushes the material accumulated in the central area of ​​the feed hopper 3 to both sides, so that the material is evenly distributed to the vicinity of the inner walls on both sides of the feed hopper 3. At the same time, the scraper shovel 401 located on the other side of the oscillation fulcrum pushes the material towards the spiral extrusion rod 2, pushing off the arched structure that has fallen on the screw blades. The top-pushing plate 6 and the scraper shovel 401 move in opposite directions with the oscillating main shaft 5 as the fulcrum. Their movement trajectories form two layers of material action areas in the feed hopper 3: the upper top-pushing plate 6 is responsible for dispersing the falling material, and the lower scraper shovel 401 is responsible for breaking the formed arched structure.

[0039] The top-dispersing plate 6 and the scraper 401 are configured in opposite directions with the swinging main shaft 5 as the fulcrum, achieving a dual function of "upper-layer dispersion and lower-layer arch breaking" for the material in the feed hopper 3. During the swinging process, the top-dispersing plate 6 pushes the falling material to both sides, preventing excessive accumulation of material in the central area of ​​the feed hopper 3, and ensuring that the material is evenly distributed across the full width of the screw blades of the spiral extruder 2, providing a uniform material base for subsequent extrusion and conveying. Simultaneously, the scraper 401 breaks the arched structure above the screw blades. The combination of these two interventions from the initial stage of material entering the equipment prevents local arching caused by uneven material distribution. The lateral pushing action of the top-dispersing plate 6 effectively reduces the direct impact between the material and the inner wall of the feed hopper 3, reducing the possibility of highly viscous material lingering in the upper part of the feed hopper 3. Combined with the lower-layer arch breaking function of the swinging scraper 4, it forms a complete process control from material falling to extrusion and conveying. This structural design not only improves arch-breaking efficiency but also reduces the workload of the subsequent scraper 401 by pre-dispersing the material, enabling the equipment to adapt to mixtures of different viscosities and physical states. The counter-rotation of the spiral extruder 2 and the bi-directional action of the oscillating scraper 4 work together to ensure that the material remains loose and uniform before entering the extrusion chamber, avoiding problems such as binder solidification and moisture loss caused by material accumulation. This improves the density consistency and surface quality of the extruded preform, ultimately increasing the yield and production efficiency of activated carbon production.

[0040] In some examples, in the extrusion molding equipment, the oscillating scrapers 4 on the two sets of oscillating spindles 5 are symmetrically arranged: one set of oscillating scrapers 4 has several top shearing teeth 7 spaced apart along the length of the bottom of the top feed plate 6, with the tips of the top shearing teeth 7 facing the center area of ​​the feed hopper 3; the other set of oscillating scrapers 4 has several bottom shearing teeth 9 correspondingly arranged on the top of the bottom feed plate 8, with the tips of the bottom shearing teeth 9 facing the top area of ​​the feed hopper 3. The tooth shape of both the top shearing teeth 7 and the bottom shearing teeth 9 is triangular, and the tooth spacing and tooth height of both are matched to ensure that they can intersect each other without interference during the oscillation process. When the two sets of swing spindles 5 drive the swing scraper 4 to swing at the same speed and alternately, the top shearing teeth 7 on the top shearing plate 6 and the bottom shearing teeth 9 on the bottom shearing plate 8 form an opposing alternating motion: when one set of swing spindles 5 swings to the left of the feed hopper 3, the top shearing teeth 7 move to the lower left with the top shearing plate 6, and the bottom shearing teeth 9 move to the upper right with the bottom shearing plate 8, forming an intersecting shearing trajectory in the middle area of ​​the feed hopper 3; when swinging in the opposite direction, the top shearing teeth 7 and the bottom shearing teeth 9 return alternately in opposite directions. During the alternating swing of the top shearing teeth 7 and the bottom shearing teeth 9, the tooth tips insert into the contact points between the material particles, generating shearing force on the accumulated material clumps. At the same time, in conjunction with the lateral pushing of the top shearing plate 6 and the downward pushing of the scraper shovel 401, multi-level dispersion and arch breaking of multi-state mixtures are achieved.

[0041] The staggered oscillation design of the top shear teeth 7 and bottom shear teeth 9 breaks down the adhesion and friction between material particles through mechanical shearing. This is particularly effective against agglomerates or arched structures formed by highly viscous materials, effectively breaking down internal support points and crushing material clumps into smaller particles, thus improving material flowability. The top and bottom shear plates 6 and 8 apply shearing and pushing actions to the material from the upper and lower layers, respectively. The upper shear teeth 7 handle material agglomeration during the falling process, while the lower shear teeth 9, in conjunction with the scraper 401, break down the arched structure above the screw blades, forming a three-dimensional material processing area covering the entire process from material falling into the feed hopper 3 to contacting the screw extruder 2. The staggered motion trajectory of the two sets of shear teeth covers the entire cross-sectional width of the feed hopper 3, avoiding processing blind spots that may exist with unidirectional shearing. It is particularly adaptable to the viscosity differences of liquid, paste, and powder mixtures. Through the synergy of physical shearing and mechanical pushing, it reduces local accumulation caused by uneven viscosity of materials in different states. This structural design not only enhances the arch-breaking effect, but also reduces the adhesion between the material and the inner wall of the feed hopper 3 through shearing action, reducing the scaling phenomenon of highly viscous materials on the wall surface. Combined with the continuous conveying power formed by the opposite rotation of the spiral extrusion rod 2, it ensures that the material enters the extrusion cavity evenly and continuously, avoiding the curing of binder or moisture loss caused by material retention, improving the density uniformity and surface quality of the extruded preform, and thus improving the yield and production efficiency of activated carbon production.

[0042] In some examples, in the extrusion molding equipment, a main rotating shaft 10 is horizontally mounted on the outer wall of the feed hopper 3. The axis of the main rotating shaft 10 is parallel to the axis of the swing spindle 5 and lies in the same vertical plane. The main rotating shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the feed hopper 3 via bearings and is driven to rotate by an external power source. Two eccentric rotating parts 11 are fixedly sleeved on the main rotating shaft 10. The eccentric directions of the two eccentric rotating parts 11 are opposite, that is, when the main rotating shaft 10 rotates, the eccentric points of the two eccentric rotating parts 11 form a 180° phase difference. The end of each swing spindle 5 extends to the outside of the feed hopper 3 and is fixedly connected to an eccentric swinging part 12. The eccentric direction of the eccentric swinging part 12 is consistent with the initial eccentric direction of the corresponding eccentric rotating part 11. Hinge holes are opened at both ends of the connecting rod 13. One end is hinged to the eccentric point of the eccentric rotating part 11, and the other end is hinged to the eccentric point of the eccentric swinging part 12, forming a crank-rocker mechanism. When the main shaft 10 rotates, the eccentric rotating component 11 moves in a circular motion around the axis of the main shaft 10. This motion, through the connecting rod 13, drives the eccentric oscillating component 12 to reciprocate around the axis of the oscillating main shaft 5. Consequently, the oscillating main shaft 5 drives the oscillating scraper component 4 on it to oscillate synchronously. Since the eccentric directions of the two eccentric rotating components 11 are opposite, when the main shaft 10 rotates, the two sets of oscillating main shafts 5 achieve opposite oscillations through their respective crank-rocker mechanisms. That is, when one set oscillates to the left of the feed hopper 3, the other set oscillates to the right, forming an alternating oscillation trajectory.

[0043] The main shaft 10 drives two sets of crank-rocker mechanisms to swing the main shaft 5, achieving synchronous reverse motion of the two sets of swing scrapers 4, ensuring the symmetry and coordination of the arch-breaking operation. Compared to the scheme of independently driving the two sets of swing shafts 5, the single power source drive structure simplifies the transmission system, reduces the number of drive devices, and lowers equipment costs and maintenance complexity. The cooperation between the main shaft 10 and the eccentric rotating component 11 converts the rotational motion into the reciprocating swing of the swing shaft 5. By adjusting the eccentricity, the swing amplitude can be precisely controlled, matching the motion trajectory of the swing scraper 4 with the structure and material characteristics of the feed hopper 3, optimizing the arch-breaking effect. The 180° phase difference configuration of the two eccentric rotating components 11 makes the motion of the two sets of swing scrapers 4 complementary, alternately applying reverse thrust within the feed hopper 3, effectively covering the material arch-breaking requirements of the entire width area. This symmetrical and staggered motion balances the forces on both sides of the feed hopper 3, reducing equipment vibration and noise, and extending the service life of the equipment. Meanwhile, the mechanical transmission characteristics of the crank-rocker mechanism provide a stable oscillation frequency and force, ensuring that the arch-breaking effect on materials remains effective during continuous production, and avoiding material conveying fluctuations caused by the periodic collapse of the arch structure.

[0044] In some examples, in the extrusion molding equipment, the discharge end of the extrusion box 1 has a circular material outlet 101, and an annular flange is provided on the outer periphery of the material outlet 101. Several bolt holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the flange. The feed end of the extrusion molding head 14 is provided with a matching annular flange, and the same number of bolt holes are provided on the flange at corresponding positions. During connection, the flange of the extrusion molding head 14 is aligned with the flange of the material outlet 101, bolts are passed through the bolt holes of both flanges in sequence, and nuts are tightened at the other end of the bolts to make the two flanges fit tightly, achieving a detachable connection between the extrusion molding head 14 and the extrusion box 1. The discharge end of the extrusion molding head 14 has a molding hole. The cross-sectional shape of the molding hole is designed according to the requirements of the activated carbon product, including but not limited to circular, square, honeycomb, or irregular structures. The inner wall of the molding hole has a smoothly transitioning conical or stepped structure along the material flow direction to reduce material flow resistance. When different shapes of activated carbon products need to be produced, loosen the nuts and remove the bolts to remove the extrusion head 14 from the material outlet 101 and replace it with an extrusion head 14 with the corresponding forming hole. After replacement, reinstall the bolts and tighten the nuts to ensure the connection between the extrusion head 14 and the extrusion box 1 is sealed. The spiral extrusion rod 2 conveys the material from the extrusion box 1 to the extrusion head 14. When the material passes through the forming hole, it is constrained by the hole wall to form an activated carbon preform of a specific shape.

[0045] The extrusion head 14 and extrusion box 1 are connected by bolts, which offers higher connection strength and stability compared to threaded connections. This allows the bolted connection to withstand the high pressure generated during extrusion and prevents material leakage due to loose threads. The bolted structure is easy and quick to disassemble and install, requiring only standard tools and no specialized equipment. This reduces the time needed to replace the extrusion head 14 and improves production efficiency. The design of different shaped forming holes allows the equipment to flexibly produce a variety of activated carbon products, meeting the shape requirements of activated carbon in different application scenarios.

[0046] In some examples, in the extrusion molding equipment, a first rotating drive component, which is a motor, is fixedly mounted on the top of the outer wall of the feed hopper 3 via a bracket. Its output shaft is coaxially connected to one end of the main rotating shaft 10, and power transmission is achieved through a coupling. The main rotating shaft 10 passes through both outer walls of the feed hopper 3 and is rotatably connected to bearings to ensure stability during rotation. An eccentric rotating component 11, fixedly sleeved on the main rotating shaft 10, rotates synchronously with the main rotating shaft 10. This rotation, via a connecting rod 13, drives the eccentric oscillating component 12 on the oscillating main shaft 5 to reciprocate, thereby causing the oscillating main shaft 5 to drive the oscillating scraper component 4 to oscillate alternately at the same speed.

[0047] In some examples, in the extrusion molding equipment, the outer wall of the feed hopper 3 is surrounded by a closed mounting housing 15. The mounting housing 15 is welded from metal sheets and has a rectangular box structure. Its inner wall forms a sealed installation space with the outer wall of the feed hopper 3. The main rotating shaft 10 is fixed to the two side walls of the mounting housing 15 by bearing seats, and its two ends extend to the outside of the mounting housing 15. One end is connected to the first rotating drive component, and the other end is provided with a protective end cap. The eccentric rotating component 11, the eccentric swing component 12, and the connecting rod 13 are all located inside the mounting housing 15. The eccentric rotating component 11 is fixedly sleeved on the main rotating shaft 10, the eccentric swing component 12 is fixedly connected to the end of the swing main shaft 5, and the two ends of the connecting rod 13 are hinged to the eccentric rotating component 11 and the eccentric swing component 12, respectively.

[0048] The first rotating drive component is bolted to the outer wall of the housing 15. Its output shaft passes through the wall of the housing 15 and is connected to the main rotating shaft 10. A sealed bearing is installed at the connection to prevent external dust and moisture from entering the housing 15. A removable maintenance cover is provided on the top of the housing 15. A sealing strip is installed on the edge of the cover, and it is fastened to the housing 15 with bolts. The swing main shaft 5 passes through the side wall of the housing 15 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed hopper 3. A rotary seal is provided at the penetration point to ensure the airtightness of the housing 15.

[0049] In some examples, in the extrusion molding equipment, the input ends of the two spiral extruders 2 extend to the outside of the extrusion chamber 1 and are connected to the output shaft of the corresponding second rotary drive 16 via couplings. The second rotary drive 16 is a variable frequency motor, which is bolted to the outer wall of the extrusion chamber 1. The output shaft of the motor coincides with the axis of the spiral extruder 2 to ensure the stability of power transmission. The two second rotary drives 16 independently control the rotation of the two spiral extruders 2, and synchronous or differential speed adjustment is achieved through an electrical control system.

[0050] When the equipment is running, the two second rotary drive units 16 drive the screw extruders 2 to rotate in opposite directions. The conveying speed of the screw extruders 2 can be precisely controlled by adjusting the motor speed. For activated carbon raw materials with different properties, the speed difference between the two motors can be adjusted so that the two screw extruders 2 rotate at different linear speeds, thereby changing the force state and conveying path of the material in the extrusion chamber 1, enhancing the extrusion and mixing effect of the material. During the start-up phase, the screw extruders 2 can be slowly accelerated to the working speed through frequency conversion control to avoid material blockage or equipment overload caused by sudden start-up. The two independent second rotary drive units 16 control the two screw extruders 2 respectively, realizing precise control of the material conveying process. Compared with the structure of a single drive source driving a twin screw through a gearbox, the independent drive method can flexibly adjust the speed ratio of the two screws according to the material characteristics and process requirements, optimize the residence time and force distribution of the material in the extrusion chamber 1, and improve the extrusion effect and product quality. The application of variable frequency motors enables the equipment to adapt to activated carbon raw materials with different viscosities and particle sizes. By adjusting the rotation speed to match the flow characteristics of the material, it avoids fluctuations in extrusion pressure or uneven product density caused by poor material flowability.

[0051] In some examples, in extrusion molding equipment, the output shaft of the second rotary drive 16 is connected to the input end of the spiral extruder 2 via a universal joint 17. The universal joint 17 is a cross-shaped universal joint, with its two ends connected to the output shaft of the second rotary drive 16 and the input end of the spiral extruder 2 respectively via splines, achieving flexible power transmission. The central cross shaft of the cross-shaped universal joint 17 is rotatably connected to two fork-shaped joints via bearings, allowing for a certain angular deviation between the two shafts to compensate for coaxiality errors that may occur during installation.

[0052] During equipment operation, the rotational motion of the second rotary drive component 16 is transmitted to the screw extruder 2 via the universal joint 17, causing the screw extruder 2 to rotate in opposite directions. When the extrusion box 1 undergoes slight deformation due to force or the screw extruder 2 experiences slight displacement due to material pressure, the universal joint 17 can automatically adjust its angle to maintain effective power transmission and prevent the transmission system from jamming or being damaged due to rigid connections. Simultaneously, the cross-shaft structure of the universal joint 17 allows the two shafts to perform axial extension and contraction within a certain range, compensating for thermal expansion and contraction of components caused by temperature changes.

[0053] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. An extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production, characterized in that, include: An extrusion box (1) is provided with two spiral extrusion rods (2) arranged in parallel and rotating inside the extrusion box (1). The two spiral extrusion rods (2) rotate in opposite directions to extrude and transport activated carbon raw materials. The top wall of the extrusion box (1) is provided with a feeding hopper (3), which is connected to the interior of the extrusion box (1) and is located above the two spiral extrusion rods (2); The oscillating scraper (4) is oscillatingly disposed in the feed hopper (3). The bottom of the oscillating scraper (4) is provided with a scraper shovel (401). The oscillating direction of the oscillating scraper (4) forms an angle with the rotation axis direction of the spiral extrusion rod (2). The oscillating scraper (4) is configured to drive the scraper shovel (401) to oscillate and push the activated carbon raw material falling on the spiral extrusion rod (2) to dislodge the arched activated carbon raw material.

2. The extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the feed hopper (3) is provided with two sets of swing spindles (5), and the swing scraper (4) is set on the swing spindles (5). The two sets of swing spindles (5) are configured such that after swinging, they drive the two sets of swing scrapers (4) to swing at the same speed and alternately.

3. The extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production according to claim 2, characterized in that, One of the swinging main shafts (5) is provided with a top-pushing plate (6) on the swinging scraper (4). The top-pushing plate (6) and the scraper shovel (401) are located on both sides of the swinging main shaft (5). The top-pushing plate (6) is configured to contact the material falling into the feed hopper (3) after being driven to swing by the swinging scraper (4), and push the material to the inner wall on both sides of the feed hopper (3).

4. The extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top shearing plate (6) is provided with several top shearing teeth (7) at its bottom. The swing scraper (4) on the other swing spindle (5) is provided with a bottom shearing plate (8). The bottom shearing plate (8) is provided with several bottom shearing teeth (9) at its top. The two top shearing plates (6) are configured such that after being driven to swing alternately by the two swing spindles (5), they will drive several top shearing teeth (7) and several bottom shearing teeth (9) to swing alternately.

5. The extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feed hopper (3) is provided with a main rotating shaft (10), and the main rotating shaft (10) is provided with an eccentric rotating component (11). Each swing main shaft (5) is provided with an eccentric swing component (12), and also includes a connecting rod (13). The two ends of the connecting rod (13) are respectively hinged to the eccentric rotating component (11) and the eccentric swing component (12). The connecting rod (13) is configured such that after one end is driven to rotate by the eccentric rotating component (11), the other end drives the eccentric swing component (12) to swing.

6. The extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion box (1) has a material outlet (101) at one end, and an extrusion molding head (14) is detachably provided on the material outlet (101). The extrusion molding head (14) is used to extrude activated carbon material through its own opening.

7. The extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The first rotation drive is disposed on the feed hopper (3) and is used to drive the main shaft (10) to rotate.

8. The extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer wall of the feed hopper (3) is surrounded by a housing (15), and the main rotating shaft (10), the eccentric rotating component (11), the eccentric swinging component (12), the connecting rod (13) and the first rotating drive component are all located inside the housing (15).

9. The extrusion molding equipment for activated carbon production according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes two second rotation drive members (16), which drive the two spiral extrusion rods (2) to rotate respectively.

10. An extrusion molding apparatus for activated carbon production according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second rotating drive (16) and the spiral extrusion rod (2) are connected by a universal joint (17).

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