Intelligent conveying vertical transmission mechanism

Abstract

This utility model provides an intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying materials, including a belt motor, a reducer, a closed-loop synchronous belt, a toothed pressure block, a toothed fork platform, a guide rail, a limit sensor, and a tensioning device. The belt motor is mounted on the bottom base of the rotary drive feeding mechanism via a fixed bracket. The reducer is mechanically connected to adjust the power. The closed-loop synchronous belt surrounds the output wheel and the upper fixed wheel to form a vertical path. The toothed pressure block, made of high-strength wear-resistant material, is fixed to the side of the toothed fork platform with screws, and engages with the toothed grooves of the synchronous belt for transmission. The toothed fork platform slides along the guide rail, which helps prevent deviation. The limit sensor detects the lifting stroke, and the tensioning device adjusts the tension with an adjusting screw. The components are integrated into the rotary drive mechanism, and the toothed fork platform is connected to the rotary platform to achieve synchronous movement. This utility model avoids damage to the synchronous belt through the toothed pressure block, improves efficiency by combining an anti-slip coating and a low-friction coating, and uses a gripping mechanism to position the material tray. It overcomes the problems of low efficiency, insufficient accuracy, and complex maintenance of traditional transmission methods, making it suitable for automatic processing of electronic material trays.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering technology, specifically to an intelligent conveying vertical transmission mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering technology, specifically to an intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying. With the continuous improvement of industrial automation, especially in the electronics manufacturing and logistics industries, vertical transmission mechanisms play an increasingly important role in material handling, automatic loading and unloading, and precision positioning. Traditional transmission technologies such as screw drives and chain drives made significant progress in early applications, but with increasing demands for production efficiency and the trend towards equipment miniaturization, existing technologies have gradually revealed many limitations. Product design in this field has evolved from manual operation to semi-automation, and then to full automation. Especially in the automatic handling of electronic trays, the stability and durability of vertical transmission mechanisms have become key factors. However, current technologies still fall short in meeting the demands for high precision, high efficiency, and long-term use, urgently requiring innovative design to overcome bottlenecks and adapt to the higher requirements of modern industrial production for intelligence and reliability.

[0003] In existing technologies, traditional vertical transmission mechanisms mostly use screws or chains as the core components for power transmission. However, this design is prone to wear and loosening during long-term operation. While screw drives offer high precision, the threaded portion is susceptible to fatigue fracture under high loads or frequent starts, leading to increased equipment failure rates. Chain drives, due to their structural characteristics, are easily affected by dust and insufficient lubrication, resulting in frequent chain stretching deformation and disengagement, further reducing transmission efficiency. Especially for forklift platforms requiring vertical lifting, the stability of these transmission methods under dynamic loads is insufficient, making it difficult to meet the requirements of rapid and precise positioning of electronic trays. Traditional transmission mechanisms typically fix synchronous belts using clamping or bonding. These methods are prone to damage to the synchronous belt teeth over long-term use, shortening their service life, especially under high-frequency operation or heavy-load conditions.

[0004] On the other hand, existing fixing methods suffer from energy loss and inaccurate positioning during power transmission. Traditional clamping structures often rely on friction to fix the timing belt, but friction is insufficient to handle complex operating conditions, causing the timing belt to slip during lifting and lowering, affecting the vertical accuracy of the forklift platform. This slippage not only increases equipment maintenance costs but may also lead to safety hazards such as material trays falling. The installation and tensioning process of the timing belt is relatively complex, requiring operators to manually adjust the tension. Inconsistent tension can lead to decreased transmission efficiency and even premature aging of the timing belt. Especially for unloading mechanisms with integrated rotary functions, traditional technologies struggle to achieve coordinated movement between the timing belt and the rotating shaft, increasing system complexity and potential failure points.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies attempt to improve durability by optimizing the materials and lubrication conditions of transmission components. For example, they employ wear-resistant materials in the manufacture of screws or chains and introduce automatic lubrication systems to reduce friction. However, while these improvements alleviate wear problems to some extent, they do not fundamentally solve the defects of timing belt damage and insufficient positioning accuracy. Some technologies also introduce guide rail structures to assist vertical movement and reduce misalignment, but the friction of the guide rails still increases energy consumption and is difficult to adapt to high-frequency or high-load operating environments. Regarding the timing belt fixing problem, some solutions attempt to use reinforced clamping devices, but this method increases local stress on the timing belt and still cannot avoid the risk of tooth wear and breakage. Overall, the improvements in existing technologies are mostly localized optimizations and fail to comprehensively solve the efficiency, accuracy, and lifespan bottlenecks of vertical transmission mechanisms in automated equipment.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a more stable and efficient vertical transmission mechanism, which solves the problems of synchronous belt damage, insufficient positioning accuracy and low transmission efficiency in the prior art, so as to meet the high requirements of automatic processing of electronic material trays. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides an intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying. Its purpose is to avoid damage to the synchronous belt caused by traditional fixing methods by using a toothed pressure block made of high-strength, wear-resistant material that is embedded in the tooth groove of the synchronous belt, thereby improving transmission efficiency and service life. Simultaneously, it integrates a guide rail and limit sensors to achieve precise vertical lifting, and combined with a rotating platform and tensioning device, ensures stable and efficient transmission and positioning in the automatic processing of electronic trays, overcoming the problems of insufficient precision, severe wear, and complex maintenance in existing technologies.

[0008] A smart conveying vertical transmission mechanism includes a belt motor, which is located at the bottom of a rotary drive feeding mechanism and connected to the rotary drive feeding mechanism via a fixed bracket;

[0009] A speed reducer, which is mechanically connected to the belt motor and located at its output end, is used to adjust the power output;

[0010] A closed-loop synchronous belt, which forms a vertical transmission path by wrapping around the output pulley of the belt motor and the upper fixed pulley;

[0011] The toothed pressure block is made of high-strength wear-resistant material and fixed to the side of the toothed fork platform. It is connected with the toothed groove of the closed-loop synchronous belt by screws to realize power transmission and position fixation.

[0012] The toothed fork platform moves vertically via a sliding connection with a guide rail;

[0013] The guide rail is arranged vertically and slidably connected to the toothed fork platform to assist vertical movement and prevent deviation.

[0014] Limit sensors are installed at the upper and lower limit positions of the toothed fork platform to detect the lifting stroke and feed back to the control system;

[0015] And a tensioning device, the tensioning device including an adjusting screw connected to the closed-loop synchronous belt to adjust the tension force;

[0016] The belt motor, reducer, and toothed fork platform are integrated inside the rotary drive feeding mechanism.

[0017] The toothed fork platform is connected to the rotating platform via the fixed bracket to achieve synchronous rotation and vertical transmission.

[0018] Furthermore, the reducer is specifically a planetary reducer, which is integrated with the belt motor, and its output torque is adapted to the load requirements of the toothed fork platform.

[0019] Furthermore, the closed-loop synchronous belt has an anti-slip coating on its surface to enhance the meshing effect with the toothed pressure block and improve transmission efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, the limit sensor is an encoder connected to a servo motor, used to monitor the lifting position of the toothed fork platform in real time and realize closed-loop control.

[0021] Furthermore, the protective cover is made of metal and is bolted to the vertical frame of the rotary drive feeding mechanism to prevent dust from entering.

[0022] Furthermore, the belt motor is a stepper motor, which is mounted on the bottom base of the rotary drive feeding mechanism.

[0023] Furthermore, the guide rail surface is coated with a low-friction coating to reduce resistance during the lifting and lowering of the toothed fork platform.

[0024] Furthermore, the output shaft of the planetary reducer is fixed to the closed-loop synchronous belt output pulley via a key connection.

[0025] Furthermore, the toothed fork platform is also equipped with a gripping mechanism, which is used to cooperate with the rotary drive feeding mechanism to achieve precise positioning of the material tray.

[0026] Furthermore, the upper fixed wheel is mounted on top of the rotating platform via bearings to support the smooth operation of the closed-loop synchronous belt.

[0027] The intelligent vertical transmission mechanism provided by this invention offers several advantages. By using a toothed pressure block made of high-strength, wear-resistant material to achieve an embedded fit with the tooth grooves of the closed-loop synchronous belt, it effectively avoids damage to the synchronous belt teeth caused by traditional clamping or bonding methods, thus significantly extending the service life of the synchronous belt. Compared to traditional screw or chain drives, this design reduces the risk of wear and breakage. Especially under high-frequency operation or heavy-load conditions, the embedded fixation of the toothed pressure block ensures the stability of power transmission, prevents slippage, and provides a reliable transmission foundation for the automatic processing of electronic trays.

[0028] This mechanism improves transmission efficiency by integrating the belt motor and reducer, and utilizing a closed-loop synchronous belt to form a vertical transmission path. The closed-loop synchronous belt surface has an anti-slip coating, further enhancing the meshing effect with the toothed pressure block, reducing energy loss, and improving the overall operating efficiency of the transmission system. The reducer, as a planetary reducer integrated with the belt motor, has an output torque adapted to the load requirements of the toothed fork platform, ensuring smooth and precise power output, which is particularly important for automated equipment requiring precise positioning.

[0029] The introduction of guide rails is another major advantage. These guide rails are set vertically and engage with the fork platform via a sliding connection, assisting vertical movement and effectively preventing deviation. The guide rail surface is coated with a low-friction coating, significantly reducing resistance during lifting and lowering of the fork platform, improving smoothness and durability, and thus reducing equipment maintenance frequency. The application of limit sensors further enhances the system's safety and accuracy. Limit sensors are installed at the upper and lower limit positions of the fork platform, and combined with an encoder connected to a servo motor, they enable real-time monitoring and closed-loop control of the lifting stroke, effectively preventing overload or collisions and improving operational reliability.

[0030] The tensioning device design adds to the practicality of this invention. The tensioning device includes an adjusting screw, allowing for manual or automatic adjustment of the tension of the closed-loop synchronous belt to adapt to transmission requirements under different load conditions. This flexible tension adjustment mechanism ensures optimal tension of the synchronous belt during long-term use, reducing transmission problems caused by insufficient or excessive tension. The protective cover, as an auxiliary component, is made of metal and bolted to the vertical frame of the rotary drive feeding mechanism, effectively preventing dust or foreign objects from entering and enhancing the reliability and ease of maintenance of the mechanism.

[0031] The integrated design of this invention makes it outstanding in rotary drive unloading mechanisms. The toothed fork platform is connected to the rotary platform via a fixed bracket, achieving coordinated operation of synchronous rotation and vertical transmission. The upper fixed wheel is mounted on the top of the rotary platform via bearings, supporting the smooth operation of the closed-loop synchronous belt. Simultaneously, the gripping mechanism is mounted on the toothed fork platform, cooperating with the rotary drive unloading mechanism to achieve precise positioning of the material tray. This multi-functional integrated design not only improves the level of automation but also reduces the complexity of the system, making it highly adaptable and efficient in electronic tray intelligent storage and retrieval towers, comprehensively solving the problems of low efficiency, insufficient accuracy, and short lifespan in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Appendix Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0033] Appendix Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged view of the toothed fork platform of this utility model;

[0034] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the core components of the synchronous belt drive system of this utility model;

[0035] Appendix Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the vertical transmission mechanism of this utility model;

[0036] Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front mounting of the lifting synchronous belt according to this utility model;

[0037] Appendix Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting synchronous belt mounted on the back of this utility model.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1. Material tray; 2. Tooth fork; 3. Pressure plate; 4. Synchronous belt drive; 5. Linear bearing; 6. Positioning cone; 7. Cylinder linkage device; 8. Servo motor and synchronous belt assembly; 9. Synchronous belt pressure block; 10. Bolt assembly; 11. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. The utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] This utility model provides an intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying, aiming to solve the problems of synchronous belt damage, insufficient positioning accuracy, and low transmission efficiency in existing technologies. The overall structure is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, this mechanism is integrated inside the rotary drive feeding mechanism and mainly consists of a material tray 1, a toothed fork 2, a pressure plate 3, a synchronous belt drive device 4, a linear bearing 5, a positioning cone 6, a cylinder linkage device 7, a servo motor and synchronous belt assembly 8, a synchronous belt 9, a synchronous belt pressure block 10, and a bolt assembly 11. The belt motor is mounted on the bottom base of the rotary drive feeding mechanism via a fixed bracket, providing a stable power source for the entire mechanism. The reducer is mechanically connected to the belt motor and located at its output end to adjust the power output to adapt to different load requirements. The synchronous belt 9 wraps around the output wheel of the belt motor and the upper fixed wheel, forming a vertical transmission path. The synchronous belt pressure block 10 is fixed to the side of the toothed fork 2 platform via the bolt assembly 11, and engages with the toothed groove of the synchronous belt 9 to achieve power transmission and position fixation. The toothed fork 2 platform moves vertically by sliding connection with the guide rail. The guide rail is set vertically and slides with the toothed fork 2 platform via the linear bearing 5 to assist vertical movement and prevent deviation, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 4 The cross-sectional view shows in detail the fit between the guide rail and the linear bearing 5, and their supporting function. (Attached) Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 The diagrams show the front and back installation of the timing belt 9, illustrating its closed-loop layout and connection method with the upper fixed pulley. (Attached) Figure 1The overall structural diagram further illustrates the spatial distribution of the material tray 1, toothed fork 2, pressure plate 3, and synchronous belt drive device 4 in the mechanism, as well as the drive layout of the cylinder linkage device 7.

[0042] Specifically, limit sensors are installed at the upper and lower limit positions of the fork platform 2 to detect the lifting stroke and feed back to the control system to ensure operational safety. The cylinder linkage device 7 is connected to the fork platform 2 to drive the extension and retraction of the fork 2 to achieve the gripping and releasing of the material tray 1. The servo motor and synchronous belt combination 8 works in conjunction with the limit sensors to achieve closed-loop control and ensure lifting accuracy, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 2 The enlarged view clearly shows the relationship between the limit sensor and the upper and lower ends of the toothed fork 2 platform, as well as the connection position between the cylinder linkage device 7 and the toothed fork 2. The timing belt 9 is fixed by the timing belt clamp 10 to provide reliable transmission. The bolt assembly 11 connects to the timing belt 9 to adjust the tension and optimize transmission performance. Figure 3 The assembly diagram of the core components of the synchronous belt drive system shows the fixing details of the synchronous belt 9 and the synchronous belt pressure block 10, as well as the installation layout of the bolt assembly 11. The lifting and lowering of the pressure plate 3 is controlled by the cylinder linkage device 7, and the auxiliary positioning cone 6 is aligned with the material tray 1. Figure 2 The fit between the positioning cone 6 and the material tray 1 is visible in the partial diagram. Figure 1 The integrated layout of the cylinder linkage device 7, the toothed fork 2 platform, and the pressure plate 3 is clearly visible in the overall diagram. (Attached) Figure 4 The cross-sectional view further illustrates the sliding fit between the guide rail and the linear bearing 5, and its stable support for the toothed fork 2 platform. Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 The installation diagram shows the auxiliary fixing structure of the timing belt 9 and the timing belt pressure block 10. Figure 3 The assembly relationship of the intermediate synchronous belt drive device 4 enhances the stability and efficiency of the transmission system.

[0043] During operation, the belt motor drives the reducer, which in turn drives the synchronous belt drive unit 4. The synchronous belt 9 transmits power to the toothed fork 2 platform through the synchronous belt pressure block 10, achieving vertical lifting and lowering along the guide rail, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 4 The cross-sectional view clearly shows this power transmission path and the supporting role of the guide rail and linear bearing 5, ensuring the smooth movement of the fork 2 platform. The fork 2 extends to grip the material tray 1, the pressure plate 3 is raised and fixed in position, the positioning cone 6 assists in alignment, and the fork 2 retracts and the pressure plate 3 descends to complete the release. Figure 1 The overall diagram illustrates the dynamic gripping process of the material tray 1 under the action of the fork 2 and the pressure plate 3. (Attached) Figure 2 The partial view details the precise alignment of the positioning cone 6 and the material tray 1, and the driving effect of the cylinder linkage device 7. Limit sensors monitor the lifting stroke, the servo motor and synchronous belt combination 8 ensures accuracy, and the cylinder linkage device 7 drives the action. Figure 3The image shows the integration details of the servo motor synchronous belt assembly 8 and the limit sensor, as well as the connection relationship between the cylinder linkage device 7 and the toothed fork 2. (Attached image) Figure 1 In the overall diagram, the drive path of the cylinder linkage device 7 works in conjunction with the synchronous belt drive device 4. The linear bearing 5 supports the smooth sliding of the guide rail, and the bolt assembly 11 adjusts the tension. Figure 4 The even distribution of the linear bearing 5 enhances its durability. Figure 3 The connection point between the central bolt assembly 11 and the timing belt 9 demonstrates the flexibility of adjustment. The timing belt clamp 10 assists in fixing its structural stability. Figure 3 The auxiliary function of the synchronous belt pressure block 10 further optimizes the fixing effect. Figure 2 The integration of the synchronous belt pressure block 10 and the toothed fork 2 platform is visible in the partial diagram.

[0044] This invention achieves automatic processing of the material tray 1 through the coordinated operation of the aforementioned components. The belt motor starts, and power is transmitted to the synchronous belt 9 via a reducer. The synchronous belt pressure block 10 drives the fork platform 2, which extends to grip the material tray 1. Figure 2 The contact point between the fork 2 and the feed tray 1 is visible in the dynamic details. Figure 1 The overall diagram shows the initial movement and the drive layout of the cylinder linkage 7. A guide rail guides the movement, a linear bearing 5 reduces friction, and a limit sensor ensures safety. Figure 4 The cross-sectional view shows the mechanical path and the supporting role of the linear bearing 5. Figure 1 The vertical arrangement of the guide rail and the sliding engagement of the toothed fork platform 2 are readily apparent. The cylinder linkage device 7 drives the lifting and lowering of the pressure plate 3, and the positioning cone 6 aligns with the material tray 1. Figure 1 The overall diagram demonstrates the coordination between the cylinder linkage device 7 and the pressure plate 3. (Attached) Figure 2 The precise positioning of the central positioning cone 6 and the fixing effect of the pressure plate 3 complement each other. The timing belt pressure block 10 and bolt assembly 11 optimize tension, and... Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 Details support transmission stability, attached Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 The fixing relationship between the timing belt pressure block 10 and the timing belt 9 is clear. Figure 3 The power transmission path of the synchronous belt drive 4 is closely related to the adjustment function of the bolt assembly 11. The servo motor synchronous belt combination 8 achieves closed-loop control. Figure 3 The integration relationship is clear, with appendices Figure 4 The sliding fit between the guide rail and the toothed fork platform 2 further optimizes the transmission process. Figure 2 The coordinated operation of the servo motor synchronous belt combination 8 and the limit sensor enhances accuracy. The overall solution, through the attached... Figures 1 to 6 The combination of text and images overcomes the shortcomings of low transmission efficiency, insufficient precision, and short lifespan, achieving stable and efficient vertical transmission.

[0045] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. Other parts of this utility model not described in detail belong to the prior art and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying, characterized in that, Includes a belt motor, which is located at the bottom of the rotary drive feeding mechanism and connected to the rotary drive feeding mechanism via a fixed bracket; A speed reducer, which is mechanically connected to the belt motor and located at its output end, is used to adjust the power output; A closed-loop synchronous belt, which forms a vertical transmission path by wrapping around the output pulley of the belt motor and the upper fixed pulley; The toothed pressure block is made of high-strength wear-resistant material and fixed to the side of the toothed fork platform. It is connected with the toothed groove of the closed-loop synchronous belt by screws to realize power transmission and position fixation. A toothed fork platform, which moves vertically by sliding connection with a guide rail; A guide rail is provided vertically and slidably connected to the toothed fork platform to assist vertical movement and prevent deviation. Limit sensors are installed at the upper and lower limit positions of the toothed fork platform to detect the lifting stroke and provide feedback to the control system; And a tensioning device, the tensioning device including an adjusting screw connected to the closed-loop synchronous belt to adjust the tension force; The belt motor, reducer, and toothed fork platform are integrated inside the rotary drive feeding mechanism. The toothed fork platform is connected to the rotating platform via the fixed bracket to achieve synchronous rotation and vertical transmission.

2. The intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reducer is specifically a planetary reducer, which is integrated with the belt motor and its output torque is adapted to the load requirements of the toothed fork platform.

3. The intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The closed-loop synchronous belt has an anti-slip coating on its surface to enhance the meshing effect with the toothed pressure block and improve transmission efficiency.

4. The intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limit sensor is an encoder connected to a servo motor, used to monitor the lifting position of the toothed fork platform in real time and achieve closed-loop control.

5. The intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective cover is made of metal and is fixed to the vertical frame of the rotary drive feeding mechanism with bolts to prevent dust from entering.

6. The intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The belt motor is a stepper motor, which is mounted on the bottom base of the rotary drive feeding mechanism.

7. The intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide rail surface is coated with a low-friction coating to reduce resistance during the lifting and lowering of the toothed fork platform.

8. The intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying according to claim 2, characterized in that, The output shaft of the planetary reducer is fixed to the closed-loop synchronous belt output pulley via a key connection.

9. The intelligent vertical transmission mechanism for conveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The toothed fork platform is also equipped with a gripping mechanism, which works in conjunction with the rotary drive feeding mechanism to achieve precise positioning of the material tray.

10. The intelligent conveying vertical transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper fixed wheel is mounted on the top of the rotating platform via bearings to support the smooth operation of the closed-loop synchronous belt.

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