An improved drafting device for roving frames

Abstract

This invention discloses an improved drafting device for a roving frame, comprising a frame, a fixed roller, a movable roller, an adjusting assembly, and a transmission assembly. The adjusting assembly forms a closed-loop system with a pressure sensor, a hydraulic cylinder, and a controller, employing a PID algorithm to achieve precise control of the pressure between the rollers. The transmission assembly utilizes a spiral bevel gear pair combined with a prism-perforated and progressive spring structure to ensure stable transmission during the lifting and lowering of the movable roller. The device also features adaptive PID parameter adjustment, automatically optimizing control parameters according to fiber type. Compared with traditional technologies, this invention offers higher pressure control accuracy, effectively improving production efficiency and intelligence, while reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of spinning machine technology, and more specifically, to an improved drafting device for roving frames. Background Technology

[0002] In the roving production process of the textile industry, the drafting device is the core component that determines the yarn quality and production efficiency. Traditional roving frame drafting devices mainly rely on mechanical structures to achieve roller spacing adjustment and pressure control, which has the following significant drawbacks:

[0003] Traditional equipment adjusts the roller spacing by manually tightening nuts or replacing shims, achieving an adjustment accuracy of only ±0.5mm, and each adjustment is time-consuming. For multi-variety, small-batch production scenarios (such as switching between different fibers like cotton, linen, and synthetic fibers), frequent manual adjustments not only reduce production efficiency but also easily lead to uneven roller pressure due to operational errors, resulting in uneven yarn drying and increasing the breakage rate in subsequent processes.

[0004] Traditional mechanical pressurization methods (such as spring pressurization and weight pressurization) cannot respond in real time to changes in fiber thickness or equipment vibration, and the pressure fluctuation range can reach ±1MPa. When the roving frame is running at high speed (such as speed ≥1000r / min), mechanical inertia and vibration will further amplify the pressure fluctuation, resulting in unstable draft ratio and seriously affecting the consistency of yarn quality.

[0005] When the movable roller is raised or lowered, traditional transmission mechanisms are prone to disengagement or slippage due to shaft misalignment. For example, when the movable roller's lifting stroke exceeds 3mm, the tooth surface contact rate of the spur bevel gear may drop below 60%, resulting in a decrease in transmission efficiency (≤90%) and accelerated gear wear. The gears need to be replaced every 3-6 months, leading to high maintenance costs.

[0006] Traditional equipment lacks real-time monitoring and fault early warning capabilities, relying on manual inspections to detect potential problems such as spring fatigue and bearing wear in advance. Statistics show that downtime due to sudden malfunctions accounts for 15%-20% of the total downtime for traditional drawing machines, with troubleshooting taking an average of over 4 hours. Furthermore, traditional equipment cannot interface with the factory's digital systems, requiring manual recording of production data and hindering process traceability and capacity optimization.

[0007] The research and development objective of this application is to provide a roving frame drafting device that combines high-precision control, adaptive transmission, and intelligent management, addressing the shortcomings of the aforementioned traditional technologies. Through the integration of pressure closed-loop control, spiral bevel gear adaptive transmission, and Internet of Things technology, it significantly improves yarn quality, production efficiency, and equipment reliability while reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and to propose an improved drafting device for roving frames, which includes:

[0009] The frame includes a left upright plate and a right upright plate; used for mounting fixed rollers and movable rollers;

[0010] A fixed roller is fixedly mounted on the left and right upright plates via a main bearing assembly, and a drive motor is installed on the frame at the right end of the fixed roller, the drive motor being connected to the fixed roller in a transmission manner;

[0011] The movable roller is provided with a mounting block, which is movably mounted on the frame. The movable roller is movably mounted on the frame via a bearing inside the mounting block, and one end of the movable roller extends out of the frame through the bearing and is connected to the fixed roller via a transmission assembly.

[0012] The adjustment component is used to adjust the distance between the moving roller and the fixed roller, thereby meeting the drafting requirements of different roving frames.

[0013] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a fixed plate, a guide rod, and a hydraulic cylinder; the bottom of the guide rod is abutted against the mounting block; the top of the guide rod passes through the mounting hole of the fixed plate, and a limit nut is fixedly provided on the top of the guide rod.

[0014] Preferably, a compression spring is sleeved on the guide rod, the top of the compression spring abuts against a limit block, and the limit block is slidably connected to the guide rod; a pressure sensor is provided between the limit block and the fixing plate.

[0015] Preferably, an intermediate bearing block is fixedly connected to the end of the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder; the intermediate bearing block is installed together with the movable roller; the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod can adjust the lifting and lowering of the movable roller, thereby adjusting the distance between the movable roller and the fixed roller.

[0016] Preferably, the adjustment component further includes a feedback adjustment system; the feedback adjustment system includes a controller, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is signal-connected to the solenoid valve of the hydraulic cylinder. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor deviates from the preset range, the controller adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve through a PID algorithm to adjust the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod.

[0017] Preferably, the preset range is 8-12 MPa, the proportional coefficient of the PID algorithm is 0.5-1.2, the integral time constant is 10-30 seconds, and the derivative time constant is 2-5 seconds.

[0018] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a first bevel gear fixedly mounted on the end of the fixed roller and a second bevel gear disposed on the end of the movable roller. The second bevel gear has a prism through hole in the middle, and the prism through hole slides with the transmission rod disposed on the end of the movable roller, thereby allowing the second bevel gear to slide axially while maintaining torque transmission.

[0019] Preferably, a compression spring is fitted on the transmission rod between the movable roller and the second bevel gear, so that the second bevel gear and the first bevel gear are always kept in a transmission connection state by the compression spring.

[0020] Preferably, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are spiral bevel gears with a helix angle of 15°-30° and the tooth surface is modified by a modification amount of 0.02-0.05mm.

[0021] Preferably, the compression spring is a progressive stiffness spring, which provides lower stiffness at small displacements and higher stiffness at large displacements, and the end of the compression spring is provided with a damping rubber pad.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] By using a pressure sensor and a PID algorithm in tandem, the pressure between the moving roller and the fixed roller can be kept stable, effectively avoiding uneven yarn drying caused by pressure fluctuations and significantly improving yarn quality.

[0024] By setting a pressure range and a dynamic adjustment mechanism, the equipment can automatically adapt to the drawing requirements of different fiber raw materials, eliminating the need for frequent manual adjustments and greatly improving production efficiency and the convenience of process switching.

[0025] By combining spiral bevel gears with tooth surface modification, the bevel gear pair can maintain a good meshing state during the lifting and lowering of the moving roller, reducing wear and noise during transmission and extending the service life of the gears.

[0026] By using the sliding fit between the prism perforation and the progressive stiffness spring, the second bevel gear can automatically adjust its position when the movable roller moves, maintaining stable transmission and avoiding disengagement, thus ensuring the reliability of the transmission system.

[0027] Through the synergistic cooperation of the aforementioned innovative technologies, this device further upgrades traditional machinery to digital and intelligent levels. It enables the drafting device of roving frames to achieve high-precision pressure control, stable transmission, and intelligent adjustment, thereby improving the overall operational stability, production efficiency, and product quality of the equipment, reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs, and enhancing market competitiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an improved drafting device for a roving frame proposed in this utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure of section A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the internal structure of the transmission box in an improved drafting device for a roving frame.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a functional block diagram of the feedback adjustment system in an improved roving frame drafting device.

[0032] 1 - Frame; 11 - Left upright plate; 12 - Right upright plate; 2 - Fixed roller; 3 - Movable roller; 31 - Mounting block; 13 - Drive motor; 41 - Fixed plate; 42 - Guide rod; 43 - Hydraulic cylinder; 44 - Pressure spring; 45 - Limit block; 46 - Limit nut; 47 - Hydraulic rod; 48 - Intermediate bearing block; 410 - Pressure sensor; 411 - Controller; 5 - Transmission assembly; 51 - Bevel gear one; 52 - Bevel gear two; 53 - Transmission rod; 54 - Pressure spring (for transmission assembly). Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0034] Referring to the figures, this embodiment provides an improved drafting device for a roving frame, which includes:

[0035] The frame 1 includes a left upright plate 11 and a right upright plate 12; used for mounting the fixed roller 2 and the movable roller 3.

[0036] The fixed roller 2 is fixedly installed between the left vertical plate 11 and the right vertical plate 12 via a main bearing assembly, and a drive motor 13 is provided on the frame 1 at the right end of the fixed roller 2, and the drive motor 13 is connected to the fixed roller 2 in a transmission manner.

[0037] The movable roller 3 is provided with a mounting block 31, which is movably mounted on the frame 1. The movable roller 3 is movably mounted on the frame through the bearing inside the mounting block 31, and one end of the movable roller 3 extends out of the frame through the bearing and is connected to the fixed roller 2 through the transmission component 5. It should be noted that a linear guide rail can be added to the mounting block according to the actual application scenario. The guide rail accuracy level is set to H6, so as to ensure that the lifting accuracy of the movable roller (3) is ≤ ±0.03mm, and further ensure the realization of the subsequent adjustment components.

[0038] The adjustment component is used to adjust the distance between the moving roller 3 and the fixed roller 2, thereby meeting the drafting requirements of different roving frames.

[0039] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a fixed plate 41, a guide rod 42, and a hydraulic cylinder 43. The bottom of the guide rod 41 is abutted against the mounting block 31. The top of the guide rod 42 passes through the mounting hole of the fixed plate 41, and a limit nut 46 is fixedly provided on the top of the guide rod 42.

[0040] Furthermore, a compression spring 44 is sleeved on the guide rod 41, and the top of the compression spring 44 abuts against a limit block 45, and the limit block 45 is slidably connected to the guide rod 42; a pressure sensor 410 is provided between the limit block 45 and the fixing plate 41, and the position of the guide rod 41 can be limited by the combined action of the limit nut 46 and the limit block, thereby fixing the position of the movable roller 3.

[0041] Furthermore, an intermediate bearing block 48 is fixedly connected to the end of the hydraulic rod 47 of the hydraulic cylinder 43; the intermediate bearing block 48 is installed together with the movable roller 3; the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod 47 can adjust the lifting and lowering of the movable roller, thereby adjusting the distance between the movable roller 3 and the fixed roller 2. Here, as another embodiment of the solution, a servo motor plus a ball screw can also be used to replace the hydraulic cylinder to further eliminate the risk of oil leakage.

[0042] Furthermore, the adjustment component also includes a feedback adjustment system; the feedback adjustment system includes a controller 411, the pressure sensor 410 is electrically connected to the controller 411, and the controller 411 is connected to the solenoid valve signal of the hydraulic cylinder 43. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 410 deviates from the preset range, the controller 411 adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve through a PID algorithm to adjust the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod 47.

[0043] Furthermore, the preset range is 8-12 MPa, the proportional coefficient of the PID algorithm is 0.5-1.2, the integral time constant is 10-30 seconds, and the derivative time constant is 2-5 seconds.

[0044] Furthermore, the transmission assembly 5 includes a first bevel gear 51 fixedly mounted on the end of the fixed roller and a second bevel gear 52 disposed on the end of the movable roller. The second bevel gear has a prism through hole in the middle, and the prism through hole slides with the transmission rod 53 disposed on the end of the movable roller, thereby allowing the second bevel gear 52 to slide axially while maintaining torque transmission.

[0045] Furthermore, a compression spring 54 is fitted on the transmission rod 53 between the movable roller 3 and the second bevel gear 52. The compression spring 54 keeps the second bevel gear 52 and the first bevel gear 51 in a continuous transmission connection. Here, the second bevel gear 52 slides along the transmission rod 53, and the spring 54 provides axial preload.

[0046] Furthermore, the first bevel gear 51 and the second bevel gear 52 are helical bevel gears with a helix angle of 15°-30°, and the tooth surface has been modified with a modification amount of 0.02-0.05mm.

[0047] Furthermore, the compression spring 54 is a progressive stiffness spring, which provides lower stiffness at small displacements and higher stiffness at large displacements, and the end of the compression spring 54 is provided with a damping rubber pad.

[0048] The compression springs described in the above embodiments are all made of 60Si2MnA spring steel, with a nitrided surface and a fatigue life ≥10. 7 This cycle further improves the durability of the spring.

[0049] In the above embodiments, the improved roving frame drafting device achieves high-precision drafting of fiber materials through the coordinated operation of pressure closed-loop control and adaptive transmission system. Its core principle is as follows:

[0050] The pressure sensor monitors the pressure between the moving roller and the stationary roller in real time. When the detected value deviates from the preset range (8-12MPa), the controller calculates the deviation through the PID algorithm and adjusts the hydraulic solenoid valve to drive the hydraulic cylinder to precisely adjust the position of the moving roller, forming a closed-loop control.

[0051] During the lifting and lowering of the movable roller, bevel gear two slides on the transmission rod through prism perforations and is provided with axial preload by a progressive stiffness spring, ensuring good meshing with bevel gear one at all times. The design of the spiral bevel gear further improves transmission stability and shock resistance.

[0052] When using machinery in practice:

[0053] Operators input the fiber type (such as cotton, linen, or synthetic fiber) and target draw ratio through the control panel.

[0054] The controller automatically retrieves preset pressure parameters (e.g., 10MPa for cotton fibers) and PID control parameters (proportional coefficient 0.8, integral time 20 seconds, derivative time 3 seconds).

[0055] The drive motor starts, causing the fixed roller to rotate, which in turn drives the movable roller to rotate synchronously through the bevel gear pair.

[0056] The pressure sensor collects the pressure data of the compression spring in real time (e.g., the current value is 9.5 MPa) and transmits it to the controller.

[0057] If the detected value is lower than the preset value (e.g., 9.5MPa < 10MPa), the controller calculates the output value through the PID algorithm, increases the opening of the solenoid valve, and causes the hydraulic cylinder to push the movable roller closer to the fixed roller until the pressure is restored to 10MPa.

[0058] When the stretching force needs to be adjusted, the operator triggers the adjustment command, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the movable roller to rise (e.g., rise by 3mm).

[0059] The second bevel gear slides synchronously on the prism drive rod, but the preload provided by the progressive stiffness spring remains within a suitable range (e.g., increasing from the initial 80N to 120N).

[0060] The modified tooth surface of the spiral bevel gear ensures that the tooth surface contact rate remains above 85% even when the axis is offset, thus maintaining stable transmission.

[0061] When a sudden change in fiber thickness causes pressure fluctuations (such as an instantaneous rise to 11.5 MPa), the differential circuit responds quickly, reducing the opening of the solenoid valve in advance to suppress the upward pressure trend.

[0062] The integral stage gradually eliminates static errors, ensuring that the system pressure remains stable within ±0.2MPa after long-term operation.

[0063] The key technical parameters implemented in the above embodiments include the following details:

[0064] 1. PID Algorithm Parameter Tuning

[0065] Proportional coefficient (Kp=0.8): Rapid response to pressure deviation, enabling the system to complete 60% adjustment within 1 second.

[0066] Integration time (Ti=20 seconds): Eliminate steady-state error within 5-10 seconds to avoid overshoot caused by integration saturation.

[0067] Differential time (Td=3 seconds): Predicts pressure change trends and controls overshoot within 0.5MPa.

[0068] 2. Precision fit of bevel gear pairs

[0069] The spiral bevel gear with a helix angle of 20° has an overlap ratio of 1.8 and a single pair of gear transmission efficiency of ≥98%.

[0070] The tooth surface modification amount is 0.03mm, which effectively compensates for the axial offset (≤±2°) caused by the movement of the roller.

[0071] 3. Characteristics of progressive stiffness springs

[0072] The stiffness is 15 N / mm for small displacements (0-5 mm) to provide flexible buffering; the stiffness increases to 25 N / mm for large displacements (5-10 mm) to prevent excessive compression.

[0073] The damping rubber pad absorbs vibrations with a frequency ≥100Hz, reducing the system vibration amplitude to below 0.05mm.

[0074] The roving frame drafting device mentioned in the above embodiments, through intelligent improvements, has the following advantages over traditional roving frames:

[0075] By using a pressure sensor and a PID algorithm in tandem, the pressure between the moving roller and the fixed roller can be kept stable, effectively avoiding uneven yarn drying caused by pressure fluctuations and significantly improving yarn quality.

[0076] By setting a pressure range and a dynamic adjustment mechanism, the equipment can automatically adapt to the drawing requirements of different fiber raw materials, eliminating the need for frequent manual adjustments and greatly improving production efficiency and the convenience of process switching.

[0077] By combining spiral bevel gears with tooth surface modification, the bevel gear pair can maintain a good meshing state during the lifting and lowering of the moving roller, reducing wear and noise during transmission and extending the service life of the gears.

[0078] By using the sliding fit between the prism perforation and the progressive stiffness spring, the second bevel gear can automatically adjust its position when the movable roller moves, maintaining stable transmission and avoiding disengagement, thus ensuring the reliability of the transmission system.

[0079] This device, through the synergistic cooperation of the aforementioned innovative technologies and modular design, can upgrade and transform a traditional roving frame within 4 hours, while retaining the original mechanical structure, reducing transformation costs, and further realizing the digital and intelligent upgrade of traditional machinery. It enables the roving frame drafting device to achieve high-precision pressure control, stable transmission, and intelligent adjustment, thereby improving the overall operational stability, production efficiency, and product quality of the equipment, reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs, and enhancing market competitiveness.

[0080] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model, should be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0081] Furthermore, it should be understood in the description of this utility model that the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0082] Furthermore, in this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. An improved roving frame drafting device characterized in that, include The frame includes a left upright plate and a right upright plate; used for mounting fixed rollers and movable rollers; A fixed roller is fixedly mounted on the left and right upright plates via a main bearing assembly, and a drive motor is installed on the frame at the right end of the fixed roller, the drive motor being connected to the fixed roller in a transmission manner; The movable roller is provided with a mounting block, which is movably mounted on the frame. The movable roller is movably mounted on the frame via a bearing inside the mounting block, and one end of the movable roller extends out of the frame through the bearing and is connected to the fixed roller via a transmission assembly. The adjustment component is used to adjust the distance between the moving roller and the fixed roller, thereby meeting the drafting requirements of different roving frames.

2. An improved drafting arrangement for a roving frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The adjustment assembly includes a fixed plate, a guide rod, and a hydraulic cylinder. The bottom of the guide rod is abutted against the mounting block. The top of the guide rod passes through the mounting hole of the fixed plate, and a limit nut is fixedly installed on the top of the guide rod. A compression spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and the top of the compression spring abuts against the limit block, and the limit block is slidably connected to the guide rod. A pressure sensor is installed between the limiting block and the fixing plate.

3. An improved roving frame drafting arrangement according to claim 2, wherein, The hydraulic cylinder has an intermediate bearing block fixedly connected to the end of its hydraulic rod; the intermediate bearing block is installed together with the movable roller; the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod can adjust the lifting and lowering of the movable roller, thereby adjusting the distance between the movable roller and the fixed roller.

4. An improved drafting arrangement for a roving frame as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The adjustment component also includes a feedback adjustment system; the feedback adjustment system includes a controller, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is signal-connected to the solenoid valve of the hydraulic cylinder. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor deviates from the preset range, the controller adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve through a PID algorithm to adjust the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod.

5. An improved drafting arrangement for a roving frame as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The transmission assembly includes a first bevel gear fixedly mounted on the end of the fixed roller and a second bevel gear disposed on the end of the movable roller. The second bevel gear has a prism through hole in the middle, and the prism through hole slides with the transmission rod disposed on the end of the movable roller, thereby allowing the second bevel gear to slide axially while maintaining torque transmission.

6. An improved drafting arrangement for a roving frame as claimed in claim 1 wherein, A compression spring is fitted on the transmission rod between the movable roller and the second bevel gear, and the compression spring keeps the second bevel gear and the first bevel gear in a continuous transmission connection.

7. An improved drafting arrangement for a roving frame as claimed in claim 5 wherein, The first and second bevel gears are helical bevel gears with a helix angle of 15°-30° and their tooth surfaces have been modified by a modification amount of 0.02-0.05 mm.

8. An improved drafting arrangement for a roving frame as claimed in claim 6, wherein, The compression spring is a progressive stiffness spring, which provides lower stiffness for small displacements and higher stiffness for large displacements, and the end of the compression spring is provided with a damping rubber pad.

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