A swirl-type pulverized coal burner

Abstract

This utility model relates to a pulverized coal burner, specifically a swirl-type pulverized coal burner, including a combustion furnace and a support disposed on one side of the combustion furnace. A swirl mixing device is disposed on the support, and one end of the swirl mixing device is connected to a jet channel. The beneficial effects of this utility model are: by setting an opening and closing mechanism at the bottom of the hopper, the opening and closing mechanism and the swirl device are integrated into the same motor drive system, forming a synergistic mechanism: when the motor is running, on the one hand, it drives the swirl device to generate airflow disturbance, providing power for mixing air and pulverized coal; at the same time, when the motor shaft rotates, it generates rotational centrifugal force, which synchronously drives the opening and closing mechanism to open. Utilizing the positive correlation between rotational speed and opening degree, the higher the motor speed, the larger the opening degree of the opening and closing mechanism, and vice versa, it achieves precise control of the pulverized coal feed rate, realizes dynamic matching between swirl intensity and pulverized coal feed rate, ensures a stable air-coal ratio under different loads, and improves combustion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a pulverized coal burner, specifically a swirl-type pulverized coal burner. Background Technology

[0002] Pulverized coal is a powdered product of coal obtained by drying, crushing, grinding and other processing of raw coal. Pulverized coal has a wide range of uses and is an important raw material in fields such as blast furnace ironmaking. A pulverized coal burner is a key device that efficiently injects pulverized coal into the furnace and achieves stable combustion. It uses high-temperature hot air or steam to transport the dried pulverized coal through a conveying pipeline to the burner. After being fully mixed with air, it is injected into the furnace to ensure that the pulverized coal is quickly ignited and fully burned in a high-temperature environment, thereby converting the chemical energy of the pulverized coal into thermal energy, providing the heat source required for industrial production or for power generation.

[0003] A hopper is installed on the pulverized coal conveying pipeline to control the feeding of pulverized coal. In traditional pulverized coal burners, the pulverized coal feeding amount and air mixing are driven by separate motors, and the process is regulated by separate control motors. This not only leads to a complex system structure, but also easily causes inconsistent coordination of various components, resulting in an unstable air-coal ratio, affecting the uniformity of pulverized coal and air mixing, and making blockages more likely.

[0004] Traditional pulverized coal burners have drawbacks in controlling pulverized coal feeding and air mixing. They typically have a hopper installed on the conveying pipeline, which, while achieving some degree of pulverized coal feeding control, results in a complex system structure due to the use of independent motors to drive the pulverized coal feeding and air mixing devices separately. More importantly, this decentralized control method makes it difficult to ensure precise synchronization of the actions of each component, causing fluctuations in the air-coal ratio during actual operation. This severely affects the uniformity of pulverized coal and air mixing, thereby reducing combustion efficiency and potentially leading to incomplete combustion in certain areas. Furthermore, the poor coordination between components in the independent motor drive system can easily cause pulverized coal to clog the conveying pipeline, affecting the continuous and stable operation of the burner and increasing the workload of equipment maintenance and the risk of failure. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a swirl-type pulverized coal burner to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A swirl-type pulverized coal burner includes a combustion furnace and a support disposed on one side of the combustion furnace. A swirl mixing device is disposed on the support. One end of the swirl mixing device is connected to a jetting channel, which communicates with the interior of the combustion furnace. A feed hopper and a discharge pipe disposed at the bottom of the feed hopper are disposed at the top of the swirl mixing device. The discharge pipe is fixed to the top of the jetting channel. A drive motor and a rotating shaft fixed on the drive motor are fixedly installed at one end of the swirl mixing device. A mechanical transmission mechanism and a discharge mechanism connected to the mechanical transmission mechanism are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft.

[0008] The material feeding mechanism includes a centrifugal expansion mechanism fixed on the mechanical transmission mechanism and an opening and closing mechanism disposed on the centrifugal expansion mechanism. The opening and closing mechanism is disposed at the outlet at the bottom of the material feeding tube.

[0009] The swirl-type pulverized coal burner as described above: the mechanical transmission mechanism includes a belt drive mechanism fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and a helical gear mechanism disposed on the belt drive mechanism, wherein a drive shaft is connected to the helical gear mechanism.

[0010] As described above, the swirl-type pulverized coal burner includes a centrifugal expansion mechanism comprising a rotating disk connected to the top of a drive shaft and two sliding cavities formed on the rotating disk, each with two counterweights slidably mounted on it.

[0011] As described above, the swirl-type pulverized coal burner includes two guide columns fixed to two sliding chambers, with springs sleeved on the guide columns and two counterweights slidably mounted on the two guide columns.

[0012] As described above, in the swirl-type pulverized coal burner: the two springs are respectively connected to two counterweights, and the rear ends of the two counterweights are connected to connectors.

[0013] The swirl-type pulverized coal burner described above has an opening and closing mechanism including an annular component connected to one end of the rotating disk and a sliding groove formed on the annular component. Two opening and closing plates for blocking the bottom of the material drop pipe are slidably installed on the sliding groove.

[0014] As described above, in a swirl-type pulverized coal burner: a rotating mounting plate is fixedly installed on the feed pipe, the annular component is rotatably mounted on the rotating mounting plate, and the two opening and closing plates are respectively connected to two connecting components.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By setting an opening and closing mechanism at the bottom of the hopper, the opening and closing mechanism and the swirling device are integrated into the same motor drive system to form a synergistic mechanism: When the motor is running, on the one hand, it drives the swirling device to generate airflow disturbance, providing power for the mixing of air and coal powder; at the same time, when the motor shaft rotates, it generates rotational centrifugal force, which synchronously drives the opening and closing mechanism to open. Utilizing the positive correlation between rotational speed and opening degree, the higher the motor speed, the larger the opening degree of the opening and closing mechanism, and vice versa, the precise control of the coal powder feed rate is achieved, and the dynamic matching of swirling intensity and coal powder feed rate is realized, ensuring a stable air-coal ratio under different loads and improving combustion efficiency.

[0016] This utility model eliminates the need for an independent feeding drive device through mechanical linkage, reducing equipment complexity and cost; it achieves dynamic matching between swirl intensity and pulverized coal feed rate by using rotation speed parameters, ensuring a stable air-coal ratio under different loads and improving combustion efficiency; at the same time, single parameter control simplifies the operation process, reduces response lag, effectively avoids pulverized coal blockage, and reduces maintenance frequency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the swirl-type pulverized coal burner and the combustion furnace.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and side view of the combustion furnace in a swirl-type pulverized coal burner.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a swirl-type pulverized coal burner.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding hopper, mechanical transmission mechanism, and material discharge mechanism in a swirl-type pulverized coal burner.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the material discharge pipe and material discharge mechanism in a swirl-type pulverized coal burner.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembly of the material feeding mechanism in a swirl-type pulverized coal burner.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding mechanism in a swirl-type pulverized coal burner from another angle.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Combustion furnace; 2. Support; 3. Swirl mixing device; 4. Pulse jet channel; 5. Feed hopper; 6. Discharge pipe; 7. Drive motor; 8. Rotating shaft; 9. Belt drive mechanism; 10. Helical gear mechanism; 11. Drive shaft; 12. Rotating disk; 13. Guide column; 14. Spring; 15. Counterweight; 16. Connecting part; 17. Ring part; 18. Slide groove; 19. Opening and closing plate; 20. Rotating mounting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-7 As an embodiment of this utility model, the swirl-type pulverized coal burner includes a combustion furnace 1 and a support 2 disposed on one side of the combustion furnace 1. A swirl mixing device 3 is disposed on the support 2. One end of the swirl mixing device 3 is connected to a jetting channel 4, which is connected to the interior of the combustion furnace 1. A feed hopper 5 and a discharge pipe 6 disposed at the bottom of the feed hopper 5 are disposed on the top of the swirl mixing device 3. The discharge pipe 6 is fixed to the top of the jetting channel 4. A drive motor 7 and a rotating shaft 8 fixed on the drive motor 7 are fixedly installed on one end of the swirl mixing device 3. A mechanical transmission mechanism and a discharge mechanism connected to the mechanical transmission mechanism are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 8.

[0027] The material feeding mechanism includes a centrifugal expansion mechanism fixed on the mechanical transmission mechanism and an opening and closing mechanism disposed on the centrifugal expansion mechanism. The opening and closing mechanism is disposed at the outlet at the bottom of the material feeding tube 6.

[0028] In this embodiment, the impeller inside the swirling mixer 3 is rotated by starting the drive motor 7, generating a swirling airflow that forms a reflux zone. This zone entrains the surrounding high-temperature flue gas and pulverized coal. The centrifugal force of the swirling airflow ensures full contact between the pulverized coal and the air. Simultaneously, the drive motor 7 drives the centrifugal expansion mechanism to rotate continuously through a mechanical transmission mechanism connected to one end. During this process, a centrifugal force is generated, which synchronously drives the opening and closing mechanism at the bottom of the feed pipe 6 to open. Utilizing the positive correlation between rotational speed and opening degree, the higher the output shaft speed of the drive motor 7, the larger the opening degree of the opening and closing mechanism, and vice versa. This achieves precise control of the pulverized coal feed rate, dynamic matching between swirling intensity and pulverized coal feed rate, ensuring a stable air-coal ratio under different loads and improving combustion efficiency.

[0029] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the mechanical transmission mechanism includes a belt transmission mechanism 9 fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 8 and a helical gear mechanism 10 disposed on the belt transmission mechanism 9, wherein a transmission shaft 11 is connected to the helical gear mechanism 10.

[0030] In this embodiment, the belt drive mechanism 9 is sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft 8, and the helical gear mechanism 10 is connected to the belt drive mechanism 9. When the rotating shaft 8 rotates, the transmission shaft 11 is driven to rotate continuously through the transmission cooperation between the belt drive mechanism 9 and the helical gear mechanism 10.

[0031] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the centrifugal expansion mechanism includes a rotating disk 12 connected to the top of the transmission shaft 11 and two sliding cavities formed on the rotating disk 12, with two counterweights 15 slidably mounted on each of the two cavities.

[0032] In this embodiment, the rotating disk 12 and the transmission shaft 11 are connected by bolts. Two counterweights 15 are respectively set on the two sliding cavities of the rotating disk 12. The two counterweights 15 have a large counterweight. When the rotating disk 12 rotates and generates centrifugal force, it will throw the two counterweights 15 to the outermost end of the sliding cavity.

[0033] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the centrifugal expansion mechanism also includes two guide posts 13 respectively fixed on two sliding cavities, with springs 14 sleeved on the guide posts 13, and two counterweights 15 respectively slidably mounted on the two guide posts 13.

[0034] In this embodiment, the two counterweights 15 slide on the two guide posts 13 respectively, and the two springs 14 provide elastic reset for the two counterweights 15 respectively.

[0035] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the two springs 14 are respectively connected to the two counterweights 15, and the rear ends of the two counterweights 15 are each connected to a connector 16.

[0036] In this embodiment, each of the two counterweights 15 is connected to a connector 16 at one end, with a pre-drilled positioning hole.

[0037] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the opening and closing mechanism includes an annular component 17 connected to one end of the rotating disk 12 and a sliding groove 18 formed on the annular component 17. Two opening and closing plates 19 for blocking the bottom of the material discharge pipe 6 are slidably installed on the sliding groove 18.

[0038] In this embodiment, the rotating disk 12 and the annular component 17 are fixed together by multiple sets of bolts and nuts. At the same time, two opening and closing plates 19 are slidably installed on the annular component 17. The two opening and closing plates 19 respectively cooperate with the opening at the bottom of the discharge pipe 6, which can block the opening at the bottom of the discharge pipe 6.

[0039] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a rotating mounting plate 20 is fixedly installed on the material discharge pipe 6, the annular component 17 is rotatably mounted on the rotating mounting plate 20, and the two opening and closing plates 19 are respectively connected to the two connecting components 16.

[0040] In this embodiment, when the rotating disk 12 rotates at high speed, the strong centrifugal force will throw the two counterweights 15 to the outermost end of the sliding cavity, and at the same time compress the two springs 14. At this time, the two counterweights 15 will drive the two opening and closing plates 19 to open outward, and the opening at the bottom of the discharge pipe 6 will be exposed. The coal powder will fall from the discharge pipe 6 into the injection channel 4. At the same time, when the rotating disk 12 rotates, the annular part 17 will also rotate. The rotating mounting plate 20 set at the bottom of the discharge pipe 6 provides stable support for the rotation of the annular part 17. Utilizing the positive correlation between rotation speed and opening degree, the higher the output shaft speed of the drive motor 7, the larger the opening degree of the opening and closing mechanism, and vice versa. This achieves precise control of the coal powder discharge amount, realizes dynamic matching between swirling intensity and coal powder discharge amount, ensures the stability of the air-coal ratio under different loads, and improves combustion efficiency.

[0041] The above embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive. Therefore, without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model, any technical solutions that can be implemented in other specific forms are included in this utility model.

Claims

1. A swirl-type pulverized coal burner, comprising a combustion furnace (1) and a support (2) disposed on one side of the combustion furnace (1), wherein a swirl mixing device (3) is disposed on the support (2), characterized in that, One end of the swirling mixer (3) is connected to a spray channel (4), which is connected to the interior of the combustion furnace (1). The top of the swirling mixer (3) is provided with a feed hopper (5) and a discharge pipe (6) at the bottom of the feed hopper (5). The discharge pipe (6) is fixed to the top of the spray channel (4). One end of the swirling mixer (3) is fixedly installed with a drive motor (7) and a rotating shaft (8) fixed on the drive motor (7). A mechanical transmission mechanism and a discharge mechanism connected to the mechanical transmission mechanism are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (8). The material feeding mechanism includes a centrifugal expansion mechanism fixed on the mechanical transmission mechanism and an opening and closing mechanism disposed on the centrifugal expansion mechanism. The opening and closing mechanism is disposed at the outlet at the bottom of the material feeding tube (6).

2. The swirl-type pulverized coal burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical transmission mechanism includes a belt drive mechanism (9) fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (8) and a helical gear mechanism (10) disposed on the belt drive mechanism (9), and a transmission shaft (11) is connected to the helical gear mechanism (10).

3. A swirl-type pulverized coal burner according to claim 2, characterized in that, The centrifugal expansion mechanism includes a rotating disk (12) connected to the top of the drive shaft (11) and two sliding cavities opened on the rotating disk (12), on which two counterweights (15) are slidably installed respectively.

4. A swirl-type pulverized coal burner according to claim 3, characterized in that, The centrifugal expansion mechanism also includes two guide posts (13) fixed on the two sliding cavities respectively. A spring (14) is sleeved on the guide post (13), and two counterweights (15) are slidably mounted on the two guide posts (13).

5. A swirl-type pulverized coal burner according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two springs (14) are connected to the two counterweights (15) respectively, and the rear ends of the two counterweights (15) are connected to the connectors (16).

6. A swirl-type pulverized coal burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The opening and closing mechanism includes an annular part (17) connected to one end of the rotating disk (12) and a groove (18) opened on the annular part (17). Two opening and closing plates (19) for blocking the bottom of the discharge pipe (6) are slidably installed on the groove (18).

7. A swirl-type pulverized coal burner according to claim 6, characterized in that, A rotating mounting plate (20) is fixedly installed on the material discharge pipe (6), and the annular part (17) is rotatably installed on the rotating mounting plate (20). The two opening and closing plates (19) are respectively connected to the two connecting parts (16).

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