A high-efficiency heat exchanger for heating crude oil
By introducing structures such as main flow channels, branch pipes, and baffles into the heat exchanger, the problem of uneven distribution of heat exchange medium is solved, achieving uniform flow and efficient heat transfer during crude oil heating, thereby improving the crude oil heating effect and equipment stability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LIAONING ZONGRONG ENERGY DEV CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
Smart Images
Figure CN224435111U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crude oil heating technology, specifically to a high-efficiency heat exchanger for crude oil heating. Background Technology
[0002] Crude oil heating is an important part of the petroleum processing process. Its purpose is to change the physical properties of crude oil (such as viscosity and fluidity) by increasing its temperature. Crude oil viscosity usually decreases as the temperature increases. Crude oil heating methods are divided into direct heating and indirect heating. Direct heating is divided into flame heating and electric heating, while indirect heating is divided into heat medium heating and heat exchanger heating. Heat exchanger heating utilizes the heat exchange between crude oil and a high-temperature medium in a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is mainly composed of a shell, tube bundle, tube sheet, end caps, and baffles. Crude oil and heat medium flow in the tube side and shell side, respectively, and heat is transferred through the tube wall.
[0003] Because crude oil contains associated gas during the extraction process, the gas and crude oil mix and enter the heat exchanger for heating. When the gas and liquid are mixed, the gas will hinder the liquid from being heated, which will prevent the crude oil from being heated better. Therefore, a high-temperature heat source is required to heat the crude oil. Thus, the crude oil needs to be separated into oil and gas before heating. The oil and gas separator is a device that separates the crude oil produced by the oil well from the associated natural gas. It mainly relies on the difference in relative density between gas and liquid to achieve oil and gas separation. Oil droplets slide down the pipe wall under the action of gravity, while gas rises due to its lower density.
[0004] While existing heat exchangers offer numerous advantages during use, they still suffer from several problems. The distribution of the heat exchange medium is not optimal. Because the heat exchange medium cannot be evenly distributed within the tube bundles when flowing through the end caps into the tube bundles, uneven flow distribution occurs, affecting the heating effect on crude oil. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of the problems in the prior art, this utility model provides a high-efficiency heat exchanger for heating crude oil.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is a high-efficiency heat exchanger for crude oil heating, including a shell, a fixed ring and a fixed frame. Both outer walls of the shell are screwed with end caps. One side of the inner wall of the end cap is screwed with a fixed ring. The inner wall of the fixed ring is interference-fitted with a support bearing. The inner ring of the support bearing is interference-fitted with a baffle plate. A main flow channel is opened at the center of the inner circle of the baffle plate. The outer side of the baffle plate is screwed with a fixed frame.
[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the flow sealing of the heat exchange medium and crude oil can be achieved through the shell and end cap, ensuring orderly flow during the heat exchange process. When the heat exchange medium flows inside the end cap, it is blocked by the baffle plate. The flow path of the heat exchange medium is initially guided and controlled through the main channel, which can avoid disorderly flow of the heat exchange medium and initially improve the uniformity of the distribution of the heat exchange medium inside the heat exchange tube bundle. The secondary guidance and control of the heat exchange medium through the diversion pipe further improves the uniformity of the distribution of the heat exchange medium inside the heat exchange tube bundle, ensuring the uniformity of the flow distribution of the heat exchange medium and guaranteeing the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange medium on crude oil.
[0008] Specifically, a first water supply connector is welded to one side of the outer wall of each of the two end caps, and the first water supply connector is connected to the inside of the end cap. A second water supply connector is welded to the upper and lower outer walls of the outer shell, and the second water supply connector is connected to the inside of the outer shell.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat exchange medium can be transported to the inside of the end cap through the first water supply joint until the heat exchange medium flows into the heat exchange tube bundle through the baffle plate and is discharged through the end cap and the first water supply joint at the other end, which can realize the circulation of the heat exchange medium. The crude oil can be transported to the inside of the shell through the second water supply joint, and the crude oil is dispersed on the outside of the heat exchange tube bundle. The heat exchange medium flowing inside the heat exchange tube bundle can heat the crude oil and ensure the heating effect of the crude oil.
[0010] Specifically, tube sheets are welded to both sides of the inner wall of the outer shell, and heat exchange tube bundles distributed in a circular array are welded inside the tube sheets. Baffles are provided on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundles, and the baffles are designed in a spiral shape.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the tube sheet restricts the position of the heat exchange tube bundle, ensuring its stability. The multi-point heat exchange tube bundle increases the heat transfer area, allowing the heat exchange medium inside the tube bundle to be quickly transferred to the crude oil, thus ensuring heat exchange efficiency. The spiral shape of the baffles guides the crude oil to flow in a spiral pattern within the shell, greatly increasing the flow path length and turbulence within the shell. This extends the contact time between the crude oil and the heat exchange tube bundle and disrupts the boundary layer of the crude oil on the tube wall surface, enhancing the heat transfer process and enabling the crude oil to fully absorb heat.
[0012] Specifically, a sealing ring is bonded to the outer wall of the fixing ring, and the sealing ring is in contact with the inner wall of the end cap.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing ring can ensure the sealing between the fixed ring and the end cap, ensuring that the heat exchange medium can be completely guided by the main channel and the branch pipe, and preventing the heat exchange medium from leaking.
[0014] Specifically, the outer wall of the baffle plate is welded with a circular array of diversion pipes, which are distributed on the outside of the main channel.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the diversion tube realizes the function of diverting crude oil. After the heat exchange medium enters the heat exchanger, it is first dispersed by the main channel inside the baffle plate, and then the diversion tube evenly distributes the heat exchange medium to various areas of the tube sheet. This avoids the heat exchange medium from concentrating and allows the heat exchange medium to enter each heat exchange tube bundle evenly, ensuring the uniformity of heat exchange and avoiding the problem of insufficient heat transfer. This improves the heat exchange efficiency and stability of the equipment.
[0016] Specifically, a conical column is screwed to the outside of the fixing frame, and a circular array of blades is welded to the outer wall of the conical column. Both the conical column and the blades are located inside the main channel.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the conical column can turbulentize the heat exchange medium passing through the main channel, which can change the flow direction of the heat exchange medium. The blades can further turbulentize the heat exchange medium, enhance the turbulence of the heat exchange medium, and the flow of the liquid can drive the baffle plate to rotate through the blades. The rotation position of the baffle plate is supported by the support bearing, ensuring the stability of the rotation position of the baffle plate.
[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0019] The present invention discloses a high-efficiency heat exchanger for heating crude oil. The main flow channel initially improves the uniformity of heat exchange medium distribution within the heat exchange tube bundle, and the secondary guidance and control of the heat exchange medium through the branch pipe further improves the uniformity of heat exchange medium distribution within the heat exchange tube bundle, ensuring the uniformity of heat exchange medium flow distribution and guaranteeing the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange medium on crude oil.
[0020] The present invention describes a high-efficiency heat exchanger for heating crude oil. When the heat exchange medium flows inside the main channel, the blades drive the baffle plate to rotate circumferentially according to the flow of the heat exchange medium. This allows for adjustment of the position of the diversion tube, ensuring that the heat exchange medium discharged from the diversion tube can be evenly distributed inside the heat exchange tube bundle, further ensuring the uniformity of the heat exchange medium distribution. Attached Figure Description
[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the outer shell structure of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a disassembly diagram of the outer shell structure of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the head structure of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the fixed ring structure of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the fixing frame structure of this utility model.
[0027] In the figure: 1. Outer shell; 11. End cap; 12. First water supply connector; 13. Second water supply connector; 14. Heat exchange tube bundle; 15. Baffle plate; 2. Fixing ring; 21. Support bearing; 22. Baffle plate; 23. Main flow channel; 24. Diverter pipe; 3. Fixing frame; 31. Conical column; 32. Blade. Detailed Implementation
[0028] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0029] To save manpower and improve efficiency, as one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the present invention discloses a high-efficiency heat exchanger for heating crude oil, comprising a shell 1, a fixing ring 2, and a fixing frame 3. Both outer walls of the shell 1 are screwed with end caps 11, and one inner wall of the end cap 11 is screwed with a fixing ring 2. A support bearing 21 is interference-fitted to the inner wall of the fixing ring 2, and a baffle plate 22 is interference-fitted to the inner ring of the support bearing 21. A main flow channel 23 is opened at the center of the inner circle of the baffle plate 22, and the fixing frame 3 is screwed to the outer side of the baffle plate 22.
[0030] During use, the outer shell 1 and the end cap 11 can achieve flow sealing of the heat exchange medium and crude oil, ensuring orderly flow during the heat exchange process. When the heat exchange medium flows inside the end cap 11, it is blocked by the baffle plate. The flow path of the heat exchange medium is initially guided and controlled by the main channel 23, which can prevent disordered flow of the heat exchange medium and initially improve the uniformity of the distribution of the heat exchange medium inside the heat exchange tube bundle 14. The secondary guidance and control of the heat exchange medium is achieved through the diversion pipe 24, which further improves the uniformity of the distribution of the heat exchange medium inside the heat exchange tube bundle 14, ensuring the uniformity of the flow distribution of the heat exchange medium and ensuring the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange medium on crude oil.
[0031] To control the flow trajectory, for example, such as Figure 2As shown, a first water supply connector 12 is welded to one side of the outer wall of each of the two end caps 11. The first water supply connector 12 is connected to the inside of the end cap 11. A second water supply connector 13 is welded to the upper and lower outer walls of the outer shell 1. The second water supply connector 13 is connected to the inside of the outer shell 1.
[0032] In use, the heat exchange medium can be transported to the inside of the end cap 11 through the first water supply connector 12 until the heat exchange medium flows into the heat exchange tube bundle 14 through the baffle plate 22 and is discharged through the end cap 11 and the first water supply connector 12 at the other end, which can realize the circulation of the heat exchange medium. Crude oil can be transported to the inside of the outer shell 1 through the second water supply connector 13, and the crude oil is dispersed on the outside of the heat exchange tube bundle 14. The heat exchange medium flowing inside the heat exchange tube bundle 14 can heat the crude oil and ensure the heating effect of the crude oil.
[0033] For heat exchange, for example, such as Figure 2 As shown, tube sheets are welded to both sides of the inner wall of the outer shell 1. Heat exchange tube bundles 14 arranged in a circular array are welded inside the tube sheets. Baffles 15 are provided on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundles 14. The baffles 15 adopt a spiral shape design.
[0034] During use, the tube sheet restricts the position of the heat exchange tube bundle 14 to ensure its stability. The multi-point heat exchange tube bundle 14 increases the heat transfer area, allowing the heat exchange medium inside the heat exchange tube bundle 14 to be quickly transferred to the crude oil, thus ensuring heat exchange efficiency. The spiral shape of the baffle 15 guides the crude oil to flow in a spiral pattern within the shell 1, greatly increasing the flow path length and turbulence within the shell 1. This extends the contact time between the crude oil and the heat exchange tube bundle 14 and disrupts the boundary layer on the surface of the tube wall, enhancing the heat transfer process and enabling the crude oil to fully absorb heat.
[0035] For sealing purposes, exemplarily, such as Figure 4 As shown, a sealing ring is bonded to the outer wall of the fixing ring 2, and the sealing ring is in contact with the inner wall of the end cap 11.
[0036] During use, the sealing ring can ensure the seal between the fixed ring 2 and the end cap 11, ensuring that the heat exchange medium can be completely guided by the main channel 23 and the branch pipe 24, and preventing the heat exchange medium from leaking.
[0037] For example, to offload traffic, such as Figure 4 As shown, the outer wall of the baffle plate 22 is welded with a circular array of diversion pipes 24, which are distributed on the outside of the main flow channel 23.
[0038] In use, the diversion pipe 24 realizes the function of diverting crude oil, so that after the heat exchange medium enters the heat exchanger, it is first dispersed by the main channel 23 inside the baffle plate 22, and then the diversion pipe 24 evenly distributes the heat exchange medium to various areas of the tube sheet, avoiding the concentration of heat exchange medium, and ensuring that the heat exchange medium can enter each heat exchange tube bundle 14 evenly, thus ensuring the uniformity of heat exchange and avoiding the problem of insufficient heat transfer, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and stability of the equipment.
[0039] To drive rotation, for example, such as Figure 5 As shown, a conical column 31 is screwed to the outside of the fixing frame 3. A circular array of blades 32 is welded to the outer wall of the conical column 31. Both the conical column 31 and the blades 32 are located inside the main channel 23.
[0040] In use, the conical column 31 can turbulentize the heat exchange medium passing through the main flow channel 23, changing the flow direction of the heat exchange medium. The blades 32 can further turbulentize the heat exchange medium, enhancing the turbulence of the heat exchange medium. The flow of the liquid can drive the baffle plate 22 to rotate through the blades 32, and the rotation position of the baffle plate 22 is supported by the support bearing 21, ensuring the stability of the rotation position of the baffle plate 22.
[0041] In use, the heat exchange medium is delivered to the inside of the end cap 11 through the first water supply connector 12. After entering the end cap 11, the heat exchange medium is blocked by the baffle plate 22 and is initially guided and controlled by the main channel 23 at the center of the baffle plate 22. Under the initial guidance of the main channel 23, the heat exchange medium continues to flow. Simultaneously, it is guided and controlled by the diversion pipe 24 welded to the outer wall of the baffle plate 22. The main channel 23 and the diversion pipe 24 evenly distribute the heat exchange medium to each area of the tube sheet, so that the heat exchange medium can evenly enter the inside of each heat exchange tube bundle 14.
[0042] The conical column 31 changes the flow direction of the heat exchange medium, and the blades 32 further disturb the heat exchange medium, enhance its turbulence, promote more complete heat exchange between the heat exchange medium and the inner surface of the heat exchange tube bundle 14, and the force generated by the liquid flow drives the baffle plate 22 to rotate through the blades 32, and ensures the uniformity of the heat exchange medium discharged through the diversion pipe 24.
[0043] At the same time, crude oil is transported to the inside of the outer shell 1 through the second water inlet 13 on the upper and lower outer walls of the outer shell 1 and dispersed on the outside of the heat exchange tube bundle 14. Since the baffle 15 adopts a spiral shape design, it guides the crude oil to flow in a spiral shape in the outer shell 1 and can achieve heating of crude oil and heat exchange medium through the heat exchange tube bundle 14.
[0044] After the crude oil is heated, the heat exchange medium is discharged from the end cap 11 and the first water supply joint 12 at the other end, while the crude oil is discharged through the second water supply joint 13 at the lower end of the outer shell 1.
[0045] It should be noted that this utility model is a high-efficiency heat exchanger for heating crude oil. All components in this utility model are known to those skilled in the art, and their structure and principle can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.
[0046] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The descriptions of the above embodiments and specifications are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency heat exchanger for heating crude oil, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (1), a fixing ring (2), and a fixing frame (3). Both outer walls of the housing (1) are screwed with end caps (11). One side of the inner wall of the end cap (11) is screwed with a fixing ring (2). The inner wall of the fixing ring (2) is interference-fitted with a support bearing (21). The inner ring of the support bearing (21) is interference-fitted with a baffle plate (22). The baffle plate (22) has a main flow channel (23) at its inner center. The outer side of the baffle plate (22) is screwed with a fixing frame (3).
2. The high-efficiency heat exchanger for crude oil heating according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first water supply connector (12) is welded to one side of the outer wall of each of the two end caps (11), and the first water supply connector (12) is connected to the inside of the end cap (11). A second water supply connector (13) is welded to the upper and lower outer walls of the outer shell (1), and the second water supply connector (13) is connected to the inside of the outer shell (1).
3. The high-efficiency heat exchanger for crude oil heating according to claim 1, characterized in that, Tube sheets are welded to both sides of the inner wall of the outer shell (1). A circular array of heat exchange tube bundles (14) is welded inside the tube sheet. A baffle (15) is provided on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundle (14). The baffle (15) adopts a spiral shape design.
4. A high-efficiency heat exchanger for heating crude oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring is bonded to the outer wall of the fixing ring (2), and the sealing ring is in contact with the inner wall of the end cap (11).
5. A high-efficiency heat exchanger for crude oil heating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the baffle plate (22) is welded with a circular array of diversion pipes (24), which are distributed on the outside of the main channel (23).
6. A high-efficiency heat exchanger for heating crude oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing frame (3) is screwed to a conical column (31) on the outside. The outer wall of the conical column (31) is welded with blades (32) arranged in a circular array. Both the conical column (31) and the blades (32) are located inside the main channel (23).