A monitoring device for the influence of land-atmosphere activity on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5

Abstract

This utility model provides a monitoring device for the influence of ground-atmosphere activity on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5, relating to the technical field of monitoring devices. The monitoring device includes a funnel, a sealed monitoring hood, a PM2.5 sensor, a paperless recorder, and a barometric pressure sensor. The funnel has a large port and a small port, and is used to cover the holes in a sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer, with the large port in contact with the layer. The sealed monitoring hood covers the layer and is sealed to it to form a sealed cavity, with the small port connected to the cavity via an air pipe. The PM2.5 sensor is located inside the sealed cavity of the hood. The paperless recorder is electrically connected to the PM2.5 sensor. The barometric pressure sensor is located on the sealed ground outside the cavity and is electrically connected to the recorder. It can monitor the influence of ground-atmosphere activity on changes in near-surface PM2.5 mass concentration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of monitoring devices for the influence of ground-atmosphere activity on PM2.5 mass concentration changes, and more specifically, to a monitoring device for the influence of ground-atmosphere activity on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5. Background Technology

[0002] Atmospheric particulate matter refers to all kinds of solid or liquid particulate matter present in the air, and is an important component of the atmosphere. Among them, PM2.5 is of particular concern. In the context of air pollution, controlling PM2.5 concentrations in different regions has become an urgent issue that needs to be addressed for regional sustainable development, and has attracted widespread attention from the academic community.

[0003] The sources of PM2.5 are complex, mainly divided into anthropogenic and natural sources. It is well known that PM2.5 pollution is influenced by both anthropogenic and natural sources. PM2.5, or inhalable particulate matter, poses serious health risks, such as lung cancer and respiratory diseases. High levels of particulate matter can even increase the risk of death in exposed populations. However, current research on the occurrence and formation mechanisms of PM2.5 is insufficient, which hinders its prevention and control.

[0004] In recent years, numerous scholars have explored the occurrence and formation mechanisms of PM2.5 and conducted extensive monitoring of PM2.5 concentrations. The results mainly focus on the characteristic changes in PM2.5 mass concentrations across different regions and scales, particularly on the annual and daily scales. Currently, existing research monitors and analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and pollution status of atmospheric particulate matter from different regions and perspectives. However, research on the occurrence and formation mechanisms of PM2.5 mass concentration changes caused by geothermal uplift and subsidence has not yet been conducted or monitored. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a monitoring device for the influence of ground-atmosphere activity on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5, which can continuously and effectively monitor the impact of ground-atmosphere activity on changes in near-surface PM2.5 mass concentration. Furthermore, it has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to promote.

[0006] The embodiments of this utility model can be implemented as follows:

[0007] An embodiment of this utility model provides a monitoring device for the influence of land-atmosphere activity on the near-surface PM2.5 formation mechanism, comprising:

[0008] A funnel having a large port and a small port, the funnel being used to cover the holes opened in the sealing soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer, with the large port in contact with the sealing soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer;

[0009] A sealed monitoring cover is placed on top of the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer and is sealed to the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer to form a sealed cavity. The small port is connected to the sealed cavity through an air pipe.

[0010] A PM2.5 sensor, wherein the PM2.5 sensor is disposed within the sealed cavity of the sealed monitoring cover;

[0011] A paperless recorder, wherein the paperless recorder is electrically connected to the PM2.5 sensor;

[0012] A pressure sensor is located on a sealed surface outside the sealed cavity, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the paperless recorder.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the connection between the trachea and the small port of the funnel is sealed; and / or, the connection between the trachea and the sealed monitoring cover is sealed.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the connection between the trachea and the small port of the funnel is sealed with glass glue; and / or, the connection between the trachea and the sealing monitoring cover is sealed with glass glue.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the sealed monitoring cover and the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer are sealed together using glass glue.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, dust is also placed inside the sealed cavity.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the particle size of the dust is less than 75 micrometers.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the trachea is a PU trachea; and / or, the diameter of the trachea is 3 mm.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the sealed monitoring cover is an open iron drum, which is placed upside down on the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the pressure sensor is an HD9408T pressure sensor.

[0021] In an optional implementation, the paperless recorder is a VX2302 paperless recorder.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the monitoring device for the influence of ground-atmosphere activity on the near-surface PM2.5 formation mechanism according to embodiments of this utility model include, for example:

[0023] The monitoring device includes a funnel, a sealed monitoring hood, a PM2.5 sensor, a paperless recorder, and a barometric pressure sensor. The funnel has a large port and a small port, and is used to cover the holes in the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer, with the large port in contact with the layer. The sealed monitoring hood covers the layer and is sealed to it to form a sealed cavity, with the small port connected to the cavity via an air tube. The PM2.5 sensor is located inside the sealed cavity of the hood. The paperless recorder is electrically connected to the PM2.5 sensor. The barometric pressure sensor is located on the sealed ground outside the cavity and is electrically connected to the recorder. When the external atmospheric pressure decreases, the internal soil pressure relatively increases, generating an upward "earth gas" flow. This flow carries trace amounts of gas and potentially fine particulate matter from deep within the soil, moving upwards through the holes in the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer. By placing a funnel over the opening, rising airflow can be effectively collected and guided through a small port and air tube into the sealed cavity of the sealed monitoring hood, thus preventing the airflow from being absorbed and filtered by the surrounding soil medium before reaching the ground surface. The sealed monitoring hood forms a closed microenvironment (i.e., a sealed cavity) relatively isolated from the external atmosphere on the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer. The ground air guided into this cavity may carry particulate matter or disturb the dust and soil pre-placed in the cavity, causing changes in the PM2.5 concentration in this local space. The PM2.5 sensor is placed inside the sealed cavity, thus accurately monitoring the dynamic changes in particulate matter concentration directly caused by ground air activity in this sealed environment, eliminating direct interference from external environmental factors such as wind, rain, and dust. A barometric pressure sensor located outside the sealed cavity monitors changes in external atmospheric pressure in real time. The paperless recorder simultaneously receives and records the concentration signal from the PM2.5 sensor and the pressure signal from the barometric pressure sensor. By comparing two time-series data sets, the correlation between "decreasing atmospheric pressure → rising ground air → increased PM2.5 concentration in the sealed cavity" and "increasing atmospheric pressure → air being forced into the soil → PM2.5 concentration in the cavity may also respond" can be clearly revealed, thus verifying that ground-atmosphere activity is an independent driving factor for changes in near-surface PM2.5 concentration. This monitoring device achieves direct monitoring of PM2.5 changes driven by ground-atmosphere activity, while isolating interference and improving the signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, the monitoring device has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to promote. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a monitoring device for the influence of ground-atmosphere activity on the near-surface PM2.5 formation mechanism provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the change in PM2.5 mass concentration provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing atmospheric pressure changes provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of atmospheric pressure after vertical flipping and PM2.5 mass concentration in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0029] Icons: 1000 - Monitoring device; 100 - Funnel; 110 - Large port; 120 - Small port; 200 - Sealed monitoring cover; 210 - Sealed cavity; 300 - PM2.5 sensor; 400 - Paperless recorder; 500 - Barometric pressure sensor; 600 - Air tube; 700 - Dust; 1 - Sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilizing layer; 2 - Hole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed during use, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0036] Atmospheric particulate matter refers to all solid or liquid particulate matter present in the air, and is an important component of the atmosphere. PM2.5 is of particular concern. With continuous economic and social development, urban population density is increasing, the total number of motor vehicles is rising, and carbon consumption is constantly increasing, leading to increasingly serious environmental pollution problems, especially air pollution. Among air pollution issues, controlling PM2.5 concentrations in different regions has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved for regional sustainable development, attracting widespread attention from the academic community. The sources of PM2.5 are very complex, mainly divided into anthropogenic and natural sources. It is well known that PM2.5 pollution is influenced by both anthropogenic and natural sources. PM2.5, as inhalable particulate matter, poses serious health hazards to humans, such as lung cancer and respiratory diseases. High concentrations of particulate matter can even increase the risk of death in exposed populations. However, current research on the occurrence and formation mechanisms of PM2.5 is insufficient, which will hinder the prevention and control of PM2.5.

[0037] In recent years, numerous scholars have explored the occurrence and formation mechanisms of PM2.5 and conducted extensive monitoring of PM2.5 concentrations. The results mainly focus on the characteristic changes in PM2.5 mass concentrations across different regions and scales, particularly on the annual and daily scales. Currently, existing research monitors and analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and pollution status of atmospheric particulate matter from different regions and perspectives. However, research on the occurrence and formation mechanisms of PM2.5 mass concentration changes caused by geothermal uplift and subsidence has not yet been conducted or monitored.

[0038] Soil particles possess strong hygroscopic adsorption and adhesion properties. Even with atmospheric fluctuations within the soil, the soil's various layers have a strong ability to regulate moisture within the pores, making it impossible to detect changes in near-surface PM2.5 concentration. Therefore, even placing a PM2.5 sensor directly near the ground will not yield any data. When atmospheric pressure rises, atmospheric pressure falls, and dry external air enters the soil, the soil's adsorption and adhesion properties quickly cause particulate matter to aggregate. Conversely, when atmospheric pressure decreases and atmospheric pressure rises, the hygroscopic properties of the lower-layer moist air bind particulate matter firmly together with the soil as it penetrates. Therefore, the impact of atmospheric activity on near-surface PM2.5 concentration changes is usually undetectable. This is the main reason why it is currently difficult to detect the influence of atmospheric activity on near-surface PM2.5 levels.

[0039] Based on this, please refer to Figure 1 The monitoring device 1000 provided in the embodiments of this utility model, which monitors the impact of ground-atmosphere activity on the near-surface PM2.5 formation mechanism, can effectively solve the aforementioned technical problems. This monitoring device 1000 can continuously and effectively monitor the impact of ground-atmosphere activity on changes in near-surface PM2.5 mass concentration. Furthermore, it has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to promote.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a monitoring device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present invention to monitor the impact of ground-atmosphere activity on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5. Figure 1As shown, the monitoring device 1000 in this embodiment includes a funnel 100, a sealed monitoring cover 200, a PM2.5 sensor 300, a paperless recorder 400, and a barometric pressure sensor 500. The funnel 100 has a large port 110 and a small port 120. The funnel 100 is used to cover the holes 2 opened in the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1, and the large port 110 is in contact with the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1. The sealed monitoring cover 200 is placed on the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1 and is sealed to the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1 to form a sealed cavity 210. The small port 120 is connected to the sealed cavity 210 through an air pipe 600. The PM2.5 sensor 300 is disposed in the sealed cavity 210 of the sealed monitoring cover 200. The paperless recorder 400 is electrically connected to the PM2.5 sensor 300. The barometric pressure sensor 500 is disposed on the sealed ground outside the sealed cavity 210 and is electrically connected to the paperless recorder 400. A barometric pressure sensor 500 is used to record atmospheric changes, and a paperless recorder 400 is used to receive and store electrical signals from ground-level air and atmospheric pressure monitoring indicators. Specifically, a hole 2 is drilled in the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1, and a funnel 100 is placed directly above the hole 2. The mechanism of this monitoring device 1000 is as follows: when atmospheric pressure increases, the overall atmospheric air is compressed, ground-level air descends, and some atmospheric air enters the soil, causing near-surface air turbidity and an increase in PM2.5 concentration; conversely, when atmospheric pressure decreases, atmospheric air expands, ground-level air rises, and fresh ground-level air flows into the atmosphere, reducing near-surface PM2.5 concentration.

[0041] When the external atmospheric pressure decreases, the internal soil pressure relatively increases, generating an upward flow of "earth air." This airflow carries trace amounts of gas and potentially very fine particulate matter from deep within the soil, moving upwards through the pores 2 of the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1. By placing a funnel 100 on the pores 2, the rising airflow can be effectively collected and guided through a small port 120 and an air pipe 600 into the sealed cavity 210 of the sealed monitoring cover 200, thus preventing the airflow from being adsorbed and filtered by the surrounding soil medium before reaching the surface. The sealed monitoring cover 200 forms a closed microenvironment (i.e., the sealed cavity 210) relatively isolated from the external atmosphere on the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1. The earth air guided into this cavity may carry particulate matter or disturb the pre-placed dust 700 within the cavity, causing changes in the PM2.5 concentration in this local space. The PM2.5 sensor 300 is installed inside the sealed cavity 210, thus enabling precise monitoring of dynamic changes in particulate matter concentration directly caused by ground-atmosphere activity within this sealed environment, eliminating direct interference from external environmental factors such as wind, rain, and dust. An air pressure sensor 500, located outside the sealed cavity 210, monitors changes in external atmospheric pressure in real time. The paperless recorder 400 simultaneously receives and records the concentration signal from the PM2.5 sensor 300 and the pressure signal from the air pressure sensor 500. By comparing the two time-series data, the correlation between "atmospheric pressure decreases → ground-atmosphere rises → PM2.5 concentration increases in the sealed cavity 210" or "atmospheric pressure increases → air is forced into the soil → PM2.5 concentration in the cavity may also respond," is clearly revealed, thus verifying that ground-atmosphere activity is an independent driving factor for changes in near-surface PM2.5 concentration.

[0042] The 1000 monitoring device enables direct monitoring of PM2.5 changes driven by ground-atmosphere activity, while isolating interference and improving the signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, the 1000 monitoring device is simple in structure, easy to use and install, and inexpensive, making it easy to promote.

[0043] To ensure the airtightness of the entire monitoring device 1000 and improve the reliability and accuracy of the monitoring results, in this embodiment, the connection between the air tube 600 and the small port 120 of the funnel 100 is sealed; and / or, the connection between the air tube 600 and the sealed monitoring cover 200 is sealed. That is, the connection can be sealed only at the connection between the air tube 600 and the small port 120, or only at the connection between the air tube 600 and the sealed monitoring cover 200. To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results, it is best to seal both the connection between the air tube 600 and the small port 120 and the sealed monitoring cover 200. Specifically, in this embodiment, the connection between the air tube 600 and the small port 120 of the funnel 100 is sealed with glass glue; and / or, the connection between the air tube 600 and the sealed monitoring cover 200 is sealed with glass glue. The sealed monitoring cover 200 and the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1 are sealed with glass glue. Besides using silicone sealant, a groove can be made at the large port 110 of the funnel 100 or the bottom of the sealing monitoring cover 200 to embed an O-ring or other rubber sealing ring, and then tightened by bolts or its own weight to achieve a seal. Other sealing structures such as foamed rubber sealing strips, beeswax, and paraffin wax can also be used for sealing, and are not limited here.

[0044] Furthermore, dust 700 is placed inside the sealed cavity 210 in this embodiment. This provides a stable and controllable source of particulate matter, enhancing signal consistency. The distribution and properties of natural surface particulate matter exhibit high spatial heterogeneity. By standardizing the placement of dust 700 within the sealed cavity 210, a known and constant source of particulate matter is provided for each experiment. This eliminates random errors caused by variations in surface dust composition, humidity, and distribution, ensuring the comparability and repeatability of monitoring data from different times and locations, making the experimental results more reliable and scientific. The concentration of particulate matter carried by pure ground air may be very weak, making it difficult for sensors to effectively capture. Dust 700, acting as a "reaction medium," functions similarly to an "amplifier." When atmospheric pressure changes drive ground air to flow into the sealed cavity 210 through the pipe, the airflow violently disturbs and stirs up the dust 700 within the cavity; conversely, when the airflow is downward, it may suppress dust stirring. This physical process of "lifting and settling" transforms and amplifies subtle changes in ground air velocity into significant concentration change signals that can be easily captured by the PM2.5 sensor 300, greatly improving the sensitivity and success rate of monitoring.

[0045] Optionally, the dust 700 in this embodiment has a particle size of less than 75 micrometers. Particles with a particle size of less than 75 micrometers have a smaller mass and a larger specific surface area, meaning they require a lower starting wind speed (or starting airflow). When ground air enters the sealed cavity 210 with a weak airflow, these particles are more easily and quickly agitated, allowing the PM2.5 sensor 300 to capture concentration changes with faster response and greater amplitude. Conversely, if sand with a larger particle size is used, it may be difficult to disturb, leading to monitoring failure or a weak signal. This particle size limitation ensures the device's high sensitivity and rapid response to ground air activity. Using dust 700 with a particle size of less than 75 micrometers also effectively avoids the obstruction, wear, or unreliable scattering signals caused by larger particles being agitated, thus ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data and the sensor's lifespan. Of course, the particle size of the dust 700 can be changed according to actual experimental monitoring needs and is not limited here.

[0046] Please continue reading. Figure 1 In this embodiment, the air pipe 600 is made of PU (polyurethane); and / or, the diameter of the air pipe 600 is 3mm. PU air pipes possess excellent flexibility and resistance to bending fatigue, making them easy to bend and route during field installation. They can easily adapt to uneven terrain and are not prone to breakage or flattening due to frequent bending, ensuring long-term unobstructed airflow and improving the reliability and service life of the device. Furthermore, PU air pipes have low adsorption of gases (especially volatile organic compounds and water vapor), enabling faster and more accurate delivery of ground gas samples from funnel 100 to the monitoring chamber, reducing signal delay and distortion, and ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of monitoring. In addition, PU air pipes also have good airtightness and dimensional stability. They effectively prevent external air infiltration or gas leakage within the pipe, ensuring that the airflow originates entirely from the designed underground borehole 2. Simultaneously, their good dimensional stability prevents excessive expansion or contraction due to temperature or humidity changes.

[0047] If the pipe diameter is too large: the ground air velocity will be too slow, and the large pipe space will dilute the ground air concentration, resulting in a very weak signal reaching the monitoring chamber, making it difficult to detect; at the same time, fluctuations in external atmospheric pressure are more likely to directly interfere with the underground environment through large-diameter pipes. If the pipe diameter is too small: the airflow resistance will be too high, potentially hindering the smooth ascent of the weak ground air, also resulting in ineffective signal transmission. A 3mm pipe diameter achieves the best balance between low flow resistance and avoiding excessive dilution, ensuring that the ground air can be delivered to the sensor with sufficient concentration and velocity. Of course, the air pipe 600 can also be made of other airtight materials, which is not limited here. The pipe diameter of the air pipe 600 can also be determined according to the actual monitoring situation, which is not limited here.

[0048] Optionally, in this embodiment, the sealed monitoring cover 200 is an open-top iron drum, which is placed upside down on the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1. Iron drums have the advantages of high mechanical strength, weather resistance, and corrosion resistance, enabling them to withstand long-term exposure to outdoor environments with extremely low maintenance costs. Furthermore, as a common container, they are inexpensive to obtain. This low cost and ease of acquisition allow the monitoring device 1000 to be deployed and applied on a large scale, greatly facilitating the promotion and popularization of the technology. Of course, the sealed monitoring cover 200 can also be made of other materials, which are not limited here.

[0049] In this embodiment, the pressure sensor 500 is an HD9408T pressure sensor. The paperless recorder 400 is a VX2302 paperless recorder. Of course, depending on the actual monitoring accuracy requirements, other models of pressure sensor 500 and paperless recorder 400 can also be selected, and are not limited here.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the change in PM2.5 mass concentration provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing atmospheric pressure changes provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of atmospheric pressure after vertical flipping and PM2.5 mass concentration in an embodiment of this utility model. Figures 2-4 The monitoring data is obtained using the monitoring device 1000 in this embodiment.

[0051] In summary, the monitoring device 1000 includes a funnel 100, a sealed monitoring cover 200, a PM2.5 sensor 300, a paperless recorder 400, and a barometric pressure sensor 500. The funnel 100 has a large port 110 and a small port 120. The funnel 100 is used to cover the holes 2 opened in the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1, and the large port 110 is in contact with the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1. The sealed monitoring cover 200 is placed on the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1 and is sealed to the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1 to form a sealed cavity 210. The small port 120 is connected to the sealed cavity 210 through an air pipe 600. The PM2.5 sensor 300 is disposed inside the sealed cavity 210 of the sealed monitoring cover 200. The paperless recorder 400 is electrically connected to the PM2.5 sensor 300. The barometric pressure sensor 500 is disposed on the sealed ground outside the sealed cavity 210 and is electrically connected to the paperless recorder 400. When the external atmospheric pressure decreases, the internal soil pressure relatively increases, generating an upward flow of "earth air." This airflow carries trace amounts of gas and potentially very fine particulate matter from deep within the soil, moving upwards through the pores 2 of the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1. By placing a funnel 100 on the pores 2, the rising airflow can be effectively collected and guided through a small port 120 and an air pipe 600 into the sealed cavity 210 of the sealed monitoring cover 200, thus preventing the airflow from being adsorbed and filtered by the surrounding soil medium before reaching the surface. The sealed monitoring cover 200 forms a closed microenvironment (i.e., the sealed cavity 210) relatively isolated from the external atmosphere on the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer 1. The earth air guided into this cavity may carry particulate matter or disturb the pre-placed dust 700 within the cavity, causing changes in the PM2.5 concentration in this local space.

[0052] The PM2.5 sensor 300 is installed inside the sealed cavity 210, thus enabling precise monitoring of dynamic changes in particulate matter concentration directly caused by ground-atmosphere activity within this sealed environment, eliminating direct interference from external environmental factors such as wind, rain, and dust. An air pressure sensor 500, located outside the sealed cavity 210, monitors changes in external atmospheric pressure in real time. The paperless recorder 400 simultaneously receives and records the concentration signal from the PM2.5 sensor 300 and the pressure signal from the air pressure sensor 500. By comparing the two time-series data, the correlation between "atmospheric pressure decreases → ground-atmosphere rises → PM2.5 concentration increases in the sealed cavity 210" or "atmospheric pressure increases → air is forced into the soil → PM2.5 concentration in the cavity may also respond," is clearly revealed, thus verifying that ground-atmosphere activity is an independent driving factor for changes in near-surface PM2.5 concentration. This monitoring device 1000 achieves direct monitoring of PM2.5 changes driven by ground-atmosphere activity, isolates interference, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, the monitoring device 1000 has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to promote.

[0053] The above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for the influence of geogas activity on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5, characterized in that, include: Funnel (100), the funnel (100) has a large port (110) and a small port (120), the funnel (100) is used to cover the holes (2) opened in the sealing soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer (1), and the large port (110) is in contact with the sealing soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer (1); A sealed monitoring cover (200) is placed on top of the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer (1) and is sealed to the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer (1) to form a sealed cavity (210). The small port (120) is connected to the sealed cavity (210) through an air pipe (600). PM2.5 sensor (300), the PM2.5 sensor (300) is disposed in the sealed cavity (210) of the sealed monitoring cover (200); A paperless recorder (400) is electrically connected to the PM2.5 sensor (300); A pressure sensor (500) is located on a sealed surface outside the sealed cavity (210) and is electrically connected to the paperless recorder (400). 2.The device for monitoring the influence of geogas activities on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5 according to claim 1, wherein, The trachea (600) is sealed at the connection point with the small port (120) of the funnel (100); and / or, the trachea (600) is sealed at the connection point with the sealing monitoring cover (200). 3.The device for monitoring the influence of geogas activities on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5 according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connection between the trachea (600) and the small port (120) of the funnel (100) is sealed with glass glue; and / or, the connection between the trachea (600) and the sealing monitoring cover (200) is sealed with glass glue. 4.The device for monitoring the influence of geogas activities on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5 according to claim 1, wherein, The sealed monitoring cover (200) and the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer (1) are sealed together with glass glue. 5.The device for monitoring the influence of geogas activities on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5 according to claim 1, wherein, The sealed cavity (210) also contains dust (700). 6.The device for monitoring the influence of geogas activities on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5 according to claim 5, wherein, The particle size of the dust (700) is less than 75 micrometers. 7.The device for monitoring the influence of geogas activities on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5 according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trachea (600) is made of PU; and / or the diameter of the trachea (600) is 3 mm. 8.The device for monitoring the influence of geogas activities on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5 according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The sealed monitoring cover (200) is an open iron barrel, which is placed upside down on the sealed soil temperature and humidity stabilization layer (1). 9.The device for monitoring the influence of geogas activities on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5 according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The pressure sensor (500) is an HD9408T pressure sensor. 10.The device for monitoring the influence of geogas activities on the formation mechanism of near-surface PM2.5 according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The paperless recorder (400) is a VX2302 paperless recorder.

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