Magnetic ring inductive power current monitoring device for drones

Abstract

This utility model discloses a magnetic ring inductive power current monitoring device for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). It includes a magnetic ring sensor body with a through-hole and a PCB connected to the magnetic ring sensor body. The PCB includes a voltage conversion module, a magnetic induction sensor module, a microcontroller module, and a debugging interface module. Through the cooperation of these modules on the PCB, the magnetic ring sensor body can detect the real-time current value of the cable passing through the through-hole. This utility model solves the problem that the resistance-based overcurrent detection method used in existing technologies easily leads to power outages in the entire UAV power supply system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and in particular to a magnetic ring inductive power current monitoring device for UAVs. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of electric drones, especially in the power management systems of medium and large models, current monitoring technology is crucial. Current mainstream solutions generally employ resistive current sensing technology. Its core principle is to connect a precision sampling resistor in series in the power supply circuit and indirectly calculate the current value by measuring the voltage drop across the resistor. While this approach is inexpensive and simple to implement, it suffers from serious structural flaws. For example, as an energy-consuming component connected in series in the main power supply circuit, the sampling resistor can overheat rapidly due to the continuous high power load during takeoff, landing, emergency obstacle avoidance, or sudden load increases. This can easily lead to burnout or even melting, causing an unexpected interruption of the entire power supply circuit and potentially resulting in a catastrophic drone crash. Furthermore, the inherent temperature drift of the resistor reduces measurement accuracy, and the resistance deviation caused by aging over long-term use further amplifies the error, making it difficult to meet high reliability requirements.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this technology proposes a magnetic ring inductive power current monitoring device for drones. By employing non-contact detection, it avoids the risk of burnout. It replaces the traditional series resistor with a Hall closed-loop sensor (such as the HCS-LSP3 type), allowing the drone's main power supply cable to pass directly through the magnetic ring cavity inside the sensor. Measurement is achieved by utilizing the change in the magnetic field generated when current flows through the magnetic ring. The sensor and the power supply cable are completely electrically isolated, eliminating the possibility of hardware damage due to current overload. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the main objective of this invention is to provide a magnetic ring inductive power current monitoring device for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which addresses the problem that the existing resistance-based overcurrent detection method easily causes power outages in the UAV's overall power supply system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a magnetic ring inductive power current monitoring device for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), comprising a magnetic ring sensor body with a through hole, and a PCB conductively connected to the magnetic ring sensor body.

[0006] The PCB is equipped with a voltage conversion module, a magnetic induction sensor module, a microcontroller module, and a debugging interface module.

[0007] The magnetic ring sensor body, through the cooperation of various modules on the PCB, enables real-time detection of the current value of the cable passing through the through hole.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this invention, the input terminal of the voltage conversion module is connected to an external 5V power supply, and the output terminal is connected to a 3.3V operating voltage. The microcontroller module is connected to the magnetic induction sensor module via an I²C bus, and the debugging interface module is connected to the debugging pin of the microcontroller module. The output terminal of the voltage conversion module supplies power to both the magnetic induction sensor module and the microcontroller module. The I²C bus includes a clock line and a data line, enabling unidirectional and bidirectional communication between the sensor and the microcontroller.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this invention, the magnetic induction sensor module is a Hall closed-loop sensor, and the data output terminal is connected to the I²C bus through a GH1.25 type 4-pin interface.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the microcontroller module is an STM32F030F4P6 chip, with its I²C1_SCL pin connected to the clock line, its I²C1_SDA pin connected to the data line, and its VDD and VDDA pins connected to the 3.3V operating voltage, and its VSS pin grounded.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this invention, the debugging interface module includes an SWD protocol interface, with its SWCLK pin connected to the PA14 pin of the microcontroller module, its SWDIO pin connected to the PA13 pin, and a reserved GND grounding terminal.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this invention, the voltage conversion module includes a linear regulator and a filter circuit.

[0013] The input terminal has a 10μF capacitor and a 0.1μF capacitor connected in parallel to filter out input noise, and the output terminal has a 10nF capacitor to suppress high-frequency ripple. The 3.3V operating voltage is connected to the microcontroller module and the magnetic induction sensor module respectively, including a 0.1μF capacitor on the MCU side and a 0.1μF capacitor on the sensor side.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] This technical solution employs non-contact detection technology using a Hall effect closed-loop sensor (such as the HCS-LSP3), allowing for accurate current measurement by having the main power supply cable pass through a through-hole, completely eliminating the risk of physical burnout. Combined with the LP2992 linear regulator and multi-stage filtering network (C2 / C4 for input noise filtering, C3 for high-frequency ripple suppression, and C5 / C6 for local decoupling) in the voltage conversion module, a clean 3.3V operating voltage is provided to the microcontroller module (STM32F030F4P6 chip) and the magnetic sensor module, reducing the impact of temperature drift. The microcontroller module acquires digital current signals in real time via the SCL clock line and SDA data line of the I²C bus, achieving high-precision monitoring with an adaptive algorithm. The debugging interface module (SWCLK connected to PA14, SWDIO connected to PA13) supports online firmware upgrades, continuously optimizing monitoring performance, preventing power outages and damage, extending service life, and maintaining high accuracy. It can also achieve millisecond-level data feedback via the GH1.25 4-pin interface, facilitating easy management. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the technical solutions of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the magnetic ring sensor body in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom view of the magnetic ring sensor body in this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the microcontroller module circuit structure in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage conversion module circuit structure in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the magnetic induction sensor module in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the debugging interface module in this utility model.

[0023] label name label name 1 Magnetic ring sensor body 21 Magnetic induction sensor module 10 Through hole 22 microcontroller module 2 PCB 23 Debugging interface module 20 Voltage conversion module Detailed Implementation

[0024] as follows:

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 1-6 ,

[0026] The main structure includes a magnetic ring sensor body (1) with a through hole (10) and a PCB (2) connected to the magnetic ring sensor body (1). The PCB (2) is equipped with a voltage conversion module (20), a magnetic induction sensor module (21), a microcontroller module (22) and a debugging interface module (23). The magnetic ring sensor body (1) realizes real-time current detection of the cable passing through the through hole (10) through the cooperation of the various modules on the PCB (2).

[0027] The working principle is as follows:

[0028] Existing technology relies on a precision sampling resistor connected in series in the power supply circuit to indirectly calculate the current value by measuring the voltage drop across the resistor. Although this method is low-cost and simple to implement, it has drawbacks. For example, as a series power-consuming component in the main power supply circuit, when the drone experiences a sudden large current during takeoff, landing, emergency obstacle avoidance, or sudden load increase, the resistor will heat up rapidly due to the continuous high power, making it very easy to burn out or even melt. This can directly lead to an unexpected interruption of the entire power supply system, causing a catastrophic accident such as the drone crashing. At the same time, the inherent temperature drift characteristics of the resistor will significantly reduce the measurement accuracy, and the resistance deviation caused by aging after long-term use will further amplify the error, making it impossible to meet the requirements of high reliability.

[0029] This technical solution allows the main power supply cable of the UAV to pass through the through hole (10) opened in the magnetic ring sensor body (1) in a completely non-contact manner, achieving electrical isolation and fundamentally eliminating the possibility of hardware damage caused by current overload. In terms of circuit structure, the Hall closed-loop sensor (such as HCS-LSP3 type) integrated in PCB (2) uses the magnetic field change generated when the current flows through the magnetic ring for high-precision detection. Combined with the stable 3.3V low-noise power supply provided by the voltage conversion module (20) (implemented by LP2992 linear regulator and filter capacitors such as C2 and C4), the influence of temperature drift is significantly reduced. The microcontroller module (22) (STM32F030F4P6 chip) reads the digital current signal in real time through the SCL clock line and SDA data line of the I2C bus. After processing, it can output accurate values. The debugging interface module (23) (SWD protocol) supports online firmware updates, which is convenient for algorithm optimization. In addition, the multi-level filter capacitor network (such as C6 capacitor on the MCU side and C5 capacitor on the sensor side) further suppresses power supply noise and ensures signal purity. The non-contact structure completely avoids the risk of burnout, ensuring the continuous and safe flight of the drone, improving measurement accuracy, extending lifespan and reducing the impact of temperature drift. The digital output of the GH1.25 4-pin interface can be directly connected to the flight control system to achieve millisecond-level real-time monitoring, providing accurate data support for dynamic power management. At the same time, the modular design facilitates maintenance and upgrades.

[0030] Reference Appendix Figure 4 In a preferred embodiment of this utility model: the input terminal of the voltage conversion module (20) is connected to an external 5V power supply, and the output terminal is connected to a 3.3V working voltage. The microcontroller module (22) is connected to the magnetic induction sensor module (21) via an I2C bus. The debugging interface module (23) is connected to the debugging pin of the microcontroller module (22). The output terminal of the voltage conversion module (20) supplies power to the magnetic induction sensor module (21) and the microcontroller module (22) respectively. The I2C bus includes a clock line (SCL) and a data line (SDA) to realize unidirectional and bidirectional communication between the sensor and the microcontroller.

[0031] In this technical solution, the voltage conversion module (20) converts the externally input 5V power supply into a stable 3.3V working voltage, which simultaneously powers the magnetic induction sensor module (21) (such as the HCS-LSP3 Hall closed-loop sensor) and the microcontroller module (22) (such as the STM32F030F4P6 chip), ensuring that both operate under a safe voltage. The microcontroller module (22) communicates bidirectionally with the magnetic induction sensor module (21) through the SCL clock line and SDA data line of the I2C bus (sending control commands and receiving digital current data in real time), achieving millisecond-level accurate monitoring. The debugging interface module (23) is directly connected to the debugging pins of the microcontroller module (22) (such as PA13 / SWDI0 and PA14 / SWCLK), supporting firmware upgrades and fault diagnosis, eliminating voltage fluctuation interference, and providing efficient data transmission. This allows non-contact current detection to avoid the risk of burnout of traditional series resistors and improves measurement reliability.

[0032] Reference Appendix Figure 5 In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the magnetic induction sensor module (21) is a Hall closed-loop sensor, which can be HCS-LSP3, and the data output terminal is connected to the I2C bus through a GH1.25 type 4-pin interface.

[0033] This technical solution uses an HCS-LSP3 Hall closed-loop sensor as the magnetic induction sensor module (21), which detects the current of the power supply cable non-contactly through its internal magnetic ring, completely avoiding the risk of physical burnout. The data output terminal of the sensor is connected to the I2C bus through a GH1.25 4-pin interface to achieve a reliable physical connection with the microcontroller module (22), ensuring that the digital current data is stably transmitted through the SCL clock line and SDA data line.

[0034] Reference Appendix Figure 3In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the microcontroller module (22) can be an STM32F030F4P6 chip, whose I2C1_SCL pin (PA9) is connected to the clock line (SCL), I2C1_SDA pin (PA10) is connected to the data line (SDA), and VDD and VDDA pins are connected to the 3.3V operating voltage, and VSS pin is grounded.

[0035] Specifically, the STM32F030F4P6 chip has its VDD and VDDA pins connected to a 3.3V operating voltage and its VSS pin grounded to ensure stable operation. It connects to the SCL clock line via the dedicated pin I2C1_SCL (PA9) and to the SDA data line via I2C1_SDA (PA10) to control the I2C bus timing and acquire the digital current data of the magnetic induction sensor module (21) in real time.

[0036] Reference Appendix Figure 6 In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the debugging interface module (23) includes an SWD protocol interface, whose SWCLK pin is connected to the PA14 pin of the microcontroller module (22), the SWDIO pin is connected to the PA13 pin, and a GND grounding terminal is reserved.

[0037] In this scheme, the debugging interface module (23) is connected to the microcontroller module (22) through the SWD protocol interface. The SWCLK pin is connected to the PA14 pin to transmit the clock signal, and the SWDIO pin is directly connected to the PA13 pin to transmit debugging instructions and data. The reserved GND ground terminal ensures the stability of the signal reference and realizes the functions of firmware online update and real-time diagnosis of running status.

[0038] Reference Appendix Figure 4 As a further solution of this utility model, the voltage conversion module (20) includes a linear regulator (LP2992) and a filter circuit. A 10μF capacitor (C4) and a 0.1μF capacitor (C2) are connected in parallel at the input end to filter out input noise. A 10nF capacitor (C3) is set at the output end to suppress high-frequency ripple. The 3.3V working voltage is connected to the microcontroller module (22) and the magnetic induction sensor module (21) respectively, including a 0.1μF capacitor (C6) on the MCU side and a 0.1μF capacitor (C5) on the sensor side.

[0039] Specifically, the voltage conversion module (20) steps down the 5V power supply to a 3.3V operating voltage through an LP2992 linear regulator. The 10μF capacitor (C4) and 0.1μF capacitor (C2) connected in parallel at the input end clear power supply noise, and the 10nF capacitor (C3) at the output end is used to suppress high-frequency interference. The 3.3V voltage is supplied to the microcontroller module (22) and the magnetic induction sensor module (21) respectively, and is filtered twice by the 0.1μF capacitor (C6) on the MCU side and the 0.1μF capacitor (C5) on the sensor side to ensure that the chip and the sensor operate stably in a zero-noise environment for high-precision current monitoring.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and do not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings under the concept of the present utility model, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A magnetic ring inductive power current monitoring device for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), characterized in that, include A magnetic ring sensor body with a through hole, and a PCB connected to the magnetic ring sensor body. The PCB is equipped with a voltage conversion module, a magnetic induction sensor module, a microcontroller module, and a debugging interface module. The magnetic ring sensor body, through the cooperation of various modules on the PCB, enables real-time detection of the current value of the cable passing through the through hole.

2. The magnetic ring inductive power current monitoring device for UAVs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input terminal of the voltage conversion module is connected to an external 5V power supply, and the output terminal is connected to a 3.3V operating voltage. The microcontroller module is connected to the magnetic induction sensor module via an I²C bus. The debugging interface module is connected to the debugging pin of the microcontroller module. The output terminal of the voltage conversion module supplies power to both the magnetic induction sensor module and the microcontroller module. The I²C bus includes clock lines and data lines, enabling unidirectional and bidirectional communication between the sensor and the microcontroller.

3. The magnetic ring inductive power current monitoring device for UAVs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic induction sensor module is a Hall closed-loop sensor, and its data output terminal is connected to the I²C bus via a GH1.25 4-pin interface.

4. The magnetic ring inductive power current monitoring device for UAVs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microcontroller module is an STM32F030F4P6 chip. Its I²C1_SCL pin is connected to the clock line, its I²C1_SDA pin is connected to the data line, and its VDD and VDDA pins are connected to the 3.3V operating voltage. The VSS pin is grounded.

5. The magnetic ring inductive power current monitoring device for UAVs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The debugging interface module includes an SWD protocol interface, with its SWCLK pin connected to the PA14 pin of the microcontroller module, its SWDIO pin connected to the PA13 pin, and a reserved GND ground terminal.

6. The magnetic ring inductive power current monitoring device for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage conversion module includes a linear regulator and a filter circuit. The input terminal has a 10μF capacitor and a 0.1μF capacitor connected in parallel to filter out input noise, and the output terminal has a 10nF capacitor to suppress high-frequency ripple. The 3.3V operating voltage is connected to the microcontroller module and the magnetic induction sensor module respectively, including a 0.1μF capacitor on the MCU side and a 0.1μF capacitor on the sensor side.

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