An explosion-proof capacitor

Abstract

This utility model discloses an explosion-proof capacitor, belonging to the field of capacitor technology. It includes a capacitor shell and a capacitor core. The capacitor core is fixedly installed inside the capacitor shell, and two electrode heads are fixedly installed on the top of the capacitor core. An explosion-proof pressure relief mechanism is provided on one side of the capacitor shell for explosion-proof pressure relief of the internal pressure of the capacitor shell. The explosion-proof pressure relief mechanism includes a pressure relief shell located on one side of the capacitor shell, a pressure relief component inside the pressure relief shell, and a disassembly component between the pressure relief shell and the capacitor shell. Through this method, during capacitor use, the pressure relief shell and the pressure relief component can quickly release internal gas, effectively reducing the risk of capacitor shell explosion. The pressure relief component is independently located inside the pressure relief shell; if damaged or aged, it can be easily replaced by disassembling the component, improving safety and maintenance efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of capacitor technology, specifically to an explosion-proof capacitor. Background Technology

[0002] A capacitor is a device that stores electrical charge and is one of the most widely used electronic components in electronic devices. It is widely used in circuits for DC blocking and AC passing, coupling, bypassing, filtering, tuning circuits, energy conversion, and control. Capacitors are used very frequently. Overload, reverse connection, prolonged use, and malfunctions can all cause excessive current flow inside the capacitor, leading to an increase in temperature and ultimately a surge in internal pressure that can cause it to explode.

[0003] As shown in the reference case "An Explosion-proof Capacitor" (Announcement No. CN219040259U), the outer shell fitted over the capacitor core has several external heat dissipation fins evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer side wall, and several internal heat dissipation fins evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner side wall. The side wall of the capacitor core abuts against the side of the internal heat dissipation fins away from the inner wall of the outer shell, which has the effect of improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the capacitor.

[0004] Existing capacitors mostly rely on enhancing heat dissipation performance to reduce the risk of explosion. This only has a certain delaying effect under conditions of slow temperature rise. They lack an active pressure relief mechanism for sudden increases in internal pressure. The passive heat dissipation method for explosion prevention is slow to respond and cannot cope with extreme situations of sudden short-term high pressure.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention designs an explosion-proof capacitor to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an explosion-proof capacitor.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] An explosion-proof capacitor includes a capacitor shell and a capacitor core. The capacitor core is fixedly installed inside the capacitor shell, and two electrode heads are fixedly installed on the top of the capacitor core. An explosion-proof pressure relief mechanism is provided on one side of the capacitor shell for explosion-proof pressure relief of the internal pressure of the capacitor shell. The explosion-proof pressure relief mechanism includes a pressure relief shell provided on one side of the capacitor shell, a pressure relief component is provided inside the pressure relief shell, and a disassembly component is provided between the pressure relief shell and the capacitor shell.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure relief assembly includes multiple pressure relief holes formed on the surface of the pressure relief shell, the interior of the pressure relief shell is connected to the interior of the capacitor shell, a piston plate is slidably installed inside the pressure relief shell, the piston plate is located at the bottom of the multiple pressure relief holes, and the piston plate is located at the top of the capacitor core.

[0010] Furthermore, a spring is provided on the top of the piston plate, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the pressure relief shell.

[0011] Furthermore, the multiple pressure relief holes are arranged in a circular pattern, and each pressure relief hole is configured as a strip-shaped hole, with an elastic sealing membrane fixedly installed inside the pressure relief hole.

[0012] Furthermore, a self-healing sleeve is fixedly installed on the outside of the capacitor core, and a heat dissipation shell is fixedly installed on the outside of the self-healing sleeve. Both the self-healing sleeve and the heat dissipation shell are located inside the capacitor shell.

[0013] Furthermore, a metal clip is provided on the top of the piston plate, and multiple color bladders are fixedly installed between the metal clip and the piston plate. An observation window is fixedly installed on the surface of the pressure relief shell.

[0014] Furthermore, the disassembly assembly includes a connecting ring rotatably mounted on the outside of the pressure relief housing, and an mounting ring is fixedly mounted on the surface of the capacitor housing.

[0015] Furthermore, the surface of the mounting ring is provided with a mounting groove, and one side of the connecting ring extends into the interior of the mounting groove and is threadedly connected to the mounting groove.

[0016] Beneficial effects

[0017] 1. During capacitor use, the pressure relief shell, in conjunction with the pressure relief assembly, enables rapid release of internal gas, effectively reducing the risk of capacitor shell rupture. The pressure relief assembly is independently housed within the pressure relief shell; if damaged or aged, it can be easily replaced by disassembling the assembly, improving safety and maintenance efficiency.

[0018] 2. When it is necessary to replace the pressure relief component or perform maintenance on the inside of the pressure relief housing, the fixed connection between the connecting ring and the mounting ring can be released by rotating the connecting ring, thereby realizing the quick disassembly of the pressure relief housing and improving the efficiency of later maintenance and replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the main structure of an explosion-proof capacitor according to this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion-proof pressure relief mechanism of an explosion-proof capacitor according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief assembly structure of an explosion-proof capacitor according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly assembly structure of an explosion-proof capacitor according to the present invention.

[0024] The labels in the diagram represent:

[0025] 100. Capacitor housing; 110. Capacitor core; 120. Self-healing sleeve; 130. Heat sink housing; 200. Electrode head; 300. Explosion-proof pressure relief mechanism; 310. Pressure relief shell; 320. Pressure relief assembly; 321. Pressure relief hole; 322. Piston plate; 323. Elastic sealing membrane; 324. Spring; 325. Metal clip; 326. Color capsule; 327. Observation window; 330. Disassembly assembly; 331. Connecting ring; 332. Mounting ring; 333. Mounting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0028] In some embodiments, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 1-4 An explosion-proof capacitor includes a capacitor shell 100 and a capacitor core 110. The capacitor core 110 is fixedly installed inside the capacitor shell 100, and two electrode heads 200 are fixedly installed on the top of the capacitor core 110. An explosion-proof pressure relief mechanism 300 is disposed on one side of the capacitor shell 100 for explosion-proof pressure relief of the internal pressure of the capacitor shell 100. The explosion-proof pressure relief mechanism 300 includes a pressure relief shell 310 disposed on one side of the capacitor shell 100. A pressure relief component 320 is disposed inside the pressure relief shell 310, and a disassembly component 330 is disposed between the pressure relief shell 310 and the capacitor shell 100.

[0029] In this embodiment of the present invention, when the capacitor is in use, the pressure relief shell 310, together with the pressure relief component 320, can quickly release the internal gas, and has a good explosion-proof pressure relief function, significantly reducing the risk of the capacitor shell 100 bursting or breaking, and quickly relieving the pressure inside the capacitor shell 100. The pressure relief component 320 is set inside the independent pressure relief shell 310. If the component is damaged or aged during the pressure relief process, the pressure relief shell 310 can be quickly removed and replaced by disassembling the component 330.

[0030] It should be noted that existing capacitors typically include a capacitor case 100, a capacitor core 110, and electrode leads. The pressure relief shell 310 is located on top of the capacitor case 100, spatially isolated from the main functional areas of the capacitor, namely the capacitor core 110 and the electrode heads 200, and does not participate in normal current conduction or energy storage processes. Therefore, the introduction of the explosion-proof pressure relief mechanism 300 will not change the original electrical structure or dielectric properties of the capacitor, nor will it interfere with its working state. In addition, the disassembly assembly 330 is used for quick replacement after the pressure relief assembly 320 is damaged or aged. It is a maintenance structure and only functions during maintenance and replacement. During normal operation, the disassembly assembly 330 is in a fixed state and will not cause loosening of contacts, failure of seals, or structural interference, and will not adversely affect the overall performance of the capacitor.

[0031] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure relief assembly 320 includes a plurality of pressure relief holes 321 formed on the surface of the pressure relief shell 310. The interior of the pressure relief shell 310 is connected to the interior of the capacitor shell 100. A piston plate 322 is slidably installed inside the pressure relief shell 310. The piston plate 322 is located at the bottom of the plurality of pressure relief holes 321 and at the top of the capacitor core 110.

[0032] In this embodiment of the present invention, when the internal pressure of the capacitor shell 100 rises abnormally, the internal gas acts on the piston plate 322, pushing it to the position of the pressure relief hole 321, thereby realizing the connection between the inside and outside of the capacitor shell 100 and quickly releasing the pressure. Under normal conditions, the piston plate 322 is located below the pressure relief hole 321, forming a shielding and sealing of the pressure relief hole 321, and has good structural self-sealing characteristics.

[0033] A spring 324 is provided on the top of the piston plate 322, and the other end of the spring 324 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the pressure relief shell 310.

[0034] In this embodiment of the present invention, when the internal air pressure of the capacitor rises to a certain value, the piston plate 322 can be pushed to move upward against the elastic force of the spring 324 and face the multiple pressure relief holes 321, thereby realizing rapid pressure relief inside the capacitor shell 100. After the pressure relief is completed, the spring 324 can restore the piston plate 322 to its initial position.

[0035] Multiple pressure relief holes 321 are arranged in a ring shape, and each pressure relief hole 321 is a strip-shaped hole. An elastic sealing membrane 323 is fixedly installed inside the pressure relief hole 321.

[0036] In this embodiment of the utility model, the pressure relief hole 321 adopts a surrounding strip distribution design, which makes the pressure relief area uniformly stressed and the gas discharge path smoother. When the internal pressure of the capacitor rises to the set value, the piston plate 322 moves upward under the action of air pressure and passes through the corresponding position of the elastic sealing membrane 323, pushing the elastic sealing membrane 323 to partially open, so that the gas inside the capacitor shell 100 is discharged through the pressure relief hole 321, thereby achieving directional pressure relief.

[0037] It should be noted that the elastic sealing membrane 323 is a flexible sealing component that covers and is installed inside the pressure relief hole 321. It can be made of silicone membrane, fluororubber membrane, polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, or other elastic materials with good temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and high resilience. Its thickness can be selected according to the size of the pressure relief hole 321 and the target opening pressure. Under normal working conditions of the capacitor, the elastic sealing membrane 323 is in a natural fit and does not affect the airtight performance. When the piston plate 322 moves upward and passes through the pressure relief hole 321 and partially squeezes the sealing membrane, the elastic sealing membrane 323 is pushed open in this area, forming a partial opening channel, allowing the gas inside the capacitor shell 100 to be quickly discharged through the pressure relief hole 321. After the pressure is released, the elastic sealing membrane 323 can return to its original shape due to the rebound characteristics of its own material, and cover the pressure relief hole 321 again.

[0038] A self-healing sleeve 120 is fixedly installed on the outside of the capacitor core 110, and a heat sink 130 is fixedly installed on the outside of the self-healing sleeve 120. Both the self-healing sleeve 120 and the heat sink 130 are located inside the capacitor shell 100.

[0039] In this embodiment of the utility model, the self-healing sleeve 120 can achieve local self-recovery of the insulation layer through material properties after the dielectric is partially broken down or the insulation is weak. This significantly improves the service life and fault resistance of the capacitor core 110. The heat dissipation shell 130 covers the outside of the self-healing sleeve 120 and can form a heat conduction path with the inside of the capacitor shell 100. This efficiently dissipates the heat of the capacitor core 110 during long-term high-voltage operation of the capacitor and reduces the temperature rise inside the shell.

[0040] It should be noted that the self-healing sleeve 120 is a functional sheathing layer installed on the outside of the capacitor core 110. It can be made of polypropylene film, polyester film, or other polymer insulating materials with self-healing properties, and can be fixed to the outer surface of the capacitor core 110 by methods such as wrapping, hot pressing, or overall wrapping. When the capacitor experiences local dielectric breakdown due to electric field stress during operation, the self-healing sleeve 120 generates instantaneous vaporization or carbonization reactions around the breakdown point, breaking the local conductive path, thereby achieving local self-repair of the insulation layer, restoring the integrity of the dielectric, preventing further breakdown, and exhibiting excellent self-healing function.

[0041] A metal clip 325 is provided on the top of the piston plate 322, and multiple color bladders 326 are fixedly installed between the metal clip 325 and the piston plate 322. An observation window 327 is fixedly installed on the surface of the pressure relief shell 310.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, the color capsule 326 is a brittle thin film structure encapsulating a colored liquid. It has a distinct color and a certain degree of fluidity. When an abnormal situation occurs inside the capacitor, such as a short circuit, overload, or insulation breakdown causing a sudden surge in pressure, the piston plate 322 moves rapidly upward under high pressure. The metal clip 325 above it crushes the color capsule 326, and under the strong impact of high pressure, the elastic sealing membrane 323 ruptures as a whole. Multiple pressure relief holes 321 open simultaneously, forming a high-flow emergency pressure relief path. At the same time, the colored liquid is exposed on the surface of the observation window 327, indicating that a pressure relief event has occurred externally, thus having a clear alarm and identification function.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the disassembly assembly 330 includes a connecting ring 331 rotatably mounted on the outside of the pressure relief shell 310, and an mounting ring 332 fixedly mounted on the surface of the capacitor shell 100.

[0044] In this embodiment of the utility model, when it is necessary to replace the pressure relief component 320 or to perform maintenance on the inside of the pressure relief shell 310, the fixed connection between the connecting ring 331 and the mounting ring 332 can be released by rotating the connecting ring 331, thereby realizing the quick disassembly of the pressure relief shell 310 and improving the efficiency of subsequent maintenance and replacement.

[0045] The surface of the mounting ring 332 has a mounting groove 333, and one side of the connecting ring 331 extends into the interior of the mounting groove 333 and is threadedly connected to the mounting groove 333.

[0046] In this embodiment of the utility model, one side of the connecting ring 331 is provided with an external thread structure, which can be extended and inserted into the interior of the mounting groove 333 and connected with the thread on the inner wall of the mounting groove 333. The mounting groove 333 and the connecting ring 331 are tightly threaded together. After the structure is locked, it can ensure that the pressure relief shell 310 will not loosen or shift during operation.

[0047] In this embodiment of the invention, during normal operation of the capacitor, the capacitor core 110 operates stably inside the capacitor shell 100. The self-healing sleeve 120 provides dielectric repair after local breakdown. The heat dissipation shell 130 and the capacitor shell 100 work together to form a heat conduction path, ensuring that the overall temperature rise is controlled. When the internal pressure rises slowly, the piston plate 322 moves upward against the elastic force of the spring 324 under the action of air pressure, and squeezes the elastic sealing membrane 323, causing it to partially open. Gas is discharged directionally through the pressure relief hole 321, achieving a small and stable pressure relief. After pressure relief, under the reset action of the spring 324, the piston plate 322 falls back to the initial position, and the elastic sealing membrane 323 rebounds to close the pressure relief hole 321, completing a complete normal pressure relief cycle. When the capacitor experiences a sudden increase in internal pressure due to faults such as short circuit or overload, the piston plate 322 will move upward rapidly under high pressure and crush the color bladder 326 through the metal clip 325 at the top. The colored liquid is exposed behind the observation window 327, forming a pressure relief alarm. Simultaneously, the high-pressure impact ruptures the elastic sealing diaphragm 323, causing multiple strip-shaped pressure relief holes 321 to open rapidly and fully, releasing a large flow of gas and completing the emergency pressure relief process. The pressure relief assembly 320 is entirely encapsulated in a separate pressure relief housing 310, and is detachably connected via the threaded engagement of the connecting ring 331 and the mounting ring 332. If necessary, the pressure relief housing 310 can be quickly removed and internal components replaced by rotation, ensuring that the capacitor has good explosion-proof protection capabilities and ease of maintenance.

[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof capacitor, comprising a capacitor shell (100) and a capacitor core (110), characterized in that: A capacitor core (110) is fixedly installed inside the capacitor shell (100), and two electrode heads (200) are fixedly installed on the top of the capacitor core (110). An explosion-proof pressure relief mechanism (300) is provided on one side of the capacitor shell (100) for explosion-proof pressure relief of the internal pressure of the capacitor shell (100). The explosion-proof pressure relief mechanism (300) includes a pressure relief shell (310) disposed on one side of the capacitor shell (100), a pressure relief assembly (320) is disposed inside the pressure relief shell (310), and a disassembly assembly (330) is disposed between the pressure relief shell (310) and the capacitor shell (100).

2. The explosion-proof capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief assembly (320) includes a plurality of pressure relief holes (321) formed on the surface of the pressure relief shell (310). The interior of the pressure relief shell (310) is connected to the interior of the capacitor shell (100). A piston plate (322) is slidably installed inside the pressure relief shell (310). The piston plate (322) is located at the bottom of the plurality of pressure relief holes (321) and at the top of the capacitor core (110).

3. The explosion-proof capacitor according to claim 2, characterized in that, A spring (324) is provided on the top of the piston plate (322), and the other end of the spring (324) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the pressure relief shell (310).

4. The explosion-proof capacitor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multiple pressure relief holes (321) are arranged in a ring shape, and each pressure relief hole (321) is a strip-shaped hole. An elastic sealing membrane (323) is fixedly installed inside the pressure relief hole (321).

5. The explosion-proof capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A self-healing sleeve (120) is fixedly installed on the outside of the capacitor core (110), and a heat sink (130) is fixedly installed on the outside of the self-healing sleeve (120). Both the self-healing sleeve (120) and the heat sink (130) are located inside the capacitor shell (100).

6. The explosion-proof capacitor according to claim 2, characterized in that, A metal clip (325) is provided on the top of the piston plate (322), and a plurality of color bladders (326) are fixedly installed between the metal clip (325) and the piston plate (322). An observation window (327) is fixedly installed on the surface of the pressure relief shell (310).

7. The explosion-proof capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disassembly assembly (330) includes a connecting ring (331) rotatably mounted on the outside of the pressure relief housing (310), and an mounting ring (332) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the capacitor housing (100).

8. The explosion-proof capacitor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The surface of the mounting ring (332) is provided with a mounting groove (333), and one side of the connecting ring (331) extends into the interior of the mounting groove (333) and is threadedly connected to the mounting groove (333).

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