A battery pack and a vehicle

Abstract

This application provides a battery pack and a vehicle, specifically relating to the field of battery technology. The battery pack includes a battery housing, battery modules, and protective components. The battery modules are located within the battery housing and include several parallel-arranged cell units, each equipped with an explosion-proof valve. The protective components include a stacked buffer layer and a fire-resistant layer. The fire-resistant layer, with its projection towards the explosion-proof valve, completely covers the valve, and the buffer layer covers the fire-resistant layer. Thus, the battery pack provided by this application, by incorporating the protective components, can effectively block heat transfer between the battery pack surface and the external environment, slowing the rate of temperature rise within the battery pack and reducing the risk of thermal runaway. The buffer layer effectively absorbs and mitigates external impacts or vibrations, improving the battery pack's impact resistance. The fire-resistant layer enables stable operation under high-temperature conditions, prevents fire spread, and provides longer-lasting fire protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With technological advancements and increasing demand for renewable energy, power batteries have been widely applied in many fields, including new energy vehicles and energy storage power stations. Among these, the power battery, as a key component of new energy vehicles, is undeniably crucial.

[0003] In actual vehicle use, especially in high-temperature environments, power batteries are more prone to heat accumulation, leading to an overall temperature increase. If the heat is not dissipated in time and accumulates rapidly inside the battery, once a critical value is exceeded, the battery may experience leakage, smoke, or even thermal runaway. Battery packs can experience extreme conditions such as high temperatures and high pressures, which may lead to hazards such as battery casing rupture and fire.

[0004] However, existing battery packs typically employ methods such as metal separators and thermal insulation materials to prevent fires. But these materials may fail at high temperatures and cannot effectively suppress the spread of fire, thus posing a threat to battery safety. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a battery pack and a vehicle. The battery pack provided by this application, by incorporating protective components, can effectively block heat transfer between the surface of the battery pack and the external environment, slow down the rate of temperature rise inside the battery pack, and reduce the risk of thermal runaway.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a battery pack, comprising:

[0007] Battery housing;

[0008] The battery module is located in the battery box. The battery module includes several battery cell units arranged in parallel, and each battery cell unit is equipped with an explosion-proof valve.

[0009] The protective component includes a buffer layer and a fireproof layer stacked together. The fireproof layer, with its projection facing the explosion-proof valve, completely covers the explosion-proof valve, and the buffer layer covers the fireproof layer.

[0010] The battery pack provided in the first aspect of this application includes a battery housing, battery modules, and protective components. The battery modules are located within the battery housing and include several parallel-arranged cell units, each equipped with an explosion-proof valve. The protective components include a stacked buffer layer and a fire-resistant layer. The fire-resistant layer, with its projection towards the explosion-proof valve, completely covers the valve, and the buffer layer covers the fire-resistant layer. Thus, the battery pack provided in this application, by incorporating the protective components, can effectively block heat transfer between the battery pack surface and the external environment, slowing the rate of temperature rise within the battery pack and reducing the risk of thermal runaway. The buffer layer effectively absorbs and mitigates external impacts or vibrations, improving the battery pack's impact resistance. The fire-resistant layer enables stable operation under high-temperature conditions, prevents fire spread, and provides longer-lasting fire protection.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the buffer layer has a plurality of through-holes arranged parallel to each other in the first direction, and each through-hole is provided with a corresponding explosion-proof valve.

[0012] The area of ​​the through-hole is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the fireproof layer includes a first region and a second region, with the second region surrounding the outer periphery of the first region;

[0014] The first zone is set up with the explosion-proof valve.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the first region of the fireproof layer is provided with a pre-cut line arranged along a first direction;

[0016] The pre-cut line is used to form an opening for the explosion-proof valve to spray high-temperature jets.

[0017] In one possible implementation, it further includes: a battery box cover, which is disposed on the battery box body;

[0018] The battery box cover has a protective plate on the side facing the battery module. The protective plate consists of a layered mica plate and an epoxy plate, with the epoxy plate positioned close to the battery module.

[0019] In one possible implementation, epoxy boards are correspondingly installed with explosion-proof valves;

[0020] The area of ​​the mica board is greater than or equal to that of the epoxy board.

[0021] In one possible implementation, it further includes: an adhesive;

[0022] One side of the adhesive is bonded to the battery cell unit, and the other side of the adhesive is bonded to the buffer layer.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the thickness of the buffer layer ranges from 2 to 3 mm.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the thickness of the fireproof layer ranges from 1 to 1.5 mm.

[0025] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle including the aforementioned battery pack.

[0026] It should be understood that the second aspect of this application corresponds to the technical solution of the first aspect of this application, and the beneficial effects achieved by each aspect and the corresponding feasible implementation are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0027] In addition to the technical problems solved by this application, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions as described above, other technical problems that can be solved by a battery pack and vehicle provided by this application, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by these technical features will be further described in detail in the specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only a part of the embodiments of this application. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of this application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 A top view of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 A front view of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer layer of the battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective plate of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 100-battery pack;

[0035] 200 - Battery module; 210 - Battery cell unit; 211 - Explosion-proof valve;

[0036] 300 - Protective component; 310 - Buffer layer; 311 - Through-hole; 320 - Fireproof layer; 321 - First zone; 3211 - Pre-cut line; 322 - Second zone;

[0037] 400 - Protective board; 410 - Mica board; 420 - Epoxy board;

[0038] 500 - Adhesive components. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] As described in the background section, existing battery packs typically employ methods such as metal separators and thermal insulation materials to prevent fire. However, these materials may fail at high temperatures and cannot effectively suppress the spread of fire, thus posing a safety hazard to the battery.

[0041] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this application provides a battery pack. The battery pack includes a battery housing, battery modules, and protective components. The battery modules are located within the battery housing and include several parallel-arranged battery cell units, each equipped with an explosion-proof valve. The protective components include a stacked buffer layer and a fire-resistant layer. The fire-resistant layer, with its projection onto the explosion-proof valve, completely covers the valve, and the buffer layer covers the fire-resistant layer. Thus, the battery pack provided by this application, by incorporating the protective components, can effectively block heat transfer between the battery pack surface and the external environment, slowing the rate of temperature rise within the battery pack and reducing the risk of thermal runaway. The buffer layer effectively absorbs and mitigates external impacts or vibrations, improving the battery pack's impact resistance. The fire-resistant layer enables stable operation under high-temperature conditions, prevents fire spread, and provides longer-lasting fire protection.

[0042] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle. The vehicle includes the battery pack described above.

[0043] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] This application provides a battery pack and a vehicle. By incorporating protective components, heat transfer between the battery pack surface and the external environment can be effectively blocked, slowing down the rate of temperature rise inside the battery pack and reducing the risk of thermal runaway. The specific structure of the battery pack and vehicle provided in this application embodiment is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] refer to Figure 1 This application provides a battery pack 100 in a first aspect. The battery pack 100 may include a battery housing (not shown), battery modules 200, and a protective component 300. In one possible implementation, the number of battery modules 200 can be plurality of, and this application embodiment does not limit the number of battery modules 200. In this application embodiment, plurality of battery modules 200 can be stacked, and plurality of battery modules 200 can be located within the battery housing.

[0046] Continue to refer to Figure 1 Based on the above embodiments, the battery module 200 may include battery cell units 210. In one possible implementation, the number of battery cell units 210 may also be several. This application embodiment does not limit the number of battery cell units 210. In this application embodiment, several battery cell units 210 are arranged side by side. Each battery cell unit 210 may be provided with an explosion-proof valve 211, thereby releasing the internal pressure of the battery cell unit 210 by opening the explosion-proof valve 211, and preventing the battery cell unit 210 from exploding. By setting the protective component 300, the thermal management performance of the battery pack 100 is improved, the thermal runaway process is delayed, and the risk of fire spread is reduced, thereby effectively improving the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0047] Continue to refer to Figure 1 Based on the above embodiments, in one possible implementation, a plurality of battery cell units 210 can be arranged along a first direction, thereby forming a battery module 200 together. Correspondingly, the explosion-proof valves 211 on the battery cell units 210 are also arranged along the first direction, and a plurality of through ports 311 can also be arranged at intervals and parallel in the first direction, so that the through ports 311 correspond one-to-one with the explosion-proof valves 211.

[0048] refer to Figure 1 as well as Figure 2Based on the above embodiments, the protective component 300 may further include a buffer layer 310 and a fireproof layer 320. In one possible implementation, the buffer layer 310 and the fireproof layer 320 may be stacked in a second direction. The fireproof layer 320, with its projection onto the explosion-proof valve 211, may completely cover the explosion-proof valve 211, while the buffer layer 310 may cover the fireproof layer 320. Thus, the buffer layer 310 may be located on the side of the fireproof layer 320 facing away from the battery cell unit 210. In this way, when the battery pack 100 experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve 211 opens, and high-temperature jets are ejected through the valve. The buffer layer 310 can prevent the high-temperature jets from contacting the battery cell unit 210, and it can also effectively absorb and mitigate external impacts or vibrations, improving the impact resistance of the battery pack 100.

[0049] Understandably, when the battery pack 100 experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve 211 opens, and high-temperature jets are ejected through it. The fire-resistant layer 320 prevents these jets from directly impacting adjacent battery cells 210, thus avoiding heat diffusion and effectively reducing the impact of external high temperatures on the explosion-proof valve 211, extending its service life and improving its operational reliability. The fire-resistant layer 320 also operates stably under high-temperature conditions, preventing fire spread and providing longer-lasting fire protection.

[0050] Based on the above embodiments, the buffer layer 310 can be made of foam structure, which is not limited in this application. It should be noted that foam material itself usually has a microporous structure, which has good absorption and buffering properties, so that the buffer layer 310 can effectively absorb and mitigate external impacts or vibrations, thereby improving the impact resistance of the battery pack 100.

[0051] Based on the above embodiments, the fireproof layer 320 can be made of ceramic fireproof cloth, and this application does not limit the scope of the embodiments. It should be noted that ceramic fireproof cloth has good high temperature resistance, can work stably under high temperature conditions, prevent the spread of fire, and provide fire protection for a longer period of time.

[0052] For example, the protective component 300 can be a composite layer structure made of materials such as foam and ceramic fireproof cloth, and the embodiments of this application are not limited herein.

[0053] refer to Figure 3 Based on the above embodiments, a through-hole 311 may be provided on the buffer layer 310. In one possible implementation, the number of through-holes 311 can be several, and the number of through-holes 311 can be the same as the number of explosion-proof valves 211; this application embodiment does not impose any limitation on this. In this application embodiment, such as... Figure 1As shown, several through-holes 311 can be arranged parallel to each other in the first direction. Each through-hole 311 can correspond to each explosion-proof valve 211, and the area of ​​the through-hole 311 can be greater than or equal to the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 211. Thus, by precisely aligning the through-holes 311 of the buffer layer 310 with the positions of the explosion-proof valves 211, the buffer layer 310 can be prevented from covering the explosion-proof valves 211. It is understood that the explosion-proof valve 211 only has a fireproof layer 320, which, while preventing foreign objects from falling into and touching the battery cell unit 210, allows the explosion-proof valve 211 to be easily ruptured and depressurized.

[0054] It should be noted that, for ease of description, in this embodiment, the first direction can be the width direction of the battery pack 100, i.e. Figure 1 The x-direction. The second direction can be the height direction of the battery pack 100, i.e. Figure 1 The y-direction. The third direction can be the length direction of the battery pack 100, i.e. Figure 1 The z-direction in the equation.

[0055] Continue to refer to Figure 1 Based on the above embodiments, the fireproof layer 320 may include a first region 321 and a second region 322. The second region 322 may surround the outer periphery of the first region 321. In one possible implementation, the explosion-proof valve 211 may be located in the first region 321. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the area of ​​the first region 321 may be the same as the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 211, and the area of ​​the first region 321 may also be the same as the size of the through-hole 311 of the buffer layer 310. Furthermore, the second region 322 may be a non-explosion-proof valve 211 area, and the fireproof layer 320 may also protect the battery cell 210 located in the non-explosion-proof valve 211 area.

[0056] Continue to refer to Figure 1 Based on the above embodiments, in one possible implementation, the first region 321 of the fireproof layer 320 may be provided with a pre-cut line 3211. In this embodiment, the pre-cut line 3211 may be provided along a first direction, and the pre-cut line 3211 is located at the center of the first region 321. It is understood that the pre-cut line 3211 can be used to form an opening for the explosion-proof valve 211 to spray high-temperature jets.

[0057] Thus, when the battery pack 100 experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve 211 opens, and a high-temperature jet is ejected through the valve. This high-temperature jet can break through the pre-cut line 3211 on the fireproof layer 320, creating an opening on the fireproof layer 320 for the high-temperature jet to be ejected. The pre-cut line 3211 prevents foreign objects from falling into and touching the battery cell unit 210, and also allows the explosion-proof valve 211 to be easily broken through and depressurized.

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, the battery pack 100 may further include a battery cover (not shown in the figure). The battery cover may cover the battery housing. In one possible implementation, the battery cover and the battery housing may form a mounting cavity, the battery module 200 may be located within the mounting cavity, and the battery cover may be located on top of the battery module 200.

[0059] Based on the above embodiments, in one possible implementation, a protective plate 400 may be provided on the side of the battery box cover facing the battery module 200. In the embodiments of this application, exemplarily, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the protective plate 400 may include a mica plate 410 and an epoxy plate 420. The mica plate 410 and the epoxy plate 420 may be stacked in a second direction. The epoxy plate 420 is positioned closer to the battery module 200 than the mica plate 410.

[0060] Based on the above embodiments, in one possible implementation, the epoxy board 420 can be correspondingly arranged with the explosion-proof valve 211. In this way, by aligning the epoxy board 420 with the explosion-proof valve 211, the epoxy board 420 can further protect the explosion-proof valve 211.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the area of ​​the mica plate 410 can be greater than or equal to the area of ​​the epoxy board 420. The orthographic projection of the mica plate 410 toward the battery box cover can completely cover the battery box cover, thereby enabling the mica plate 410 to protect the entire battery box cover.

[0062] Thus, by way of example, the protective plate 400 can be a composite layer structure made of materials such as mica board 410 and epoxy board 420, and this embodiment of the application is not limited thereto. It is understood that the provision of the protective plate 400 can improve the impact resistance of the battery pack 100 and prevent the battery box cover from catching fire.

[0063] It should be noted that epoxy board 420 is a composite material made of epoxy resin and glass fiber, etc. Epoxy board 420 has excellent insulation properties, which can effectively prevent short circuits between battery cells 210 or between battery cells 210 and other conductive components, ensuring the safety of battery pack 100. Epoxy board 420 also typically has good heat resistance, remaining stable in high-temperature environments and protecting battery cells 210 from overheating.

[0064] It should also be noted that mica board 410 is a sheet material made by pressing natural or synthetic mica with an adhesive (usually resin). Mica board 410 has high electrical insulation properties and can withstand high temperatures, generally remaining stable in high-temperature environments.

[0065] Continue to refer to Figure 1 Based on the above embodiments, in one possible implementation, the orthogonal projection of the buffer layer 310 toward the battery module 200 can completely cover the battery module 200, thereby enabling the buffer layer 310 to protect the entire battery module 200.

[0066] Continue to refer to Figure 1 Based on the above embodiments, the battery pack 100 may further include an adhesive member 500. One side of the adhesive member 500 can be adhered to the cell unit 210, and the other side of the adhesive member 500 can be adhered to the buffer layer 310, thereby fixing the buffer layer 310 to the cell unit 210 via the adhesive member 500. In one possible implementation, the number of adhesive members 500 can be at least one, and this application embodiment is not limited thereto. In this application embodiment, two adhesive members 500 are used as an example, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the two adhesive pieces 500 can be located at both ends of the fireproof layer 320 in the third direction and are bonded to the buffer layer 310.

[0067] For example, the adhesive 500 can be a structural adhesive, and this embodiment of the application is not limited thereto. It is understood that the use of the adhesive 500 ensures a firm bond between the buffer layer 310 and the surface of the cell unit 210, enhances the stability of the overall structure, and prevents the accumulation of heat that may be generated during thermal runaway.

[0068] Alternatively, the epoxy board 420 can also be fixedly connected to the mica board 410 by the adhesive 500. Exemplarily, the adhesive 500 can be a high-temperature resistant adhesive, but this embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0069] Based on the above embodiments, in one possible implementation, the thickness of the buffer layer 310 can range from 2 to 3 mm. In this application embodiment, exemplarily, the thickness of the buffer layer 310 can be 2 mm. This application embodiment is not intended to be limiting.

[0070] Based on the above embodiments, in one possible implementation, the thickness of the fire-resistant layer 320 can range from 1 to 1.5 mm. In this application embodiment, exemplarily, the thickness of the fire-resistant layer 320 can be 1.5 mm. This application embodiment is not intended to be limiting.

[0071] This application provides a vehicle (not shown in the figures) in a second aspect. The vehicle may include the battery pack 100 described above.

[0072] In this embodiment, the battery pack 100 provided in this application, by incorporating the protective component 300, can effectively block heat transfer between the surface of the battery pack 100 and the external environment, slow down the rate of temperature rise inside the battery pack 100, and reduce the risk of thermal runaway. The buffer layer 310 can effectively absorb and mitigate external impacts or vibrations, improving the impact resistance of the battery pack 100. The fireproof layer 320 can operate stably under high-temperature conditions, prevent the spread of fire, and provide longer-lasting fire protection.

[0073] In this embodiment of the application, the battery pack 100 provided by this embodiment has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, is suitable for large-scale production and application, and can effectively improve the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0074] The various embodiments or implementation methods described in this specification are presented in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0075] It should be noted that phrases such as "in specific implementations," "in some embodiments," "in this embodiment," and "exemplarily" in the specification indicate that the described embodiments may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether explicitly described or not, is within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art.

[0076] Generally speaking, terms should be understood at least in part by their use in context. For example, at least in part by context, the term "one or more" as used in the text can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic of the singular meaning, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics of the plural meaning. Similarly, at least in part by context, terms such as "a" or "the" can also be understood to convey either singular or plural usage.

[0077] It should be readily understood that “on,” “above,” and “on top of” in this disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest manner, such that “on” means not only “directly on something” but also “on something” with an intermediate feature or layer therebetween, and that “above” or “on top of” means not only “on something” but also “on something” without an intermediate feature or layer therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0078] Furthermore, for ease of explanation, spatially relative terms such as "below," "below," "under," "above," and "above" may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those shown in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptive terms used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: Battery housing; A battery module (200) is located in the battery housing. The battery module (200) includes a number of parallel-arranged cell units (210), and each cell unit (210) is provided with an explosion-proof valve (211). The protective component (300) includes a buffer layer (310) and a fireproof layer (320) stacked together. The fireproof layer (320) completely covers the explosion-proof valve (211) with its orthogonal projection toward the explosion-proof valve (211). The buffer layer (310) covers the fireproof layer (320).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer layer (310) has a plurality of through openings (311) arranged in parallel in the first direction, and each through opening (311) is corresponding to the explosion-proof valve (211); The area of ​​the through-hole (311) is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve (211).

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fireproof layer (320) includes a first region (321) and a second region (322), wherein the second region (322) surrounds the outer periphery of the first region (321); The first region (321) is provided in correspondence with the explosion-proof valve (211).

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first region (321) of the fireproof layer (320) is provided with a pre-cut line (3211) arranged along the first direction. The pre-cut line (3211) is used to form an opening for the explosion-proof valve (211) to spray high-temperature jets.

5. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Also includes: A battery box cover, wherein the battery box cover is disposed on the battery box body; The battery box cover has a protective plate (400) on the side facing the battery module (200). The protective plate (400) includes a mica plate (410) and an epoxy plate (420) stacked together. The epoxy plate (420) is disposed close to the battery module (200).

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The epoxy board (420) is correspondingly provided with the explosion-proof valve (211); The area of ​​the mica board (410) is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the epoxy board (420).

7. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Also includes: adhesive components (500); One side of the adhesive (500) is bonded to the battery cell (210), and the other side of the adhesive (500) is bonded to the buffer layer (310).

8. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The thickness of the buffer layer (310) ranges from 2 to 3 mm.

9. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The thickness of the fireproof layer (320) ranges from 1 to 1.5 mm.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack (100) as described in any one of claims 1-9 above.

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