An excitation regulator for silicon rectifier AC generators

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of excitation regulation technology and provides an excitation regulator for a silicon rectifier AC generator, including an AC generator G and an excitation regulator for regulating the voltage of the AC generator G; the excitation regulator includes an excitation winding, diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4, a voltage relay V1, a current relay I1, a reverse current relay I2, a resistor R2, a capacitor C, a battery pack Ud, and a resistor R1, wherein the voltage relay V1 includes a normally closed contact V1, the current relay I1 includes a normally closed contact I1, and the reverse current relay I2 includes a normally open contact I2. This utility model overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. The excitation regulator enables the generator to automatically adjust the magnitude of its excitation current to offset the influence of generator speed changes caused by wind speed variations on the generator terminal voltage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of excitation regulation technology, specifically to an excitation regulator for silicon rectifier AC generators. Background Technology

[0002] Silicon rectifier AC generators are widely used in wind power generation and ship power supply. Traditional silicon rectifier AC generators (such as those used in agricultural machinery and small wind power equipment) generally use mechanical vibration voltage regulators or simple electronic regulators, which have the following problems:

[0003] Voltage fluctuations: Changes in wind speed cause fluctuations in generator speed, resulting in a significant deviation of the output voltage from the rated value. This can easily lead to overcharging or undercharging of the energy storage battery, shortening the battery life.

[0004] Overload risk: A sudden increase in load can cause the current to exceed the limit, which may burn out the stator windings;

[0005] Reverse discharge: When there is no wind or the speed is low, the energy storage battery discharges in the reverse direction to the generator excitation winding, which consumes the stored energy and may damage the winding.

[0006] In response to the aforementioned problems, we propose an excitation regulator for silicon rectifier AC generators. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides an excitation regulator for silicon rectifier AC generators to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0009] An excitation regulator for a silicon rectifier AC generator includes an AC generator G and an excitation regulator for regulating the voltage of the AC generator G; the excitation regulator includes an excitation winding, diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4, a voltage relay V1, a current relay I1, a reverse current relay I2, a resistor R2, a capacitor C, a battery pack Ud, and a resistor R1, wherein the voltage relay V1 includes a normally closed contact V1, the current relay I1 includes a normally closed contact I1, and the reverse current relay I2 includes a normally open contact I2.

[0010] Furthermore, diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 form a single-phase bridge full-wave rectifier circuit; the negative terminal of diode D1 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D2, the positive terminals of diode D2 are all connected to the negative terminals of diode D3 and one end of generator G, the positive terminals of diode D3 are connected to the positive terminals of diode D4, and the negative terminals of diode D4 are all connected to the positive terminals of diode D1 and the other end of generator G; a voltage coil is also connected in parallel across the two ends of the generator.

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D2, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D3.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the current relay I1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1, and the other end of the current relay I1 is connected to one end of the normally open contact I2. A current coil is connected in series between the other end of the normally open contact I2 and the positive terminal of the battery pack Ud.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of each normally closed contact V1 is connected to one end of resistor R2 and one end of excitation winding; the other end of each normally closed contact V1 is connected to one end of normally closed contact I1; the other end of each normally closed contact I1 is connected to one end of normally open contact I2, the other end of resistor R2 and one end of voltage relay V1, and the other end of each voltage relay V1 is connected to the negative terminal of battery pack Ud and the other end of capacitor C.

[0014] Furthermore, the alternator includes a rotor for establishing a magnetic field when the generator is operating, a stator for generating an alternating voltage by interacting with the magnetic field of the rotor when the generator is operating, a drive end cover and a brush end cover for serving as front and rear support end covers of the generator, and a fan impeller for cooling.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotor consists of two claw-shaped magnetic poles pressed onto the rotor shaft, an excitation winding located between the two magnetic poles, and two slip rings pressed onto the rotor shaft. The two slip rings are insulated from each other and from the shaft, and the two ends of the excitation winding are respectively welded to the two slip rings.

[0016] This invention provides an excitation regulator for a silicon rectifier AC generator. It has the following advantages: the voltage relay V1 regulates the excitation current by opening and closing the normally closed contact V1, thereby controlling the stability of the generator output voltage.

[0017] Diode bridge rectifier circuit: Composed of diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4, used to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).

[0018] Capacitor C and resistor R1 are used for filtering and voltage regulation to improve the stability and reliability of the circuit. Current relay I1 regulates the excitation current by opening and closing the normally closed contact I1. When the load current exceeds the rated value, it automatically reduces the excitation current to prevent overload.

[0019] Resistor R2 acts as a current-limiting element, used to be connected in series with the excitation circuit during overload to reduce the excitation current and thus suppress the output voltage;

[0020] The reverse current relay I2 controls the reverse current by opening and closing the normally open contact I2, preventing the battery pack from discharging in the reverse direction to the excitation winding and protecting the battery pack and the excitation winding.

[0021] The voltage and current coils monitor the generator voltage and charging current to detect and control reverse current; the excitation regulator enables the generator to automatically adjust the magnitude of its excitation current (i.e., excitation flux) to counteract the effect of generator speed changes caused by wind speed variations on the generator terminal voltage. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is the excitation diagram of the generator of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the relationship between the generator terminal voltage and the generator speed of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relationship between the generator load current and the generator speed of this utility model; Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0026] See attached document Figures 1-3 As shown, an excitation regulator for a silicon rectifier AC generator includes an AC generator G and an excitation regulator for regulating the voltage of the AC generator G. The excitation regulator includes an excitation winding, diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4, a voltage relay V1, a current relay I1, a reverse current relay I2, a resistor R2, a capacitor C, a battery pack Ud, and a resistor R1. The voltage relay V1 includes a normally closed contact V1, the current relay I1 includes a normally closed contact I1, and the reverse current relay I2 includes a normally open contact I2.

[0027] The diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 form a single-phase bridge full-wave rectifier circuit. The negative terminal of diode D1 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D2. The positive terminals of diode D2 are all connected to the negative terminals of diode D3 and one end of generator G. The positive terminals of diode D3 are connected to the positive terminals of diode D4. The negative terminals of diode D4 are all connected to the positive terminals of diode D1 and the other end of generator G. A voltage coil is also connected in parallel across the two ends of the generator.

[0028] One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D2, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D3.

[0029] One end of the current relay I1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1, and the other end of the current relay I1 is connected to one end of the normally open contact I2. A current coil is connected in series between the other end of the normally open contact I2 and the positive terminal of the battery pack Ud.

[0030] One end of the normally closed contact V1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the excitation winding; the other end of the normally closed contact V1 is connected to one end of the normally closed contact I1; the other end of the normally closed contact I1 is connected to one end of the normally open contact I2, the other end of the resistor R2 and one end of the voltage relay V1, and the other end of the voltage relay V1 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery pack Ud and the other end of the capacitor C.

[0031] The alternator includes a rotor for establishing a magnetic field when the generator is operating, a stator for generating an alternating voltage by interacting with the magnetic field of the rotor when the generator is operating, a drive end cover and a brush end cover for serving as the front and rear support end covers of the generator, and a fan impeller for cooling.

[0032] The rotor consists of two claw-shaped magnetic poles pressed onto the rotor shaft, an excitation winding located between the two magnetic poles, and two slip rings pressed onto the rotor shaft. The two slip rings are insulated from each other and from the shaft. The two ends of the excitation winding are respectively welded to the two slip rings.

[0033] Working principle: When the generator speed is low (terminal voltage < rated value), the load current is normal (≤ rated value), and the generator voltage > battery voltage.

[0034] Voltage relay V1 does not operate; normally closed contact V1 remains closed.

[0035] The current relay I1 does not operate, and the normally closed contact I1 remains closed;

[0036] When the reverse current relay I2 is activated, the normally open contact I2 closes (the combined magnetic field has sufficient attractive force).

[0037] Voltage regulation: When the wind speed increases and the generator speed rises, the terminal voltage exceeds the rated value. Voltage relay V1 regulates the excitation current by opening and closing the normally closed contact V1, thereby stabilizing the generator output voltage. When the generator terminal voltage is lower than the rated value, voltage relay V1 does not operate, the normally closed contact V1 remains closed, and the excitation current is directly applied to the excitation winding, allowing the generator to excite normally. When the voltage exceeds the rated value, voltage relay V1 operates, the normally closed contact V1 opens, and resistor R2 is connected in series to the excitation circuit, reducing the excitation current and thus lowering the output voltage. The diode bridge rectifier circuit, composed of diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4, converts AC to DC, providing a stable DC power supply to the excitation winding. Capacitor C and resistor R1 are used for filtering and voltage stabilization, improving the stability and reliability of the circuit.

[0038] Overload protection: When the load current exceeds the set value of the current relay I1, the current relay I1 regulates the excitation current by opening and closing the normally closed contact I1. When the load current exceeds the rated value, the current relay I1 operates, the normally closed contact I1 opens, and the resistor R2 is connected in series to the excitation circuit. This is used to reduce the excitation current and suppress the output voltage when overloaded.

[0039] Anti-reverse flow protection: When the wind speed is too low → generator voltage < battery pack voltage → current flows back into the generator;

[0040] The reverse current relay I2 controls the reverse current by opening and closing the normally open contact I2, preventing the battery pack from discharging in the reverse direction to the excitation winding and protecting the battery pack and the excitation winding.

[0041] Voltage and current coils: By monitoring the generator voltage and charging current, reverse current can be detected and controlled.

[0042] The excitation winding and slip ring structure achieves stable regulation of the excitation current through the structural design of the excitation winding and slip ring, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the excitation system; the rectifier circuit converts AC power into DC power.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0044] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An excitation regulator for a silicon commutated alternator, comprising an alternator G and an excitation regulator for regulating the voltage of the alternator G; characterized in that: The excitation regulator includes an excitation winding, diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4, a voltage relay V1, a current relay I1, a reverse current relay I2, a resistor R2, a capacitor C, a battery pack Ud, and a resistor R1. The voltage relay V1 includes a normally closed contact V1, the current relay I1 includes a normally closed contact I1, and the reverse current relay I2 includes a normally open contact I2.

2. An exciter regulator for a silicon commutated alternator as defined in claim 1 wherein: The diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 form a single-phase bridge full-wave rectifier circuit. The negative terminal of diode D1 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D2. The positive terminals of diode D2 are all connected to the negative terminals of diode D3 and one end of generator G. The positive terminals of diode D3 are connected to the positive terminals of diode D4. The negative terminals of diode D4 are all connected to the positive terminals of diode D1 and the other end of generator G. A voltage coil is also connected in parallel across the two ends of the generator.

3. An exciter regulator for a silicon commutated alternator as defined in claim 1 wherein: One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D2, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D3.

4. An exciter regulator for a silicon commutated alternator as defined in claim 1 wherein: One end of the current relay I1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1, and the other end of the current relay I1 is connected to one end of the normally open contact I2. A current coil is connected in series between the other end of the normally open contact I2 and the positive terminal of the battery pack Ud.

5. An exciter regulator for a silicon commutated alternator as defined in claim 1 wherein: the first and second windings are wound on a common core; and the first and second windings are wound in opposite directions on the common core. One end of the normally closed contact V1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the excitation winding; the other end of the normally closed contact V1 is connected to one end of the normally closed contact I1; the other end of the normally closed contact I1 is connected to one end of the normally open contact I2, the other end of the resistor R2 and one end of the voltage relay V1, and the other end of the voltage relay V1 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery pack Ud and the other end of the capacitor C.

6. An exciter regulator for a silicon commutated alternator as defined in claim 1 wherein: The alternator includes a rotor for establishing a magnetic field when the generator is operating, a stator for generating an alternating voltage by interacting with the magnetic field of the rotor when the generator is operating, a drive end cover and a brush end cover for serving as the front and rear support end covers of the generator, and a fan impeller for cooling.

7. An exciter regulator for a silicon commutated alternator as defined in claim 6 wherein: The rotor consists of two claw-shaped magnetic poles pressed onto the rotor shaft, an excitation winding located between the two magnetic poles, and two slip rings pressed onto the rotor shaft. The two slip rings are insulated from each other and from the shaft. The two ends of the excitation winding are respectively welded to the two slip rings.

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