An electron beam welding fixture

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of welding technology, specifically an electron beam welding fixture for clamping a workpiece. The workpiece consists of a flat portion and a bridge-shaped portion, with the two flat portions respectively located on both sides of the bridge-shaped portion. A groove is provided on the back of the bridge-shaped portion, and a ring of welds consisting of a straight weld and a circular arc weld on opposite sides is provided on the bridge-shaped portion. The fixture includes an "L"-shaped plate composed of a horizontal plate and a vertical plate. The horizontal plate consists of a fixture flat portion and a fixture bridge-shaped portion that respectively mate with the flat portion and the bridge-shaped portion of the workpiece. A protrusion on the fixture bridge-shaped portion mates with the groove on the back of the bridge-shaped portion. A workpiece positioning structure and a workpiece fastening structure are provided between the flat portion of the workpiece and the fixture flat portion. This electron beam welding fixture can reduce welding deformation of special structure workpieces, ensure post-weld dimensional accuracy, ensure the welding quality of arcs and junctions, and meet special welding requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of welding technology, specifically to an electron beam welding fixture. Background Technology

[0002] Electron beam welding, an advanced welding process that uses an electron beam as a heat source, has a wide range of applications in many industrial fields. In an electron beam generator, the cathode is heated to a specific temperature and electrons are released. After being accelerated by a high-voltage electric field and focused by an electromagnetic lens, the electrons form an electron beam with extremely high energy density. When the electron beam bombards the welding surface, most of the electron kinetic energy is converted into heat energy, causing the metal at the joint of the welded parts to melt, thereby achieving welding.

[0003] In electron beam welding, the electron gun is fixed in position and cannot be moved. To form a continuous weld, the workpiece can only be moved. For vacuum electron beam welding machines, the workpiece to be welded is placed in a vacuum chamber and is usually clamped on a worktable that can move linearly or rotate. The welding process can be monitored with the help of an observation system.

[0004] However, in actual welding operations, especially for weldments consisting of a complete closed weld consisting of two arc-shaped welds and two straight welds perpendicular to the arcs, such as Figure 1 As shown, when the weldment has a thin, arc-shaped + flat structure, the existing technology faces many challenges: On the one hand, the deformation generated during welding of such weldments is large, and the dimensions cannot be achieved by machining after welding, which seriously affects the welding quality and product precision; on the other hand, the electron gun can only shoot an electron beam perpendicular to the weld surface from top to bottom. For welds on arc surfaces, it is necessary to ensure that the axis of the weld is coaxial with the rotation center of the electron beam welding machine in order to achieve arc welding by rotating the weldment. Furthermore, at the junction of arc welds and flat welds, as well as at the welding of flat welds perpendicular to the arc surface, achieving effective penetration and ensuring welding quality places extremely high demands on the welding process and tooling fixtures.

[0005] Existing general tooling fixtures are insufficient to meet the welding requirements of such special weldments, cannot effectively solve the welding problem at the junction of circular arc welds and planar welds, and cannot well control welding deformation, resulting in difficulty in guaranteeing the quality of electron beam welds. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop an electron beam welding tooling fixture specifically for such circular arc + planar weld structures. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this utility model provides an electron beam welding fixture that can reduce welding deformation of special structural weldments, ensure post-weld dimensional accuracy, guarantee the welding quality of arcs and joints, and meet special welding requirements.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0008] An electron beam welding fixture is used to clamp a workpiece. The workpiece consists of a flat part and a bridge-shaped part. The two flat parts are respectively located on both sides of the bridge-shaped part. A groove is provided on the back of the bridge-shaped part. A ring of welds consisting of a straight weld and a circular weld on opposite sides is provided on the bridge-shaped part. The fixture includes an "L"-shaped plate composed of a horizontal plate and a vertical plate. The horizontal plate is composed of a fixture flat part and a fixture bridge-shaped part that respectively mate with the flat part and the bridge-shaped part of the workpiece. A protrusion that mates with the groove on the back of the bridge-shaped part of the workpiece is provided on the fixture bridge-shaped part. A workpiece positioning structure and a workpiece fastening structure are provided between the flat part of the workpiece and the fixture flat part.

[0009] The welding part positioning structure includes mutually mating pin holes A and B respectively provided on the flat part of the welding part and the flat part of the tooling, and positioning pin A installed in pin holes A and pin holes B.

[0010] The fastening structure for the weldment includes a through hole A and a threaded hole A respectively provided on the flat part of the weldment and the flat part of the tooling, and a bolt A installed in the through hole A and the threaded hole A. The bolt A passes through the through hole A and is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole A.

[0011] The vertical plate is equipped with a tooling positioning structure and a tooling fastening structure for positioning and fastening the tooling fixture on the platform.

[0012] The tooling positioning structure includes a pin hole C set on the vertical plate, a pin hole D set on the platform that mates with the pin hole C, and a positioning pin B installed in the pin hole C and the pin hole D.

[0013] The tooling fastening structure includes a through hole B on the vertical plate, a threaded hole B on the platform that mates with the through hole B, and a bolt B installed in the through hole B and the threaded hole B.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] 1. This utility model discloses an electron beam welding fixture, which effectively controls welding deformation. Through a specific structural design, it can effectively reduce the deformation generated during welding, avoid the problem that the welding dimensions cannot be met by machining due to excessive deformation after welding, and improve welding quality and product precision.

[0016] 2. This utility model discloses an electron beam welding fixture that meets the welding requirements of special welds. For welds on arc surfaces, the fixture ensures that the axis of the weld is coaxial with the rotation center of the electron beam welding machine, thereby enabling the welding of arc welds by rotating the workpiece. In the welding of arc welds and planar welds, as well as in the welding of planar welds perpendicular to the arc surface, the fixture, in conjunction with the corresponding welding process, helps to achieve effective penetration and ensure welding quality, effectively solving the problem that existing general fixtures cannot meet the welding requirements of such special workpieces.

[0017] 3. This utility model discloses an electron beam welding fixture, which achieves precise positioning of the workpiece. By setting a workpiece positioning structure between the planar part of the workpiece and the planar part of the fixture, and utilizing mutually cooperating pin holes and positioning pins, as well as a fixture positioning structure on the vertical plate for positioning the fixture on the platform, the precise positioning of the workpiece on the fixture and the fixture on the platform is achieved by using the cooperation of pin holes and positioning pins, thus providing a foundation for high-quality welding.

[0018] 4. This utility model discloses an electron beam welding fixture, which ensures the weldment is firmly secured. A weldment securing structure is set between the flat part of the weldment and the flat part of the fixture. The fixture uses the combination of through holes, threaded holes and bolts, and a fixture securing structure is set on the vertical plate to secure the fixture on the platform. The combination of through holes, threaded holes and bolts ensures the weldment is firmly secured on the fixture and the fixture on the platform, preventing the weldment or fixture from moving during the welding process and affecting the welding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The advantages and solutions of this application will become clear to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention.

[0020] In the attached diagram:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the weldment structure;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an electron beam welding fixture according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an electron beam welding fixture and a workpiece during assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an electron beam welding fixture and a workpiece after assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, showing the installation of positioning pin A.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an electron beam welding fixture and a workpiece after assembly with mounting bolt A, according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection between an electron beam welding fixture and a platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the coordinated operation of various axes during welding using an electron beam welding fixture according to an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the coordinated operation of various axes during welding using an electron beam welding fixture according to an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0029] The components represented by the various reference numerals in the diagram are:

[0030] This utility model includes: 100, weldment; 110, weldment planar part; 111, pin hole A; 112, through hole A; 120, weldment bridge-shaped part; 130, straight weld; 140, circular arc weld; 200, tooling fixture; 210, horizontal plate; 211, tooling planar part; 212, tooling bridge-shaped part; 213, pin hole B; 214, threaded hole A; 220, vertical plate; 221, pin hole C; 222, through hole B; 300, locating pin A; 400, bolt A; 500, platform; 510, pin hole D; 520, threaded hole B; 600, locating pin B; 700, bolt B. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This electron beam welding fixture is designed for a workpiece 100 consisting of a closed weld bead consisting of two circular arc welds and two straight welds perpendicular to the arcs, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the weldment 100 has a structure of arc and plane, and the weldment is relatively thin. The deformation caused by welding is large, and it cannot be machined to meet the qualified dimensions after welding. Electron beam welding is a welding process that uses an electron beam as a heat source. The electron gun cannot move and can only shoot an electron beam perpendicular to the weld surface from top to bottom. When welding a weld on an arc surface, the axis of the weld seam of the weldment needs to be coaxial with the rotation center of the electron beam welding machine. In order to solve the welding problem of this weldment, the present invention provides an electron beam processing method and an electron beam welding fixture 200 specially made for this purpose.

[0032] See Figures 2 to 5 The tooling fixture 200 includes an "L"-shaped plate composed of a horizontal plate 210 and a vertical plate 220.

[0033] The horizontal plate 210 is composed of a tooling flat part 211 and a tooling bridge part 212 that respectively cooperate with the weldment flat part 110 and the weldment bridge part 120. A protrusion that cooperates with the back groove of the weldment bridge part 120 is provided on the tooling bridge part 212.

[0034] The welding part positioning structure includes mutually cooperating pin holes A111 and B213 respectively provided on the welding part plane 110 and the tooling plane 211, and positioning pins A300 installed in the pin holes A111 and B213 (in this embodiment, a φ16 positioning pin is used as positioning pin A300).

[0035] The fastening structure for the weldment includes a through hole A112 and a threaded hole A214 respectively provided on the weldment plane portion 110 and the tooling plane portion 211, and a bolt A400 (in this embodiment, an M12 bolt is used as bolt A400) installed in the through hole A112 and the threaded hole A214. The bolt A400 passes through the through hole A112 and is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole A214.

[0036] The vertical plate 220 is provided with a tooling positioning structure and a tooling fastening structure for positioning and fastening the tooling fixture 200 on the platform 500.

[0037] The tooling positioning structure includes a pin hole C221 on the vertical plate 220, a pin hole D510 on the platform 500 that mates with the pin hole C221, and a positioning pin B600 (in this embodiment, a φ16 positioning pin is used as the positioning pin B600) installed in the pin hole C221 and the pin hole D510.

[0038] The tooling fastening structure includes a through hole B222 on the vertical plate 220, a threaded hole B520 on the platform 500 that mates with the through hole B222, and a bolt B700 (an M12 bolt is used as bolt B700 in this embodiment) installed in the through hole B222 and the threaded hole B522.

[0039] See Figures 2 to 8 The specific implementation steps of this electron beam welding fixture are as follows:

[0040] Preliminary positioning of the weldment and the tooling: The groove on the back of the weldment 100 is placed on the "bridge" structure protruding on the upper end face of the tooling 200 (that is, the protrusion of the bridge section 212 of the tooling matches the groove on the back of the bridge section 120 of the weldment).

[0041] Precise positioning of the weldment and the tooling: Using φ16 locating pins (locating pin A300), the weldment 100 is positioned with the tooling 200 through the two φ16 locating pin holes (pin holes B213) on the front of the tooling and the two φ16 locating pin holes (pin holes A111) at the corresponding position of the weldment, ensuring that the axis of the arc weld of the weldment is coaxial with the "bridge-shaped" structure protruding on the upper end face of the tooling.

[0042] Assembly and fastening of weldment and tooling: Use M12 bolts (bolt A400) and nuts to assemble weldment 100 and tooling 200 together through the four φ13 through holes on the front of the tooling (through hole A112 corresponds to the hole on the tooling, and threaded hole A214 is the mating hole) and the four φ13 through holes (through hole A112) at the corresponding position of the weldment, ensuring that the weldment and tooling are fitted together, and then remove the locating pin (locating pin A300).

[0043] Tooling and platform positioning: Using φ16 positioning pins (positioning pins B600), the tooling 200 and platform 500 are positioned through the three φ16 positioning pin holes (pin holes C221) on the side of the tooling and the three φ16 positioning pin holes (pin holes D510) at the corresponding positions on the platform, ensuring that the axis of the arc weld of the weldment is coaxial with the axis of the plane rotation center.

[0044] Tooling and platform assembly and fastening: Use M12 bolts (bolt B700) and nuts to assemble tooling 200 and platform 500 together through two φ13 through holes (through holes B222) on the side of the tooling and two φ13 through holes at the corresponding positions on the plane (the holes on the platform that mate with through holes B222, corresponding to threaded holes B520), ensuring that the tooling and platform are fitted together, and then remove the locating pin (locating pin B600).

[0045] Preparation and welding of arc surface weld: Using tooling 200, align the axis of the arc surface weld of workpiece 100 with the axis of rotation of the electron beam welding machine. Adjust the rotation center B axis to 90° and rotate axis A to achieve arc surface weld.

[0046] Welding at the junction: The weld at the junction of the arc surface weld and the plane weld perpendicular to the arc surface is welded by linkage of the A-axis and X-axis.

[0047] Planar weld welding and full circle welding cycle: The planar weld perpendicular to the arc surface is welded by keeping the A-axis stationary while the X and Y axes are linked. Then, the weld is passed through the weld joint, and the arc surface weld is welded again. Then, the weld is passed through the weld joint again, and the planar weld is welded again through this step (i.e., the A-axis is stationary while the X and Y axes are linked). This cycle is repeated to complete the full circle welding.

[0048] After welding, there is no need to disassemble the tooling 200. The tooling 200 can be directly used for stress relief heat treatment to further control the welding deformation of the weldment 100.

[0049] This electron beam welding fixture solves the problem of achieving effective penetration depth in welding at the junction of circular arc welds and planar welds, as well as in planar welds perpendicular to the circular arc surface. It also controls welding deformation and improves the quality of electron beam welds.

Claims

1. An electron beam welding fixture for clamping a workpiece (100), the workpiece (100) comprising a flat portion (110) and a bridge-shaped portion (120), the two flat portions (110) being respectively disposed on both sides of the bridge-shaped portion (120), a groove being provided on the back of the bridge-shaped portion (120), and a weld bead consisting of a straight weld bead (130) and a circular arc weld bead (140) on opposite sides of the bridge-shaped portion (120), characterized in that, The tooling fixture (200) includes an "L"-shaped plate composed of a horizontal plate (210) and a vertical plate (220). The horizontal plate (210) is composed of a tooling flat part (211) and a tooling bridge part (212) that respectively cooperate with the weldment flat part (110) and the weldment bridge part (120). A protrusion that cooperates with the groove on the back of the weldment bridge part (120) is provided on the tooling bridge part (212). A weldment positioning structure and a weldment fastening structure are provided between the weldment flat part (110) and the tooling flat part (211).

2. An electron beam welding fixture according to claim 1, wherein The welding part positioning structure includes mutually cooperating pin holes A (111) and B (213) respectively provided on the welding part plane (110) and tooling plane (211), and positioning pin A (300) installed in pin holes A (111) and B (213).

3. The electron beam welding fixture of claim 1, wherein, The fastening structure of the weldment includes a through hole A (112) and a threaded hole A (214) respectively provided on the weldment plane (110) and the tooling plane (211), and a bolt A (400) installed in the through hole A (112) and the threaded hole A (214). The bolt A (400) passes through the through hole A (112) and is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole A (214).

4. The electron beam welding fixture of claim 1, wherein, The vertical plate (220) is provided with a tooling positioning structure and a tooling fastening structure for positioning and fastening the tooling fixture (200) on the platform (500).

5. An electron beam welding fixture as defined in claim 4, wherein, The tooling positioning structure includes a pin hole C (221) on the vertical plate (220), a pin hole D (510) on the platform (500) that mates with the pin hole C (221), and a positioning pin B (600) installed in the pin hole C (221) and the pin hole D (510).

6. An electron beam welding fixture as defined in claim 4, wherein, The tooling fastening structure includes a through hole B (222) on the vertical plate (220), a threaded hole B (520) on the platform (500) that mates with the through hole B (222), and a bolt B (700) installed in the through hole B (222) and the threaded hole B (520).

Images