A hydraulic cylinder buffer structure and a hydraulic cylinder
By setting an adjustable throttle orifice structure on the piston surface of the hydraulic cylinder, the mechanical impact problem at the end of the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder is solved, realizing dynamic adaptation and stability of the buffer strength, and improving the ease of operation and buffering effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INNER MONGOLIA HUACHEN INTELLIGENT EQUIP MFG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing hydraulic cylinders generate severe mechanical shock and noise when the piston moves to the end of the cylinder stroke. Furthermore, the throttling gap size of traditional buffer solutions is fixed and cannot be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different working conditions or loads.
A first rod and a sealing plate are installed in the axial through hole on the surface of the hydraulic cylinder piston. The sealing plate is driven to slide in the through groove by the adjustment structure. The depth of the throttle orifice is adjusted to achieve continuous adjustment of the buffer strength. Gears and racks are used to convert the rotational motion into linear motion. A locking structure is combined to ensure the stability of the throttle orifice.
It achieves dynamic adaptation of buffer strength, improves operational convenience and buffer stability, overcomes the shortcomings of traditional solutions that require replacing the buffer rod to adjust the buffer strength, and ensures that the buffer force accurately matches the load requirements.
Smart Images
Figure CN224453287U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydraulic cylinder technology, and in particular to a hydraulic cylinder buffer structure and a hydraulic cylinder. Background Technology
[0002] As a core actuator, the piston of a hydraulic cylinder moves at high speed under the drive of high-pressure oil. However, when the piston moves to the end of the cylinder stroke (such as the cylinder bottom or end cap), it will generate severe mechanical shock and noise. This shock is particularly significant under high-pressure conditions, which not only affects the stability of the system, but also seriously damages the service life of the cylinder and related components.
[0003] To mitigate terminal impact, our patent CN213684772U proposes a built-in buffer solution. The core of this solution involves an axial through-hole on the piston, housing a buffer rod with a specific working section (including a throttling orifice). The working principle is as follows: during normal rapid forward / reverse movement of the piston, the buffer rod moves to the end of its stroke, and its conical end seals the through-hole port. When the piston assembly approaches the end of its stroke, the obstructed buffer rod moves axially relative to the piston, opening the fixed throttling gap formed between the throttling orifice and the through-hole wall. High-pressure oil flows through this gap, generating back pressure, forcing the piston to decelerate, ultimately achieving a soft landing.
[0004] However, this solution has obvious limitations: the size (depth) of the throttling gap it produces is fixed. This means that in practical applications, if it is necessary to adjust the buffer strength, that is, change the size of the throttling gap to adapt to different working conditions or loads, the only way is to disassemble and replace the working section or the entire buffer rod with different specifications of throttling orifice. The flexibility and convenience are seriously lacking. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to propose a hydraulic cylinder buffer structure and a hydraulic cylinder to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a hydraulic cylinder buffer structure, which is disposed in an axial through hole on the surface of the cylinder piston, comprising:
[0007] The first rod has an outer diameter that matches the inner diameter of the axial through hole. Both ends of the first rod are provided with sealing parts. When the first rod moves to the end of its stroke, it causes the sealing part at the corresponding end to seal with the corresponding port of the axial through hole.
[0008] At least one sealing plate, the outer circumferential surface of the first rod body is provided with a through groove in the axial direction, the sealing plate is adapted to the shape of the through groove, the working surface of the sealing plate and the side wall of the through groove form a throttling orifice, and the axial length of the throttling orifice is greater than the length of the axial through hole;
[0009] An adjustment structure is used to drive the sealing plate to slide along the through groove to adjust the depth of the throttling orifice.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the adjustment structure includes:
[0011] The second rod has one end fixedly connected to the left sealing part provided at the left end of the first rod, and the other end is inserted into the first rod through the end hole opened at the left end of the first rod.
[0012] A driving component is mounted on the second rod and rotates axially synchronously with the second rod.
[0013] The driven member is fixedly connected to the sealing plate. The driven member is used to convert the rotational motion of the driving member into linear motion, so as to drive the sealing plate to move along the axial direction perpendicular to the first rod.
[0014] A locking structure is provided to lock the second rod body to prevent the second rod body from rotating axially relative to the first rod body.
[0015] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the driving component is a gear, and the driven component is a rack adapted to the gear.
[0016] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the locking structure includes:
[0017] A rotating sleeve with multiple first positioning holes on its outer circumferential surface, one end of which is fixedly connected to the left sealing part and coaxial with the second rod body, and the other end is inserted into the end hole. The outer circumferential surface of the first rod body is provided with a second positioning hole that matches the first positioning hole.
[0018] A positioning element, which is used to simultaneously pass through and connect the second positioning hole and the first positioning hole.
[0019] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the first rod body has guide grooves at both ends located in the length direction of the through groove.
[0020] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the sealing plate is provided with sliders on both sides in the width direction, and the sliders slide in cooperation with the grooves opened on the side wall of the through groove.
[0021] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the second rod body forms an insertion end at its end away from the left sealing part, and the insertion end is rotatably engaged with an insertion groove opened inside the first rod body.
[0022] To better solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model also provides a hydraulic cylinder, comprising:
[0023] The cylinder body has an outlet at one end;
[0024] The piston rod has one end movably disposed within the cylinder to form a tail end, and the other end extends out of the opening of the cylinder to form a head end;
[0025] A piston is located at the tail end of the piston rod. The piston has an axial through hole with any of the above-mentioned hydraulic cylinder buffer structures. Depending on whether the piston rod is present or not, the piston divides the cylinder body into a rod chamber and a rodless chamber. The cylinder body has a rod chamber oil hole that communicates with the rod chamber and a rodless chamber oil hole that communicates with the rodless chamber on its outside.
[0026] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the piston has a connecting hole for inserting the tail end of the piston rod, and a locking nut is provided at the tail end of the piston rod.
[0027] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model drives the sealing plate to slide in the through groove by adjusting the structure, thereby changing the depth of the throttling orifice formed by the working surface of the sealing plate and the side wall of the through groove. This enables the throttling orifice size to be continuously adjustable, allowing the buffer strength to dynamically adapt to different working conditions. This overcomes the defect of traditional fixed throttling orifices where the buffer rod must be replaced to adjust the buffer strength, and significantly improves the ease of operation. Attached Figure Description
[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0029] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the cylinder block of this utility model;
[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the piston half-section three-dimensional structure of this utility model;
[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first rod body of this utility model in half section.
[0032] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second rod, left sealing part, rotating sleeve and gear of this utility model;
[0033] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first rod of this utility model;
[0034] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second rod, gear, left sealing part, rotating sleeve and sealing plate of this utility model.
[0035] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. First rod body; 2. Right sealing part; 3. End hole; 4. Left sealing part; 5. Rotating sleeve; 6. First positioning hole; 7. Second positioning hole; 8. Positioning element; 9. Through groove; 10. Sealing plate; 11. Slider; 12. Slide groove; 13. Second rod body; 14. Gear; 15. Rack; 16. Insertion end; 17. Insertion groove; 18. Guide groove; 19. Piston; 20. Axial through hole; 21. Tapered hole; 22. Piston rod; 23. Connecting hole; 24. Locking nut; 25. Cylinder body; 26. Oil hole in rod chamber; 27. Oil hole in rodless chamber. Detailed Implementation
[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0037] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this utility model should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this utility model do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a hydraulic cylinder buffer structure is provided in an axial through hole 20 on the surface of the cylinder piston 19, comprising: a first rod 1, the outer diameter of which is adapted to the inner diameter of the axial through hole 20, and sealing portions (left sealing portion 4 and right sealing portion 2) provided at both ends of the first rod 1. Preferably, the left sealing portion 4 and the right sealing portion 2 are tapered structures, and the axial through hole 20 is provided with matching tapered holes 21 on its end face so that the two form surface contact. When the first rod 1 moves to the end of its stroke, it drives the sealing portion at the corresponding end to seal with the corresponding port of the axial through hole 20; at least one sealing plate 10, the outer circumferential surface of the first rod 1 is provided with a through groove 9 in the axial direction, the shape of the sealing plate 10 is adapted to the through groove 9, the working surface of the sealing plate 10 and the side wall of the through groove 9 form a throttling orifice, the axial length of the throttling orifice is greater than the length of the axial through hole 20; and an adjustment structure for driving the sealing plate 10 to slide along the through groove 9.
[0039] The above technical solution can adjust the depth of the throttling orifice, thereby adjusting the buffer strength. In use, the sealing plate 10 is driven to slide in the through groove 9 by adjusting the structure, changing the depth of the throttling orifice formed by the working surface of the sealing plate 10 and the side wall of the through groove 9. This achieves continuous adjustment of the throttling orifice size, dynamically adapting to different working conditions. It overcomes the defect of traditional fixed throttling orifices where the buffer rod must be replaced to adjust the buffer strength, and significantly improves the ease of operation.
[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the adjustment structure includes: a second rod 13, one end of which is fixedly connected to the left sealing part 4 provided at the left end of the first rod 1, and the other end is inserted into the first rod 1 through the end hole 3 opened at the left end of the first rod 1; a driving member, which is provided on the second rod 13 and rotates axially synchronously with the second rod 13; a driven member, which is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 10, and the driven member is used to convert the rotational motion of the driving member into linear motion so as to drive the sealing plate 10 to move along the axial direction perpendicular to the first rod 1. Preferably, the driving member is a gear 14, and the driven member is a rack 15 adapted to the gear 14; a locking structure, which is used to lock the second rod 13 to prevent the second rod 13 from rotating axially relative to the first rod 1.
[0041] The above technical solution can drive the sealing plate 10 to move. In use, rotating the second rod 13 drives the gear 14 to rotate. The gear 14 meshes with the rack 15, and the rack 15 converts the rotational motion into linear motion, pushing the sealing plate 10 to move along the axis perpendicular to the rod. Thus, the depth of the throttling orifice can be precisely controlled by rotational fine adjustment to ensure that the buffer force is accurately matched with the load requirements.
[0042] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the locking structure includes: a rotating sleeve 5 with multiple first positioning holes 6 on its outer circumferential surface, one end of the rotating sleeve 5 being fixedly connected to the left sealing part 4 and coaxial with the second rod body 13, and the other end being inserted into the end hole 3; the outer circumferential surface of the first rod body 1 having a second positioning hole 7 adapted to the first positioning hole 6; and a positioning element 8, which is used to simultaneously pass through and connect the second positioning hole 7 and the first positioning hole 6, preferably a bolt;
[0043] The above technical solution can ensure that the size of the throttle orifice will not change arbitrarily. After the adjustment is completed, the positioning component 8 is inserted into the first positioning hole 6 of the rotating sleeve 5 and the second positioning hole 7 of the first rod 1 at the same time, mechanically locking the rotational degree of freedom of the second rod 13, preventing accidental displacement caused by vibration, eliminating the risk of spontaneous change in the size of the throttle orifice caused by equipment vibration or oil pressure fluctuation, and ensuring buffer stability.
[0044] like Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the first rod 1 has guide grooves 18 at both ends located in the length direction of the through groove 9;
[0045] The above technical solution can facilitate the guidance of oil into the throttling orifice.
[0046] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the sealing plate 10 is provided with sliders 11 on both sides in the width direction, and the sliders 11 slide in cooperation with the grooves 12 opened on the side wall of the through groove 9.
[0047] The above technical solution can improve the motion stability of the sealing plate 10. When the sealing plate 10 moves, the sliders 11 on both sides slide along the slide groove 12 in a directional manner, which forcibly constrains the radial motion trajectory of the sealing plate 10, eliminates the problem of deflection and jamming, overcomes the problem of the sealing plate 10 being easy to tilt and jam in a narrow space, and ensures that the adjustment process is smooth and reliable.
[0048] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the second rod 13 forms an insertion end 16 at the end away from the left sealing part 4, and the insertion end 16 is rotatably engaged with the insertion groove 17 opened inside the first rod 1.
[0049] The above technical solution can stably set the second rod 13 inside the first rod 1. The insertion end 16 of the second rod 13 rotates in the insertion groove 17, providing a stable fulcrum for the driving component. At the same time, it prevents the transmission failure caused by the deformation of the second rod 13 due to cantilever stress, and improves the durability of the adjustment structure.
[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this utility model also provides a hydraulic cylinder, including: a cylinder body 25, one end of which has an outlet; a piston rod 22, one end of which is movably disposed within the cylinder body 25 to form a tail end, and the other end of which extends out of the opening of the cylinder body 25 to form a head end; a piston 19, which is disposed at the tail end of the piston rod 22, and any of the above-mentioned hydraulic cylinder buffer structures are provided in the axial through hole 20 of the piston 19. Depending on whether there is a piston rod 22, the piston 19 divides the interior of the cylinder body 25 into a rod chamber and a rodless chamber. The cylinder body 25 has a rod chamber oil hole 26 communicating with the rod chamber and a rodless chamber oil hole 27 communicating with the rodless chamber on its exterior. The piston 19 has a connecting hole 23 for the tail end of the piston rod 22 to be inserted, and a locking nut 24 is provided at the tail end of the piston rod 22.
[0051] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the framework of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity.
[0052] This utility model is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A hydraulic cylinder buffer structure, disposed in an axial through hole (20) on the surface of a cylinder piston (19), comprising: The outer diameter of the first rod (1) is adapted to the inner diameter of the axial through hole (20). The two ends of the first rod (1) are provided with sealing parts. When the first rod (1) moves to the end of its stroke, it drives the sealing part of the corresponding end to seal with the corresponding port of the axial through hole (20). The structure is characterized in that it further includes: At least one sealing plate (10), the outer circumferential surface of the first rod body (1) is provided with a through groove (9) in the axial direction, the sealing plate (10) and the through groove (9) are adapted to each other in shape, the working surface of the sealing plate (10) and the side wall of the through groove (9) are enclosed to form a throttling orifice, and the axial length of the throttling orifice is greater than the length of the axial through hole (20). An adjustment structure is used to drive the sealing plate (10) to slide along the through groove (9) to adjust the depth of the throttling orifice.
2. The hydraulic cylinder buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment structure includes: The second rod (13) has one end fixedly connected to the left sealing part (4) provided at the left end of the first rod (1), and the other end is inserted into the first rod (1) through the end hole (3) opened at the left end of the first rod (1). A driving component is mounted on the second rod (13) and rotates axially synchronously with the second rod (13); The driven member is fixedly connected to the sealing plate (10). The driven member is used to convert the rotational motion of the driving member into linear motion so as to drive the sealing plate (10) to move along the axial direction perpendicular to the first rod (1). A locking structure is provided for locking the second rod (13) to prevent the second rod (13) from rotating axially relative to the first rod (1).
3. The hydraulic cylinder cushioning structure according to claim 2, wherein The driving element is a gear (14), and the driven element is a rack (15) adapted to the gear (14).
4. The hydraulic cylinder cushioning structure according to claim 3, wherein The locking structure includes: A rotating sleeve (5) with multiple first positioning holes (6) on its outer circumferential surface. One end of the rotating sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to the left sealing part (4) and coaxial with the second rod body (13), and the other end is inserted into the end hole (3). The outer circumferential surface of the first rod body (1) is provided with a second positioning hole (7) that matches the first positioning hole (6). Positioning element (8) is used to simultaneously connect the second positioning hole (7) and the first positioning hole (6).
5. The hydraulic cylinder cushioning structure according to claim 4, wherein The first rod (1) has guide grooves (18) at both ends in the length direction of the through groove (9).
6. The hydraulic cylinder cushioning structure according to claim 4, wherein The sealing plate (10) has sliders (11) on both sides in the width direction, and the sliders (11) slide in cooperation with the sliding grooves (12) opened on the side wall of the through groove (9).
7. The hydraulic cylinder cushioning structure according to claim 4, wherein The second rod (13) has an insertion end (16) formed at the end away from the left sealing part (4), and the insertion end (16) is rotatably engaged with the insertion groove (17) opened inside the first rod (1).
8. A hydraulic cylinder, characterized by The hydraulic cylinder includes: The cylinder body (25) has an outlet at one end; The piston rod (22) has one end movably disposed inside the cylinder (25) to form a tail end, and the other end extends out of the opening of the cylinder (25) to form a head end; A piston (19) is located at the tail end of the piston rod (22). The axial through hole (20) of the piston (19) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder buffer structure according to any one of claims 1-7. Depending on whether the piston rod (22) is present or absent, the piston (19) divides the interior of the cylinder body (25) into a rod chamber and a rodless chamber. The cylinder body (25) has a rod chamber oil hole (26) connecting the rod chamber and a rodless chamber oil hole (27) connecting the rodless chamber on its exterior.
9. The hydraulic cylinder of claim 8, wherein, The piston (19) has a connecting hole (23) for inserting the end of the piston rod (22), and the end of the piston rod (22) is provided with a locking nut (24).