Shell and tube heat exchangers, cascade heat exchange systems, heat pump units and refrigeration units

Abstract

This application relates to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a cascade heat exchange system, a heat pump device, and a refrigeration device, belonging to the field of heat exchanger technology. It aims to solve the problem that separately configured condenser heat exchangers and oil separators increase the structural complexity of the system. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes a shell, an inlet nozzle, a heat exchange tube bundle, and a cooling assembly. The shell contains mutually isolated separation zones and heat exchange chambers. The separation zone includes a first chamber and a second chamber, with a flow guide notch between the first and second chambers, positioned along a first direction near the separation zone. The first chamber has a first oil outlet. The inlet end of the inlet nozzle is located outside the shell, and the outlet end is located inside the first chamber and faces the inner wall of the first chamber. The heat exchange tube bundle is disposed within the heat exchange chamber, with its interior isolated from the heat exchange chamber. One end of the heat exchange tube bundle communicates with the second chamber, and the other end communicates with the first liquid outlet. The cooling assembly is located in the first chamber and positioned close to the flow guide notch along the first direction, for cooling the refrigerant flowing from the first chamber to the second chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, and in particular to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a cascade heat exchange system, a heat pump device, and a refrigeration device. Background Technology

[0002] Cascade heat exchange systems can significantly expand the range of cooling or heating, realize the cascade utilization of cold and heat, and fully utilize the performance advantages of each temperature range through different combinations of working fluids in the high-temperature and low-temperature stages to achieve energy saving and meet the purpose of special applications. They are widely used in the fields of low-temperature refrigeration and high-temperature heat pumps.

[0003] In a cascade heat exchange system, the condenser-evaporator is the core heat exchange module connecting the high-temperature heat exchange loop and the low-temperature heat exchange loop. The condenser-evaporator is both the condenser of the low-temperature loop and the evaporator of the high-temperature loop.

[0004] In low-temperature heat exchange circuits, since the compressor exhaust is always in a superheated state and contains lubricating oil, a separate oil separator is required between the compressor exhaust and the condenser / evaporator to separate the lubricating oil mixed in the refrigerant. This prevents the lubricating oil from entering and adhering to the inner wall of the heat exchanger coils, thus reducing the heat exchange efficiency on both sides of the coils. Therefore, existing cascade heat exchange systems require an external oil separator, resulting in a relatively complex structure. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a cascade heat exchange system, a heat pump device, and a refrigeration device, aiming to solve the problem that separately configured condenser heat exchangers and oil separators would increase the structural complexity of the system.

[0006] In a first aspect, some embodiments of this application provide a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, including a shell, an inlet nozzle, a heat exchange tube bundle, and a cooling assembly. The shell contains a separation zone and a heat exchange chamber that are isolated from each other. The shell has a first liquid outlet, a first oil outlet, and a first heat exchange port and a second heat exchange port communicating with the heat exchange chamber. The separation zone includes a first chamber and a second chamber, with a flow guide notch between the first and second chambers. The flow guide notch is located along a first direction near the side of the separation zone. The first chamber has a first oil outlet.

[0007] The air inlet end of the air inlet nozzle is located outside the housing, and the air outlet end of the air inlet nozzle is located inside the first chamber and is positioned towards the inner wall of the first chamber.

[0008] The heat exchange tube bundle is installed inside the heat exchange chamber, and the interior of the heat exchange tube bundle is isolated from the heat exchange chamber. One end of the heat exchange tube bundle is connected to the second chamber, and the other end of the heat exchange tube bundle is connected to the first liquid outlet.

[0009] The cooling assembly is located in the first chamber and positioned close to the flow guide notch along the first direction, for cooling the refrigerant flowing from the first chamber to the second chamber.

[0010] Secondly, some embodiments of this application provide a cascade heat exchange system, including: the shell-and-tube heat exchanger as described in the first aspect, a low-temperature heat exchange circuit, and a high-temperature heat exchange circuit. The low-temperature heat exchange circuit includes a first compressor, an inlet end of an inlet nozzle, a first liquid outlet, a first throttle, an evaporator heat exchanger, and the first compressor connected in sequence, with a first oil outlet for connecting to the first oil return port of the first compressor. The high-temperature heat exchange circuit includes a second compressor, an oil separator, a condenser heat exchanger, a second throttle, a second heat exchange port, a first heat exchange port, and the second compressor connected in sequence.

[0011] Thirdly, some embodiments of this application provide a heat pump device, including the cascade heat exchange system of the second aspect, wherein a condenser heat exchanger is used to generate a high-temperature heat source.

[0012] Fourthly, some embodiments of this application provide a refrigeration device, including the cascade heat exchange system of the second aspect, wherein the evaporative heat exchanger is used to prepare a low-temperature cold source.

[0013] The technical solutions provided in this application have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0014] By placing a shell-and-tube heat exchanger between a low-temperature heat exchange circuit and a high-temperature heat exchange circuit, the gaseous first refrigerant in the low-temperature heat exchange circuit and the liquid second refrigerant in the high-temperature heat exchange circuit can exchange heat through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which can be used to prepare an ultra-low temperature cold source or an ultra-high temperature heat source.

[0015] Since the gaseous first refrigerant in the low-temperature heat exchange circuit contains lubricating oil, an inlet nozzle is installed in the first chamber of the separation zone of the shell, with the outlet end of the inlet nozzle facing the inner wall of the first chamber. In this way, when the first refrigerant fluid mixed with lubricating oil is sprayed through the inlet nozzle and collides with the inner wall of the first chamber, larger oil droplets in the gaseous first refrigerant are separated, and the initially separated oil is collected at the first oil outlet for discharge.

[0016] As the gaseous first refrigerant from the primary separation flows from the first chamber to the second chamber through the guide notch, the cooling component cools the fluid flowing through it. The gaseous first refrigerant is cooled down after passing through the cooling component, and a small amount of the gaseous first refrigerant is condensed into liquid. At the same time, the tiny oil droplets carried by the gas dissolve in the liquid first refrigerant and flow to the first oil outlet, thereby achieving secondary separation of the lubricating oil.

[0017] After secondary separation, the gaseous first refrigerant enters the heat exchange tube bundle through the second chamber to exchange heat with the liquid second refrigerant in the heat exchange chamber. Since the inner wall of the heat exchange tube bundle is not covered with lubricating oil or has very little lubricating oil, the first refrigerant can quickly liquefy and release heat through the tube wall. The second refrigerant in the heat exchange chamber can quickly absorb heat and vaporize through the tube wall, thereby achieving rapid heat exchange and transfer with high heat exchange efficiency.

[0018] In this design, the cooling components can simultaneously cool the flowing gaseous first refrigerant, reducing its superheat. This allows the refrigerant with lower superheat to liquefy more easily within the heat exchange tube bundle and release heat, thereby improving the heat exchange rate and efficiency between the first and second refrigerants. Furthermore, by integrating primary and secondary lubricant separation functions, this shell-and-tube heat exchanger eliminates the need for an oil separator in the low-temperature heat exchange circuit. This enables a highly efficient and compact design that ensures both oil-gas separation and efficient heat exchange, while simplifying the system piping required for an external oil separator, reducing weld points, lowering the risk of oil leaks, and minimizing the footprint. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cascade heat exchange system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A front view of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger shown in the figure;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows an internal structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the separation zone shown;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The shown separation zone includes an intake nozzle and a cooling assembly;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the separation zone shown in the figure;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a cooling assembly is provided in the separation zone;

[0029] Figure 8 A front view of a filter plate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Sectional view of line AA in the middle;

[0031] Figure 10 for Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cooling component shown in the figure;

[0032] Figure 11 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the guide zone shown in the image;

[0033] Figure 12 for Figure 11 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the liquid separator and baffle shown in the figure;

[0034] Figure 13 for Figure 11 A schematic diagram of an internal view of the flow guidance area shown;

[0035] Figure 14 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flash reservoir shown in the figure;

[0036] Figure 15 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structure of the cooler shown;

[0037] Figure 16 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a regenerator.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 100. Shell and tube heat exchangers;

[0040] 1. Shell;

[0041] 11. Separation zone; 111. First liquid outlet; 112. First oil outlet; 113. First chamber; 1131. Oil storage chamber; 1132. First separation chamber; 1133. Second separation chamber; 11331. Cooling chamber; 11332. Flow guiding chamber; 11333. Drain hole; 1134. Oil guide hole; 114. Second chamber; 1411. Air inlet chamber; 1412. Liquid outlet chamber; 115. Flow guiding notch;

[0042] 12. Heat exchange chamber; 121. First heat exchange port; 122. Second heat exchange port;

[0043] 13. Flow guiding zone; 131. Second outlet; 132. Flow chamber; 133. Liquid storage chamber; 134. Flow hole;

[0044] 141. Oil storage baffle; 142. Filter screen plate; 1421. Frame component; 1422. Support rib; 1423. Filter screen; 143. Oil guide pipe;

[0045] 151. First tube sheet; 152. Second tube sheet; 153. First partition; 154. Second partition; 155. Baffle; 156. Separating partition;

[0046] 2. Intake nozzle;

[0047] 3. Heat exchanger tube bundle; 31. First tube bundle; 32. Second tube bundle;

[0048] 4. Cooling assembly; 41. First coil; 42. Heat exchange fins; 43. Liquid collection pipe;

[0049] Z, first direction; Y, second direction; X, third direction;

[0050] 200. Low-temperature heat exchange circuit; 210. First compressor; 220. Evaporator heat exchanger; 211. First oil return port; 212. First exhaust port; 213. First gas return port; 214. First gas supply port; 231. First throttle; 232. Third throttle; 240. Flash liquid receiver; 241. First tank; 242. Second coil; 243. First liquid inlet; 244. First liquid outlet; 245. First gas outlet;

[0051] 300. High-temperature heat exchange circuit; 310. Second compressor; 311. Second air inlet; 312. Second oil return port; 313. Second exhaust port; 314. Second air return port; 320. Oil separator; 321. First air inlet; 322. Second air outlet; 323. Second oil outlet; 330. Condensing heat exchanger; 341. Second throttling device; 342. Fourth throttling device; 350. Cooler; 351. Second tank 352, Third coil; 3511, First heat exchange chamber; 3512, Second heat exchange chamber; 3513, First cooling port; 3514, Second cooling port; 3515, Third cooling port; 3516, Fourth cooling port; 360, Regenerator; 361, Third heat exchange chamber; 362, Fourth heat exchange chamber; 363, First regenerator port; 364, Second regenerator port; 365, Third regenerator port; 366, Fourth regenerator port. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.

[0054] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relative position or movement of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "front," "back," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a positional flip, orientation change, or change of motion, these directional indications will change accordingly. For instance, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a cascade heat exchange system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 The image shows a front view of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows an internal structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Figure 4 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the separation zone shown in the diagram. Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the separation zone, which includes an intake nozzle and a cooling assembly. Figure 6 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a schematic representation of the internal structure of the separation zone. Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shows a structure in which a cooling assembly is provided in the separation zone. Figure 8 This is a front view of a filter plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 for Figure 8 A cross-sectional view along line AA in the middle. Figure 10 for Figure 5 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structure of the cooling component. Figure 11 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the guide zone shown. Figure 12 for Figure 11 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structure of the liquid separator and baffle. Figure 13 for Figure 11 A schematic diagram of an internal view of the guide zone shown. Figure 14 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a flash reservoir. Figure 15 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of the cooler shown. Figure 16 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a regenerator.

[0056] Please see Figures 1 to 16 This application provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a cascade heat exchange system, a heat pump device, and a refrigeration device to solve the problem that separately configured condenser heat exchangers and oil separators would increase the structural complexity of the system.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a cascade heat exchange system, including a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100, a low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200, and a high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300, all connected in sequence. The low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200 includes a first compressor 210, a condensation heat exchange zone of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100, a first throttling device 231, an evaporation heat exchanger 220, and the first compressor 210, all connected in sequence. The high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300 includes a second compressor 310, an oil separator 320, a condensation heat exchanger 330, a second throttling device 341, an evaporation heat exchange zone of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100, and the second compressor 310, all connected in sequence.

[0058] In this circuit, the first refrigerant circulates in the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200. For example, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous first refrigerant flowing from the first compressor 210 condenses into a liquid state in the condensation heat exchange zone of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100, releasing heat. After being depressurized by the first throttling device 231, the liquid first refrigerant absorbs heat and vaporizes at the evaporation heat exchanger 220. The vaporized first refrigerant then flows back into the first compressor 210 for cyclic compression.

[0059] Correspondingly, the second refrigerant circulates in the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous second refrigerant flowing out of the second compressor 310 undergoes oil-gas separation in the oil separator 320. The separated gaseous second refrigerant condenses into a liquid state in the condensing heat exchanger 330, releasing heat. After being depressurized by the second throttling device 341, the liquid second refrigerant absorbs the heat released by the first refrigerant and vaporizes in the evaporation heat exchange zone of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100. The vaporized second refrigerant then flows into the second compressor 310 and is circulated and compressed.

[0060] Based on this, by setting up two or more heat exchange loops to form a multi-stage cascade heat exchange system, the corresponding first and second refrigerants and other media can adapt to the heat exchange efficiency of the multi-stage temperature zones, thereby achieving the effects of ultra-high temperature heating and ultra-low temperature cooling.

[0061] Taking the application of a cascade heat exchange system in a refrigeration device as an example, the refrigeration device may include the above two-stage cascade heat exchange system to achieve a lower temperature refrigeration effect at the evaporator heat exchanger 220, that is, to prepare a low-temperature cold source.

[0062] At this point, the second refrigerant can be a conventional medium such as R134a or R513A. Correspondingly, the first refrigerant can be a medium such as R744 (carbon dioxide), R717 (ammonia), R507A, R404A, R407C, or R410A. This allows the evaporator heat exchanger 220 in the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200 to achieve cooling requirements below -30°C through the evaporation and heat absorption of the first refrigerant. Furthermore, the second refrigerant can be used as a medium to transfer the heat absorbed by the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200 to high-temperature or ambient temperature regions, resulting in a system with high overall heat exchange efficiency and the ability to achieve ultra-low temperature cooling.

[0063] Taking the application of a cascade heat exchange system in a heat pump device as an example, the heat pump device may include the above two-stage cascade heat exchange system to achieve a higher temperature heating effect at the condenser heat exchanger 330, that is, to prepare a high-temperature heat source.

[0064] At this point, the first refrigerant can be a conventional medium such as R134a or R513A. Correspondingly, the second refrigerant can be a medium such as R744 (i.e., carbon dioxide), R515B, or R1233ZDE. This allows the condenser heat exchanger 330 at the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300 to achieve heating requirements such as above 85°C through the condensation and heat release of the second refrigerant. Furthermore, the second refrigerant can be used as a medium to transfer heat from the low-temperature or normal-temperature region to the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300 via the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200. The heat released during the condensation process of the high-temperature refrigerant at the condenser heat exchanger 330 is then used for high-temperature heating, resulting in a system with high overall heat exchange efficiency and the ability to achieve ultra-high-temperature heating effects.

[0065] In this process, the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant between the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200 and the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300 exchange heat within the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100 to achieve the effects of ultra-low temperature cooling or ultra-high temperature heating.

[0066] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100 includes a shell 1, an inlet nozzle 2, a heat exchange tube bundle 3, and a cooling assembly 4. The shell 1 contains a separation zone 11 and a heat exchange chamber 12 that are isolated from each other. The heat exchange chamber 12 is used for non-contact heat exchange between a first refrigerant and a second refrigerant. The separation zone 11 is used for heat exchange between the first refrigerant 210 (e.g., a compressor 210) and the second refrigerant. Figure 1(As shown) The lubricating oil mixed in the gaseous first refrigerant flowing out is separated. The casing 1 is provided with a first liquid outlet 111, a first oil outlet 112, and a first heat exchange port 121 and a second heat exchange port 122 communicating with the heat exchange chamber 12. Combined with... Figure 4 The separation zone 11 includes a first chamber 113 and a second chamber 114. A flow guide notch 115 is provided between the first chamber 113 and the second chamber 114. The flow guide notch 115 is provided along the first direction Z on the side close to the separation zone 11. The first chamber 113 is connected to the first oil drain port 112 so that the lubricating oil separated in the first chamber 113 can be discharged through the first oil drain port 112.

[0067] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the air inlet of the air inlet nozzle 2 is located outside the housing 1, and the air outlet of the air inlet nozzle 2 is located inside the first chamber 113 and faces the inner wall of the first chamber 113. The air inlet nozzle 2 can be a straight structure or a bent structure. A straight air inlet nozzle 2 has a higher internal fluid flow velocity, resulting in a higher impact velocity when the fluid impacts the inner wall of the first chamber 113, allowing the mixed gaseous fluid (such as the first refrigerant) and liquid fluid (such as lubricating oil) to achieve better separation through impact. Furthermore, taking the first direction Z as the vertical direction as an example, by providing a bent air inlet nozzle 2, the direction of the air outlet located in the first chamber 113 can be flexibly adjusted, so that the mixed fluid sprayed towards the inner wall can promote the separation of oil and gas.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, the heat exchange tube bundle 3 is disposed within the heat exchange chamber 12, with its interior isolated from the heat exchange chamber 12. One end of the heat exchange tube bundle 3 is connected to the second chamber 114, and the other end is connected to the first liquid outlet 111. In this configuration, both ends of the heat exchange tube bundle 3 are located on the same side of the heat exchange chamber 12. For example, the heat exchange tube bundle 3 may include two sets of tubes, connected one-to-one via elbows at the ends away from the second chamber 114, or the two sets of tubes may be connected via chamber guides at the ends within the second chamber 114. This arrangement ensures that the air inlet and liquid outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle 3 are located on the right side of the heat exchange chamber 12 (i.e., the side where the second chamber 114 is located).

[0069] For example, the first heat exchange port 121 and the second heat exchange port 122 can be connected between the second throttle 341 and the second compressor 310, so that the second coolant liquefied by the condenser heat exchanger 330 can vaporize and absorb heat in the heat exchange chamber 12. Correspondingly, the air inlet end of the air inlet nozzle 2 and the first liquid outlet 111 can be connected between the first compressor 210 and the first throttle 231, so that the first refrigerant mixed with lubricating oil flowing out of the first compressor 210 can undergo oil-gas separation in the separation zone 11, and the separated gaseous first refrigerant can liquefy and release heat in the heat exchange tube bundle 3 of the heat exchange chamber 12, so that the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200 and the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300 can exchange heat through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100.

[0070] Since the first chamber 113 and the second chamber 114 are connected through the flow guide gap 115, taking the flow guide gap 115 as the upper side of the separation zone 11 as an example, the gaseous refrigerant (such as the first refrigerant) separated in the first chamber 113 can enter the heat exchange tube bundle 3 through the flow guide gap 115 and the second chamber 114, so that the first refrigerant in the heat exchange tube bundle 3 can be liquefied and release heat to the second refrigerant in the heat exchange chamber 12, so that the second refrigerant in the heat exchange chamber 12 can fully absorb heat and vaporize, thereby realizing the heat exchange between the low temperature heat exchange circuit 200 and the high temperature heat exchange circuit 300.

[0071] Among them, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the cooling component 4 is located in the first chamber 113 and is positioned close to the flow guide notch 115 along the first direction Z, and is used to cool the refrigerant (i.e. the first refrigerant) flowing from the first chamber 113 to the second chamber 114.

[0072] Thus, by setting a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100 between the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200 and the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300, the gaseous first refrigerant in the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200 and the liquid second refrigerant in the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300 can exchange heat through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100, which can be used to prepare an ultra-low temperature cold source or an ultra-high temperature heat source.

[0073] Because the gaseous first refrigerant in the low-temperature heat exchange circuit contains lubricating oil, to prevent a large amount of lubricating oil from entering the heat exchange tube bundle 3 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100 and affecting the heat exchange efficiency, an inlet nozzle 2 is provided in the first chamber 113 of the separation zone 11 of the shell 1, with the outlet end of the inlet nozzle 2 facing the inner wall of the first chamber 113. In this way, when the first refrigerant fluid mixed with lubricating oil is sprayed through the inlet nozzle 2 and collides with the inner wall of the first chamber 113, larger oil droplets in the gaseous first refrigerant are separated, and the initially separated oil is collected at the first oil outlet 112 for discharge.

[0074] During the process of the gaseous first refrigerant flowing from the first chamber 113 to the second chamber 114 through the guide notch 115, the cooling component 4 cools the fluid flowing through it. The gaseous first refrigerant is cooled down after passing through the cooling component 4, and a small amount of the gaseous first refrigerant is condensed into liquid. At the same time, the tiny oil droplets carried by the gas dissolve in the liquid first refrigerant and flow to the first oil outlet 112, thereby achieving secondary separation of the lubricating oil.

[0075] After secondary separation, the gaseous first refrigerant enters the heat exchange tube bundle 3 through the second chamber 114 and exchanges heat with the liquid second refrigerant in the heat exchange chamber 12. Since the inner wall of the heat exchange tube bundle 3 is not covered with lubricating oil or has very little lubricating oil, the first refrigerant can be liquefied quickly and release heat through the tube wall. The second refrigerant in the heat exchange chamber 12 can absorb heat quickly through the tube wall and vaporize, thereby achieving rapid heat exchange and transfer and having high heat exchange efficiency.

[0076] In this design, the cooling component 4 can also simultaneously cool the flowing gaseous first refrigerant to reduce its superheat. This allows the first refrigerant with lower superheat to liquefy more easily and release heat within the heat exchange tube bundle, thereby improving the heat exchange rate and efficiency between the first and second refrigerants. Simultaneously, by integrating primary and secondary lubricant separation functions, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100 eliminates the need for an oil separator in the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200. This achieves a highly efficient and compact design, ensuring both oil-gas separation and efficient heat exchange while simplifying the system piping required for an external oil separator, reducing weld points, lowering the risk of oil leakage, and minimizing the footprint.

[0077] For the specific structure of the oil-gas separation in the separation zone 11 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first chamber 113 includes an oil storage chamber 1131, a first separation chamber 1132 and a second separation chamber 1133 arranged sequentially along the first direction Z. The second separation chamber 1133 is connected to the second chamber 114 via a flow guide notch 115, and the cooling assembly 4 is located in the second separation chamber 1133.

[0078] Taking the first direction Z as the up and down direction as an example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the oil storage chamber 1131, the first separation chamber 1132, and the second separation chamber 1133 are distributed sequentially from bottom to top, and the guide notch 115 and the cooling assembly 4 are disposed in the upper second separation chamber 1133. The mixed oil and gas flowing into the second separation chamber 1133 are cooled and separated by the cooling assembly 4.

[0079] like Figure 5As shown, the outlet end of the intake nozzle 2 is located within the first separation chamber 1132, so that the outlet end of the intake nozzle 2 is positioned facing the inner wall of the first separation chamber 1132. Combined with... Figure 4 An oil guide hole 1134 is provided between the first separation chamber 1132 and the oil storage chamber 1131, and the oil storage chamber 1131 is provided with a first oil drain port 112. That is, the lubricating oil separated in the first chamber 113 eventually converges in the oil storage chamber 1131 along the first direction Z under the action of gravity, and is discharged through the first oil drain port 112.

[0080] For example, in such Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the housing 1 includes an oil storage baffle 141. Within the first chamber 113, the oil storage baffle 141 separates a first separation chamber 1132 and an oil storage chamber 1131, and the oil storage baffle 141 is provided with multiple oil guide holes 1134 for connecting the first separation chamber 1132 and the oil storage chamber 1131. Taking the first separation chamber 1132 located above the oil storage chamber 1131 as an example, the oil storage baffle 141 includes a horizontal baffle and two inclined baffles. The two inclined baffles are disposed on opposite sides of the horizontal baffle along a second direction Y, and the ends of the inclined baffles away from the horizontal baffle along the second direction Y are inclined downwards. Multiple oil guide holes 1134 are disposed on the two inclined baffles so that the separated lubricating oil, as it flows downwards along the inclined baffles, falls into the oil storage chamber 1131 through the oil guide holes 1134.

[0081] The second direction Y forms an angle with the first direction Z, which can be an acute angle, a right angle, or an obtuse angle. For example, if the first direction Z is up or down, the second direction Y can be forward or backward.

[0082] Based on this, taking the oil storage baffle 141 as the inner bottom wall of the first separation chamber 1132 as an example, when setting the air intake nozzle 2, the air outlet end of the air intake nozzle 2 can be set facing upwards, or the air outlet end of the air intake nozzle 2 can be set facing other inner walls besides the upper and lower inner walls, so that the fluid can achieve primary impact separation of oil and gas during the process of impact flow with the inner wall.

[0083] Based on this, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the housing 1 includes at least one filter plate 142, and the first separation chamber 1132 and the second separation chamber 1133 are connected by the filter plate 142. When the mixed oil and gas flows from the first separation chamber 1132 to the second separation chamber 1133, the oil droplets in the mixed oil and gas can be filtered by the filter plate 142 to achieve two-stage filtration and separation of lubricating oil.

[0084] For example, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the filter plate 142 includes a frame member 1421, a support rib 1422, and multiple filter screens 1423. The multiple filter screens 1423 are stacked along their thickness direction. The edges of the multiple filter screens 1423 are connected and fixed by the frame member 1421, and the support rib 1422 is connected between two opposite edges of the frame member 1421 to support and fix the middle part of the filter screens 1423. The filter screens 1423 can be metal meshes with a mesh count of 5-10 woven from metal or steel wires with a diameter of 0.1-0.15mm or 0.15mm-0.2mm. Multiple (e.g., 20-60 layers) of metal meshes are stacked along their thickness direction to form filter layers with thicknesses of 3-4mm, 4-6mm, 6-8mm, or 8-10mm. In this way, the mesh of the multiple filter screens 1423 is staggered so that the oil and gas are captured and gathered layer by layer by the metal wires of the filter screen 1423 as they flow through the filter screen plate 142. Finally, under the action of gravity, the multiple small oil droplets collected by the filter screen converge into a larger liquid and drip down into the oil storage chamber 1131, thereby realizing the secondary filtration and separation of oil and gas.

[0085] It should be noted that the filter screen plate 142 is positioned above the oil guide hole 1134 along the first direction Z. If the filter screen plate 142 is positioned above the inclined partition along the first direction Z and aligned with the inclined partition, the oil droplets filtered by the filter screen plate 142 can enter the oil storage chamber 1131 through the oil guide hole 1134.

[0086] For example, a notch can be made between the first separation chamber 1132 and the second separation chamber 1133 to allow a filter plate 142 to connect the first separation chamber 1132 and the second separation chamber 1133. Alternatively, two or more notches can be made between the first separation chamber 1132 and the second separation chamber 1133, and a filter plate 142 can be provided at one of the notches to allow for rapid filtration of the mixed oil and gas through a greater number of filter plates 142.

[0087] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the second separation chamber 1133 includes a cooling chamber 11331 and two guide chambers 11332 separated from each other. The two guide chambers 11332 are located on opposite sides of the cooling chamber 11331 along a second direction. A connecting hole 11333 is provided between the cooling chamber 11331 and the guide chambers 11332. For example, the guide hole 11333 can be a strip-shaped hole arranged along a first direction, or the guide holes 11333 can be spaced apart along the first direction Z and a third direction.

[0088] One of the flow guiding chambers 11332 is connected to the first separation chamber 1132 via at least one filter plate 142. This allows the mixed fluid after primary separation to flow more quickly through the two flow guiding chambers 11332 to the cooling chamber 11331 for cooling and separation, and also helps to increase the heat exchange contact area between the mixed fluid and the cooling component 4 in the cooling chamber 11331.

[0089] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the cooling chamber 11331 is connected to the second chamber 114 via the guide notch 115, and the cooling assembly 4 is located inside the cooling chamber 11331. Along the first direction Z, there is a height difference between the side wall of the cooling chamber 11331 facing the first separation chamber 1132 and the guide hole 11333, and the guide hole 11333 is located away from the oil storage chamber 1131 so that the bottom of the cooling chamber 11331 can store some liquid.

[0090] like Figure 6 As shown, the housing 1 includes an oil guide pipe 143, and the cooling chamber 11331 is connected to the oil storage chamber 1131 via the oil guide pipe 143. This allows the lubricating oil and other liquids stored at the bottom of the cooling chamber 11331 to flow into the oil storage chamber 1131 via the oil guide pipe 143, and the oil guide pipe 143, which is supported and connected to the top wall of the oil storage chamber 1131 and the bottom wall of the cooling chamber 11331, can improve the structural strength of the side walls of the cooling chamber 11331 and the guide chamber 11332.

[0091] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 A gaseous first refrigerant mixed with lubricating oil is sprayed through the intake nozzle 2 onto one side wall of the first separation chamber 1132. During the collision and impact between the fluid and the side wall, large oil droplets mixed in the fluid are impacted and splashed apart, thereby achieving primary separation of the lubricating oil. Subsequently, the mixed fluid after primary separation flows through at least two filter plates 142 into two guide chambers 11332 respectively. During the flow of the mixed fluid through the filter plates 142, smaller oil droplets can be adsorbed and separated by the mesh on the filter plates 142, and after converging, drip into the oil storage chamber 1131, thereby achieving secondary filtration and separation of the lubricating oil.

[0092] After secondary filtration and separation, the mixed fluid flows from the two guide chambers 11332 to the cooling chamber 11331. Inside the cooling chamber 11331, the cooling component 4 contacts the mixed fluid and cools it, thereby reducing the superheat of the gaseous first refrigerant and causing some of the first refrigerant to condense into liquid. The mixed micro-oil droplets dissolve in this liquid first refrigerant and flow together to the bottom of the cooling chamber 11331, thus achieving three-stage cooling and separation of the lubricating oil, capable of filtering out more than 99% of the lubricating oil. Finally, the gaseous first refrigerant flows through the guide notch 115 and the first chamber 113 into the heat exchange tube bundle 3, where it exchanges heat with the second refrigerant in the heat exchange tube bundle 3 and the heat exchange chamber 12, transferring the heat absorbed by the evaporator heat exchanger 220 of the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200 to the second refrigerant in the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300.

[0093] During the three-stage cooling separation process for lubrication, some of the first refrigerant is condensed into a liquid state. To solve this problem, such as... Figure 5 As shown, along the first direction Z, within the first separation chamber 1132, the outlet end of the air intake nozzle 2 is positioned towards the side wall of the cooling chamber 11331. That is, the air intake nozzle 2 is inserted into the first separation chamber 1132 from right to left along the third direction X, and the left end of the air intake nozzle 2 is bent upward and positioned towards the bottom wall of the cooling chamber 11331, so that the superheated mixed fluid flowing out of the air intake nozzle 2 can be sprayed and impacted towards the bottom wall of the cooling chamber 11331.

[0094] It should be noted that since the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor is in a superheated state, the process of cooling the superheated gaseous refrigerant to a saturated condensation state is a single-phase heat transfer, and its heat transfer efficiency is much lower than that of the condensation phase change process (conversion from saturated gaseous to liquid). Higher superheat leads to single-phase cooling with lower heat transfer efficiency occupying excessive heat transfer area and time, thus reducing the overall heat transfer performance of the condenser. However, lower superheat of the gaseous refrigerant is not always better. The gaseous refrigerant entering the condenser needs a certain degree of superheat, and the gas must be kept at a certain speed to scrape the condensate in the inlet section of the condenser tubes to reduce the thickness of the liquid film along the flow path, thereby improving the condensation heat transfer performance within the tubes.

[0095] For example, within heat exchanger tube bundle 3, as condensation proceeds, the amount of condensate within the tube bundle 3 gradually increases along the flow direction, and the liquid film within the tube bundle 3 gradually thickens. Especially in the later tube passes, the liquid film at the bottom of the tubes in heat exchanger tube bundle 3 is relatively thick. This thickened liquid film occupies the heat exchange area within the tubes, leading to increased axial flow resistance and radial heat transfer resistance, thus reducing the condensation heat exchange efficiency within the tubes. Therefore, for heat exchangers where condensation occurs within the tubes, it is necessary to separate the lubricating oil in advance, control the superheat to improve the heat exchange efficiency within the first tube pass, and promptly drain the condensate to achieve efficient heat exchange in the later tube passes, in order to achieve the optimal performance of the heat exchanger.

[0096] In this way, while achieving the primary impact separation of the lubricating oil, the high-temperature mixed fluid can also heat the bottom wall of the cooling chamber 11331, so that the liquid first refrigerant stored at the bottom of the cooling chamber 11331 can absorb heat and be vaporized. Since the lubricating oil has a high vaporization temperature, it will remain liquid and flow to the oil storage chamber 1131, thereby avoiding the loss of the first refrigerant in the three-stage cooling and filtration process, which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency of the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200.

[0097] Furthermore, by impact heating the bottom wall of the cooling chamber 11331, the first refrigerant can be prevented from being excessively cooled during its flow through the cooling assembly 4, so that the first refrigerant flowing into the heat exchange tube bundle 3 can be blown by gas to brush the liquid film on the inner tube wall, thereby reducing the adhesion thickness of the liquid film on the inner tube wall and improving the condensation heat transfer performance in the heat exchange tube bundle.

[0098] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, along the first direction Z, the sidewall between the first separation chamber 1132 and the guide chamber 11332 is located on the sidewall between the first separation chamber 1132 and the cooling chamber 11331 closer to the oil storage chamber 1131. That is, compared to the bottom walls of the two guide chambers 11332, the outer side of the bottom wall of the cooling chamber 11331 is higher, forming an upward-facing recess at the bottom of the cooling chamber 11331. Thus, when the mixture is sprayed from the intake nozzle 2 onto the outer side of the bottom wall of the cooling chamber 11331, the presence of the recess prevents the disordered diffusion of the fluid after impact, causing more oil droplets to reflect downwards towards the oil guide hole 1134 and flow into the oil storage chamber 1131.

[0099] In other words, at the two side walls of the flow guiding cavity 11332 and the cooling cavity 11331, the side walls are lower than the lowest point of the cooling cavity 11331, forming a recessed area for jet separation with the bottom wall of the cooling cavity 11331. That is, the lowest point of the flow guiding cavity 11332 can be set lower than the cooling cavity 11331. However, the position of the drainage hole 11333 provided on the side wall is set relatively high, so that the bottom of the cooling cavity 11331 has a certain depth space for heating the accumulated liquefied refrigerant and preventing it from flowing out.

[0100] Thus, by introducing a cold source through the cooling component 4, the superheat can be controlled and the oil and gas can be further distilled and separated, ensuring efficient oil and gas separation and allowing the superheat at the inlet of the heat exchange tube bundle 3 to be adjusted for efficient heat exchange.

[0101] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 10As shown, the cooling assembly 4 includes a first coil 41 and multiple heat exchange fins 42. The first coil 41 has two communicating ports, and the multiple heat exchange fins 42 are spaced apart and connected to the first coil 41 to increase the contact area between the first coil 41 and the fluid, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. The heat exchange fins 42 and the first coil 41 can be connected and fixed by tube expansion, brazing, or soldering processes to increase the contact area. The first coil 41 and the multiple heat exchange fins 42 are located within the first separation chamber 1132 (i.e., the cooling chamber 11331), and the two ports of the first coil 41 are located within the housing 1 (e.g., the housing 1). Figure 3 (As shown) The two ends of the first coil 41 are used to connect to the condensed liquid refrigerant, so that the liquid refrigerant can circulate in the first coil 41 and absorb heat to vaporize, thereby cooling the mixed fluid flowing through the first coil 41 and the heat exchange fins 42.

[0102] The liquid refrigerant connected to the first coil 41 can be either the first refrigerant or the second refrigerant, without limitation. The condensed first or second refrigerant is connected to one end of the first coil 41 via a throttle valve, and the other end of the first coil 41 is used to connect to the return gas end of the first compressor 210 or the second compressor 310.

[0103] It should be noted that when a cascade heat exchange system is applied to a heat pump device to generate a high-temperature heat source, the first coil 41 can be connected to a small amount of the first refrigerant after condensation in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100. This avoids the flow of high-temperature second refrigerant into the cooling assembly 4, which could lead to poor cooling and separation performance.

[0104] When a cascade heat exchange system is applied to a refrigeration device to prepare a low-temperature cold source, the first coil 41 can be connected to a small amount of the second refrigerant after condensation by the condenser heat exchanger 330. This avoids the first refrigerant flowing through the cooling assembly 4 from being over-cooled by the ultra-low temperature, and does not affect the heat exchange effect in the heat exchange chamber 12.

[0105] For example, in order to improve the cooling efficiency of the cooling component 4 per unit area, such as Figure 10 As shown, there are multiple first coils 41, and the cooling assembly 4 also includes two liquid collection pipes 43. The multiple first coils 41 are arranged in parallel, with one end of each first coil 41 connected to one of the liquid collection pipes 43 and the other end of each first coil 41 connected to the other liquid collection pipe 43. Through the diversion and collection of the liquid collection pipes 43 and the multiple first coils 41 arranged in parallel, the flow rate of the liquid refrigerant in the cooling assembly 4 is increased, which is beneficial to improving the cooling effect on the mixed fluid, thereby improving the cooling and separation effect on the lubricating oil.

[0106] In some embodiments, the housing 1 may include two regions: a separation zone 11 and a heat exchange chamber 12 (i.e., a heat exchange zone). Alternatively, as... Figure 2 As shown, the shell 1 may also include a separation zone 11, a heat exchange chamber 12 (i.e., a heat exchange zone) and a flow guiding zone 13, the internal space of which is used for fluid flow guiding between the two sets of heat exchange tube bundles 3.

[0107] For example, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the housing 1 includes a first tube sheet 151 and a second tube sheet 152, which are used for the insertion and positioning of the two ends of the heat exchange tube bundle 3. The first tube sheet 151 and the second tube sheet 152 are connected to the two ends of the tube shell of the heat exchange chamber 12 to seal the heat exchange chamber 12 and enclose the heat exchange tube bundle 3 inside the heat exchange chamber 12, so that the internal space of the heat exchange tube bundle 3 is isolated from the heat exchange chamber 12. The first tube sheet 151 is used to separate the heat exchange chamber 12 and the separation zone 11. The second tube sheet 152 is used to separate the heat exchange chamber 12 and the flow guiding zone 13.

[0108] Reference Figure 2 The housing 1 also includes a first partition 153. The first tube sheet 151 is provided with a tube shell on the side away from the heat exchange chamber 12. The end of the tube shell away from the first tube sheet 151 is connected to the first partition 153 to form the internal space of the separation zone 11, namely the first chamber 113 and the second chamber 114.

[0109] The air intake nozzle 2 passes through the first partition 153 and is fixedly connected, so that the air intake end of the air intake nozzle 2 is located outside the housing 1, and the air outlet end of the air intake nozzle 2 is located inside the first separation chamber 1132 and is set towards the upper side wall.

[0110] Correspondingly, the two ports of the cooling component 4 are also connected through the first partition 153 to facilitate the access of the condensed liquid refrigerant.

[0111] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the heat exchange tube bundle 3 includes a first tube bundle 31 and a second tube bundle 32. (Refer to...) Figure 4 and Figure 5 The second chamber 114 includes an air inlet chamber 1411 and a liquid outlet chamber 1412, which are separated from each other. One end of the first tube bundle 31 is connected to the flow guide notch 115 through the air inlet chamber 1411. The other end of the first tube bundle 31 is used to connect to one end of the second tube bundle 32, and the other end of the second tube bundle 32 is connected to the liquid outlet chamber 1412. The liquid outlet chamber 1412 is provided with a first liquid outlet 111.

[0112] By setting up a two-section heat exchange tube bundle 3, the length of the heat exchange tube bundle 3 in the heat exchange cavity 12 with a limited length is increased, so that the first refrigerant has a longer flow time in the heat exchange tube bundle 3, which facilitates the first refrigerant to fully exchange heat with the second refrigerant in the heat exchange cavity 12 through the side wall of the heat exchange tube bundle 3, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0113] Furthermore, using the above method, the air inlet and liquid outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle 3 can be located on one side of the heat exchange chamber 12 along its length, resulting in a simple structure. For example, as shown... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the housing 1 also includes a second partition 154, which is disposed inside the separation zone 11 to divide the separation zone 11 into a first chamber 113 and a second chamber 114. Along the third direction X, the second chamber 114 is located in the first chamber 113 near the heat exchange chamber 12 (e.g., ...). Figure 3 (as shown) one side.

[0114] The first direction Z, the second direction Y, and the third direction X are all at angles to each other, which can be acute, right, or obtuse. Taking the first direction Z as the up-down direction as an example, the second direction Y can be the front-back direction, and the third direction X can be the left-right direction, that is, the first chamber 113 is located to the right of the second chamber 114.

[0115] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the third direction X can also be regarded as the length direction or extension direction of the heat exchange tube bundle 3. The third direction X can also be the length direction of the heat exchange cavity 12.

[0116] Taking the first direction Z as the vertical direction as an example, the first tube sheet 151, the second tube sheet 152, and the first partition 153 are vertical partitions. The first tube sheet 151, the second tube sheet 152, and the first partition 153 can be set perpendicular to the third direction.

[0117] Continue to refer to Figure 5 The housing 1 also includes a second partition 154, which is a transverse partition, such as being perpendicular to the first direction. The second partition 154 is disposed within the second chamber 114 to divide the second chamber 114 into an air inlet chamber 1411 and a liquid outlet chamber 1412, which are isolated along the first direction Z. The air inlet chamber 1411 is used to connect the cooling chamber 11331 and the air inlet end of the heat exchange tube bundle 3, and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange tube bundle 3 is used to discharge the condensed first refrigerant through the liquid outlet chamber 1412.

[0118] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the casing 1 contains a separation zone 11, a heat exchange chamber 12, and a flow guiding zone 13 that are isolated from each other. The flow guiding zone 13 and the separation zone 11 are arranged on opposite sides of the heat exchange chamber 12 along a third direction X. Figure 2 and Figure 11 The housing 1 is also provided with a second liquid outlet 131 that communicates with the interior of the flow guide area 13. The end of the first tube bundle 31 away from the air inlet chamber 1411 and the end of the second tube bundle 32 away from the liquid outlet chamber 1412 are connected to the interior of the flow guide area 13.

[0119] The guide zone 13 connects the first tube bundle 31 and the second tube bundle 32 to the same end, allowing the first refrigerant, after partial liquefaction within the first tube bundle 31, to flow through the guide zone 13 into the second tube bundle 32 to exchange heat and liquefy with the second refrigerant in the heat exchange chamber 12. This eliminates the need for individual connection of the heat exchange tubes in the first and second tube bundles 31 and 32, facilitating the assembly and installation of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100.

[0120] Among them, the first tube bundle 31 is located along the first direction Z near the flow guide gap 115 of the second tube bundle 32 (e.g. Figure 4 As shown, the first tube bundle 31 is located above the second tube bundle 32 on one side. Correspondingly, the air inlet chamber 1411 is located above the liquid outlet chamber 1412 along the first direction Z.

[0121] In the diversion zone 13, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the housing 1 also includes a liquid-separating baffle 156 and two baffles 155. The liquid-separating baffle 156 is disposed within the flow guiding area 13 to divide the flow guiding area 13 into a flow passage chamber 132 and a liquid storage chamber 133. The liquid storage chamber 133 is located along the first direction Z in the second tube bundle 32 (e.g., Figure 3 As shown) 115 away from the guide gap (as shown) Figure 4 (As shown) A second liquid outlet 131 is provided on one side. Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the liquid separator 156 has flow holes 134 on opposite sides of the second outlet 131 along the second direction Y. The flow holes 134 connect the flow cavity 132 and the storage cavity 133. Two baffles 155 are connected to the side of the liquid separator 156 facing the storage cavity 133, and the two baffles 155 are located on opposite sides of the second outlet 131 along the second direction Y.

[0122] A liquid separator 156 is used to divide the flow guide zone 13 into a flow chamber 132 and a liquid storage chamber 133, from top to bottom. The ends of the first tube bundle 31 and the second tube bundle 32 furthest from the second chamber are both connected to the flow chamber 132, allowing the first refrigerant (gaseous) flowing out of the first tube bundle 31 to flow into the second tube bundle 32 through the flow chamber 132 for continued heat exchange. In the flow chamber 132, the gaseous first refrigerant can flow directly into the second tube bundle 32, while the condensed first refrigerant can flow into the lower liquid storage chamber 133 through the flow holes 134 on the liquid separator 156, thus preventing the liquid refrigerant entering the second tube bundle 32 from affecting the heat exchange effect. In the liquid storage chamber 133, the accumulated liquid first refrigerant can gradually submerge the second liquid outlet 131, preventing the gaseous first refrigerant from flowing directly out through the second liquid outlet 131.

[0123] Furthermore, by providing flow holes on opposite sides of the liquid separator 156 along the second direction Y, the gaseous or liquid first refrigerant is prevented from flowing directly through the flow holes to the second liquid outlet 131, thereby maintaining the stability of the liquid level at the second liquid outlet 131. Simultaneously, baffles 155 are also provided on opposite sides of the second liquid outlet 131 along the second direction Y of the liquid separator 156, further increasing the stability of the liquid level at the second liquid outlet 131.

[0124] In this way, by performing gas-liquid separation inside the flow guide zone and timely draining the condensate, the heat exchange efficiency inside the second tube bundle 32 is improved, the flow resistance inside the second tube bundle is reduced, and the overall performance of the heat exchanger is improved.

[0125] Along the length direction of the second tube bundle 32 (i.e., the third direction), the second tube bundle 32 and the second liquid outlet 131 are located on opposite sides of the liquid storage chamber 133, which facilitates the layout of the second liquid outlet 131.

[0126] Within the flow guiding zone 13, the liquid separator 156 can be horizontally arranged, which is simple in structure and easy to arrange. Alternatively, the liquid separator 156 can also be arranged at an angle so that the liquid first refrigerant in the flow cavity 132 can flow into the liquid storage cavity 133 more quickly along the inclined direction of the liquid separator 156.

[0127] Taking the first tube bundle 31 and the second tube bundle 32 located on the right side of the flow guiding region 13 along the third direction X as an example. Along the third direction, the liquid separator 156 is positioned away from the flow guiding notch 115 in the first direction Z, from the end closest to the second tube bundle 32 (i.e., the right end) to the end furthest from the second tube bundle (i.e., the left end). That is, the left end of the liquid separator 156 is inclined downwards compared to the right end, so that the liquid first refrigerant moves downwards along the inclined direction of the liquid separator 156 and away from the second tube bundle 32, thereby reducing or preventing the liquid first refrigerant from being sent into the second tube bundle 32.

[0128] It should be noted that since the liquid separator 156 does not have a flow hole 134 corresponding to the second liquid outlet 131, and baffles 155 are provided on both sides of the second liquid outlet 131 along the second direction Y, the downward flowing liquid first refrigerant is prevented from falling directly into the second liquid outlet 131, thereby maintaining the stability of the liquid level at the second liquid outlet 131.

[0129] For example, such as Figure 11 As shown, the minimum included angle α between the liquid separator 156 and the length direction (i.e., the third direction X) of the second tube bundle is 15°-30°. If the minimum included angle α is greater than 30°, it will occupy a large vertical space on the right side of the liquid storage chamber 133, thus affecting the installation position of the first tube bundle 31 and the second tube bundle 32. If the minimum included angle α is less than 15°, the tilt angle of the liquid separator 156 is small, which is not conducive to the collection and convergence of the liquid first refrigerant. Therefore, the minimum included angle α can be set to 15°, 20°, 25°, or 30°, etc., without limitation.

[0130] At heat exchange cavity 12, such as Figure 3 As shown, along the first direction Z, the first heat exchange port 121 can be located on the shell 1 near the flow guide notch 115 (e.g. Figure 4 On one side (i.e., the upper side) of the shell 1, the second heat exchange port 122 is located on the side (i.e., the lower side) of the shell 1 away from the flow guide notch 115.

[0131] Thus, a large amount of liquid second refrigerant accumulates at the bottom of the heat exchange chamber 12, and there is some redundant space above the heat exchange chamber 12. The second tube bundle 32 located below is completely submerged in liquid second refrigerant, so that the second refrigerant can fully exchange heat with the first refrigerant, and reduce or avoid the presence of incompletely vaporized first refrigerant in the second tube bundle 32.

[0132] Furthermore, the first heat exchange port 121 above the heat exchange chamber 12 facilitates the upward flow of the vaporized second refrigerant out of the heat exchange chamber 12 through the first heat exchange port 121.

[0133] Based on this, when the aforementioned shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100 is connected to the cascade heat exchange system, in the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200, the inlet end of the inlet nozzle 2 can be connected to the first exhaust port of the first compressor 210, and the first liquid outlet 111 and the second liquid outlet 131 can be connected to the first throttle 231. In the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300, the second throttle 341 is connected to the second heat exchange port 122, and the first heat exchange port 121 is connected to the second return port 314 of the second compressor 310.

[0134] In the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first oil drain port 112 is used to connect to the first oil return port 211 of the first compressor 210 to replenish the separated lubricating oil to the first compressor 210. The first compressor 210 also includes a first exhaust port 212, a first return port 213, and a first replenishment port 214. The first exhaust port 212 is connected to the intake end of the intake nozzle 2, and the first return port 213 is used to connect to the evaporator heat exchanger 220.

[0135] like Figure 1 As shown, the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200 also includes a flash reservoir 240 and a third throttle 232. Combined with... Figure 14 As shown, the flash reservoir 240 includes a first tank 241 and a second coil 242. The second coil 242 is disposed inside the first tank 241, and both ends of the second coil 242 are connected to a first return port 211 and a first drain port 112 (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (As shown). The first tank 241 is provided with a first liquid inlet 243, a first liquid outlet 244, and a first air outlet 245, which communicate with the internal space. The first air outlet 245 is connected to the first air supply port 214 of the first compressor 210. The first liquid outlet 244 is connected to the evaporator heat exchanger 220 via a first throttle 231. The first liquid inlet 243 is connected to the first liquid outlet 111 via a third throttle 232. Alternatively, the first liquid inlet 243 can be connected to the first liquid outlet 111 and the second liquid outlet 131 via the third throttle 232.

[0136] Thus, in the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200, the liquid first refrigerant discharged from the first liquid outlet 111 and the second liquid outlet 131 merges and passes through the dryer filter to remove impurities. It then passes through the third throttle 232 for a first-stage throttling (the high-temperature liquid first refrigerant is converted into a medium-temperature gas-liquid mixture). Subsequently, the gas-liquid mixture enters the first tank 241 through the first liquid inlet 243. Due to the limited internal space of the first tank 241 (i.e., the flash space), the gaseous first refrigerant generated by the flash is very likely to carry liquid droplets.

[0137] On the oil circuit side, the oil-gas mixture discharged from the first compressor 210 is separated into lubricating oil by the built-in oil separator of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100 and discharged through the first oil outlet 112. A dryer can be installed between the first oil outlet 112 and the second coil 242 to dry and remove impurities from the lubricating oil. Subsequently, the lubricating oil enters the second coil 242. Due to the high oil temperature, the gaseous first refrigerant flowing through the second coil 242 in the first tank 241 will evaporate the mixed droplets at high temperature, while the lubricating oil will be cooled by the lower-temperature gaseous first refrigerant and its entrained droplets. The cooled lubricating oil enters the return oil line through the other port of the second coil 242 and finally enters the first return oil port 211 of the first compressor 210 to complete the oil circuit circulation.

[0138] Inside the first tank 241, the gaseous first refrigerant mixed with droplets is heated and evaporated by the second coil 242. The gaseous first refrigerant then enters the first gas supply port 214 of the first compressor 210 through the first gas outlet 245 at the top. Meanwhile, the liquid first refrigerant that has flash-cooled flows through the first drain port 244 to the first throttling device 231. After passing through the second-stage throttling of the first throttling device 231 (the liquid first refrigerant is depressurized and cooled to the temperature required for evaporation, and after throttling, it is in a two-phase state of vapor and liquid), it enters the evaporator heat exchanger 220. In the evaporator heat exchanger 220, the first refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates into a low-temperature gaseous state (so that an ultra-low temperature cold source can be prepared at the evaporator heat exchanger or heat can be absorbed from the air) and enters the first return port 213 of the first-stage compressor to continue the cycle.

[0139] Thus, by setting up the flash liquid receiver 240, the gas replenishment circulation of the first compressor 210 in the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200 is satisfied, and the cooling capacity at the low-evaporation heat exchanger 220 is improved by pre-cooling the first refrigerant in the first tank 241. At the same time, the setting up of the second coil 242 can also solve the problem of liquid carryover during gas replenishment.

[0140] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the oil separator 320 includes a first air inlet 321, a second air outlet 322, and a second oil outlet 323. The first air inlet 321, the second air outlet 322, and the second oil outlet 323 are connected to an oil separator tank, so that the second refrigerant mixed with lubricating oil flows into the oil separator tank through the first air inlet 321 for gas-liquid separation. The separated gaseous second refrigerant flows into the connected condenser heat exchanger 330 through the second air outlet 322, and the separated lubricating oil flows to the cooler 350 through the second oil outlet 323.

[0141] Continue to refer to Figure 1 The high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300 also includes a fourth throttling device 342 and a cooler 350. For example... Figure 15 As shown, the cooler 350 includes a second tank 351 and a third coil 352. The second tank 351 has a first heat exchange chamber 3511 and a second heat exchange chamber 3512 that are isolated from each other. The second tank 351 has a first cooling port 3513 and a second cooling port 3514 that connect to the first heat exchange chamber 3511. The second tank 351 has a third cooling port 3515 and a fourth cooling port 3516 that connect to the second heat exchange chamber 3512.

[0142] Among them, such as Figure 1 and Figure 15As shown, the third coil 352 is disposed within the first heat exchange chamber 3511 and the second heat exchange chamber 3512. The second air supply port 311 of the second compressor 310 is connected to the condensing heat exchanger 330 via the third coil 352 and the fourth throttle 342. The second throttle 341 is connected to the condensing heat exchanger 330 via the second cooling port 3514, the first heat exchange chamber 3511, and the first cooling port 3513. The second oil drain port 323 is connected to the second oil return port 312 of the second compressor 310 via the third cooling port 3515, the second heat exchange chamber 3512, and the fourth cooling port 3516.

[0143] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second compressor 310 includes a second air inlet 311, a second oil return port 312, a second exhaust port 313, and a second air return port 314. The second exhaust port 313 is connected to the first air inlet 321 of the oil separator 320. The second air return port 314 is used to connect to the first heat exchanger 121 (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (As shown).

[0144] Thus, in the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300, the integrated cooler 350 is set up to realize the gas replenishment circulation and the cooling of the lubricating oil, which can further improve the high-temperature cooling (heating) capacity, while also cooling the lubricating oil and solving the problem of liquid carryover during gas replenishment.

[0145] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 16 As shown, the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300 also includes a regenerator 360. The regenerator 360 has a third heat exchange chamber 361 and a fourth heat exchange chamber 362 for heat exchange. One of the third heat exchange chamber 361 and the fourth heat exchange chamber 362 can be the internal space of a coil or tube bundle structure, without limitation. The third heat exchange chamber 361 and the fourth heat exchange chamber 362 are isolated from each other. The regenerator also has a first regenerator port 363, a second regenerator port 364, a third regenerator port 365, and a fourth regenerator port 366. The first heat exchange port 121 is connected to the second air return port 314 of the second compressor 310 via the first regenerator port 363, the third heat exchange chamber 361, and the second regenerator port 364 in sequence. The fourth cooling port 3516 is connected to the second oil return port 312 via the third regenerator port 365, the fourth heat exchange chamber 362, and the fourth regenerator port 366 in sequence.

[0146] Thus, by arranging a regenerator 360 on the suction side of the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300, the gaseous second refrigerant flowing to the second compressor 310 exchanges heat with the lubricating oil, thereby solving the problem of liquid carryover in the suction and simultaneously reducing the oil temperature. In this way, the lubricating oil is cooled sequentially by passing through the cooler 350 and the regenerator 360, which assists in cooling the second compressor 310 while lubricating it, and eliminates the need for an additional oil cooler, resulting in a simple and compact structure.

[0147] For example, in the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300, the second compressor 310 draws in gaseous second refrigerant through the second return port 314. After compression, the gaseous second refrigerant becomes a high-temperature, high-pressure oil-gas mixture, which is discharged through the second exhaust port 313 and flows into the first inlet port 321 of the oil separator 320. The oil separator 320 can separate lubricating oil from the oil-gas mixture and discharge it through the second oil outlet port 323 into the oil circuit circulation. The gaseous second refrigerant without lubricating oil is discharged through the second outlet port 322 of the oil separator 320 and enters the condensing heat exchanger 330, where it condenses and liquefies, releasing heat.

[0148] The condensed liquid second refrigerant flows into the condenser heat exchanger 330 and, after impurities are removed by the dryer filter, splits into two branches. One branch is throttled by the fourth throttle 342 (the high-temperature liquid second refrigerant is converted into a medium-temperature gas-liquid mixture) and enters the third coil 352 of the cooler 350. The high-temperature liquid second refrigerant from the other branch enters the first heat exchange chamber 3511 of the cooler 350 through the first cooling port 3513. The second refrigerant in the first heat exchange chamber 3511 is cooled down by the lower-temperature second refrigerant in the third coil 352, and finally discharged from the first heat exchange chamber 3511 through the second cooling port 3514. This cooled liquid second refrigerant is throttled by the first throttling device 231 and enters the heat exchange chamber 12 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100 through the second heat exchange port 122. It is heated and evaporated by the higher-temperature first refrigerant in the heat exchange tube bundle 3. The resulting gaseous second refrigerant is discharged through the first heat exchange port 121 at the top and enters the third heat exchange chamber 361 (such as the tube bundle or coil) through the first regenerator port 363. Since the gaseous second refrigerant produced by evaporation will also carry liquid droplets, in order to prevent the risk of liquid carryover, it needs to exchange heat with the higher-temperature lubricating oil (in the fourth heat exchange chamber 362) in the third heat exchange chamber 361 of the regenerator 360 to eliminate the liquid droplets carried in the gaseous second refrigerant. Finally, the second refrigerant, after being dehydrated by the regenerator 360, has a certain degree of superheat and flows into the second compressor 310 through the second return port 314 to complete the refrigerant cycle.

[0149] At cooler 350, the second refrigerant, after being throttled and cooled by the fourth throttling device 342, flows through the third coil 352. The second refrigerant in the third coil 352 first absorbs heat from the high-temperature liquid second refrigerant in the first heat exchange chamber 3511, causing the two-phase second refrigerant in the third coil 352 to evaporate (increasing dryness and gradually increasing gas content). Simultaneously, it cools the second refrigerant in the first heat exchange chamber 3511, improving the evaporation heat absorption effect in the heat exchange chamber 12. Subsequently, the second refrigerant in the third coil 352 exchanges heat with the high-temperature lubricating oil in the second heat exchange chamber 3512, causing the two-phase second refrigerant in the third coil 352 to completely evaporate, while the lubricating oil is cooled. The completely evaporated second refrigerant in the third coil 352 enters the second gas injection port 311 of the second compressor 310, completing the second refrigerant gas injection cycle.

[0150] For the oil circulation in the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300, the oil-gas mixture discharged from the second exhaust port 313 of the second compressor 310 is separated by the oil separator 320, and the lubricating oil is discharged through the second oil outlet 323. After impurities are removed by the dryer filter, the lubricating oil enters the second heat exchange chamber 3512 of the cooler 350 through the third cooling port 3515. In the second heat exchange chamber 3512, the higher-temperature lubricating oil is cooled by the lower-temperature gas-liquid two-phase second refrigerant in the third coil 352, and the second refrigerant is completely vaporized. After cooling, the lubricating oil is discharged from the fourth cooling port 3516 to the third regenerating port 365 of the regenerator 360. The lubricating oil that enters the fourth heat exchange chamber 362 through the third regenerating port 365 exchanges heat with the low-temperature gaseous second refrigerant in the third heat exchange chamber 361 to heat and remove the liquid droplets mixed in the gaseous second refrigerant (liquid second refrigerant), so that the lubricating oil is cooled a second time. Finally, it enters the second oil return port 312 of the second compressor 310 through the fourth regenerating port 366 to complete the oil circuit circulation without the need for an additional oil cooling device.

[0151] It should be noted that the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100 provided in this application embodiment can be used for heat exchange between two refrigerants between the low-temperature heat exchange circuit 200 and the high-temperature heat exchange circuit. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100 can also be used at the condenser-evaporator of the high-temperature heat exchange circuit 300, in which case the heat exchange chamber 12 is used to prepare an ultra-high temperature heat source.

[0152] Alternatively, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100 can also be used in a heat pump unit to heat the medium in the heat exchange chamber 12, without limitation.

[0153] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “” used herein may also indicate the inclusion of the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated, unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0154] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0155] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) has a separation zone (11) and a heat exchange chamber (12) that are isolated from each other. The housing (1) has a first liquid outlet (111), a first oil outlet (112), and a first heat exchange port (121) and a second heat exchange port (122) that connect to the heat exchange chamber (12). The separation zone (11) includes a first chamber (113) and a second chamber (114). A flow guide notch (115) is provided between the first chamber (113) and the second chamber (114). The flow guide notch (115) is provided on the side of the separation zone (11) along a first direction. The first chamber (113) has the first oil outlet (112). An air intake nozzle (2) is provided, with its air intake end located outside the housing (1) and its air outlet end located inside the first chamber (113) and facing the inner wall of the first chamber (113). A heat exchange tube bundle (3) is disposed in the heat exchange chamber (12). The interior of the heat exchange tube bundle (3) is isolated from the heat exchange chamber (12). One end of the heat exchange tube bundle (3) is connected to the second chamber (114), and the other end of the heat exchange tube bundle (3) is connected to the first liquid outlet (111). And a cooling assembly (4), which is located in the first chamber (113) and disposed near the flow guide notch (115) along the first direction, for cooling the refrigerant flowing from the first chamber (113) to the second chamber (114).

2. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first chamber (113) includes an oil storage chamber (1131), a first separation chamber (1132) and a second separation chamber (1133) arranged sequentially along a first direction. The second separation chamber (1133) is connected to the second chamber (114) through the flow guide notch (115). The cooling assembly (4) is located in the second separation chamber (1133). The housing (1) includes at least one filter plate (142), and the first separation chamber (1132) and the second separation chamber (1133) are connected through the at least one filter plate (142); The air outlet of the air intake nozzle (2) is located in the first separation chamber (1132). The first separation chamber (1132) and the oil storage chamber (1131) are connected by an oil guide hole (1134). The oil storage chamber (1131) is provided with the first oil outlet (112).

3. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second separation chamber (1133) includes a cooling chamber (11331) and two flow guide chambers (11332) separated from each other. The two flow guide chambers (11332) are located on opposite sides of the cooling chamber (11331) along a second direction, which forms an angle with the first direction. One of the flow guide chambers (11332) is connected to the first separation chamber (1132) through at least one filter plate (142). A flow-guiding hole (11333) is provided between the cooling chamber (11331) and the flow-guiding chamber (11332). The cooling chamber (11331) is connected to the second chamber (114) through the flow-guiding notch (115). The cooling assembly (4) is located in the cooling chamber (11331). Along the first direction, there is a height difference between the side wall of the cooling chamber (11331) facing the first separation chamber (1132) and the flow-guiding hole (11333), and the flow-guiding hole (11333) is located away from the oil storage chamber (1131). The housing (1) includes an oil guide pipe (143), and the cooling chamber (11331) is connected to the oil storage chamber (1131) via the oil guide pipe (143).

4. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the outlet end of the air intake nozzle (2) is disposed toward the side wall of the cooling chamber (11331); and / or, Along the first direction, the sidewall between the first separation chamber (1132) and the flow guiding chamber (11332) is located on the side of the sidewall between the first separation chamber (1132) and the cooling chamber (11331) that is close to the oil storage chamber (1131).

5. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling assembly (4) includes: The first coil (41) has two connected ports; And a plurality of heat exchange fins (42), wherein the plurality of heat exchange fins (42) are spaced apart and connected to the first coil (41); The first coil (41) and the plurality of heat exchange fins (42) are located in the first chamber (113), and the two ports of the first coil (41) are located outside the housing (1).

6. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The heat exchange tube bundle (3) includes: The first tube bundle (31) and the second chamber (114) include an air inlet chamber (1411) and a liquid outlet chamber (1412) that are separated from each other. One end of the first tube bundle (31) is connected to the flow guide notch (115) through the air inlet chamber (1411). And a second tube bundle (32), the other end of the first tube bundle (31) is used to connect one end of the second tube bundle (32), the other end of the second tube bundle (32) is connected to the liquid outlet chamber (1412), and the liquid outlet chamber (1412) is provided with the first liquid outlet (111).

7. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shell (1) is further provided with a flow guiding area (13), and the heat exchange cavity (12) and the separation area (11) are isolated from the flow guiding area (13); The housing (1) is provided with a second liquid outlet (131) that communicates with the interior of the flow guide area (13). The end of the first tube bundle (31) away from the air inlet chamber (1411) and the end of the second tube bundle (32) away from the liquid outlet chamber (1412) are connected to the interior of the flow guide area (13).

8. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that, The housing (1) further includes: A liquid separating baffle (156) is disposed within the flow guiding area (13) to divide the flow guiding area (13) into a flow passage cavity (132) and a liquid storage cavity (133). The liquid storage cavity (133) is located on the side of the second tube bundle (32) away from the flow guiding notch (115) along the first direction and is provided with a second liquid outlet (131). The liquid separating baffle (156) is provided with flow passage holes (134) on opposite sides of the second liquid outlet (131) along the second direction. The flow passage holes (134) connect the flow passage cavity (132) and the liquid storage cavity (133). And two baffles (155) connected to the side of the liquid separator (156) facing the liquid storage chamber (133), the two baffles (155) being located on opposite sides of the second liquid outlet (131) along the second direction.

9. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the flow guide notch (115) and the second tube bundle (32) are located on opposite sides of the first tube bundle (31); and / or, Along the length of the second tube bundle (32), the second tube bundle (32) and the second liquid outlet (131) are located on opposite sides of the liquid storage chamber (133); and / or, Along the length of the second tube bundle (32), the liquid-distributing baffle (156) is disposed away from the flow guide notch (115) in the first direction from one end near the second tube bundle (32) to one end away from the second tube bundle (32); and / or, The minimum included angle between the liquid separator (156) and the second tube bundle (32) along their length is 15°-30°.

10. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the first heat exchange port (121) is located on the side of the housing (1) near the flow guide notch (115), and the second heat exchange port (122) is located on the side of the housing (1) away from the flow guide notch (115).

11. A cascade heat exchange system, characterized in that, include: The shell-and-tube heat exchanger as described in any one of claims 1-10; The low-temperature heat exchange circuit (200) includes a first compressor (210), the air inlet end of the air inlet nozzle (2), the first liquid outlet (111), the first throttle (231), the evaporator heat exchanger (220), and the first compressor (210) connected in sequence. The first oil outlet (112) is used to connect to the first oil return port (211) of the first compressor (210). And a high-temperature heat exchange circuit (300), the high-temperature heat exchange circuit (300) including a second compressor (310), an oil separator (320), a condenser heat exchanger (330), a second throttle (341), a second heat exchange port (122), a first heat exchange port (121) and the second compressor (310) connected in sequence.

12. The cascade heat exchange system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The low-temperature heat exchange circuit (200) also includes: A flash liquid receiver (240) includes a first tank (241) and a second coil (242); the second coil (242) is disposed inside the first tank (241) and its two ends are connected to the first oil return port (211) and the first oil drain port (112); the first tank (241) is provided with a first liquid inlet (243), a first liquid drain port (244) and a first air outlet (245) communicating with the internal space, the first air outlet (245) is connected to the first air supply port (214) of the first compressor (210), and the first liquid drain port (244) is connected to the evaporator heat exchanger (220) via the first throttle (231); And a third throttle (232), the first inlet (243) is connected to the first outlet (111) via the third throttle (232).

13. The cascade heat exchange system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The oil separator (320) includes a first air inlet (321), a second air outlet (322), and a second oil outlet (323). The first air inlet (321) is connected to the second compressor (310), and the second air outlet (322) is connected to the condenser heat exchanger (330). The high-temperature heat exchange circuit (300) further includes: Fourth throttle (342); And a cooler (350), the cooler (350) including a second tank (351) and a third coil (352); the second tank (351) is provided with a first heat exchange chamber (3511) and a second heat exchange chamber (3512) that are isolated from each other, the second tank (351) is provided with a first cooling port (3513) and a second cooling port (3514) that are connected to the first heat exchange chamber (3511), and the second tank (351) is provided with a third cooling port (3515) and a fourth cooling port (3516) that are connected to the second heat exchange chamber (3512); The third coil (352) is disposed in the first heat exchange chamber (3511) and the second heat exchange chamber (3512), and the second air supply port (311) of the second compressor (310) is connected to the condensing heat exchanger (330) in sequence through the third coil (352) and the fourth throttle (342); The second throttle (341) is connected to the condenser heat exchanger (330) in sequence via the second cooling port (3514), the first heat exchange chamber (3511) and the first cooling port (3513); the second oil drain port (323) is connected to the second oil return port (312) of the second compressor (310) in sequence via the third cooling port (3515), the second heat exchange chamber (3512) and the fourth cooling port (3516).

14. The cascade heat exchange system according to claim 13, characterized in that, The high-temperature heat exchange circuit (300) also includes: The regenerator (360) has a third heat exchange chamber (361) and a fourth heat exchange chamber (362) for heat exchange inside, and the third heat exchange chamber (361) and the fourth heat exchange chamber (362) are isolated from each other; the regenerator (360) also has a first heat exchange port (363), a second heat exchange port (364), a third heat exchange port (365) and a fourth heat exchange port (366), the first heat exchange port (121) is connected to the second compressor (310) in sequence through the first heat exchange port (363), the third heat exchange chamber (361) and the second heat exchange port (364), and the fourth cooling port (3516) is connected to the second oil return port (312) in sequence through the third heat exchange port (365), the fourth heat exchange chamber (362) and the fourth heat exchange port (366).

15. A heat pump device, characterized in that, The system includes a cascade heat exchange system as described in any one of claims 11-14, wherein the condenser heat exchanger is used to generate a high-temperature heat source.

16. A refrigeration device, characterized in that, The system includes a cascade heat exchange system as described in any one of claims 11-14, wherein the evaporative heat exchanger is used to prepare a low-temperature cold source.

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