A multi-band antenna

Abstract

This utility model provides a multi-band antenna, comprising: an antenna substrate, on which a matching and debugging circuit and an SMA adapter mounting point are provided; an antenna radiator connected to the antenna substrate, the antenna radiator comprising an antenna body and a first antenna coupler formed by mutual coupling through wiring design; and an SMA adapter connected to the antenna substrate through the SMA adapter mounting point, achieving full-band coverage from 2G to 5G. Simultaneously, the standardized interface of the SMA adapter balances high-frequency performance and cost, making it suitable for different usage environments. Its high-gain characteristics stem from the optimized wiring of the antenna body and the coupler, which can suppress mutual interference between multiple frequency bands and improve radiation efficiency compared to traditional solutions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, specifically to a multi-band antenna. Background Technology

[0002] As mobile communication technology evolves from 2G to 5G, terminal antenna design faces a triple challenge: multi-band compatibility, high integration, and performance optimization. While traditional FPC / LDS antennas were mainstream in the 4G era, their high loss characteristics (2-4dB line loss) in the millimeter-wave band make them unsuitable for the transmission requirements of 5G Sub-6GHz and millimeter-wave bands. Existing solutions such as AoC (Antenna-on-Chip) are only applicable to the terahertz band due to their high cost, while AiP (Antenna-in-Package) technology, although reducing loss through chip-level integration, struggles to cover low-frequency bands such as 2G / 3G / 4G.

[0003] Current multi-band antenna designs generally suffer from the following defects:

[0004] 1. Insufficient frequency band coverage: Ultra-wideband antennas can support 2G to 5G frequency bands through slotting and chamfering designs, but their gain performance is limited by impedance mismatch caused by resonant mode merging.

[0005] 2. High integration complexity: The design of sub-6GHz and millimeter-wave antennas sharing the same aperture requires the introduction of additional filtering circuits, resulting in a bulky structure and high debugging difficulty;

[0006] 3. Connector performance bottleneck: Connectors are prone to high-order mode interference in frequency bands above 6GHz, which affects signal integrity.

[0007] The above background information is disclosed only to assist in understanding the utility model concept and technical solution of this utility model, and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application, nor does it necessarily provide technical teaching; in the absence of clear evidence to prove the novelty and inventiveness of the above application. Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the current technical challenges of insufficient frequency band coverage, high integration complexity, and connector performance bottlenecks in multi-band antenna designs, this invention proposes a multi-band antenna that achieves full-band coverage from 2G to 5G. It also utilizes the standardized interface of the SMA adapter to balance high-frequency performance and cost, making it suitable for various operating environments. Its high-gain characteristics stem from optimized wiring between the antenna body and the coupler, which suppresses mutual interference between multiple frequency bands and improves radiation efficiency compared to traditional solutions.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0010] On the one hand, this utility model provides a multi-band antenna, comprising:

[0011] An antenna substrate, wherein a matching and debugging circuit and an SMA adapter mounting point are provided on the antenna substrate;

[0012] An antenna radiator is connected to the antenna substrate, and the antenna radiator includes an antenna body and a first antenna coupler that are coupled to each other through a wiring design.

[0013] The SMA adapter is connected to the antenna substrate via an SMA adapter mounting point.

[0014] This invention proposes a multi-band antenna that achieves full-band coverage from 2G to 5G. At the same time, it uses the standardized interface of the SMA adapter to balance high-frequency performance and cost, making it suitable for different usage environments. Its high-gain characteristics are derived from the optimized routing of the antenna body and the coupler, which can suppress mutual interference between multiple frequency bands and improve radiation efficiency compared with traditional solutions.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the antenna radiator is connected to the antenna substrate via a solder pad, and the first antenna coupler and the antenna body form a coupling structure through directional wiring design.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the antenna substrate is provided with a reference ground, and the antenna substrate is provided with a grounding feed component and a signal feed component arranged along the width direction of the reference ground. The grounding feed component is connected to the first antenna coupler through a solder pad, and the signal feed component is connected to the antenna body through a solder pad.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the signal feeder extends a coupling body branch parallel to the width direction of the reference ground.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the antenna substrate is provided with a second antenna coupler, and the second antenna coupler has an "L"-shaped coupling structure that forms spatial coupling with the branches of the coupler.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, the matching and debugging circuit is located on a straight path between the signal feeder and the SMA adapter mounting point.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution, the asymmetric routing path formed by the antenna body trace along the edge of the antenna radiator includes: a first long side routing path, a first short side routing path, and a second long side routing path; the first long side routing path and the second long side routing path have different length designs.

[0021] The first antenna coupler has a trace structure with a cross-section that gradually changes along the width direction of the antenna radiator.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution, the length L1 of the first long side trace path and the length L2 of the second long side trace path satisfy L1 < L2.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution, in the width direction of the antenna radiator, the first long side trace path and the second long side trace path are provided with matching concave and convex trace structures, and the first convex trace structure of the first long side trace path is provided with a second convex trace structure facing the direction of the first short side trace path.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution, the male and female heads of the SMA adapter can be changed to connect to different machines.

[0025] The multi-band antenna provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1) The present invention provides a multi-band antenna that achieves full-band coverage from 2G to 5G. At the same time, it uses the standardized interface of the SMA adapter to balance high-frequency performance and cost, and is suitable for different usage environments. Its high gain characteristics are derived from the optimized routing of the antenna body and the coupler, which can suppress mutual interference between multiple frequency bands and improve radiation efficiency compared with traditional solutions.

[0027] 2) This utility model provides a multi-band antenna. The antenna body and coupler are connected via wiring to form a multi-branch resonant structure, with each branch corresponding to a different frequency band, achieving 2G to 5G wideband coverage and suppressing mutual interference. The matching and debugging circuit further optimizes the impedance matching of each frequency band by adjusting the LC parameters, reducing reflection loss and improving radiation efficiency compared to traditional solutions. The SMA adapter standardizes the high-frequency interface, eliminating millimeter-wave transmission loss. This allows the antenna to achieve full-band coverage from 2G to 5G and suppress mutual interference between multiple frequency bands, improving radiation efficiency compared to traditional solutions. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-band antenna provided by this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the front structure of an antenna substrate in a multi-band antenna provided by this utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the back structure of the antenna substrate in a multi-band antenna provided by this utility model.

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the front structure of the antenna radiator in a multi-band antenna provided by this utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the back structure of the antenna radiator in a multi-band antenna provided by this utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 A standing wave diagram of a multi-band antenna provided in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 7 A parameter table diagram of a multi-band antenna provided in Example 1;

[0035] Wherein, 1-antenna substrate; 2-antenna radiator; 3-matching and debugging circuit; 31-matching and debugging circuit C1; 32-matching and debugging circuit L1; 4-welding point to antenna radiator; 5-SMA adapter mounting point; 6-antenna body; 7-first antenna coupler; 8-reference ground; 9-grounding feeder; 10-signal feeder; 11-coupler branch; 12-second antenna coupler; 13-first long side trace path; 14-second long side trace path; 15-first short side trace path; 16-first raised trace structure; 17-second raised trace structure; 18-welding point to antenna substrate; 19-pad. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The preferred embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this utility model provides a multi-band antenna, comprising:

[0038] Antenna substrate 1, wherein a matching and debugging circuit 3 and an SMA adapter mounting point 5 are provided on the antenna substrate 1;

[0039] Antenna radiator 2, which is connected to the antenna substrate 1, includes an antenna body 6 and a first antenna coupler 7 that are coupled to each other through a wiring design;

[0040] An SMA adapter (not shown) is connected to the antenna substrate 1 via an SMA adapter mounting point 5.

[0041] This invention proposes a multi-band antenna that achieves full-band coverage from 2G to 5G. At the same time, it uses the standardized interface of the SMA adapter to balance high-frequency performance and cost, making it suitable for different usage environments. Its high-gain characteristics are derived from the optimized routing of the antenna body and the coupler, which can suppress mutual interference between multiple frequency bands and improve radiation efficiency compared with traditional solutions.

[0042] Matching and debugging circuit 3 dynamically optimizes impedance matching in each frequency band by adjusting LC parameters (inductance / capacitance values), significantly reducing signal reflection loss (which can be controlled within -30dB), solving the broadband impedance mismatch problem from 2G (low frequency) to 5G millimeter wave (high frequency), and improving radiation efficiency.

[0043] SMA adapter mounting point 5 provides a standardized interface to ensure precise alignment (tolerance ±0.005mm) between the SMA adapter (not shown) and the antenna substrate 1. It also serves as the electrical connection hub between the ground plane and the radiator, enabling a low-impedance return path, suppressing multi-band interference, and enhancing environmental stability.

[0044] Antenna radiator 2: Multi-band coordinated radiation core. The antenna body 6 serves as the main resonant structure. By extending the current path through wiring, it covers the low-frequency band (700MHz~2700MHz) signal radiation, improves the gain, and solves the pain points of low low-frequency efficiency and large size of traditional monopole antennas.

[0045] The first antenna coupler 7 forms an electromagnetic coupling with the antenna body 6. Through the wiring design, high-frequency resonance (3000MHz~5500MHz) is excited. Combined with the edge field effect to expand the bandwidth, it can achieve efficient coverage of the 5G NR band and suppress signal collapse at the frequency band boundary.

[0046] SMA adapter (not shown): High-frequency signal transmission bridge, full-band signal transmission, supports DC to 18GHz wideband coverage (some models up to 26.5GHz), adapts to lossless transmission of 2G to 5G full-band signals, and eliminates the high-frequency bottleneck of traditional IPEX connectors (attenuation increases dramatically at >6GHz).

[0047] Preferably, such as Figure 1 As shown, the antenna radiator 2 is connected to the antenna substrate 1 via pad 19. The first antenna coupler 7 and the antenna body 6 form a coupling structure through directional trace design. The directional trace, through geometric design, forms an electromagnetic field with a specific phase difference between the first antenna coupler 7 and the antenna body 6, exciting complementary resonance and covering the entire Sub-6GHz frequency band. The directional trace acts as a distributed matching network to adjust the coupling strength to balance high and low frequency impedances. Preferably, the antenna radiator 2 is connected to the antenna substrate 1 via pad 19, which provides high-precision positioning (tolerance ±0.05mm) to avoid performance drift caused by displacement at high frequencies.

[0048] Preferably, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, a reference ground 8 is provided on the antenna substrate 1, and a ground feed 9 and a signal feed 10 are arranged along the width direction of the reference ground 8 on the antenna substrate 1. The ground feed 9 is connected to the first antenna coupler 7 through a pad 19, and the signal feed 10 is connected to the antenna body 6 through a pad 19; thus forming a dual-path independent feed-common ground system, the core function of which is to optimize multi-band performance through physical isolation and electromagnetic coordination.

[0049] The grounding feeder 9 provides a dedicated grounding channel for the first antenna coupler 7, allowing the surface current in the high-frequency band (3000MHz~5500MHz) to be directly introduced into the reference ground 8 through the pad 19, forming a closed loop; reducing the high-frequency current bypass path, suppressing the grounding inductance effect, and reducing the impedance fluctuation at the high-frequency resonant point.

[0050] The signal feed component 10 is directly connected to the antenna body 6 via the pad 19, injecting energy into the main radiating patch to excite a low-frequency resonance of 700MHz to 2700MHz, avoiding power shunting in the traditional series feed structure and improving low-frequency gain.

[0051] Reference ground 8 serves as a continuous metal layer, blocking interference radiated from the circuit on the back of the antenna and absorbing high-frequency harmonics of the coupler, achieving a shielding effectiveness of over 35dB.

[0052] Preferably, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the signal feeder 10 extends a coupling body branch 11 parallel to the width direction of the reference ground 8; by utilizing the traveling wave characteristics of the parallel coupling body branch 11, high-frequency bandwidth expansion is achieved in a compact space, the radiation direction is focused to optimize multi-frequency collaborative coverage, impedance matching is adaptive to improve radiation efficiency, and the parallel layout avoids additional matching circuits and saves substrate area.

[0053] Preferably, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the antenna substrate 1 is provided with a second antenna coupler 12, which has an "L"-shaped coupling structure that forms a spatial coupling with the coupler branch 11. The core function of the spatial coupling structure formed by the "L"-shaped coupling structure of the second antenna coupler 12 and the coupler branch 11 is to achieve high-frequency bandwidth expansion, polarization isolation enhancement and pattern stability optimization through three-dimensional orthogonal electromagnetic field control.

[0054] Preferably, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the matching and debugging circuit 3 is located on the straight path between the signal feeder 10 and the SMA adapter mounting point 5. When the antenna body impedance (e.g., 70-90Ω in the high-frequency band) does not match the SMA adapter interface (50Ω), signal reflection will occur. The matching and debugging circuit 3 dynamically converts the antenna impedance to 50Ω through a Pi-type / T-type LC network, thereby reducing the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), reducing the reflected power by >90%, and improving the measured transmission efficiency by 15% to 25% (compared to no matching and debugging circuit).

[0055] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, the asymmetric routing path formed by the antenna body 6 along the edge of the antenna radiator 2 includes: a first long side routing path 13, a first short side routing path 15, and a second long side routing path 14; the first long side routing path 13 and the second long side routing path 14 have different length designs.

[0056] The wire routing of the first antenna coupler 7 is provided with a cross-sectional wire routing structure that gradually changes in the width direction of the antenna radiator 2; the differential length design realizes continuous coverage of three frequency bands, bandwidth improvement, and the current phase difference between the first long-side wire routing path 13 and the second long-side wire routing path 14 is °, forming a directional beam synthesis, and the gain of the main radiation direction is improved.

[0057] Preferably, as Figure 4 shown, the length L1 of the first long-side wire routing path 13 and the length L2 of the second long-side wire routing path 14 satisfy L1 < L2; in high-speed circuit design, the core function of the length L1 of the first long-side wire routing path 13 being less than the length L2 of the second long-side wire routing path 14 (i.e., L1 < L2) is to optimize signal timing synchronization and suppress electromagnetic interference (EMI).

[0058] Preferably, as Figure 4 shown, in the width direction of the antenna radiator 2, the first long-side wire routing path 13 and the second long-side wire routing path 14 are provided with mutually matching concave and convex wire routing structures, and a second convex wire routing structure 17 is provided on the first convex wire routing structure 16 of the first long-side wire routing path 13 in the direction of the first short-side wire routing path 15;

[0059] The convex wire routing structure of the first long-side wire routing path 13 and the concave structure of the second long-side wire routing path 14 form a spatial coupling;

[0060] The second convex wire routing structure 17 and the first short-side wire routing path 15 form a current guiding channel;

[0061] The concave and convex structures are used to increase the antenna length of a specific frequency band; the convex wire routing structure of the first long-side wire routing path 13 and the concave structure of the second long-side wire routing path 14 form a complementary coupling, forcing the high-frequency current to flow along a preset path and avoiding the disorderly diffusion of the current at the edge of the radiator. This design extends the effective current path and enhances the radiation efficiency in the high-frequency band;

[0062] The second convex wire routing structure 17 extends towards the first short-side wire routing path 15 to form a low-impedance channel, guiding part of the long-side current to the short-side direction, balancing the current density in different regions of the radiator, and reducing the radiation blind area caused by uneven current distribution.

[0063] Preferably, as Figure 1As shown, by changing the male and female connectors of the SMA adapter, the multi-band antenna can be used in different environments to connect to different machines; different devices have different male and female connectors for their RF ports. By changing the male and female connectors of the SMA adapter, it can seamlessly adapt to various device interfaces, eliminate physical connection barriers, and is suitable for scenarios such as vehicle-mounted mobile communication and field monitoring that require frequent device replacement. It can quickly switch the connection object without replacing the antenna itself, reducing deployment costs.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] like Figures 1-5 As shown, Embodiment 1 provides a multi-band antenna, including:

[0066] Antenna substrate 1, wherein a matching and debugging circuit 3 and an SMA adapter mounting point 5 are provided on the antenna substrate 1, a reference ground 8 is provided on the antenna substrate 1, and a ground feed 9 and a signal feed 10 are arranged along the width direction of the reference ground 8. The ground feed 9 is connected to a first antenna coupler 7 through a pad 19, and the signal feed 10 is connected to the antenna body 6 through a pad 19. The signal feed 10 extends into a coupler branch 11 parallel to the width direction of the reference ground 8. A second antenna coupler 12 is provided on the antenna substrate 1, and the second antenna coupler 12 has an "L"-shaped coupling structure that forms spatial coupling with the coupler branch 11. The matching and debugging circuit 3 is disposed on a straight path between the signal feed 10 and the SMA adapter mounting point 5.

[0067] Antenna radiator 2 is connected to antenna substrate 1. Antenna radiator 2 includes an antenna body 6 and a first antenna coupler 7, which are coupled together by a wiring design. Antenna radiator 2 is connected to antenna substrate 1 via pads 19. The first antenna coupler 7 and antenna body 6 are coupled by directional wiring design. The wiring of antenna body 6 forms an asymmetrical wiring path along the edge of antenna radiator 2, including a first long side wiring path 13, a first short side wiring path 15, and a second long side wiring path 14. The first long side wiring path 13 and the second long side wiring path 14 have different lengths. The wiring of the first antenna coupler 7 is arranged along the antenna radiator... The antenna radiator 2 has a cross-sectional trace structure that gradually changes in width; the length L1 of the first long side trace path 13 and the length L2 of the second long side trace path 14 satisfy L1 < L2; in the width direction of the antenna radiator 2, the first long side trace path 13 and the second long side trace path 14 are provided with matching concave and convex trace structures, and the first convex trace structure 16 of the first long side trace path 13 is provided with a second convex trace structure 17 facing the first short side trace path 15; the convex trace structure of the first long side trace path 13 and the concave structure of the second long side trace path 14 form a spatial coupling; the second convex trace structure 17 and the first short side trace path 15 form a current guiding channel;

[0068] An SMA adapter (not shown) is connected to the antenna substrate 1 via SMA adapter mounting point 5. By changing the male or female connector of the SMA adapter, the multi-band antenna can be used in different environments to connect to different machines. The supported frequency bands and antenna efficiency of the multi-band antenna provided in Embodiment 1 are shown in Table 1 below:

[0069] Table 1. Supported frequency bands and antenna efficiency of multi-band antennas

[0070]

[0071] The matching debugging circuit includes: matching debugging circuit C1 and matching debugging circuit L1, the parameters of matching debugging circuit C1 and matching debugging circuit L1 are shown in Table 2 below:

[0072] Table 2 Parameters of Matching Debugging Circuit C1 and Matching Debugging Circuit L1

[0073] Circuit symbol size describe Matching and debugging circuit L1 0402 10nH Matching and debugging circuit C1 0402 4.7pF

[0074] From Table 1, we can observe that the 0402 package achieves high-frequency stability of the antenna (>3GHz), suppresses pad impedance abrupt changes, reduces parasitic effects, matches the L110nH inductor value of the debugging circuit to achieve antenna Sub-6GHz band adaptation, ensures 5G high-frequency resonance efficiency, and matches the C14.7pF capacitor value of the debugging circuit to achieve low-loss impedance of the antenna, balancing ESR (internal equivalent resistance of capacitor) loss and bandwidth continuity.

[0075] From Table 1 and Figures 6-7 As shown, we can observe that the VSWR of the multi-band antenna is ≤4.0, the efficiency is ≥42.7%, and it supports frequency bands of 698~960MHz, 1700~2700MHz, 3300~3800MHz and 3800~5000MHz. Therefore, the multi-band antenna provided in Example 1 achieves full-band coverage from 2G to 5G, can suppress mutual interference between multiple frequency bands, and improves radiation efficiency compared with traditional antennas.

[0076] It is understood that this utility model has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Furthermore, under the teachings of this utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are protected by this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-band antenna, characterized by, include: An antenna substrate, wherein a matching and debugging circuit and an SMA adapter mounting point are provided on the antenna substrate; An antenna radiator is connected to the antenna substrate, and the antenna radiator includes an antenna body and a first antenna coupler that are coupled to each other through a wiring design. The SMA adapter is connected to the antenna substrate via an SMA adapter mounting point.

2. The multi-band antenna of claim 1, wherein, The antenna radiator is connected to the antenna substrate via a solder pad, and the first antenna coupler and the antenna body are coupled together by directional traces.

3. The multi-band antenna of claim 1, wherein, The antenna substrate has a reference ground, and the antenna substrate has a ground feed component and a signal feed component arranged along the width direction of the reference ground. The ground feed component is connected to the first antenna coupler through a solder pad, and the signal feed component is connected to the antenna body through a solder pad.

4. The multi-band antenna of claim 3, wherein, The signal feeder extends a coupling body branch parallel to the width direction of the reference ground.

5. The multi-band antenna of claim 4, wherein, The antenna substrate is provided with a second antenna coupler, and the second antenna coupler has an "L"-shaped coupling structure that forms spatial coupling with the branches of the coupler.

6. The multi-band antenna of claim 3, wherein, The matching and debugging circuit is located on a straight path between the signal feeder and the SMA adapter mounting point.

7. The multi-band antenna of claim 1, wherein, The asymmetric routing path formed along the edge of the antenna radiator by the antenna body includes: a first long side routing path, a first short side routing path, and a second long side routing path; the first long side routing path and the second long side routing path have different length designs. The first antenna coupler has a trace structure with a cross-section that gradually changes along the width direction of the antenna radiator.

8. The multi-band antenna of claim 7, wherein, The length of the first long side trace path L1 and the length of the second long side trace path L2 satisfy L1 < L2.

9. The multi-band antenna of claim 7, wherein, In the width direction of the antenna radiator, the first long side trace path and the second long side trace path are provided with matching concave and convex trace structures, and the first convex trace structure of the first long side trace path is provided with a second convex trace structure facing the direction of the first short side trace path.

10. The multi-band antenna of claim 1, wherein, Connect to different machines by changing the male and female connectors of the SMA adapter.

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