A circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna
By cutting a 45° bevel in a circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna and using a mechanical structure to achieve circular polarization conversion, the problems of wide bandwidth and low axial ratio in the prior art are solved, and a high-power, low-loss and compact circular polarization effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUHAN BONUO ELECTRONIC TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing circularly polarized antennas cannot simultaneously achieve wide bandwidth and low axial ratio, and some designs require external polarization converters, increasing size and insertion loss.
A circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna is adopted. Circular polarization is achieved by cutting a 45° bevel inside the waveguide section and the horn opening, and the mechanical structure is used to reduce insertion loss. The stepped structure and 45° bevel design directly convert linear polarization to circular polarization.
It achieves circular polarization with simple structure, high power, low axial ratio and wide bandwidth, avoiding the use of external polarizers and reducing insertion loss and size.
Smart Images
Figure CN224458606U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to an antenna, and more particularly to a circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna. Background Technology
[0002] An antenna is a transducer that transforms guided waves propagating on a transmission line into electromagnetic waves propagating in an unbounded medium, or vice versa. A circularly polarized antenna is an antenna capable of radiating or receiving circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, whose electric field vector rotates helically in the direction of propagation.
[0003] With the continuous improvement of technology and the rapid development of the communications industry, the requirements for circularly polarized antennas are becoming increasingly stringent. Current circularly polarized antennas typically generate circularly polarized waves through polarizers (dielectric sheets, metal fins) or dual-fed + 90° phase shifters. This design makes it difficult to simultaneously achieve wide bandwidth and low axial ratio, and some designs require external polarization converters (such as 90° phase shifters), increasing size and insertion loss. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna, which has the advantages of simple structure, high power, low axial ratio and wide bandwidth.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:
[0006] This application provides a circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna, including an antenna cavity, an antenna side cover plate, a mounting base at the lower end of the antenna cavity for facilitating antenna installation, and a connector mounted on the antenna cavity via a connector mounting flange.
[0007] The antenna cavity includes a waveguide section and a body section, and a stepped structure is formed between the waveguide section and the body section.
[0008] The waveguide section has a horn opening, and a 45° bevel is cut out inside the horn opening.
[0009] The shape of the antenna cavity matches that of the antenna side cover plate, and after the antenna side cover plate is placed on the antenna cavity, a complete antenna assembly is formed.
[0010] The antenna side cover plate is provided with a connecting post for fastening to the antenna cavity, and the antenna cavity is provided with a connecting hole that matches the connecting post.
[0011] The antenna side cover is also provided with a slot, and the antenna cavity is also provided with a card block that matches the slot.
[0012] The waveguide section is also provided with a groove, and the end of the antenna side cover plate is inserted into the groove to form a complete antenna waveguide.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0014] The antenna array of this utility model does not have an external polarizer. Circular polarization is achieved directly through a mechanical structure, reducing insertion loss, simplifying processing, and increasing antenna compactness. A 45° bevel is cut on the horn aperture surface, naturally decomposing the electric field and delaying the phase. The metal waveguide structure is suitable for high-power applications. Compared to microstrip patches, the axial ratio bandwidth of the beveled horn can reach 10%-20%.
[0015] The 45° angled rectangular horn antenna originates from waveguide mode modulation and structural phase delay, and its core lies in achieving efficient circular polarization conversion through geometric deformation. Compared to traditional methods, it offers advantages such as simple structure, high power, low axial ratio, and wide bandwidth. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application;
[0018] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.
[0020] The terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the purpose of this application is to provide a circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna, including an antenna cavity 1, an antenna side cover plate 2 provided on the antenna cavity 1, a mounting base 3 for facilitating antenna installation at the lower end of the antenna cavity 1, and a connector 5 installed on the antenna cavity 1 via a connector mounting flange 4.
[0022] The antenna cavity 1 includes a waveguide section 6 and a body section, and a stepped structure 7 is formed between the waveguide section 6 and the body section.
[0023] The waveguide section 6 has a horn opening, and a 45° bevel is cut out inside the horn opening.
[0024] The shape of the antenna cavity 1 matches that of the antenna side cover plate 2, and a complete antenna assembly is formed after the antenna side cover plate 2 is placed on the antenna cavity 1.
[0025] The antenna side cover plate 2 is provided with a connecting post 8 for fastening to the antenna cavity 1, and the antenna cavity 1 is provided with a connecting hole matching the connecting post.
[0026] The antenna side cover plate 2 is also provided with a slot 9, and the antenna cavity 1 is also provided with a card block 10 that matches the slot 9.
[0027] The waveguide section is also provided with a groove, and the end of the antenna side cover plate is inserted into the groove to form a complete antenna waveguide.
[0028] The antenna cavity is machined from a single piece of 6061 aluminum alloy and uses an SMA-K connector; the flange is machined as a single piece with the antenna cavity to ensure the strength requirements of the antenna cavity.
[0029] In practical use, the antenna array is fixed to the device in use, and the power generating device is input to the antenna through the radio frequency connector. Circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation can be formed on the antenna radiating surface through coaxial waveguide conversion.
[0030] This application employs a stepped or sloping design for the circularly polarized horn antenna, which mainly achieves the conversion from linear polarization to circular polarization by decomposing the electric field and introducing a 90° phase difference through the asymmetrical geometric structure within the waveguide.
[0031] The radiating aperture or waveguide of the horn is cut into a 45° bevel to directly excite the orthogonal TE11 and TM11 modes, which naturally form circular polarization through geometric phase difference.
[0032] After simulation and optimization, the final design adopts a sloping waveguide and a 45° sloping antenna aperture surface, optimizing the transition structure between the sloping surface and the horn aperture surface to reduce high-order mode interference.
[0033] In terms of structural design, the waveguide and horn face are designed as a single unit, and circular polarization is achieved directly through mechanical structure to reduce loss.
[0034] This solves the problem of achieving a low axial ratio and wide bandwidth for circularly polarized horn antennas while avoiding external polarizers, reducing insertion loss and size.
[0035] The antenna array of this utility model does not have an external polarizer. Circular polarization is achieved directly through a mechanical structure, reducing insertion loss, simplifying processing, and increasing antenna compactness. A 45° bevel is cut on the horn aperture surface, naturally decomposing the electric field and delaying the phase. The metal waveguide structure is suitable for high-power applications. Compared to microstrip patches, the axial ratio bandwidth of the beveled horn can reach 10%-20%.
[0036] The 45° angled rectangular horn antenna originates from waveguide mode modulation and structural phase delay, and its core lies in achieving efficient circular polarization conversion through geometric deformation. Compared to traditional methods, it offers advantages such as simple structure, high power, low axial ratio, and wide bandwidth.
[0037] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna, characterized by, The antenna cavity includes an antenna side cover plate, and a mounting base at the lower end of the antenna cavity is provided to facilitate antenna installation. A connector is also installed on the antenna cavity via a connector mounting flange.
2. A circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The antenna cavity includes a waveguide section and a body section, and a stepped structure is formed between the waveguide section and the body section.
3. A circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna according to claim 2, wherein, The waveguide section has a horn opening, and a 45° bevel is cut out inside the horn opening.
4. A circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna according to claim 2, wherein The shape of the antenna cavity matches that of the antenna side cover plate, and after the antenna side cover plate is placed on the antenna cavity, a complete antenna assembly is formed.
5. A circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The antenna side cover plate is provided with a connecting post for fastening to the antenna cavity, and the antenna cavity is provided with a connecting hole that matches the connecting post.
6. A circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna according to claim 2, wherein The antenna side cover is also provided with a slot, and the antenna cavity is also provided with a card block that matches the slot.
7. A circularly polarized rectangular horn antenna according to claim 2, wherein The waveguide section is also provided with a groove, and the end of the antenna side cover plate is inserted into the groove to form a complete antenna waveguide.