Comb cylinder for stripping the stem of the wheat ear

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wheat ear head stripping stalk combing roller, including left and right setting's roller axle, a plurality of polygonal mounting plates are arranged on the roller axle along the axial direction interval, the side of the side line of a plurality of polygonal mounting plates is provided with the roller board along the left and right direction, the inner surface of roller board is close to the side of the side line in the same plane of a plurality of polygonal mounting plates, and the both long sides of roller board are provided with the clamping plate, and the clamping plate between adjacent roller board is tightly provided with the combing plate, and a plurality of combing teeth are arranged on the combing plate along the left and right direction interval. The utility model through combing tooth will be combing down from the ear head of wheat stalk and send to the screw conveyor and transport, greatly reduce the broken number of wheat plant and improve the efficiency of the plot breeding wheat combine harvesting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically, it relates to a combing roller for separating the stems from wheat ears. Background Technology

[0002] Wheat plot harvesting is a crucial step in wheat breeding. The use of wheat plot harvesters can improve harvesting efficiency and reduce labor intensity. Field trials are an important part and key stage of breeding work, and plot harvesting is a vital step in obtaining seeds with target traits, and also the final stage of breeding trials. Due to the special agronomical requirements of small plots, numerous fields, and diverse varieties in field trials, plot harvesting machinery must not only possess basic harvesting functions but also meet the specific requirements of preventing seed stagnation, seed mixing, and easy cleaning. Large-scale agricultural machinery cannot meet the requirements of field trial operations; therefore, field trial machinery has developed into a special and independent mechanized technology system. For a long time, existing wheat plot harvesting methods have primarily relied on segmented harvesting, including manual harvesting, threshing with threshers, and cleaning with cleaners. This segmented harvesting method easily leads to seed mixing, resulting in distorted experimental data.

[0003] Furthermore, Chinese utility model patent CN204810993U discloses a combine harvester for plot-grown wheat. Specifically, it includes a frame, on which a power unit and a double-layered cutter head are mounted. A reel is positioned above the head, and a feeding auger is located behind the reel. A threshing drum is located behind the feeding auger. The upper end of a cyclone separator / cleaning cylinder is connected to a suction fan mounted on the frame via a suction pipe. Wheels and guide wheels are located below the frame. The power unit drives the threshing drum, feeding auger, reel, and wheels via power transmission. A hopper and lifting pipe are also mounted on the frame corresponding to the threshing drum. This machine can achieve combined cutting, feeding, threshing, and cleaning operations, improving harvesting efficiency, reducing labor intensity, minimizing indirect losses during operation, improving the reliability of breeding test data, and meeting the requirements for mechanized harvesting of plot-grown wheat. However, the combing rollers of this type of wheat combine harvester cannot meet the wheat harvesting requirements and are prone to breaking wheat plants. Therefore, based on the above technical problems, there is a need for a combing roller for separating wheat ears from stems that is simple in structure, easy to operate, and can reduce the amount of wheat plant breakage. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combing roller for peeling wheat ears and stems that is simple in structure, easy to operate, and can reduce the amount of wheat plant breakage.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A combing roller for separating the stalks from wheat ears includes a left and right roller shaft. Several polygonal mounting plates are spaced apart along the axial direction on the roller shaft. Roller plates are arranged along the left and right directions on the side edges of the polygonal mounting plates. The inner surface of the roller plates is in close contact with the side edges of the polygonal mounting plates in the same plane. Clamping plates are provided on both long sides of the roller plates. Combing plates are clamped between the clamping plates of adjacent roller plates. Several combing teeth are spaced apart along the left and right directions on the combing plates.

[0007] The comb teeth and the comb plate are integrally formed. The comb teeth include a first beveled portion, a second beveled portion, a third beveled portion, a fourth beveled portion, a first inner arc portion, and a second inner arc portion. The outer ends of the first beveled portion and the second beveled portion intersect to form a sharp portion. The third beveled portion and the fourth beveled portion are located at the inner ends of the first beveled portion and the second beveled portion. A first beveled portion is formed between the third beveled portion and the first beveled portion. A second beveled portion is formed between the fourth beveled portion and the second beveled portion. The outer end of the first inner arc portion is connected to the inner end of the third beveled portion. The outer end of the second inner arc portion is connected to the inner end of the fourth beveled portion. An arc-shaped gathering portion with an outer opening is formed between the first inner arc portion and the second inner arc portion of adjacent comb teeth. An inverted triangular combing portion is formed between the first beveled portion and the second beveled portion of adjacent comb teeth.

[0008] The diameter of the arc-shaped converging part is larger than the diameter of the wheat stalk.

[0009] The polygonal mounting plate can be an octagonal, decagonal, or dodecagonal mounting plate.

[0010] The combing roller of this application includes a left and right roller shaft, on which a plurality of polygonal mounting plates are spaced apart along the axial direction. Roller plates are mounted on the sides of the polygonal mounting plates along the left and right directions. The inner surface of the roller plates is in close contact with the sides of the polygonal mounting plates in the same plane. Clamping plates are provided on both long sides of the roller plates. A combing plate is clamped between the clamping plates of adjacent roller plates. A plurality of combing teeth are spaced apart along the left and right directions on the combing plate. The combing teeth comb the ears of wheat off the stalks and convey them into a screw conveyor for transport, greatly reducing the number of broken wheat plants and improving the efficiency of combined harvesting of wheat from small plots. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural diagram of the present invention applied to a harvester.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention applied to a harvester from a second perspective.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the comb teeth structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral conveyor roller of the present invention applied to a harvester.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveyor bridge of the present invention applied to a harvester.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the conveyor bridge of the harvester that is a product of this invention.

[0019] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the threshing system and separation system of the present invention applied to a harvester.

[0020] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control panel and driver's seat of the present invention applied to a harvester.

[0021] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of this utility model applied to a harvester. Detailed Implementation

[0022] like Figure 1-11 As shown, a combing roller for stripping stalks from wheat ears includes a left and right roller shaft 16. Several polygonal mounting plates 17 are spaced apart along the axial direction on the roller shaft 16. Roller plates 18 are arranged along the left and right directions on the side edges of the polygonal mounting plates 17. The roller plates 18 are arranged around the circumference of the roller shaft 16. The cross-sectional shape of the polygonal mounting plates 17 is octagonal, decagonal, or dodecagonal. The inner surface of the roller plates 18 is in close contact with the side edges of the polygonal mounting plates 17 in the same plane. Clamping plates 19 are provided on both long sides of the roller plates 18. Combing plates 20 are clamped between the clamping plates 19 of adjacent roller plates 18. Several combing teeth 21 are spaced apart along the left and right directions on the combing plates 20.

[0023] The combing teeth 21 are integrally formed with the combing plate 20. The combing teeth 21 include a first beveled edge 22, a second beveled edge 23, a third beveled edge 24, a fourth beveled edge 25, a first inner arc portion 26, and a second inner arc portion 27. The outer ends of the first beveled edge 22 and the second beveled edge 23 intersect to form a sharp point 28. The sharp point 28 can separate wheat plants like a comb, playing a preliminary combing role. The third beveled edge 24 and the fourth beveled edge 25 are located at the inner ends of the first beveled edge 22 and the second beveled edge 23. A first beveled angle portion 29 is formed between the third beveled edge 24 and the first beveled edge 22. The fourth beveled edge 25 intersects with the second beveled edge 26. A second oblique angle portion 30 is formed between the three sides. The outer end of the first inner arc portion 26 is connected to the inner end of the third oblique side portion 24. The outer end of the second inner arc portion 27 is connected to the inner end of the fourth oblique side portion 25. An arc-shaped gathering portion 31 with an outer opening is formed between the first inner arc portion 26 and the second inner arc portion 27 of the adjacent combing teeth 21. An inverted triangular combing portion 32 is formed between the first oblique angle portion 29 and the second oblique angle portion 30 of the adjacent combing teeth 21. The diameter of the arc-shaped gathering portion 31 is larger than the diameter of the wheat stalk. The function of the arc-shaped gathering portion 31 is to gather the wheat plants together for combing, so as to minimize the residue of wheat grains on the stalk after combing.

[0024] The wheat ear-stalk stripping combing roller of this application can be applied to a wheat combine harvester for plot breeding. The wheat combine harvester includes a chassis 1 and a walking system 7. The walking system 7 is a tracked walking system and includes tracked wheels 2 set on the left and right sides of the chassis 1. The chassis 1 is equipped with a combing cutter 3, a threshing system 4, a separating system 5, an operating platform 6, a power system, and a seed box 8. The chassis 1 is also equipped with a driver's seat 9, which is located behind the operating platform 6. The power system drives and connects the combing and threshing table 3, the threshing system 4, and the separation system 5. A conveyor bridge 10 is provided between the combing and threshing table 3 and the threshing system 4. The combing and threshing table 3 includes a left side plate 11 and a right side plate 12. A combing roller and a conveying roller are provided between the left side plate 11 and the right side plate 12, with the conveying roller located behind the combing roller. A rear baffle is provided on the rear side of the left side plate 11 and the right side plate 12. A concave arc-shaped plate corresponding to the spiral conveying roller is provided at the bottom of the left side plate 11 and the right side plate 12. The rear end of the concave arc plate is connected to the bottom end of the rear baffle. The left and right ends of the concave arc plate are connected to the left side plate 11 and the right side plate 12, respectively. The front opening of the concave arc plate is set to correspond to the combing roller so that the wheat ears can be thrown into the concave arc plate when the combing roller rotates. The upper part of the left side plate 11 and the right side plate 12 is provided with an upper cover plate 15. The front end of the left side plate 11 and the right side plate 12 is rotatably provided with a pressing nose 67. The combing roller is the wheat ear stripping stalk combing roller of this application.

[0025] The pressing nose 67 is installed between the left side plate 11 and the right side plate 12 via a corresponding pressing shaft. The left and right ends of the pressing shaft are respectively mounted on the left side plate 11 and the right side plate 12 via corresponding bearings. The left end of the pressing shaft passes through the left side plate 11 and is connected to a first linkage drive mechanism, and the right end of the pressing shaft passes through the right side plate 12 and is connected to a second linkage drive mechanism. The first linkage drive mechanism and the second linkage drive mechanism simultaneously drive the rotation of the pressing shaft, thereby driving the rotation of the pressing nose 67. The first linkage drive mechanism and the second linkage drive mechanism have the same structure. Each includes a first connecting rod 33, a second connecting rod 34, and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 35. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder 35 is mounted on a corresponding hydraulic cylinder mounting plate along the front-rear direction. The telescopic end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 35 is connected to the rear end of the second connecting rod 34. The front end of the second connecting rod 34 is hinged to the rear end of the first connecting rod 33. The front end of the first connecting rod 33 is hinged to the pressing shaft. The pressing nose 67 includes a left pressing plate 36 and a right pressing plate 37. A pressing part 38 is provided between the left pressing plate 36 and the right pressing plate 37. The bottom end of the pressing part 38 is set as an arc-shaped part 39. The bottom end of the pressing part 38 is the main part in contact with the wheat plant. Its function is to bend the upright wheat plant, so that the wheat plant has elastic potential energy and rebounds towards the comb plate 20. In order to avoid the wheat plant breaking due to a sudden increase in bending under the action of the pressing nose 67, the bottom end of the pressing part 38 is designed as an arc-shaped part 39, so that the bending of the wheat plant gradually increases under the action of the pressing nose 67, thereby reducing the amount of wheat plant breaking.

[0026] The spiral conveyor roller includes a conveyor roller shaft 40, on which a first spiral blade 41 and a second spiral blade 42 are mounted. The right end of the first spiral blade 41 originates from the right end of the conveyor roller shaft 40, and a first conveying plate 43 is mounted on the left end of the first spiral blade 41. The left end of the second spiral blade 42 originates from the left end of the conveyor roller shaft 40, and a second conveying plate 44 is mounted on the right end of the second spiral blade 42. The length of the first spiral blade 41 is greater than the length of the second spiral blade 42. Both the first conveying plate 43 and the second conveying plate 44 are arranged along the axial direction of the conveyor roller shaft 40 and are in the same plane. As the spiral conveyor roller rotates, the combed ears are conveyed by the first spiral blade 41 and the second spiral blade 42 to the first conveying plate 43 and the second conveying plate 44. Under the action of the first conveying plate 43 and the second conveying plate 44, the ears are conveyed into the conveyor bridge 10.

[0027] The rear baffle is provided with conveying holes corresponding to the first conveying plate 43 and the second conveying plate 44. The conveying bridge 10 is located on the rear side of the rear baffle. The inlet end of the conveying bridge 10 is connected to the conveying holes. The conveying bridge 10 includes a conveying cylinder 68 with openings at the front and rear ends. A conveying chain plate assembly is provided inside the conveying cylinder 68. The conveying chain plate assembly includes a drive shaft 45, a driven shaft 46, a left drive sprocket 47, a right drive sprocket, a left driven sprocket 49, a right driven sprocket 50, a left chain 51, and a right chain 52. The drive shaft 45 is located in the conveying cylinder. At the rear of 68, the driven wheel is located at the front of the conveyor cylinder 68. The left drive sprocket 47 and the right drive sprocket are respectively located at the left and right ends of the drive shaft 45. The left driven sprocket 49 and the right driven sprocket 50 are respectively located at the ends of the driven shaft 46. The left chain 51 is sleeved on the left drive sprocket 47 and the left driven sprocket. The right chain 52 is sleeved on the right drive sprocket and the right driven sprocket 50. Several conveyor baffle assemblies are arranged between the left chain 51 and the right chain 52 along the left and right directions. The conveyor baffle assembly includes a conveyor horizontal plate and a conveyor vertical plate.

[0028] The outlet end of the conveyor bridge 10 is connected to the threshing system 4. The threshing system 4 includes a threshing chamber 53 with an open top. The threshing chamber 53 is equipped with a threshing drum 54 and a concave sieve 55. The threshing drum 54 can be the threshing drum 54 of an existing harvester (the threshing drum 54 is a commercially available mechanism and will not be described in detail here). The concave sieve 55 is located below the threshing drum 54. The concave sieve 55 divides the space inside the threshing chamber 53 into a threshing chamber above the concave sieve 55 and a grain chamber below the concave sieve 55. The top of the threshing chamber 53 is equipped with a chamber cover 56. The chamber cover 56 is hinged to the threshing chamber 53 by a hinge 57. The bottom of the threshing chamber 53 is equipped with a removable seed cleaning plate.

[0029] The separation system 5 includes a cleaning pipe 58, a negative pressure fan 59, a flexible screw conveyor, and a grain elevator 60. One end of the cleaning pipe 58 is connected to the threshing chamber. The negative pressure fan 59 sucks out the impurities in the threshing chamber through the cleaning pipe 58 and discharges the impurities through the discharge port. The flexible screw conveyor is arranged horizontally in the grain chamber. The threshing bin 53 is connected to an inclined grain conveying cylinder 61. The inclined grain conveying cylinder 61 is arranged at an angle with a lower front and a higher rear. The front end of the inclined grain conveying cylinder 61 is connected to the grain chamber, and the rear end of the inclined grain conveying cylinder 61 is connected to a grain conveying box 62 with an opening at the bottom. The seed box 8 is set on the chassis 1 and located below the opening at the bottom of the grain conveying box 62. The grain elevator 60 is set inside the inclined grain conveying cylinder 61. In addition, the threshing chamber is connected to a positive pressure fan 64 via a corresponding flexible duct 63. The positive pressure fan 64 can blow up the impurities in the threshing chamber. Since wheat grains have a certain weight, the positive pressure fan 64 blows up the impurities in the threshing chamber without affecting the wheat from passing through the concave sieve 55 into the grain chamber, which is conducive to the negative pressure fan 59 discharging the impurities through the impurity removal pipe 58.

[0030] The power system includes an engine 65, an oil tank 66 mounted on the chassis 1, and the power output shaft of the engine 65 connected to the threshing drum 54 via a corresponding belt drive mechanism. A corresponding pulley is located at the left end of the threshing drum 54, and a first pulley is located at the right end of the threshing drum 54. The first pulley is connected to the grain elevator 60 via a corresponding belt drive mechanism. The threshing drum 54 is connected to the drive shaft 45 of the conveying bridge 10 via a corresponding belt drive mechanism, and a corresponding pulley is located at the left end of the drive shaft 45. A first sprocket is located at the right end of the drive shaft 45. A sprocket shaft is located on the rear side of the rear baffle along the left-right direction, and a second sprocket and a third sprocket are located at both ends of the sprocket shaft. The first sprocket and the second sprocket... The sprockets are connected by a first chain drive. The left ends of the roller shaft 16 and the conveyor roller shaft 40 are both mounted on the left side plate 11 via corresponding bearings. A fourth sprocket is mounted on the right end of the conveyor roller shaft 40, and a fifth sprocket is mounted on the right end of the roller shaft 16. A transmission sprocket shaft is mounted on the right side plate 12. A first transmission sprocket and a second transmission sprocket are mounted on the transmission sprocket shaft. The second transmission sprocket is located to the right of the first transmission sprocket. The transmission sprocket shaft is located between the conveyor roller shaft 40 and the roller shaft 16. The third sprocket and the fourth sprocket are connected by a second chain drive. The fourth sprocket and the first transmission sprocket are connected by a third chain drive. The second transmission sprocket and the fifth sprocket are connected by a fourth chain drive.

[0031] In practical use, the wheat combine harvester for small-scale breeding moves into the wheat field via a tracked walking system 7 (the tracked walking system 7 is an existing mechanism, and its specific structure will not be described in detail). Figure 11As shown, firstly, the engine 65 is turned on to start all components. Then, the position of the combing and threshing platform 3 is adjusted by the hydraulic lifting system (the hydraulic lifting system can be the one described in Chinese utility model patent CN204810993U, or the hydraulic lifting system in a commercially available combine harvester; the specific structure will not be described in detail). This ensures that the combing and threshing platform 3 is close to the wheat ear. Then, the first connecting rod 33 and the second connecting rod 34 are driven by the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 35, which in turn drives the pressing nose 67 to rotate forward. Then, the position of the combing and threshing platform 3 is adjusted again by the hydraulic lifting system so that the pressing nose 67 of the combing and threshing platform 3 bends the wheat stalk. During this process, the combing teeth 21 begin to comb off the wheat ear and throw it into the concave arc plate. Inside the concave arc plate, the wheat ear is first... The wheat ears are conveyed by the rotation of the spiral blades 41 and 42 through the first conveyor plate 43 and the second conveyor plate 44 into the conveying bridge 10. The conveyor plate assembly in the conveying bridge 10 further conveys the wheat ears into the threshing chamber of the threshing system 4. In the threshing chamber, the wheat ears are crushed by the rotation of the threshing drum 54, and the wheat husks and cob are broken. The negative pressure fan 59 sucks out the impurities through the impurity removal pipe 58 and discharges them through the impurity removal port. The wheat grains enter the grain chamber through the concave sieve 55. The flexible spiral conveyor in the grain chamber continuously conveys the wheat grains from the left end of the grain chamber through the inclined grain conveying cylinder 61 that connects to the right end of the grain chamber, and then through the grain elevator 60 set in the inclined grain conveying cylinder 61 to the grain box 62 with the bottom opening, so that the wheat grains finally fall into the seed box 8.

[0032] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of this utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Any modifications or partial substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A combing roller for separating the stalks from wheat ears, characterized in that: It includes left and right roller shafts, with several polygonal mounting plates spaced apart along the axial direction on the roller shafts. Roller plates are arranged along the left and right directions on the side edges of the polygonal mounting plates. The inner surface of the roller plates is in close contact with the side edges of the polygonal mounting plates in the same plane. Clamping plates are provided on both long sides of the roller plates. Combing plates are clamped between the clamping plates of adjacent roller plates. Combing plates are spaced apart along the left and right directions on the combing plates.

2. The combing roller for stripping stalks from wheat ears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comb teeth and the comb plate are integrally formed. The comb teeth include a first beveled portion, a second beveled portion, a third beveled portion, a fourth beveled portion, a first inner arc portion, and a second inner arc portion. The outer ends of the first beveled portion and the second beveled portion intersect to form a sharp portion. The third beveled portion and the fourth beveled portion are located at the inner ends of the first beveled portion and the second beveled portion. A first beveled portion is formed between the third beveled portion and the first beveled portion. A second beveled portion is formed between the fourth beveled portion and the second beveled portion. The outer end of the first inner arc portion is connected to the inner end of the third beveled portion. The outer end of the second inner arc portion is connected to the inner end of the fourth beveled portion. An arc-shaped gathering portion with an outer opening is formed between the first inner arc portion and the second inner arc portion of adjacent comb teeth. An inverted triangular combing portion is formed between the first beveled portion and the second beveled portion of adjacent comb teeth.

3. The combing roller for stripping stalks from wheat ears according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the arc-shaped converging part is larger than the diameter of the wheat stalk.

4. The combing roller for stripping stalks from wheat ears according to claim 3, characterized in that: The polygonal mounting plate can be an octagonal, decagonal, or dodecagonal mounting plate.

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