A stepwise air separation device for waste lithium iron phosphate battery pole piece powder

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of waste old lithium iron phosphate battery pole piece powder stepwise pneumatic separation devices, belong to lithium iron phosphate battery recycling technical field, a kind of waste old lithium iron phosphate battery pole piece powder stepwise pneumatic separation device, including pneumatic separation cavity, fan, cyclone separator, the left side of pneumatic separation cavity is equipped with air inlet, the right side of pneumatic separation cavity is equipped with air outlet, the top surface of pneumatic separation cavity is equipped with feeder, the inside bottom of pneumatic separation cavity is fixed with first hopper, second hopper, third hopper, the inside upper portion of pneumatic separation cavity is fixed with primary settling platform, secondary settling platform, tertiary settling platform, the inside upper portion of pneumatic separation cavity is also rotatably connected with primary deflector, secondary deflector, tertiary deflector. The utility model solves the problem of insufficient sorting accuracy, poor adaptability, energy consumption and fine powder processing problem, the problem of insufficient maintenance convenience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of lithium iron phosphate battery recycling technology, and more specifically, it relates to a stepped air separation device for waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and energy storage industries, the demand for lithium iron phosphate batteries has surged, leading to an increasingly urgent need for the recycling and processing of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries. In the recycling process of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries, after the electrode sheets are initially crushed and sheared, they need to be further pulverized by crushing equipment to obtain a mixture containing metal current collector fragments and electrode active material powder. Existing stepped air separation devices for waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode sheet powder widely use air separation technology to separate this type of material. Its principle is to achieve separation by utilizing the balance difference between the gravity and airflow drag force experienced by different materials in the airflow. However, this method has the following drawbacks:

[0003] 1. Insufficient sorting accuracy

[0004] The density difference between metal current collector fragments (especially aluminum foil fragments with a thickness <50μm and a particle size <1mm) and black powder is small (aluminum foil density 2.7g / cm³). 3 vs. black powder density 2.3-2.8g / cm³ 3 Furthermore, the metal fragments are in the form of thin flakes and the black powder is in the form of flocculent particles. The air resistance is significantly affected by the shape, making it difficult for traditional single-speed wind separation devices to accurately separate them, resulting in low recovery rates of black powder and metal.

[0005] 2. Poor adaptability

[0006] The particle size distribution (10μm-5mm), moisture content (0-8%), and metal content (10%-40%) of electrode powder fluctuate greatly. The airflow field of traditional air classifiers is fixed (such as single wind speed and fixed flow guide structure), which cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the material characteristics. This can easily lead to excessive black powder being carried into the dust removal system or excessive metal residue.

[0007] 3. Energy consumption and fine powder processing issues

[0008] To improve sorting accuracy, some equipment adopts a "high wind speed + multiple cycle sorting" mode, which results in energy consumption that is 30%-50% higher than the theoretical value. At the same time, the escape rate of fine powder increases, which increases the load on the subsequent dust removal system and may even lead to excessive emission concentrations.

[0009] 4. Insufficient ease of maintenance

[0010] Traditional air separation chambers have a simple internal structure, making it easy for materials to accumulate in corners, resulting in short cleaning cycles and affecting continuous operation efficiency.

[0011] Therefore, a stepped air separation device for waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0012] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a stepped air separation device for waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder, which is equipped with multi-stage guide plates and multi-stage settling platforms to solve the problems of insufficient sorting accuracy, poor adaptability, energy consumption and fine powder processing, and insufficient maintenance convenience mentioned in the background technology.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: a stepped air separation device for waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder, comprising an air separation chamber, a fan, and a cyclone separator. The air separation chamber has an air inlet on the left side and an air outlet on the right side. A feeder is provided on the top surface of the air separation chamber. A first hopper, a second hopper, and a third hopper are fixed to the bottom inner side of the air separation chamber. A first-stage settling platform, a second-stage settling platform, and a third-stage settling platform are fixed to the upper inner side of the air separation chamber. A first-stage guide plate, a second-stage guide plate, and a third-stage guide plate are rotatably connected to the upper inner side of the air separation chamber. A first-stage guide plate adjustment handle, a second-stage guide plate adjustment handle, and a third-stage guide plate adjustment handle are rotatably connected to the front side of the air separation chamber.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the air inlet has a trumpet-shaped structure, the air inlet is connected to the fan through a pipe, and the air outlet is connected to the cyclone separator through a pipe.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the first hopper, the second hopper, and the third hopper are arranged sequentially from left to right.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the primary settling platform is located above the first hopper, the secondary settling platform is located above the second hopper, and the tertiary settling platform is located above the third hopper.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the height of the primary settlement platform, the secondary settlement platform, and the tertiary settlement platform gradually decreases from left to right.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the position of the first-stage guide plate corresponds to the position of the first-stage settling platform, the position of the second-stage guide plate corresponds to the position of the second-stage settling platform, and the position of the third-stage guide plate corresponds to the position of the third-stage settling platform.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the output end of the first-stage guide vane adjustment handle is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the first-stage guide vane's rotating shaft; the output end of the second-stage guide vane adjustment handle is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the second-stage guide vane's rotating shaft; and the output end of the third-stage guide vane adjustment handle is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the third-stage guide vane's rotating shaft.

[0020] This utility model provides a stepped air separation device for waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] This waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder stepped air separation device, through a three-stage stepped flow field design, achieves precise classification of materials according to density and particle size. Industrial test data shows that the metal impurity content in the black powder product can be stably controlled at 0.8-1.2%, and the black powder entrainment in the metal fragments is ≤1.5%, which is 65% and 70% lower than traditional equipment, respectively.

[0022] This waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder stepped air separation device features a multi-parameter coordinated adjustment system for guide plate angle, air volume, and feed rate, which can adapt to material variations with a moisture content of 1-3% and a particle size distribution span of 50-200 mesh.

[0023] This waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder stepped air separation device uses a graded air separation design to reduce the average wind speed to 10-15m / s, completes the processing in one go, reduces the energy consumption per unit of processing, and increases the processing capacity to 150-200kg / h, meeting the needs of large-scale production. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the left side of a stepped air separation device for waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the right side of a stepped air separation device for waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a stepped air separation device for waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This utility model relates to a stepped air separation device for waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder. Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of point A in the diagram.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Air separation chamber; 2. Blower; 3. Cyclone separator; 4. Air inlet; 5. Air outlet; 6. Feeder; 7. First hopper; 8. Second hopper; 9. Third hopper; 10. Primary settling platform; 11. Secondary settling platform; 12. Tertiary settling platform; 13. Primary guide vane; 14. Secondary guide vane; 15. Tertiary guide vane; 16. Primary guide vane adjustment handle; 17. Secondary guide vane adjustment handle; 18. Tertiary guide vane adjustment handle. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 4 This utility model provides a technical solution: a stepped air separation device for waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder, including an air separation chamber 1, a fan 2, and a cyclone separator 3. An air inlet 4 is provided on the left side of the air separation chamber 1, an air outlet 5 is provided on the right side of the air separation chamber 1, a feeder 6 is provided on the top surface of the air separation chamber 1, a first hopper 7, a second hopper 8, and a third hopper 9 are fixed at the bottom of the inner side of the air separation chamber 1, a first-stage settling platform 10, a second-stage settling platform 11, and a third-stage settling platform 12 are fixed at the upper inner side of the air separation chamber 1, a first-stage guide plate 13, a second-stage guide plate 14, and a third-stage guide plate 15 are rotatably connected to the upper inner side of the air separation chamber 1, and a first-stage guide plate adjustment handle 16, a second-stage guide plate adjustment handle 17, and a third-stage guide plate adjustment handle 18 are rotatably connected to the front side of the air separation chamber 1.

[0033] The pulverized used lithium iron phosphate battery powder enters the primary settling platform 10 via feeder 6. Simultaneously, high-speed airflow generated by blower 2 enters the air classifier chamber 1 through inlet 4 via pipe. Under the action of airflow, the material is dispersed, suspended, and conveyed forward. When passing above the primary settling platform 10, the airflow is guided by the primary guide plate 13. The heaviest and coarsest metal fragments, due to gravity exceeding the drag force of the airflow, settle onto the primary settling platform 10 and slide into the first hopper 7. The remaining material moves to the secondary settling platform 10 with the airflow. Above the settling platform 11, the airflow is guided by the secondary guide plate 14. Medium-sized metal fragments and a small amount of agglomerated black powder settle onto the secondary settling platform 11 and slide into the second hopper 8. Finally, the main black powder continues to move with the airflow to the tertiary settling platform 12. The airflow is guided by the tertiary guide plate 15. With a lower wind speed and a longer settling path, the black powder settles onto the tertiary settling platform 12 and slides into the third hopper 9. The extremely fine dust is collected by the airflow through the outlet 5 and the pipe into the cyclone separator 3.

[0034] Furthermore, the air inlet 4 has a trumpet-shaped structure, and the air inlet 4 is connected to the fan 2 through a pipe. The air outlet 5 is connected to the cyclone separator 3 through a pipe. The first hopper 7, the second hopper 8, and the third hopper 9 are arranged in order from left to right.

[0035] Below each settling platform, there is an independent hopper for collecting the material that settles onto the platform. The inner wall of the hopper is inclined to prevent powder from accumulating.

[0036] Furthermore, the primary settling platform 10 is located above the first hopper 7, the secondary settling platform 11 is located above the second hopper 8, and the tertiary settling platform 12 is located above the third hopper 9.

[0037] The air separation chamber 1 is equipped with three stepped settling platforms that are slightly inclined horizontally inside. The end of the upper settling platform is located above the starting end of the lower settling platform, forming a stepped drop. This solves the problems of easy turbulence in the internal flow field of traditional air separation devices, poor material settling and classification effect, and difficulty in accurately classifying materials of different particle sizes and densities. The stepped settling chamber constructs a multi-stage stepped flow field, and uses the stepped drop to allow the airflow to flow through each settling platform in an orderly manner, so that materials with different characteristics settle on the corresponding platforms, improving the accuracy and efficiency of classification and optimizing the flow field distribution.

[0038] Furthermore, the height of the primary settlement platform 10, the secondary settlement platform 11, and the tertiary settlement platform 12 gradually decreases from left to right;

[0039] In the drop area between two adjacent settling platforms, a variable cross-section airflow channel is formed. The cross-sectional area of ​​the channel can be designed to gradually expand, gradually contract, or expand first and then contract in the airflow direction to optimize the airflow velocity and flow field distribution, promote the graded settling of materials, and solve the problem that the cross-section of traditional air separation channels is mostly fixed, making it difficult to optimize the airflow velocity and flow field distribution, which affects the settling and grading of materials. The variable cross-section channel optimizes the airflow velocity and flow field at different positions by changing the cross-sectional area, making the airflow more in line with the material grading and settling law, promoting the effective grading of materials, and improving the sorting effect.

[0040] Furthermore, the position of the first-stage guide plate 13 corresponds to the position of the first-stage settling platform 10, the position of the second-stage guide plate 14 corresponds to the position of the second-stage settling platform 11, and the position of the third-stage guide plate 15 corresponds to the position of the third-stage settling platform 12.

[0041] Above each settling platform, near its starting point, is an adjustable guide vane. This vane is located between the air inlet and the current settling platform and is used to guide and adjust the direction and speed of the airflow entering that settling platform. This solves the problem that traditional air classifiers have difficulty in flexibly controlling the direction and speed of the airflow, and cannot adapt to different materials to achieve the best sorting effect. The adjustable guide vane can flexibly change the airflow parameters according to the material characteristics and sorting accuracy requirements, making the airflow more suitable for material sorting and improving sorting adaptability and effect.

[0042] Furthermore, the output end of the first-stage guide vane adjusting handle 16 is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft of the first-stage guide vane 13, the output end of the second-stage guide vane adjusting handle 17 is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft of the second-stage guide vane 14, and the output end of the third-stage guide vane adjusting handle 18 is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft of the third-stage guide vane 15.

[0043] The guide vane is angle-adjustable via a rotating shaft and an external handle to accommodate different material characteristics and required sorting accuracy.

[0044] The specific usage and function of this embodiment are as follows:

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment illustrates the separation of positive electrode powder from waste lithium iron phosphate batteries. In specific implementation of the device, as follows... Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes an air separation chamber 1, a blower 2, and a cyclone separator 3.

[0047] Working process: Positive electrode powder with 22% aluminum foil fragments, D50 of black powder = 52μm, and moisture content of 1.2% is fed into the primary settling platform 10 by feeder 6 at a rate of 120kg / h. At the same time, the wind speed generated by blower 2 is 15m / s. The airflow enters the air classifier chamber 1 through the air inlet 4 through the pipe. The material is dispersed, suspended and conveyed forward under the action of airflow.

[0048] As the airflow passes over the primary settling platform 10, it is guided by the primary guide plate 13 at an angle of 55°. Under the action of the inclined flow field, the coarse aluminum foil with a particle size ≥0.3mm settles onto the primary settling platform 10 and slides into the first hopper 7 because the gravity is greater than the drag force of the airflow. The aluminum purity is 98.7%.

[0049] The remaining material moves with the airflow to the top of the secondary settling platform 11. The airflow is guided by the secondary guide plate 14 at an angle of 50°, forming a vortex field. The separated mixture, including a small amount of aluminum foil and coarse black powder, settles on the secondary settling platform 11 and slides into the second hopper 8.

[0050] Finally, the main black powder continues to move with the airflow to the three-stage settling platform 12. The airflow is guided by the three-stage guide plate 15 at an angle of 45°. Under lower wind speed and a longer settling path, black powder with a particle size ≤0.1mm settles onto the three-stage settling platform 12 and slides into the third hopper 9 with a purity of 98.3%. The extremely fine dust is collected by the airflow through the air outlet 5 and the pipe into the cyclone separator 3.

[0051] Effect verification:

[0052] The black powder recovery rate was 97.5%, and the purity was 99.6%. The aluminum recovery rate was 98.2%, and the purity was 98.1%.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment illustrates the separation of negative electrode powder from waste lithium iron phosphate batteries. When the device is specifically implemented, as follows... Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes an air separation chamber 1, a blower 2, and a cyclone separator 3.

[0055] Working process: The negative electrode powder with copper foil fragments accounting for 15%, graphite black powder D50=38μm, and moisture content of 1.5% is fed into the primary settling platform 10 by the feeder 6 at a rate of 100kg / h. At the same time, the airflow generated by the blower 2 with a wind speed of 10m / s enters the air classifier 1 through the air inlet 4 through the pipe. The material is dispersed, suspended and conveyed forward under the action of airflow.

[0056] As the airflow passes over the primary settling platform 10, it is guided by the primary guide vane 13 at a 50° angle. Under the influence of the inclined flow field, the airflow density is ≥8.9 g / cm³. 3 Coarse copper foil with a particle size ≥ 0.2 mm settles onto the primary settling platform 10 and slides into the first hopper 7 due to gravity exceeding the drag force of the airflow; the copper purity is 98.9%.

[0057] The remaining material moves with the airflow to the upper part of the angled secondary settling platform 11. The airflow is guided by the secondary guide plate 14 at an angle of 45°, the wind speed is reduced, and the separated mixture settles on the secondary settling platform 11 and slides into the second hopper 8.

[0058] Finally, the main black powder continues to move with the airflow to the third-stage settling platform 12. The airflow is guided by the third-stage guide plate 15 at an angle of 40°. Under lower wind speeds and a longer settling path, the density is ≤2.2g / cm³. 3 The black powder settles onto the three-stage settling platform 12 and slides into the third hopper 9. The purity is 99.0%. The extremely fine dust is collected by the airflow through the air outlet 5 and the pipe into the cyclone separator 3.

[0059] Effect verification:

[0060] The copper recovery rate was 98.3%, and the purity was 99.6%.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A stepped air separation device for waste lithium iron phosphate battery electrode powder, comprising an air separation chamber (1), a blower (2), and a cyclone separator (3), characterized in that: The left side of the winnowing cavity (1) is provided with an air inlet (4), the right side of the winnowing cavity (1) is provided with an air outlet (5), the top surface of the winnowing cavity (1) is provided with a feeder (6), the inner bottom of the winnowing cavity (1) is fixed with a first hopper (7), a second hopper (8) and a third hopper (9), the inner upper portion of the winnowing cavity (1) is fixed with a first-stage settling platform (10), a second-stage settling platform (11) and a third-stage settling platform (12), the inner upper portion of the winnowing cavity (1) is further rotatably connected with a first-stage guide plate (13), a second-stage guide plate (14) and a third-stage guide plate (15), and the front side of the winnowing cavity (1) is rotatably connected with a first-stage guide plate adjusting handle (16), a second-stage guide plate adjusting handle (17) and a third-stage guide plate adjusting handle (18).

2. A stepwise air separation device for waste and old lithium iron phosphate battery pole piece powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet (4) is in a horn structure, the air inlet (4) is connected with the fan (2) through a pipeline in communication, and the air outlet (5) is connected with the cyclone separator (3) through a pipeline in communication.

3. A step-wise air classification separation device for waste and old lithium iron phosphate battery pole piece powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first hopper (7), the second hopper (8) and the third hopper (9) are arranged from left to right in sequence.

4. The waste lithium iron phosphate battery pole piece powder step-by-step air separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage settling platform (10) is located above the first hopper (7), the second-stage settling platform (11) is located above the second hopper (8), and the third-stage settling platform (12) is located above the third hopper (9).

5. A step-wise air classification separation device for waste and old lithium iron phosphate battery pole piece powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage settling platform (10) is gradually lowered in height from left to right together with the second-stage settling platform (11) and the third-stage settling platform (12).

6. A step-wise air classification separation device for waste and old lithium iron phosphate battery pole piece powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position of the first-stage guide plate (13) corresponds to the position of the first-stage settling platform (10), the position of the second-stage guide plate (14) corresponds to the position of the second-stage settling platform (11), and the position of the third-stage guide plate (15) corresponds to the position of the third-stage settling platform (12).

7. A step-wise air classification separation device for waste and old lithium iron phosphate battery pole piece powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the first-stage guide plate adjusting handle (16) is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the rotating shaft of the first-stage guide plate (13), the output end of the second-stage guide plate adjusting handle (17) is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the rotating shaft of the second-stage guide plate (14), and the output end of the third-stage guide plate adjusting handle (18) is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the rotating shaft of the third-stage guide plate (15).

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