Coupling antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses a coupling antenna and electronic equipment, which comprises a cross-joint unit, a first antenna branch, a second antenna branch and a feeding unit. The cross-joint unit comprises a selection switch and a plurality of antenna cross-joints. The selection switch is connected with the plurality of antenna cross-joints. The cross-joint unit is connected with the first antenna branch through the plurality of antenna cross-joints. The cross-joint unit is connected with the second antenna branch through the selection switch. The first antenna branch is further connected with the feeding unit. The method does not introduce a capacitor inductor device, thereby reducing device loss, increasing antenna efficiency, and the plurality of antenna cross-joints can be selected according to requirements, thereby increasing the antenna tuning range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, specifically to a coupled antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, interleaved antenna schemes for mobile phones are increasingly being used in numerous projects. By employing interleaved coupling, these schemes increase antenna coupling capacitance, effectively reducing antenna size, and offer the advantage of a low specific absorption rate (SAR). However, this method has a significant drawback: insufficient antenna bandwidth and a relatively narrow frequency coverage.

[0003] In existing technologies, switches are typically used in conjunction with capacitors and inductors for tuning, thereby changing the antenna resonant frequency and widening the antenna bandwidth. However, this existing technology also has drawbacks. On the one hand, device losses can adversely affect antenna efficiency; on the other hand, the antenna tuning range is limited, making it difficult to fully meet the increasingly diverse needs. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application discloses a coupled antenna and electronic device. The antenna coupling amount is adjusted by antenna interleaving and selection switch. This method does not introduce capacitor and inductor devices, thereby reducing device loss and increasing antenna efficiency. In addition, multiple antenna interleavings can be selected as needed, thereby increasing the antenna tuning range.

[0005] A first aspect of this application discloses a coupled antenna, including a toe unit, a first antenna stub, a second antenna stub, and a feed unit. The toe unit includes a selection switch and multiple antenna toes. The selection switch is connected to the multiple antenna toes. The toe unit is connected to the first antenna stub through the multiple antenna toes. The toe unit is connected to the second antenna stub through the selection switch. The first antenna stub is also connected to the feed unit, wherein:

[0006] When the selection switch is turned on with at least one target antenna intersection among the plurality of antenna intersections, the at least one target antenna intersection, together with the first antenna stub, the second antenna stub, and the feed unit, forms a coupled antenna to receive or transmit antenna signals.

[0007] As an optional implementation, in a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, each of the antenna segments includes a first partial segment and a second partial segment, the first partial segment being connected to the selection switch, the second partial segment being connected to the first antenna segment, and the first partial segment and the second partial segment being arranged intersectingly.

[0008] As an optional implementation, in a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, the interlacing amounts of different antenna interlacings among the plurality of antenna interlacings are different or the same, wherein the interlacing amount is the number of branches intersecting in each antenna interlacing.

[0009] As an optional implementation, in a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, the plurality of antenna interdigitations include a plurality of third part branches and a fourth part branch, each of the third part branches being connected to the selection switch, the fourth part branch being connected to the first antenna branch, and the plurality of third part branches and the fourth part branch being arranged in an intersecting manner;

[0010] Each of the third branch segments forms an antenna intersection with the fourth branch.

[0011] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a gap is provided between any two intersecting branches, and multiple gaps in the same antenna intersection are the same.

[0012] As an optional implementation, in a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, each of the branches is a rectangular branch.

[0013] As an optional implementation, in a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, the selection switch includes a stationary contact and a moving contact, the moving contact of the selection switch is connected to the interdigitated unit, and the stationary contact of the selection switch is connected to the second antenna stub.

[0014] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the embodiments of this application, the selection switch is a single-pole multi-throw switch.

[0015] As an optional implementation, in a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, the coupling antenna further includes a circuit board, and the second antenna stub is also connected to the circuit board.

[0016] A second aspect of this application discloses an electronic device including a coupling antenna as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0017] Compared with related technologies, the embodiments of this application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The coupled antenna disclosed in this application includes a toe unit, a first antenna stub, a second antenna stub, and a feed unit. The toe unit includes a selection switch and multiple antenna toes. The selection switch is connected to the multiple antenna toes. The toe unit is connected to the first antenna stub via the multiple antenna toes. The toe unit is also connected to the second antenna stub via the selection switch. The first antenna stub is further connected to the feed unit. When the selection switch is activated with at least one target antenna toe among the multiple antenna toes, at least one target antenna toe, the first antenna stub, the second antenna stub, and the feed unit form a coupled antenna to receive or transmit antenna signals. This method does not introduce capacitors or inductors, thereby reducing device losses and increasing antenna efficiency. Furthermore, the multiple antenna toes can be selected as needed, thereby increasing the antenna tuning range. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a coupling antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of another coupling antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of another coupling antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first, second, third" used in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish similar or different objects and do not represent a specific order of objects. It can be understood that "first, second, third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0027] In today's era of rapid smartphone development, innovation in mobile phone antenna technology is crucial. Among these innovations, interleaved antenna solutions are gradually emerging and being widely applied in numerous projects. This solution primarily relies on the unique method of interleaved coupling to function. When using interleaved coupling, the antenna coupling capacitance can be cleverly increased. This change brings significant benefits, the most prominent being the effective reduction in antenna size. In today's pursuit of thinner and lighter phones, this feature is undoubtedly extremely attractive, allowing mobile phone manufacturers to better arrange antennas within the limited body space, freeing up more space for other important components.

[0028] In addition, the interleaved antenna scheme has an important advantage related to user health: a lower Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) value. The SAR value reflects the degree to which the human body absorbs electromagnetic radiation energy. A lower SAR value means that the human body absorbs relatively less electromagnetic radiation during mobile phone use, which to a certain extent protects the user's health and safety.

[0029] However, interleaved antenna schemes also have significant drawbacks. Among these, insufficient antenna bandwidth and a relatively narrow frequency coverage are particularly prominent. The limitation of antenna bandwidth makes it difficult for mobile phones to achieve ideal results when receiving and transmitting signals at different frequencies. This can lead to unstable mobile phone signals in certain complex communication environments, affecting users' call quality, network speed, and other user experiences.

[0030] To compensate for the insufficient bandwidth of interleaved antenna schemes, existing technologies typically employ a method of tuning using switches in conjunction with capacitors and inductors. The principle is to adjust the values ​​of the capacitors and inductors by controlling the switches, thereby changing the antenna's resonant frequency. When the antenna's resonant frequency changes, its bandwidth is correspondingly widened, thus improving the performance of the interleaved antenna scheme to some extent. However, this seemingly effective existing technology also has several drawbacks. On the one hand, capacitors and inductors themselves have inherent losses, which inevitably negatively impact antenna efficiency. On the other hand, the antenna tuning range is limited. With the continuous development of communication technology, users' diverse needs for mobile communication are increasing, and the current antenna tuning range is insufficient to fully meet these increasingly complex requirements, which to some extent restricts further improvements in mobile communication performance.

[0031] This application discloses a coupled antenna and electronic device. The antenna coupling amount is adjusted by antenna toe and selection switch 12. This method does not introduce capacitor and inductor devices, thereby reducing device loss. In addition, multiple antenna toes 13 can be selected as needed, thereby increasing the antenna tuning range.

[0032] The coupled antenna and electronic device disclosed in this application can be applied to a variety of fields, such as multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology, wireless communication technology, radar systems, and satellite communication technology, etc., without any specific limitations.

[0033] In the field of MIMO technology, the coupling antenna proposed in this application can realize more data streams with limited spectrum resources, thereby increasing system throughput and improving data transmission efficiency. It can also effectively reduce the impact of multipath effects and improve signal quality. In the field of wireless communication technology, the coupling antenna provided in this application can improve the coverage and stability of the system. Especially in complex urban environments, factors such as buildings, tall buildings, and obstacles cause signal reflection and attenuation. In this case, the coupling antenna can effectively alleviate signal loss and interference problems by receiving signals from different paths. In the field of radar technology, radar systems require highly accurate detection and positioning capabilities. Therefore, the application of the coupling antenna in this application can improve detection accuracy and directionality, especially in applications requiring high resolution and high reliability. In the field of satellite communication technology, due to the long distance of signal propagation and complex environment, the coupling antenna in this application can effectively enhance signal stability and anti-interference capabilities, improving the quality and reliability of long-distance communication. The following is a detailed description:

[0034] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a coupled antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. The diagram includes a toe unit 11, a first antenna stub 21, a second antenna stub 31, and a feed unit 41. The toe unit 11 includes a selection switch 12 and multiple antenna toes 13. The first end of the selection switch 12 is connected to the first end of the multiple antenna toes 13. The toe unit 11 is connected to the first end of the first antenna stub 21 through the second end of the multiple antenna toes 13. The toe unit 11 is also connected to the first end of the second antenna stub 31 through the second end of the selection switch 12. The second end of the first antenna stub 21 is also connected to the feed unit 41.

[0035] When the selection switch 12 is turned on with at least one target antenna intersection 13 among the plurality of antenna intersections 13, the at least one target antenna intersection, together with the first antenna stub 21, the second antenna stub 31 and the feed unit 41, forms a coupled antenna to receive or transmit antenna signals.

[0036] In the field of antenna technology, antenna interleaving refers to arranging multiple antenna elements in a specific way, either cross or intertwined, to enhance signal coverage, improve system performance, reduce signal interference, and increase data transmission speed. The core idea of ​​antenna interleaving is to arrange multiple antenna elements in a cross- or intertwined manner to improve signal reception quality and enhance signal propagation capability. In traditional antenna systems, antenna elements are usually arranged linearly or according to a simple rule. In interleaving structures, multiple antenna elements are interleaved at different angles, positions, or in different ways to form a complex structure, possessing several characteristics such as spatial diversity, multipath propagation utilization, and optimized signal coverage.

[0037] Spatial diversity refers to the ability of interleaved antenna structures to achieve spatial diversity, that is, to receive different versions of the same signal through multiple antennas, thereby reducing the impact of signal attenuation or interference and improving the reliability of the system.

[0038] Multipath propagation utilization refers to the ability of interleaved antennas to effectively receive signals arriving from different paths in a multipath propagation environment, reducing signal fading and distortion caused by multipath effects, thereby enhancing signal stability.

[0039] Optimizing signal coverage refers to how the arrangement of interlaced antennas helps improve signal coverage. Through clever antenna placement, good signal strength can be maintained even in complex propagation environments.

[0040] The advantages of antenna interleaving structures have led to their widespread application in many fields, especially in modern wireless communication and radar systems.

[0041] In addition, the antenna interleaving structure also has several advantages, including strong anti-interference capability, high reliability and anti-fading capability, high data transmission rate, and enhanced system energy.

[0042] Strong anti-interference capability refers to the fact that because interleaved antennas can receive signals from multiple paths, they can effectively cope with the challenges of multipath effects (i.e. signals arrive at the receiver through different paths, resulting in signal interference or fading), thereby reducing signal interference and improving reception quality.

[0043] Strong anti-fading capability refers to the fact that spatial diversity is an important characteristic of interleaved antennas. By placing antennas in different locations, interleaved antennas can receive multiple different versions of signals simultaneously, enhancing signal reliability. In complex environments, interleaved antennas can effectively improve the system's anti-fading capability, especially in environments with strong reflections and interference.

[0044] High data transmission rate refers to the fact that the interleaved antenna design can fully utilize the advantages of multi-antenna systems, spatially distributing and processing signals to significantly improve data transmission rate and system throughput. This characteristic makes it highly valuable in applications requiring high data rates.

[0045] Enhancing system capacity refers to effectively increasing system capacity with limited spectrum resources through interleaving layouts. This is particularly important for wireless and communication systems, enabling them to support more user connections and higher data traffic.

[0046] The feed unit 41 is a crucial component of the radio frequency (RF) system. It is responsible for transmitting RF signals from the transmitting or receiving equipment to the antenna, or receiving signals from the antenna and transmitting them back to the receiving equipment. The main functions of the feed unit 41 are to provide signal input and output, and to transmit RF signals in an appropriate manner. The basic functions of the feed unit mainly include signal feeding, impedance matching, power distribution and regulation, and signal modulation and demodulation, etc., which are not specifically limited here.

[0047] Signal feeding refers to transmitting radio frequency (RF) signals from a signal source to an antenna array, or transmitting signals received by the antenna array back to the receiving device. Impedance matching refers to ensuring impedance matching between the input and output ports of the feed unit 41 and the antenna or other connecting components to minimize signal reflection and maximize energy transmission efficiency. Power distribution and regulation refers to the need for the feed unit 41 to evenly distribute signals across multiple antenna elements in a multi-antenna system, or to adjust power according to system requirements. Signal modulation and demodulation refers to the fact that some advanced feed units 41 are also responsible for modulating or demodulating RF signals to adapt to different communication protocols and technical requirements.

[0048] The structure and composition of the power supply unit 41 may vary depending on its application. The main components of the power supply unit 41 may include a signal source interface, a power distribution network, an impedance distribution network, a phase adjuster, a power supply line, and power supply devices, etc., without specific limitations.

[0049] The signal source interface is the input terminal of the power supply unit 41. It is mainly connected to an external radio frequency signal source or antenna receiving system via a radio frequency cable to receive radio frequency signals from the transmitter or receiver.

[0050] A power distribution network, in a multi-antenna system, is typically required by the feed element 41 to distribute the input RF signal evenly or as needed across multiple antenna elements. Common power distribution networks include dividers, N-way dividers, and reflective dividers, among others. A divider can evenly distribute the signal to two outputs. An N-way divider can evenly distribute the signal to multiple outputs, such as a 4-way divider or an 8-way divider. Reflective dividers are mainly used for precise signal distribution and usually have specific phase control functions.

[0051] Impedance matching circuitry is a matching circuit within the power supply unit 41 that ensures minimal signal reflection during transmission, thereby guaranteeing efficient system operation. This is typically achieved using microstrip lines, printed circuit boards 51, or impedance transformers.

[0052] A phase adjuster is a device that is required in some high-performance antenna systems, such as phased array antennas. The feed unit 41 also needs to include a phase adjuster to adjust the phase of different antenna elements, thereby controlling the direction of the transmitted or received beam.

[0053] The feed line and feed device are conductive paths connecting the feed unit 41 to the antenna array, typically coaxial cables, microstrip lines, or waveguides. In MIMO systems, the feed line needs to transmit signals very efficiently.

[0054] The feed unit 41 plays a crucial role in the radio frequency system and antenna array. It is responsible not only for transmitting signals to or receiving signals from the antenna, but also for ensuring efficient signal transmission, impedance matching, power distribution, and other functions.

[0055] Optionally, the selection switch 12 in the embodiments of this application can be an electronic selection switch 12, a switch matrix, a frequency selection switch 12, a digital control selection switch 12, a power divider, a synthesizer, etc., and no specific limitation is made here.

[0056] Among them, the RF switch in the electronic selection switch 12 is more suitable for antenna applications. Common types of RF switches include single-pole single-throw (SPST) switches and single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switches. SPST switches are typically used for simple switching operations, controlling the on / off state of signals. SPDT switches can switch between two different signal paths and are often used for antenna selection or path switching. Double-pole double-throw (DPDT) switches can control the switching between two signal sources and are suitable for more complex selection operations. Microwave switches are used for switching in the microwave frequency band, selecting signals in different frequency bands or switching signal paths.

[0057] Switching matrices are used for complex selection and switching between multiple signal paths. For example, radio frequency (RF) switching matrices can flexibly switch paths between multiple signal sources and targets based on control signals, making them suitable for signal routing in advanced wireless communication systems.

[0058] Variable capacitor and inductor switches enable frequency selection or signal conditioning. These switches can be used to select between multiple frequencies or channels.

[0059] Digitally controlled selection switches 12 are activated by digital control signals, such as CMOS RF switches. These CMOS RF switches are RF switches made using CMOS technology and feature low power consumption and high-speed switching.

[0060] Power dividers and combiners can be selected based on different signal paths for signal distribution and combination. Power dividers are primarily used to distribute input signals into multiple output paths, while power combiners are primarily used to combine multiple signals into a single path.

[0061] In some embodiments, the selector switch 12 includes a stationary contact and a moving contact. The moving contact of the selector switch 12 is connected to the interdigitated unit 11, and the stationary contact of the selector switch 12 is connected to the second antenna stub 31.

[0062] When the moving contact of the selector switch 12 is connected to at least one target antenna intersection among the plurality of antenna intersections 13 of the intersection unit 11, the at least one target antenna intersection forms a coupled antenna with the first antenna stub 21, the second antenna stub 31 and the feed unit 41 to receive or transmit antenna signals.

[0063] In some embodiments, the selection switch 12 is a single-pole multi-throw (SPMT) switch.

[0064] A single-pole multi-throw (SPMT) switch is a common type of electrical switch. Its function is to select multiple output paths (multi-throw) using a single stationary contact (i.e., "single-pole"). It can be used in various applications such as signal selection, path switching, and circuit control. The structure of a single-pole multi-throw switch typically includes one stationary contact and multiple moving contacts. In this application, the single-pole multi-throw switch allows the stationary contact to connect with multiple moving contacts, switching different circuit paths or signal sources. That is, the internal mechanical or electronic structure of the single-pole multi-throw switch connects the input or output terminal to the selected output or input terminal while simultaneously disconnecting it from other output or input terminals. The single-pole multi-throw switch can be a single-pole three-throw switch, a single-pole four-throw switch, etc., and can be selected according to actual needs; no specific limitations are made here.

[0065] For example, the moving contact of the single-pole multi-throw switch is connected to the toe unit 11, and the stationary contact of the single-pole multi-throw switch is connected to the second antenna stub 31. When the moving contact of the single-pole multi-throw switch is connected to at least one target antenna toe among the plurality of antenna toes 13 of the toe unit 11, the at least one target antenna toe, together with the first antenna stub 21, the second antenna stub 31, and the feed unit 41, forms a coupled antenna to receive or transmit antenna signals.

[0066] In some embodiments, each antenna cross includes a first stub and a second stub, the first stub being connected to a selection switch 12, the second stub being connected to a first antenna stub 21, and the first stub and the second stub being arranged crosswise.

[0067] In some embodiments, in order to make the amount of intersection of each antenna toe different when the selection switch 12 selects different antenna toes, so as to change the coupling amount of the coupled antenna, thereby making the antenna resonant frequency move significantly to a lower frequency, so that the coupled antenna can operate in a wider frequency range, the amount of intersection of the different antenna toes in the plurality of antenna toes 13 can be different or the same, wherein the amount of intersection is the number of branches that are intersected in each antenna toe.

[0068] For example, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2A schematic structural diagram of another coupled antenna provided in an embodiment of this application includes a toe unit 11, a first antenna stub 21, a second antenna stub 31, and a feed unit 41. The toe unit 11 includes a single-pole three-throw switch 14 and three antenna toes (not shown in the figure). These antenna toes include a first antenna toe 151, a second antenna toe 152, and a third antenna toe 153. Each antenna toe includes a first portion of a stub (not shown in the figure) and a second portion of a stub (not shown in the figure). One end of the first section of each antenna toe is connected to the moving contact of the single-pole triple-throw switch 14. That is, the three paths of the single-pole triple-throw switch 14 are respectively connected to the first antenna toe 151, the second antenna toe 152 and the third antenna toe 153. One end of the second section of each antenna toe is connected to the first antenna section 21, and the other end of the first section is intersected with the other end of the second section. In addition, the stationary contact of the single-pole triple-throw switch 14 is connected to the first end of the second antenna section 31.

[0069] In one embodiment, the moving contact of the single-pole triple-throw switch 14 is connected to the first antenna toe 151 of the toe unit 11. At this time, the first antenna toe 151 is working. The first antenna toe 151, together with the first antenna stub 21, the second antenna stub 31 and the feed unit 41, forms a coupled antenna to receive or transmit antenna signals.

[0070] In another scenario, the moving contact of the single-pole triple-throw switch 14 is connected to the second antenna toe 152 of the toe unit 11. At this time, the second antenna toe 152 is working. The second antenna toe 152, together with the first antenna stub 21, the second antenna stub 31 and the feed unit 41, forms a coupled antenna to receive or transmit antenna signals.

[0071] In another scenario, the moving contact of the single-pole triple-throw switch 14 is simultaneously turned on with the first antenna toe 151 and the third antenna toe 153 of the toe unit 11. At this time, the third antenna toe 153 is working, and the first antenna toe 151, the third antenna toe 153, the first antenna stub 21, the second antenna stub 31 and the feed unit 41 form a coupled antenna to receive or transmit antenna signals.

[0072] Similarly, in the coupled antenna provided in this application embodiment, the coupled antenna can adjust the interlacing amount by adjusting the interlacing state according to the different combinations of the working states of the first antenna interlacing 151, the second antenna interlacing 152 and the third antenna interlacing 153, thereby adjusting the antenna resonant frequency and expanding the frequency coverage range of the coupled antenna.

[0073] It is understood that the first antenna toe 151, the second antenna toe 152, and the third antenna toe 153, as well as the single-pole triple-throw switch 14, provided in this embodiment are only one example among many embodiments. In practical applications, more other types of switching devices or similar switching devices can be selected according to the frequency band design of the coupled antenna. Furthermore, to adapt to the frequency band design requirements of the coupled antenna, different antenna toes can be designed to provide different toe amounts to meet the design requirements of the coupled antenna. No specific limitations are made here.

[0074] For example, please refer to further reading Figure 2 Since the interleaving amount of each antenna toe can be the same or different, in the embodiments of this application, the first part of each antenna toe in the first antenna toe 151, the second antenna toe 152, and the third antenna toe 153 is provided with two antenna stubs, and the second part of each antenna toe is also provided with two antenna stubs. The two antenna stubs of the first part of each antenna toe are respectively intersected with the two antenna stubs of the second part of the antenna toe. It can be understood that in order to make the interleaving amount of each antenna different, so as to expand the range of adjustable resonant frequencies of the antenna, the antenna stubs of the second part can also be one, three, four, or five, etc., without specific limitations, and can be selected according to the actual situation. The antenna stubs of the second part can be two, three, four, five, six, seven, or eight, etc., without specific limitations, and can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0075] In some embodiments, in order to save design space and enhance system capacity, a portion of the multiple antenna toes 13 can be designed as a whole, that is, the multiple antenna toes 13 can include multiple third part branches and fourth part branches, each third part branch is connected to the selection switch 12, the fourth part branch is connected to the first antenna branch 21, and the multiple third part branches and fourth part branches are arranged in a cross manner.

[0076] Each third section branch forms an antenna intersection with the fourth section, and the antenna branch of the fourth section is designed as a whole.

[0077] For example, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3The schematic diagram of another coupled antenna provided in this application embodiment includes a toe unit 11, a first antenna stub 21, a second antenna stub 31, and a feed unit 41. The toe unit 11 includes a single-pole triple-throw switch 14 and three antenna toes (not shown in the figure). The three antenna toes include three third-part stubs (not shown in the figure) and a fourth-part stub (not shown in the figure). The three third-part stubs are respectively intersected with the fourth-part stub to form a first antenna toe 151, a second antenna toe 152, and a third antenna toe 153. One end of the three third-part stubs is connected to the moving contact of the single-pole triple-throw switch 14, one end of the fourth-part stub is connected to the first antenna stub 21, and the other end of the three third-part stubs is intersected with the other end of the fourth-part stub. In addition, the stationary contact of the single-pole triple-throw switch 14 is connected to the first end of the second antenna stub 31.

[0078] In one embodiment, the moving contact of the single-pole triple-throw switch 14 is connected to the first antenna toe 151 of the toe unit 11. At this time, the first antenna toe 151 is working. The first antenna toe 151, together with the first antenna stub 21, the second antenna stub 31 and the feed unit 41, forms a coupled antenna to receive or transmit antenna signals.

[0079] In another scenario, the moving contact of the single-pole triple-throw switch 14 is connected to the third antenna toe 153 of the toe unit 11. At this time, the third antenna toe 153 is working. The third antenna toe 153, together with the first antenna stub 21, the second antenna stub 31 and the feed unit 41, forms a coupled antenna to receive or transmit antenna signals.

[0080] In another scenario, when the moving contact of the single-pole triple-throw switch 14 is simultaneously connected to the first antenna junction 151, the second antenna junction 152, and the third antenna junction 153 of the junction unit 11, the first antenna junction 151, the second antenna junction 152, and the third antenna junction 153 operate. The first antenna junction 151, the second antenna junction 152, and the third antenna junction 153, together with the first antenna stub 21, the second antenna stub 31, and the feed unit 41, form a coupled antenna to receive or transmit antenna signals.

[0081] Similarly, in the coupled antenna provided in this application embodiment, the coupled antenna can adjust the interlacing amount by adjusting the interlacing state according to the different combinations of the working states of the first antenna interlacing 151, the second antenna interlacing 152 and the third antenna interlacing 153, thereby adjusting the antenna resonant frequency and expanding the frequency coverage range of the coupled antenna.

[0082] It is understood that the first antenna toe 151, the second antenna toe 152, and the third antenna toe 153, as well as the single-pole triple-throw switch 14, provided in this embodiment are only one example among many embodiments. In practical applications, more other types of switching devices or similar switching devices can be selected according to the frequency band design requirements of the coupled antenna. Furthermore, to adapt to the frequency band design requirements of the coupled antenna, different antenna toes can be designed to provide different toe amounts to meet the design requirements of the coupled antenna. No specific limitations are made here.

[0083] For example, please refer to further reading Figure 3 Since the interleaving amount of each antenna can be the same or different, in this embodiment, the three third parts of the first antenna interleaving 151, the second antenna interleaving 152, and the third antenna interleaving 153 are each provided with two antenna stubs, and the fourth part is provided with seven antenna stubs. The seven antenna stubs of the fourth part are interleaved with the six antenna stubs of the three third parts. It can be understood that in order to make the interleaving amount of each antenna different, thereby expanding the range of adjustable resonant frequencies of the antenna, the antenna stubs of the third part can also be one, three, four, or five, etc., without specific limitations, and can be selected according to the actual situation. The antenna stubs of the fourth part can be three, four, five, six, seven, or eight, etc., without specific limitations, and can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0084] In some embodiments, please refer to further information. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Such as the cross arrangement of the first and second antenna stubs in the multiple antenna toes 13 mentioned above, or the cross arrangement between the third and fourth antenna stubs in the multiple antenna toes 13 mentioned above, wherein there is a gap between any two stubs in each cross arrangement, the multiple gaps in the same antenna toe can be the same, and the multiple gaps in different antenna toes can be different. In this way, as the gaps of the multiple antennas in the antenna toe are different, the coupling amount between different antenna toes can be different, thereby expanding the tuning frequency range that the antenna can be adjusted.

[0085] It is understood that in some embodiments, in order to further flexibly set the range of antenna tuning frequencies, the multiple intervals in the same antenna can also be set differently.

[0086] In some embodiments, please refer to further information. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Each antenna stub at the toe of an antenna is a rectangular stub.

[0087] Optionally, the antenna stub can also be triangular, trapezoidal, or other irregular shapes, thereby changing the range of the antenna tuning frequency.

[0088] Optionally, the size of the stub can also be set according to actual needs, thereby further increasing the range of antenna tuning frequencies.

[0089] In some embodiments, to provide mechanical support for the coupled antenna and ensure the stability and durability of its various components, the coupled antenna also includes a circuit board 51, which can be further described in [reference needed]. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The circuit board 51 is connected to the second end of the second antenna branch 31.

[0090] Optionally, the circuit board 51 may consist of a substrate, a conductive layer, a copper cladding layer, a solder mask layer, a silkscreen layer, a filler material, and a thermally conductive material.

[0091] The substrate is the main supporting structure of the circuit board 51, and is usually made of a material with high strength and good insulation properties. Among them, the substrate material can be epoxy fiberglass board, composite epoxy materials such as CEM-1 / CEM-3, polyimide, and polytetrafluoroethylene, etc., without specific restrictions.

[0092] The conductive layer is mainly used to transmit electrical signals, and it is usually composed of a thin copper film.

[0093] A copper cladding layer is a layer of copper film covering a substrate, typically available in single-sided and double-sided configurations. For a multilayer circuit board 51, the substrate contains multiple copper layers, using inner and outer copper cladding layers.

[0094] The solder mask layer is located on the surface of circuit board 51, and is usually green. Its function is to prevent short circuits during soldering and to prevent solder from covering unwanted areas. The main components of the solder mask layer can be epoxy resin, green solder mask ink, and other colored solder mask layers, etc. There are no specific restrictions here, and the choice can be made according to actual needs.

[0095] The silkscreen layer is a printed layer used for marking, identifying, and symbolizing (such as component locations, text, graphics, etc.) on the circuit board 51. The material of the silkscreen layer is usually white ink, which does not affect electrical performance but is very important for assembling, maintaining, and debugging the circuit board 51.

[0096] Ground and power layers are commonly used in multilayer circuit boards 51. These layers are made of copper and ensure circuit stability and electrical performance. Ground layers help reduce noise and interference, while power layers provide a stable power supply.

[0097] In some multilayer circuit boards 51, there is an additional filler material to maintain the separation between different layers. This filler material can be resin, ceramic, etc., and there are no specific limitations here.

[0098] In addition, in some applications requiring good heat dissipation, circuit board 51 will also use thermally conductive materials to help conduct heat away from the circuit. These thermally conductive materials can be metal substrates, thermally conductive adhesives, or thermally conductive fillers, etc., without specific limitations, and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0099] Based on the aforementioned coupling antenna, embodiments of this application also disclose an electronic device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device disclosed in this application, including an electronic device 20 and any of the above-mentioned coupling antennas 10.

[0100] It should be understood that the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also recognize that the embodiments described in the specification are optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0101] In the various embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the sequence number of each process does not necessarily imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0102] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; they can be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0103] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0104] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three kinds of relationships. For example, object A and / or object B can represent three situations: object A exists alone, object A and object B exist simultaneously, and object B exists alone.

[0105] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0106] The methods disclosed in the several method embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method embodiments.

[0107] The features disclosed in the several product embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new product embodiments.

[0108] The features disclosed in the several method or device embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method or device embodiments.

[0109] The coupled antenna disclosed in the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A coupled antenna, characterized in that, The system includes a cross-toe unit, a first antenna stub, a second antenna stub, and a feed unit. The cross-toe unit includes a selection switch and multiple antenna cross-toes. The selection switch is connected to the multiple antenna cross-toes. The cross-toe unit is connected to the first antenna stub via the multiple antenna cross-toes. The cross-toe unit is connected to the second antenna stub via the selection switch. The first antenna stub is also connected to the feed unit. Wherein: When the selection switch is turned on with at least one target antenna intersection among the plurality of antenna intersections, the at least one target antenna intersection, together with the first antenna stub, the second antenna stub, and the feed unit, forms a coupled antenna to receive or transmit antenna signals.

2. The coupling antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the antenna segments includes a first segment and a second segment, the first segment being connected to the selection switch, the second segment being connected to the first antenna segment, and the first segment and the second segment being intersected.

3. The coupling antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interlacing amounts of the different antenna interlacings in the plurality of antenna interlacings are different or the same, and the interlacing amount is the number of branches that are intersected in each antenna interlacing.

4. The coupling antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of antenna segments include a plurality of third-part branches and a fourth-part branch, each of the third-part branches being connected to the selection switch, the fourth-part branch being connected to the first antenna segment, and the plurality of third-part branches and the fourth-part branch being arranged in an intersecting manner; Each of the third branch segments forms an antenna intersection with the fourth branch segment.

5. The coupling antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, There is a gap between any two branches in the cross configuration, and multiple gaps in the same antenna cross configuration are the same.

6. The coupling antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned branches is a rectangular branch.

7. The coupling antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The selector switch includes a stationary contact and a moving contact. The moving contact of the selector switch is connected to the interdigitated unit, and the stationary contact of the selector switch is connected to the second antenna stub.

8. The coupling antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The selection switch is a single-pole multi-throw switch.

9. The coupled antenna according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The coupling antenna also includes a circuit board, and the second antenna stub is also connected to the circuit board.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the coupled antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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