A flotation device for ore dressing machinery

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of mineral processing machinery technology, and in particular to a flotation device for mineral processing machinery. It includes a body, with a feed pipe connected to the top of the body, a flotation outlet pipe connected to the surface of the body, and a discharge pipe connected to the bottom of the body. A sand valve is installed on the discharge pipe. A support frame is fixedly installed on the top of the body, and a stirring mechanism located inside the body is mounted on the support frame. A controller is fixedly installed at the top of the body. The stirring mechanism includes a stirring assembly, with an air jet assembly inserted through the middle of the stirring assembly. This flotation device for mineral processing machinery, through the synergistic design of a built-in central air guide pipe and axially layered blades, enables the gas to be efficiently and in-situ broken into microbubbles in the high-shear zone of the short blades, improving mineralization efficiency. The long blades and large-circulation anti-settling tank, along with the middle blades guiding the foam to float, result in a clear division of flow fields and uniform mixing, significantly improving flotation efficiency and concentrate grade while reducing energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mineral processing machinery technology, and in particular to a flotation device for mineral processing machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Flotation, as the core technology for separating valuable minerals from gangue minerals in modern mineral processing industry, directly determines the economic benefits of mineral processing plants through its efficiency and selectivity. Traditional mechanically agitated flotation machines typically employ independent air ducts on the sidewalls or bottom of the tank, introducing external compressed air into the slurry via venturi tubes or microporous diffusers, or relying on the negative pressure generated by impeller rotation to draw air from above the liquid surface. However, this design has significant drawbacks: First, the external air supply pipeline is complex, and the gas entry point is often far from the strongest shear zone generated by agitation, resulting in uneven bubble dispersion in the slurry and the formation of excessively large or small bubbles, severely affecting the effective collision and adhesion probability between mineral particles and bubbles. Second, conventional single-layer or uniformly sized blade designs struggle to simultaneously accommodate the large-scale circulation of the slurry (to prevent settling) and the high-intensity shear in localized areas (for efficient bubble dispersion and mineralization promotion), leading to mixing "dead zones" within the tank and limiting flotation efficiency. Furthermore, the gas, liquid, and solid phases are relatively separated during mixing, failing to achieve an integrated and efficient process of "simultaneous air supply, shearing, and mixing," often requiring higher agitation speeds and energy consumption to compensate for insufficient mixing. Therefore, we propose a flotation device for mineral processing machinery. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a flotation device for mineral processing machinery, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A flotation device for mineral processing machinery includes a body, a feed pipe connected to the top of the body, a flotation outlet pipe connected to the surface of the body, a discharge pipe connected to the bottom of the body, a sand valve installed on the discharge pipe, a support frame fixedly installed on the top of the body, an agitation mechanism located inside the body on the support frame, and a controller fixedly installed at the upper end of the body.

[0006] The stirring mechanism includes a stirring assembly, which is fixedly mounted on a support frame and movably connected to the lower part of the machine body. An air jet assembly is inserted and connected to the middle of the stirring assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the stirring assembly includes a drive motor fixedly installed on the upper end of the support frame, a drive gear fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor and located in the support frame, and a stirring rod movably inserted and connected to the machine body through a bearing and coaxially arranged with the machine body. The upper end of the stirring rod is fixedly connected to a transmission gear, and the transmission gear meshes with the drive gear. The outer surface of the stirring rod is symmetrically connected with blade sets, and the blade sets include a medium blade layer, a short blade layer, and a long blade layer.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving motor drives the driving gear, which in turn drives the stirring rod to rotate inside the machine body through meshing with the transmission gear, thus achieving stable power transmission and stirring function, resulting in a compact and reliable structure.

[0009] Preferably, the middle blade layer includes a first radial blade fixedly connected to the stirring rod, and one end of the first radial blade is integrally formed with a first backward-curved blade.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, which uses a structure in which the first radial blade and the first backward-curved blade are integrally formed, the functions of local shear mixing and guiding mineralized bubbles to move upward are taken into account, thus optimizing the flow field in the middle and upper regions.

[0011] Preferably, the long blade layer includes a second radial blade fixedly connected to the stirring rod, and one end of the second radial blade is integrally formed with a second backward-curved blade.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution: using a structure in which the second radial blade and the second backward-curved blade are integrally formed, the large-sized backward-curved blade generates a strong downward suction force and circulating flow, effectively preventing the slurry from settling in the tank.

[0013] Preferably, the lengths of the second radial blade, the short blade layer, and the first radial blade are equal, the length of the second backward-curved blade is greater than the length of the first backward-curved blade, and the angle between the second backward-curved blade and the second radial blade is greater than the angle between the first backward-curved blade and the first radial blade.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, and by making the radial blades of the long, medium and short layers equal in length, and by setting the backbend of the long blade layer to be longer and with a larger backbend angle, functional hierarchy is achieved: the short blades focus on strong shear, the long blades emphasize strong circulation, and the medium blades are centrally coordinated, resulting in a clear division of labor in the flow field.

[0015] Preferably, the jet assembly includes a central air guide pipe, which is inserted into and coaxially arranged within the stirring rod. The upper end of the central air guide pipe passes through the support frame and is provided with a connector. The central air guide pipe and the support frame are movably connected by a bearing. Multiple air distribution pipes are symmetrically connected to the central air guide pipe, and each of the multiple air distribution pipes is connected to a Venturi nozzle.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the central gas guide tube is built in and coaxially inserted into the stirring rod. It is connected to the gas source through the connector. The gas distribution tube and Venturi nozzle realize the efficient injection and distribution of gas. The structure has a high degree of integration and a short gas supply path.

[0017] Preferably, the air distribution pipe is located within the short blade layer region and is distributed perpendicularly to the short blade layer.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the air distribution pipe is set in the short blade layer area and distributed perpendicularly to it, ensuring that the ejected high-speed airflow can vertically impact the high-speed rotating short blades, and using the strongest shear force field to achieve instantaneous and efficient breakup and fine dispersion of bubbles.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. By embedding the central air guide pipe of the jet assembly inside and penetrating the agitator rod, compressed air can be directly and precisely delivered to the "heart" of the impeller system. More importantly, the symmetrically distributed air distribution pipes and their venturi nozzles at the ends are designed to correspond to the middle layer of short blades, and the air distribution direction is perpendicular to the blade movement direction. This design allows the high-speed jet of air to directly impact the high-speed rotating short blades. Due to its shorter radial length, the short blade layer can generate linear velocity and shear rate far exceeding that of long blades in a local space during rotation. This "strong airflow jet" The direct, vertical collision with the "high shear field" generates extremely violent impact and shearing effects, which can instantly break, stretch, and tear the airflow, efficiently generating a large number of small, uniformly distributed, and highly stable microbubbles. These high-quality bubbles are located in the region of most intense slurry mixing at the moment of their generation, greatly increasing the collision frequency and effective adhesion probability with hydrophobic mineral particles. This fundamentally optimizes the mass transfer dynamics of the flotation process, significantly improves the recovery rate of useful minerals and the grade of concentrate, and solves the core pain points of poor bubble generation quality and uneven distribution in traditional equipment.

[0021] 2. An innovative axially layered multi-stage blade structure is adopted, achieving refined division of labor and synergy in the stirring function. The bottommost long blade layer, with its large second backward-curved blades having a significant backward-curving angle and long length, primarily undertakes the task of powerfully sucking the slurry from the bottom of the tank, forming a strong downward circulation flow. This effectively prevents the settling of heavy mineral particles and ensures uniform slurry concentration and reagent distribution throughout the tank, providing a stable "basic flow field" for flotation. The middle-upper blade layer, with its first backward-curved blades, mainly plays a guiding role, efficiently lifting the mineralized bubble clusters upward to the liquid surface, forming a stable foam layer for easy discharge. The short blade layer in between focuses on the core tasks of "foaming" and "mineralization." This "bottom suction (long blades) - middle reaction (short blades) -" The clear flow field structure of the "upper lift (middle blade)" avoids the drawbacks of functional interference in the traditional single-layer blade design, allowing each blade to perform at its optimal efficiency in the most suitable position. The optimized flow field not only reduces ineffective turbulence and energy loss and lowers the stirring energy consumption required to maintain effective circulation, but also makes the fluid dynamic environment in the entire tank more stable and controllable, reduces non-selective entrainment of mineral particles, and further improves the selectivity of flotation and the reliability of equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a flotation device for mineral processing machinery according to this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stirring mechanism of a flotation device for mineral processing machinery according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the blade assembly of a flotation device for mineral processing machinery according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air jet assembly of a flotation equipment for mineral processing machinery according to this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 2. Feed pipe; 3. Float outlet pipe; 4. Support frame; 5. Agitator; 6. Controller; 7. Agitator assembly; 71. Drive motor; 72. Drive gear; 73. Agitator rod; 74. Transmission gear; 75. Middle blade layer; 751. First radial blade; 752. First backward-curved blade; 76. Short blade layer; 77. Long blade layer; 771. Second radial blade; 772. Second backward-curved blade; 8. Jet assembly; 81. Central air guide pipe; 82. Air distribution pipe; 83. Venturi nozzle; 84. Connector; 9. Discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," and "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0031] A flotation device for mineral processing machinery includes a body 1, a feed pipe 2 connected to the top of the body 1, a flotation outlet pipe 3 connected to the surface of the body 1, a discharge pipe 9 connected to the bottom of the body 1, a sand valve installed on the discharge pipe 9, a support frame 4 fixedly installed on the top of the body 1, an agitation mechanism 5 located inside the body 1 on the support frame 4, and a controller 6 fixedly installed at the upper end of the body 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, the stirring mechanism 5 includes a stirring assembly 7, which is fixedly mounted on the support frame 4 and movably connected to the lower part of the machine body 1. An air jet assembly 8 is inserted through the middle of the stirring assembly 7. The stirring assembly 7 includes a drive motor 71 fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support frame 4, a drive gear 72 fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 71 and located within the support frame 4, and a stirring rod 73 movably inserted through the machine body 1 via a bearing and coaxially arranged with the machine body 1. A transmission gear 74 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the stirring rod 73, and the transmission gear 74 meshes with the drive gear 72. A blade assembly is symmetrically connected to the outer surface of the stirring rod 73, and the blade assembly includes a middle blade layer 75, a short blade layer 76, and a long blade layer 77. The blade layer 75 includes a first radial blade 751 fixedly connected to the stirring rod 73, and a first backward-curved blade 752 integrally formed at one end of the first radial blade 751; the long blade layer 77 includes a second radial blade 771 fixedly connected to the stirring rod 73, and a second backward-curved blade 772 integrally formed at one end of the second radial blade 771; the lengths of the second radial blade 771, the short blade layer 76, and the first radial blade 751 are equal, the length of the second backward-curved blade 772 is greater than the length of the first backward-curved blade 752, and the angle between the second backward-curved blade 772 and the second radial blade 771 is greater than the angle between the first backward-curved blade 752 and the first radial blade 751.

[0033] Through the above scheme, an innovative axially layered multi-stage blade structure is adopted, realizing a refined division of labor and synergy in the stirring function. The bottommost long blade layer 77, with its large second backward-curved blades 772 having a significant backward-curving angle and long length, primarily undertakes the task of powerfully sucking the slurry from the bottom of the tank, forming a strong downward circulation flow. This effectively prevents the settling of heavy mineral particles and ensures uniform slurry concentration and reagent distribution throughout the tank, providing a stable "basic flow field" for flotation. The middle blade layer 75, located in the upper middle layer, with its first backward-curved blades 752, mainly plays a guiding role, efficiently lifting the mineralized bubble clusters upward to the liquid surface, forming a stable foam layer for easy discharge. The short blade layer 76, located between the two, focuses on the core tasks of "foaming" and "mineralization." This "bottom suction long blade - middle reaction short blade -..." The clear flow field structure of "upper-lifting middle blade" avoids the drawbacks of functional interference in traditional single-layer blade design, allowing each blade to perform at its optimal efficiency in the most suitable position. The optimized flow field not only reduces ineffective turbulence and energy loss and lowers the stirring energy consumption required to maintain effective circulation, but also makes the fluid dynamic environment in the entire tank more stable and controllable, reduces non-selective entrainment of mineral particles, and further improves the selectivity of flotation and the reliability of equipment operation.

[0034] In this embodiment, the jet assembly 8 includes a central air guide pipe 81, which is inserted into and coaxially arranged within the stirring rod 73. The upper end of the central air guide pipe 81 passes through the support frame 4 and is provided with a connector 84. The central air guide pipe 81 and the support frame 4 are movably connected by a bearing. Multiple air distribution pipes 82 are symmetrically connected to the central air guide pipe 81, and each of the multiple air distribution pipes 82 is connected to a Venturi nozzle 83. The air distribution pipes 82 are located in the area of ​​the short blade layer 76 and are distributed perpendicularly to the short blade layer 76.

[0035] Through the above scheme, by embedding the central air guide pipe 81 of the jet assembly 8 inside and penetrating the stirring rod 73, compressed air can be directly and accurately delivered to the "heart" of the impeller system. More importantly, the symmetrically distributed air distribution pipes 82 and their venturi nozzles 83 at their ends are designed to correspond to the middle layer of short blades 76, and the air distribution direction is perpendicular to the blade movement direction. This design allows the high-speed jet of air to directly impact the high-speed rotating short blades. Due to its shorter radial length, the short blade layer 76 can generate a linear velocity and shear rate in a local space that far exceeds that of long blades when rotating. The direct, vertical collision between this "strong airflow jet" and the "high shear field" generates extremely intense impact and shearing effects, which can instantly break, stretch, and tear the airflow, efficiently generating a large number of tiny, uniformly distributed, and highly stable microbubbles. These high-quality bubbles are located in the region of most intense slurry mixing at the moment of their generation, greatly increasing the collision frequency and effective adhesion probability with hydrophobic mineral particles. This fundamentally optimizes the mass transfer dynamics of the flotation process, significantly improves the recovery rate of useful minerals and the grade of concentrate, and solves the core pain points of poor bubble generation quality and uneven distribution in traditional equipment.

[0036] It should be noted that this utility model is a flotation device for mineral processing machinery. During use, the slurry to be processed is continuously injected into the machine body 1 through the feed pipe 2. At the same time, appropriate flotation reagents, such as collectors and frothers, are added according to process requirements. The reagents and slurry are initially mixed in the machine body 1. The controller 6 starts the drive motor 71, which drives the drive gear 72 at its output end to rotate. The drive gear 72 meshes with the transmission gear 74 fixed on the upper end of the stirring rod 73, thereby transmitting power to the stirring rod 73, causing it to rotate at high speed under the support of the bearing. The rotating stirring rod 73 drives the blade assembly on it to rotate synchronously. The long blade layer 77 at the bottom layer rotates synchronously. The second radial blade 771 and the second backward-curved blade 772 generate strong radial and axial flows. In particular, the significant backward-curved angle and longer length of the second backward-curved blade 772 enable it to efficiently draw slurry from the bottom of the machine body 1, forming a strong downward circulating flow. This effectively prevents ore sand from settling at the bottom and ensures uniform suspension of the slurry within the tank. Compressed air enters the central air guide pipe 81 through the connector 84 and is transported downwards along its internal channels. The central air guide pipe 81 is coaxial with the stirring rod 73 and is movably connected via bearings, ensuring stable gas delivery and free rotation of the stirring rod. After reaching the predetermined position, the compressed air flows out through the symmetrically distributed air distribution pipes 82 and is accelerated and ejected via the Venturi nozzle 83. The Venturi nozzle 83 utilizes the fluid entrainment principle to further... A small amount of air is drawn in or the airflow velocity is increased to form a high-speed airflow jet. This high-speed airflow jet is directed directly at the short blade layer 76 located in the middle layer. The blades of the short blade layer 76 have a short radial length, which allows them to generate extremely high linear velocity and shear rate in a local area when rotating. At the same time, the air distribution pipe 82 is perpendicular to the blade group, ensuring that the jet of airflow can impact the high-speed rotating short blade layer 76 perpendicularly. This strong "impact-shear" action instantly breaks, stretches, and tears the high-speed airflow, efficiently generating a large number of small, uniformly distributed microbubbles. This is a key step in achieving efficient flotation. Under the strong circulating flow formed by the long blade layer 77, the slurry drawn up and the microbubbles generated near the short blade layer 76 are then dispersed in the middle blade layer 75. The fluid undergoes thorough mixing and collision in the area and surrounding area. The first radial blade 751 of the middle blade layer 75 provides auxiliary shearing and mixing, while its integrally formed first backward-curved blade 752 mainly guides the fluid upward. Hydrophobic useful mineral particles selectively adhere to the microbubbles to form mineralized bubbles. Subsequently, under the action of water flow and buoyancy, the mineralized bubbles are lifted to the foam layer at the top of the body 1 by the upward flow field generated by the upper middle blade layer 75 and long blade layer 77. The foam layer floating on the liquid surface flows out of the body 1 through the ore discharge pipe 3. The gangue minerals that fail to float and the unreacted mineral particles are discharged as tailings from the ore discharge pipe 9 at the bottom of the body 1. The discharge volume is precisely controlled by adjusting the opening of the sand valve.

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flotation device for mineral processing machinery, comprising a body (1), characterized in that: The top of the machine body (1) is connected to a feed pipe (2), the surface of the machine body (1) is connected to a floating ore outlet pipe (3), the bottom of the machine body (1) is connected to a discharge pipe (9), a sand valve is installed on the discharge pipe (9), a support frame (4) is fixedly installed on the top of the machine body (1), a stirring mechanism (5) located inside the machine body (1) is provided on the support frame (4), and a controller (6) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the machine body (1). The stirring mechanism (5) includes a stirring assembly (7), which is fixedly installed on the support frame (4) and its lower part is movably connected inside the body (1). A jet assembly (8) is inserted and connected in the middle of the stirring assembly (7).

2. The flotation equipment for mineral processing machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring assembly (7) includes a drive motor (71) fixedly installed on the upper end of the support frame (4), a drive gear (72) fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (71) and located in the support frame (4), and a stirring rod (73) movably inserted and connected to the machine body (1) and coaxially arranged with the machine body (1) through a bearing. The upper end of the stirring rod (73) is fixedly connected to a transmission gear (74), and the transmission gear (74) meshes with the drive gear (72). The outer surface of the stirring rod (73) is symmetrically connected with a blade group, which includes a middle blade layer (75), a short blade layer (76), and a long blade layer (77).

3. The flotation equipment for mineral processing machinery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The middle blade layer (75) includes a first radial blade (751) fixedly connected to the stirring rod (73), and one end of the first radial blade (751) is integrally formed with a first backward-curved blade (752).

4. The flotation equipment for mineral processing machinery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The long blade layer (77) includes a second radial blade (771) fixedly connected to the stirring rod (73), and a second backward-curved blade (772) is integrally formed at one end of the second radial blade (771).

5. The flotation equipment for mineral processing machinery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second radial blade (771), the short blade layer (76), and the first radial blade (751) are of equal length. The second backward-curved blade (772) is longer than the first backward-curved blade (752), and the angle between the second backward-curved blade (772) and the second radial blade (771) is greater than the angle between the first backward-curved blade (752) and the first radial blade (751).

6. The flotation equipment for mineral processing machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jet assembly (8) includes a central air guide pipe (81), which is inserted into the stirring rod (73) and coaxially arranged with the stirring rod (73). The upper end of the central air guide pipe (81) passes through the support frame (4) and is provided with a connector (84). The central air guide pipe (81) and the support frame (4) are movably connected by a bearing. Multiple air distribution pipes (82) are symmetrically connected to the central air guide pipe (81), and each of the multiple air distribution pipes (82) is connected to a Venturi nozzle (83).

7. A flotation device for mineral processing machinery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air distribution pipe (82) is located in the area of ​​the short blade layer (76) and is distributed perpendicularly to the short blade layer (76).

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