Auxiliary device for axle machining

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of axle machining technology, specifically disclosing an auxiliary device for axle machining, including a lathe body, a guide rail, a movable seat, and a clamping mechanism. The guide rail is set on the lathe body, and the movable seat can move left and right along the guide rail for positioning. The clamping mechanism is installed on the movable seat to support and clamp the right end of the axle. The clamping mechanism includes a guide seat, a clamping block, and a drive mechanism. The clamping block has a clamping groove on one side opposite to the guide rail, and a guide roller is set in the clamping groove. The guide roller is supported by a rotating bracket and fixed by a locking screw. The lower end of the clamping block has a locking block, which is slidably installed in conjunction with the guide groove on the guide seat. The drive mechanism uses a motor to drive a bidirectional lead screw to rotate, so that the two clamping blocks clamp the axle synchronously. The movable seat is fixed on the guide rail by an upper slider, a lower slider, and a tensioning screw, and is provided with a guide block and a slot limiting structure. This device has a stable structure and high clamping accuracy, which can effectively improve the support reliability and turning accuracy during axle machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mechanical processing equipment technology, and specifically relates to an auxiliary device for machining axles. Background Technology

[0002] Turning is one of the most commonly used machining processes in machining, and it is widely used for surface finishing of shaft parts. As a key load-bearing and transmission component of a vehicle, the axle requires high accuracy in its outer diameter and coaxiality. Therefore, stable and reliable clamping and support methods are needed during the turning process. Typically, one end of the axle is clamped and fixed by a three-jaw chuck, while the other end needs to be supported by an auxiliary device to prevent runout, wobble, or vibration during machining, which would affect machining accuracy and surface quality.

[0003] Existing axle auxiliary support devices generally use fixed or simple adjustable brackets for support, but they still have certain shortcomings in practical use. On the one hand, the adjustment process of some auxiliary support structures is cumbersome, the positioning efficiency is low, and it is not easy to achieve coaxial alignment with the lathe spindle, which can easily lead to misalignment of the axle. On the other hand, during the turning process, the support components often use fixed sliding sleeves or ordinary rollers, which have poor guiding performance and cannot effectively cooperate with the rotational movement of the axle, which can easily lead to unstable support or high friction, affecting the turning quality and even causing safety hazards. In addition, if the clamping structure of the support device itself lacks a locking function, it is also easy for the position to shift during use, reducing machining stability. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an auxiliary device for axle turning, which can realize rapid positioning and clamping, stable support and rotation, and has adjustable guiding function. This overcomes the technical problems of poor clamping, unstable support and poor guidance in the prior art, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of turning.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An auxiliary device for machining axles includes a lathe body, a guide rail installed in the lathe body, and an axle clamped in a three-jaw chuck. A movable seat that can be adjusted left and right is installed near the right end of the guide rail, and a clamping mechanism for clamping the right end of the axle is fixed on the movable seat.

[0007] The clamping mechanism includes a guide seat, on the upper surface of which are mounted two clamping blocks, and a drive mechanism for driving the two clamping blocks to move relative to each other is also mounted on the guide seat.

[0008] Each of the two clamping blocks has a clamping groove on its opposite side, and several evenly distributed guide rollers are installed on the inner side of the clamping groove.

[0009] Furthermore, a T-shaped locking block is fixed to the lower end of the clamping block, and a longitudinal guide groove is provided on the upper surface of the guide seat.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner side of the clamping groove is provided with several evenly distributed clamping slots, and the inner side of the clamping slots is fitted with a rotating bracket for fixing and supporting the guide roller.

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the mounting slot is connected to the outside, and a locking screw is threaded at the port where the mounting slot is connected to the outside. The bottom of the inner side of the mounting slot and the bottom of the rotating bracket are both provided with half threaded holes that cooperate with the locking screw.

[0012] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes fixed plates on the front and rear sides of the guide seat and a bidirectional lead screw set in the guide groove. The bidirectional lead screw is threaded through the front and rear locking blocks, and the two ends of the bidirectional lead screw are respectively mounted on the fixed plates on both sides. A drive motor for driving the bidirectional lead screw to rotate is fixed on the outside of one side of the fixed plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable seat includes an upper slider that is locked on the upper side of the guide rail and a lower slider that is locked in the middle groove of the guide rail. A tensioning screw is inserted through the upper slider to pull the lower slider upward.

[0014] Furthermore, guide blocks are fixed on the upper side of the lower slider near both the left and right ends, and guide slots that cooperate with the guide blocks are opened on the lower side of the upper slider.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This invention solves the problems of difficult positioning and low clamping efficiency of the support device when the axle length is not uniform by setting a guide rail on the lathe body and setting an adjustable movable seat at the right end of the guide rail.

[0017] This utility model sets up a clamping mechanism on the movable seat and uses a pair of clamping blocks to clamp the right end of the axle. At the same time, the guide groove of the guide seat and the T-shaped block at the lower end of the clamping block are precisely matched to keep the clamping block moving smoothly and symmetrically, which improves the stability of the axle clamping and solves the technical problems of clamping block offset and uneven clamping force in the existing technology.

[0018] This invention solves the problems of unstable turning and axle runout caused by high friction in traditional support structures by setting a clamping groove in the clamping block and evenly arranging guide rollers in the clamping groove. The guide rollers can roll freely through the rotating bracket to support the rotation of the axle, which effectively reduces the frictional resistance during the turning process, improves the smoothness of rotation, and solves the problems of unstable turning and axle runout caused by high friction in traditional support structures.

[0019] This invention features a clamping groove within the clamping slot, allowing the rotating bracket to be embedded and fixed externally with locking screws. This ensures that the guide roller will not loosen or shift during high-speed operation, improving the safety and reliability of the clamping mechanism during turning and solving the problem of support failure caused by guide roller loosening in existing technologies.

[0020] This utility model adopts a bidirectional lead screw structure. The lead screw is driven by a motor to rotate, so that the two clamping blocks can clamp and release synchronously, which improves the clamping adjustment efficiency and clamping accuracy. It solves the problems of asynchronous movement of clamping blocks and unreliable clamping in the prior art, and meets the requirements for precise positioning of the support end during axle processing.

[0021] This invention uses an upper and lower slider on a guide rail, along with a tensioning screw, to achieve clamping and fixing. The interlocking structure of the guide block and the guide slot restricts the displacement between the sliders, effectively preventing the clamping device from slipping or loosening during turning. This solves the problem that traditional auxiliary support structures cannot lock stably, leading to support displacement, thereby improving the overall machining accuracy and operational stability of the machine. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping block of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the engagement state of the clamping block and the guide roller of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation state between the movable base and the guide rail of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0029] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0030] 1. Lathe body; 2. Axle; 3. Clamping mechanism; 31. Clamping block; 311. Clamping groove; 312. Guide roller; 313. Clamping block; 314. Rotating bracket; 315. Clamping slot; 316. Locking screw; 32. Guide seat; 33. Drive mechanism; 331. Drive motor; 332. Double-acting lead screw; 333. Fixing plate; 4. Guide rail; 5. Moving seat; 51. Upper slide block; 52. Tensioning screw; 53. Lower slide block; 54. Guide block. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of this utility model and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by this utility model.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an auxiliary device for axle turning includes a lathe body 1, a guide rail 4 installed inside the lathe body 1, and an axle 2 clamped in a three-jaw chuck. A movable seat 5, adjustable for left and right position, is installed near the right end of the guide rail 4. A clamping mechanism 3 for holding the right end of the axle 2 is fixed on the movable seat 5. The lathe body 1 serves as an integral support structure for mounting the guide rail 4 and other components. The guide rail 4 employs a precision guide rail structure and has matching guide grooves to ensure smooth movement of the movable seat 5. The movable seat 5 can be adjusted to move left and right along the guide rail 4 to accommodate axles 2 of different lengths, facilitating quick alignment of the right end of the axle 2 by the clamping mechanism 3. The clamping mechanism 3 is located above the movable seat 5 and provides rolling guide support during the turning process of the axle 2, solving the problems of unstable support and poor clamping accuracy in traditional auxiliary support structures.

[0033] The clamping mechanism 3 includes a guide seat 32, on the upper surface of which are mounted two clamping blocks 31. A drive mechanism 33 is also mounted on the guide seat 32 to drive the two clamping blocks 31 to move relative to each other. The guide seat 32 has an overall elongated structure, with its bottom rigidly connected to the movable seat 5. The upper surface has mounting positions symmetrically arranged along the front-back direction to fix the clamping blocks 31. The two clamping blocks 31 slide with the guide groove on the guide seat 32 through a T-shaped locking block 313, ensuring that the clamping blocks 31 maintain linear synchronous movement during the clamping of the axle 2, further improving the clamping accuracy. The drive mechanism 33 is installed on the front and rear sides of the guide seat 32 to drive the clamping blocks 31 to move relative to each other along the direction of the guide groove, clamping or releasing the axle 2 through mechanical transmission, thereby achieving rapid response and stable control of the clamping mechanism.

[0034] Each of the two clamping blocks 31 has a clamping groove 311 on its opposite side, and several evenly distributed guide rollers 312 are installed on the inner side of the clamping groove 311. The clamping block 31 is machined as a single piece, and the clamping groove 311 is a semi-circular groove that fits the outer diameter profile of the axle 2. The guide rollers 312 are cylindrical rollers and are spaced apart on the inner wall of the clamping groove 311 to provide low-friction rolling support when the axle 2 is rotated for machining. The multi-point rolling support effectively reduces the radial runout and frictional resistance during the machining process of the axle, thereby significantly improving the machining accuracy and turning stability. The clamping groove 311 adopts a recessed structure, which is conducive to the embedded installation of the guide rollers 312 and subsequent replacement and maintenance.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a T-shaped locking block 313 is fixed to the lower end of the clamping block 31, and a longitudinal guide groove is provided on the upper surface of the guide seat 32. The locking block 313 is firmly connected to the lower part of the clamping block 31 by bolts. The cross-section of the locking block 313 is a T-shaped structure, which is used to insert into the "T"-shaped guide groove provided on the upper surface of the guide seat 32. Through the sliding cooperation between the locking block 313 and the guide groove, the clamping block 31 achieves a precise linear motion trajectory on the guide seat 32. This structure ensures rigid guidance during the movement of the clamping block 31, avoids offset or jamming during clamping, and thus improves the overall operational stability of the clamping device.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the inner side of the clamping groove 311 is provided with several evenly distributed mounting slots 315. The inner side of the mounting slots 315 is fitted with a rotating bracket 314 for fixing and supporting the guide roller 312. The mounting slots 315 are arranged at equal intervals and penetrate the inner wall of the clamping groove 311 to provide a positioning and installation position for the rotating bracket 314. The rotating bracket 314 has a U-shaped concave frame structure with bearing holes at both ends, and the rotating shaft of the guide roller 312 is embedded to realize the free rotation support of the guide roller 312. This bracket structure facilitates the quick assembly, replacement and maintenance of the guide roller 312, and ensures the structural stability and reliability during the turning support process through fixed fit.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, one end of the clamping groove 315 is connected to the outside, and a locking screw 316 is threadedly installed at the port of the clamping groove 315 connected to the outside. The bottom of the inner side of the clamping groove 315 and the bottom of the rotating bracket 314 are both provided with a half threaded hole that mates with the locking screw 316. The locking screw 316 is used to pass through the threaded hole of the clamping groove 315 and tighten it inward, so that the end of the screw is inserted into the mating hole at the bottom of the rotating bracket 314, thereby locking and fixing the rotating bracket 314. Through this tight fit, the loosening or falling off of the guide roller 312 during the working process is effectively avoided, and the safety and durability of the overall clamping mechanism during the turning process are improved.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, the drive mechanism 33 includes a fixed plate 333 fixed on the front and rear sides of the guide seat 32 and a bidirectional lead screw 332 set in the guide groove. The bidirectional lead screw 332 is threaded through the front and rear clamping blocks 313, and the two ends of the bidirectional lead screw 332 are respectively mounted on the fixed plates 333 on both sides. A drive motor 331 for driving the bidirectional lead screw 332 to rotate is fixed on the outside of one fixed plate 333. The fixed plate 333 is fixedly connected to the guide seat 32 with bolts to support the bearing mounting positions at both ends of the bidirectional lead screw 332. The bidirectional lead screw 332 is arranged with bidirectional threads on both sides and mates with the threaded holes on the two clamping blocks 313 respectively. The drive motor 331 drives the bidirectional lead screw 332 to rotate, so that the two clamping blocks 31 can move synchronously towards each other or away from each other. This structure can realize the precise adjustment of the clamping blocks 31, adapt to axles 2 of different diameters, improve clamping efficiency, and solve the problems of uneven movement of clamping blocks and uneven distribution of clamping force in traditional structures.

[0039] like Figure 6 As shown, the movable seat 5 includes an upper slider 51 that is locked on the upper side of the guide rail 4 and a lower slider 53 that is locked in the middle groove of the guide rail 4. A tensioning screw 52 is inserted through the upper slider 51 to pull the lower slider 53 upward. The upper slider 51 is a block structure that slides with the upper surface of the guide rail 4. The lower slider 53 is set in the middle groove of the guide rail 4 to provide vertical limiting support. The tensioning screw 52 passes through the upper slider 51 and extends into the lower slider 53. After being threaded, the lower slider 53 is pulled upward by tightening, so that the upper and lower sliders are clamped by the guide rail, realizing the locking and positioning of the movable seat 5 on the guide rail 4. This structure overcomes the problem that the support device cannot be stably fixed in the prior art and effectively improves the positioning reliability of the support mechanism in the turning process.

[0040] like Figure 7 As shown, guide blocks 54 are fixed on the upper side of the lower slider 53 near both the left and right ends, and guide slots that cooperate with the guide blocks 54 are provided on the lower side of the upper slider 51. The guide blocks 54 are block-shaped protrusions that are fixed to the top of the left and right ends of the lower slider 53 by bolts, and are used to slide and fit into the guide slots at the bottom of the upper slider 51. This block slot structure restricts the lateral displacement between the upper and lower sliders, and enhances the stability of the structural fit, preventing loosening or misalignment during processing vibration, thereby effectively improving the anti-interference ability and overall machine running accuracy when the axle is clamped.

[0041] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: When machining the axle 2, one end of it is clamped on the three-jaw chuck, and then the tension screw 52 is loosened. At this time, the entire moving seat 5 together with the clamping mechanism 3 is moved to the left so that the right end of the axle 2 is between the two clamping blocks 31. Then the tension screw 52 is tightened. At this time, the tension screw 52 pulls the lower slider 53 upward, thereby pressing the upper slider 51 downward. The upper slider 51 and the lower slider 53 are clamped on the guide rail 4 to lock and fix the position.

[0042] Then, the drive motor 331 is controlled to drive the bidirectional lead screw 332 to rotate. The rotating bidirectional lead screw 332 drives the two clamping blocks 31 to move relative to each other. The two clamping blocks 31 use the clamping groove 311 and the guide roller 312 in the clamping groove 311 to clamp the axle 2 in the middle, thereby completing the support for the right end of the axle 2. During the turning process, the clamping blocks 31 use the rolling guide roller 312 to provide rotational support for the axle 2 during turning, thereby better meeting the anti-jump support for the axle 2 during turning.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented using conventional methods in the field.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for machining axles, comprising a lathe body (1), a guide rail (4) installed inside the lathe body (1), and an axle (2) clamped in a three-jaw chuck, characterized in that: The guide rail (4) is equipped with a movable seat (5) that can be adjusted left and right at the right end. The movable seat (5) is fixed with a clamping mechanism (3) that clamps the right end of the axle (2). The clamping mechanism (3) includes a guide seat (32), on the upper surface of the guide seat (32) are two clamping blocks (31) installed in front and behind, and a driving mechanism (33) for driving the two clamping blocks (31) to move relative to each other is also installed on the guide seat (32). Each of the two clamping blocks (31) has a clamping groove (311) on its opposite side, and a number of evenly distributed guide rollers (312) are installed on the inner side of the clamping groove (311).

2. The auxiliary device for axle machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the clamping block (31) is fixed with a T-shaped card block (313), and the upper surface of the guide seat (32) is provided with a longitudinal guide groove.

3. The auxiliary device for axle machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side of the clamping groove (311) is provided with a number of evenly distributed clamping grooves (315), and the inner side of the clamping groove (315) is fitted with a rotating bracket (314) for fixing and supporting the guide roller (312).

4. The auxiliary device for axle machining according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the mounting slot (315) is connected to the outside, and a locking screw (316) is threadedly installed at the port where the mounting slot (315) is connected to the outside. The bottom of the inner side of the mounting slot (315) and the bottom of the rotating bracket (314) are both provided with a half threaded hole that cooperates with the locking screw (316).

5. The auxiliary device for axle machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (33) includes a fixed plate (333) fixed on the front and rear sides of the guide seat (32) and a bidirectional lead screw (332) set in the guide groove. The bidirectional lead screw (332) is threaded through the front and rear two locking blocks (313), and the two ends of the bidirectional lead screw (332) are respectively installed on the fixed plates (333) on both sides. A drive motor (331) for driving the bidirectional lead screw (332) to rotate is fixed on the outside of the fixed plate (333) on one side.

6. The auxiliary device for axle machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable seat (5) includes an upper slider (51) that is locked on the upper side of the guide rail (4) and a lower slider (53) that is locked in the middle groove of the guide rail (4). A tensioning screw (52) that pulls the lower slider (53) upward is inserted through the upper slider (51).

7. The auxiliary device for axle machining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper side of the lower slider (53) is fixed with guide blocks (54) near the left and right ends, and the lower side of the upper slider (51) is provided with guide slots that cooperate with the guide blocks (54).

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