A film mulching compost fermentation device for mine restoration

Abstract

The application relates to a film-covered compost fermentation device for mine restoration, which comprises a frame assembly, a plurality of first air distribution pipes, a plurality of second air distribution pipes and a molecular film. The frame assembly comprises a base plate, a first side plate, a second side plate and a third side plate. The first side plate and the second side plate are oppositely arranged and are both arranged perpendicularly to the base plate and are detachably connected with the base plate. The third side plate is arranged perpendicularly to the base plate and is detachably connected with the base plate. The base plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the third side plate form a fermentation tank with an open side. The first air distribution pipe is arranged along the length direction of the base plate. The second air distribution pipe is arranged perpendicularly to the first air distribution pipe. The air outlet of the first air distribution pipe and the air outlet of the second air distribution pipe both face the fermentation tank. The molecular film covers the fermentation tank. Through the arrangement of the base plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the third side plate, the dismounting and mounting are facilitated. Through the arrangement of the first air distribution pipe and the second air distribution pipe, the fermentation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of membrane composting fermentation technology, specifically to a membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration. Background Technology

[0002] Sludge composting plays a crucial role in the ecological restoration of mine waste sites, potentially eliminating the potential risks of heavy metals in sludge and serving as a high-quality substrate material for mine remediation. Transporting sludge to the mine site for composting and direct application in ecological restoration is a highly feasible solution. However, it faces numerous technical challenges and limitations in practice. Firstly, the complex geological conditions of mine waste sites mean that traditional membrane composting fermentation typically requires complex civil engineering projects, which are often difficult to implement on a large scale at mining sites. This not only leads to long construction periods and high costs but also results in significant resource waste due to the inability to reuse sludge caused by site limitations. Secondly, traditional membrane composting technology suffers from uneven gas distribution, severely impacting composting efficiency and the quality of the final product.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese patent CN214032300U discloses an intelligent membrane-coated composting fermentation device, including a ventilated substrate layer, a manure pile, and a molecular membrane covering layer. The ventilated substrate layer is used to introduce air upwards. The manure pile is stacked on the ventilated substrate layer. The molecular membrane covering layer completely covers the manure pile, and is used to retain the ammonia gas produced by manure fermentation in the manure pile within the membrane material of the molecular membrane covering layer, where it is absorbed and decomposed by microorganisms. This invention can significantly improve air circulation efficiency, accelerate the evaporation of moisture from the pile, and has advantages such as shortening the fermentation cycle, reducing system operating energy consumption, reducing labor, and reducing air pollution.

[0004] However, the aforementioned patents still have the following drawbacks:

[0005] On the one hand, due to the complex geological conditions of abandoned mine sites, it is often difficult to carry out large-scale civil construction. The aforementioned membrane composting fermentation device requires complex civil engineering, which makes it difficult to apply the above patent to abandoned mine sites. It also has the disadvantages of long construction period and high cost. Furthermore, due to site limitations, it cannot be reused, resulting in a great waste of resources.

[0006] On the other hand, the intelligent film-coated composting fermentation device described in the above patent has a ventilation substrate layer at the bottom, which includes multiple air distribution pipes. That is, the above patent only lays ventilation pipes at the bottom. Since the manure pile is piled up on the ventilation substrate during fermentation, and the air distribution pipes are only set on the ventilation substrate layer, the fermentation speed of the manure pile far away from the ventilation substrate layer is slower. As a result, the above patent still has the problem of uneven gas distribution, which seriously affects the efficiency of composting and the quality of the final product. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a membrane composting fermentation device for mine remediation, so as to solve the technical problems that the prior art cannot be adapted to mine waste sites and the gas distribution in the membrane composting device is uneven.

[0008] The membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration described in this application includes a frame assembly, several first gas distribution pipes, several second gas distribution pipes, and a molecular membrane.

[0009] The frame assembly includes a base plate, a first side plate, a second side plate, and a third side plate; the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged opposite to each other, and both the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged perpendicular to the base plate and are detachably connected to the base plate; the third side plate is arranged perpendicular to the base plate and is detachably connected to the base plate; the base plate, the first side plate, the second side plate, and the third side plate form a fermentation tank with an opening on one side;

[0010] The first gas distribution pipe is arranged along the length of the substrate; the second gas distribution pipe is arranged perpendicular to the first gas distribution pipe; the gas outlets of the first gas distribution pipe and the second gas distribution pipe both face the fermentation tank.

[0011] The molecular membrane covers the fermentation tank.

[0012] Preferably, the substrate has a first groove formed at the connection point with the first side plate, the second side plate, and the third side plate; the bottom of the first side plate, the second side plate, and the third side plate has a first protrusion adapted to the groove, and the first side plate is detachably connected to the substrate, the second side plate is connected to the substrate, and the third side plate is connected to the substrate through the adapted protrusion and groove.

[0013] Preferably, the membrane composting fermentation device further includes an extension plate; the extension plate is disposed on the opening side of the fermentation tank and is detachably connected to the base plate; the base plate has a second groove formed on the opening side of the fermentation tank, and the side of the extension plate detachably connected to the base plate has a second protrusion adapted to the second groove.

[0014] Preferably, the membrane-covered composting fermentation device further includes a liquid collection tank; the liquid collection tank is formed at a location on the substrate near the opening side of the fermentation tank;

[0015] Alternatively, the liquid collection tank and the substrate can be detachably connected to the opening side of the fermentation tank.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of the first air distribution pipes are arranged at intervals, and the plurality of the first air distribution pipes are parallel to each other;

[0017] A plurality of second gas distribution pipes are spaced apart in the fermentation tank, located near the first side plate, the second side plate, or the third side plate; and the plurality of second gas distribution pipes are parallel to each other.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of air distribution grooves adapted to the first air distribution pipe are formed on the substrate, and the first air distribution pipe is disposed in the air distribution groove.

[0019] Preferably, the membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration further includes a diversion pipe, through which the first gas distribution pipe and the second gas distribution pipe are connected.

[0020] Preferably, the membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration further includes a blower; the blower is connected to the first air distribution pipe and the blower is also connected to the second air distribution pipe;

[0021] Alternatively, the fan is connected to the diversion pipe.

[0022] Preferably, the membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration further includes a controller, which is connected to the blower via a signal connection.

[0023] Preferably, the membrane composting fermentation device further includes several support members, which are respectively disposed on the side of the first side plate and the second side plate away from the fermentation tank, and are connected to the first side plate or the second side plate.

[0024] The advantages of the membrane composting fermentation device for mine remediation described in this application are as follows:

[0025] On the one hand, by setting up a base plate, a first side plate, a second side plate and a third side plate, the base plate can be detachably connected to the first side plate, the base plate can be detachably connected to the second side plate and the base plate can be detachably connected to the third side plate, which facilitates disassembly and installation and can adapt to the needs of various environments and sites.

[0026] On the other hand, by setting up the first gas distribution pipe and the second gas distribution pipe, with the first gas distribution pipe set along the length of the substrate and the second gas distribution pipe set perpendicular to the first gas distribution pipe, the gas distribution in the fermentation tank space is uniform, thereby ensuring the full fermentation of the fermentation material. Furthermore, due to the uniform gas distribution in the fermentation tank space, after the fermentation material is stacked, the fermentation material inside the stacked fermentation material can also fully contact the air, thereby shortening the fermentation time, accelerating the fermentation cycle, and improving the fermentation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration as described in this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a side view of a membrane composting fermentation device for mine remediation as described in this application.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Frame assembly, 11-Base plate, 111-Air distribution pipe groove, 12-First side plate, 13-Second side plate, 14-Third side plate;

[0030] 2-First air distribution tube;

[0031] 3-Second air distribution tube;

[0032] 4-Molecular membrane;

[0033] 5-Expansion board;

[0034] 6-Diverter pipe;

[0035] 7- Fan;

[0036] 8-Controller;

[0037] 9-Supporting component. Detailed Implementation

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the membrane composting fermentation device for mine remediation described in this application includes a frame assembly 1, a plurality of first gas distribution pipes 2, a plurality of second gas distribution pipes 3, and a molecular membrane 4.

[0039] The frame assembly 1 includes a base plate 11, a first side plate 12, a second side plate 13, and a third side plate 14; the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 are arranged opposite to each other, and both the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 are arranged perpendicular to the base plate 11 and are detachably connected to the base plate 11; the third side plate 14 is arranged perpendicular to the base plate 11 and is detachably connected to the base plate 11; the base plate 11, the first side plate 12, the second side plate 13, and the third side plate 14 form a fermentation tank with an opening on one side;

[0040] The first air distribution pipe 2 is arranged along the length of the substrate 11; the second air distribution pipe 3 is arranged perpendicular to the first air distribution pipe 2; the air outlets of the first air distribution pipe 2 and the second air distribution pipe 3 both face the fermentation tank.

[0041] The fermentation tank is covered with a molecular membrane 4.

[0042] Specifically, in some embodiments of this application, the substrate 11 may also be composed of multiple splicing panels, and adjacent splicing panels may be connected by a snap-fit ​​structure. The first side panel 12, the second side panel 13, and the third side panel 14 may also be adapted and adjusted according to the number of splicing panels.

[0043] The substrate 11, the first side plate 12, the second side plate 13 and the third side plate 14 are combined to form a fermentation tank with an opening on one side; the fermentation tank has an opening to facilitate composting by a forklift or to remove the waste material after fermentation.

[0044] The outer periphery of both the first gas distribution pipe 2 and the second gas distribution pipe 3 is provided with several gas outlets, and the gas outlets are all oriented towards the fermentation tank to ensure uniform gas output.

[0045] The molecular membrane 4 is usually covered with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) membrane. In this application, when covering, one side of the fermentation tank opening needs to be completely covered to avoid the emission of odor and bacteria, while ensuring the normal flow of water vapor and carbon dioxide.

[0046] With the arrangement of the base plate 11, the first side plate 12, the second side plate 13 and the third side plate 14, the base plate 11 is detachably connected to the first side plate 12, the base plate 11 is detachably connected to the second side plate 13 and the base plate 11 is detachably connected to the third side plate 14, which facilitates disassembly and installation and can adapt to the needs of various environments and sites.

[0047] Meanwhile, by setting the first gas distribution pipe 2 and the second gas distribution pipe 3, the first gas distribution pipe 2 is set along the length direction of the substrate 11, and the second gas distribution pipe 3 is set perpendicular to the first gas distribution pipe 2, so that the gas distribution in the fermentation tank space is uniform, thereby ensuring the full fermentation of the fermentation material. Furthermore, because the gas distribution in the fermentation tank space is uniform, after the fermentation material is stacked, the fermentation material inside the stacked fermentation material can also fully contact the air, thereby shortening the fermentation time, accelerating the fermentation cycle, and improving the fermentation efficiency.

[0048] Furthermore, a first groove is formed at the connection point between the substrate 11 and the first side plate 12, the second side plate 13, and the third side plate 14; a first protrusion adapted to the groove is formed at the bottom of the first side plate 12, the second side plate 13, and the third side plate 14; the first side plate 12 and the substrate 11, the second side plate 13 and the substrate 11, and the third side plate 14 and the substrate 11 are detachably connected through the adapted protrusion and groove.

[0049] The first groove and the first protrusion form a mortise and tenon joint-like connection between the substrate 11 and the first side plate 12, the substrate 11 and the second side plate 13, and the substrate 11 and the third side plate 14, ensuring the stability of the connection and the overall sealing after the connection is completed.

[0050] Furthermore, in some embodiments of this application, the membrane composting fermentation device for mine remediation described in this application further includes an extension plate 5; the extension plate 5 is disposed on the opening side of the fermentation tank and is detachably connected to the base plate 11; the base plate 11 has a second groove formed on the opening side of the fermentation tank, and the side of the extension plate 5 detachably connected to the base plate 11 has a second protrusion adapted to the second groove.

[0051] Specifically, since the substrate 11 is a plate with a certain height, it is easy to cause bumps when the forklift enters and exits directly. In order to facilitate the forklift to compost or shovel out the fermented waste, an extension plate 5 is set on one side of the opening of the fermentation tank. For example, the extension plate 5 is a right-angled triangular prism. During installation, the height of the extension plate 5 is gradually reduced along the direction away from the fermentation tank, so as to ensure that the forklift enters and exits more smoothly and avoids bumps.

[0052] Furthermore, the membrane composting fermentation device for mine remediation described in this application also includes a liquid collection tank; a liquid collection tank is formed on the side of the substrate 11 near the opening of the fermentation tank.

[0053] Alternatively, the liquid collection tank and the substrate 11 can be detachably connected to the opening side of the fermentation tank.

[0054] Specifically, since the fermentation tank of the membrane composting fermentation device for mine remediation described in this application is an open-side fermentation tank, liquid may seep out from the molecular membrane 4 even if the open side is covered by the molecular membrane 4 during fermentation. Therefore, the membrane composting fermentation device for mine remediation described in this application also includes a liquid collection tank. In one embodiment of this application, a liquid collection tank is formed on the side of the substrate 11 near the opening of the fermentation tank; that is, the liquid collection tank is integrally formed with the substrate 11. The integral forming of the liquid collection tank with the substrate 11 can ensure that the liquid collection tank does not need to be connected to the substrate 11 through a connecting structure; and can ensure stable liquid collection in the liquid collection tank.

[0055] In another embodiment of this application, the liquid collection tank is formed separately and detachably connected to the base plate 11. This detachable connection allows it to be used, along with the extension plate 5, as two interchangeable components of the covered composting fermentation device for mine remediation described in this application. During fermentation, the liquid collection tank is installed to prevent liquid leakage. When the forklift is preparing to load the fermentation raw materials into the fermentation tank or to remove the fermented waste, the extension plate 5 is installed to prevent the forklift from bumping.

[0056] Furthermore, a plurality of first air distribution pipes 2 are arranged at intervals, and the plurality of first air distribution pipes 2 are parallel to each other;

[0057] Several second gas distribution pipes 3 are spaced apart in the fermentation tank, located near the first side plate 12, the second side plate 13, or the third side plate 14; and the several second gas distribution pipes 3 are parallel to each other.

[0058] Specifically, the arrangement of a plurality of first gas distribution pipes 2 and a plurality of second gas distribution pipes 3 in the fermentation tank affects the fermentation speed and thus the fermentation cycle. In one embodiment of this application, a plurality of first gas distribution pipes 2 are arranged at intervals and are parallel to each other; at the same time, a plurality of second gas distribution pipes 3 are arranged at intervals in the fermentation tank and are parallel to each other; more specifically, in order to avoid the fermentation raw materials being too dispersed, a plurality of second gas distribution pipes 3 are arranged near the first side plate 12, or near the second side plate 13, or near the third side plate 14; preferably, a plurality of second gas distribution pipes 3 are arranged near the third side plate 14.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of air distribution grooves 111 adapted to the first air distribution pipe 2 are formed on the substrate 11, and the first air distribution pipe 2 is disposed in the air distribution groove 111.

[0060] Specifically, to ensure a flat bottom for the fermentation materials during stacking, a gas distribution groove 111 is provided on the substrate 11 corresponding to the first gas distribution pipe 2 when setting the first gas distribution pipe 2. In one embodiment of this application, after the first gas distribution pipe 2 is placed in the gas distribution groove 111, a molecular membrane 4 can be laid on the surface of the gas distribution groove 111 to ensure normal gas passage while preventing the fermentation materials from contaminating the first gas distribution pipe 2.

[0061] Furthermore, the membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration described in this application also includes a diversion pipe 6, through which the first gas distribution pipe 2 and the second gas distribution pipe 3 are connected.

[0062] It is understandable that several first gas distribution pipes 2 and several second gas distribution pipes 3 are connected by a diversion pipe 6, which facilitates the connection of the blower 7. At the same time, it enables the air delivered by the blower 7 to be evenly discharged from each of the first gas distribution pipes 2 and the second gas distribution pipes 3, ensuring the uniformity of gas in the fermentation tank, thereby shortening the fermentation time, accelerating the fermentation cycle, and improving the fermentation efficiency.

[0063] Furthermore, the membrane composting fermentation device for mine remediation described in this application also includes a blower 7; the blower 7 is connected to the first air distribution pipe 2 and the blower 7 is connected to the second air distribution pipe 3.

[0064] Alternatively, the fan 7 can be connected to the diversion pipe 6.

[0065] Specifically, the function of the blower 7 is to blow air into the fermentation tank, maintaining a sufficiently oxygenated environment within the tank to ensure that the fermentation process is entirely aerobic, thus guaranteeing fermentation efficiency. The blower 7 is connected to the first air distribution pipe 2 and the second air distribution pipe 3, either individually (i.e., the blower 7 is connected to each of the first air distribution pipes 2 and each of the second air distribution pipes 3) or connected to the diversion pipe 6. Since the diversion pipe 6 is connected to the first air distribution pipes 2 and the second air distribution pipes 3, connecting the blower 7 to the diversion pipe 6 ensures that the blower 7 is connected to several of the first air distribution pipes 2 and several of the second air distribution pipes 3. Preferably, the blower 7 is connected to the first air distribution pipes 2 and the second air distribution pipes 3 through the connection to the diversion pipe 6.

[0066] Furthermore, the film-coated composting fermentation device for mine remediation described in this application also includes a controller 8, which is signal-connected to the blower 7.

[0067] Specifically, the controller 8 can be a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller 8). The PLC uses a programmable memory to store instructions for performing logical operations, sequential control, timing, counting, and arithmetic operations, and controls various types of mechanical equipment or production processes through digital or analog inputs and outputs. In this application, the operating power of the fan 7 can be controlled by connecting the PLC to the fan 7 via signals, thereby controlling the speed of the blower.

[0068] Furthermore, the membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration described in this application also includes several support members 9, which are respectively disposed on the side of the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 away from the fermentation tank, and are connected to the first side plate 12 or the second side plate 13.

[0069] Specifically, the support member 9 is a support column, the bottom surface of which is in contact with the ground and connected to the first side plate 12 or the second side plate 13. Preferably, the support column is fixedly connected to the first side plate 12 or the second side plate 13. Figure 2 As shown, the support column is tilted, so that the first side, the support column, and the ground form a triangular support structure, or the second side, the support column, and the ground form a triangular support structure, thereby improving the stability of the film-coated composting fermentation device for mine remediation described in this application.

[0070] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0071] For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made based on the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A membrane composting fermentation device for mine remediation, characterized in that, It includes a frame assembly, several first air distribution pipes, several second air distribution pipes, and a molecular membrane; The frame assembly includes a base plate, a first side plate, a second side plate, and a third side plate; the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged opposite to each other, and both the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged perpendicular to the base plate and are detachably connected to the base plate; the third side plate is arranged perpendicular to the base plate and is detachably connected to the base plate; the base plate, the first side plate, the second side plate, and the third side plate form a fermentation tank with an opening on one side; The first gas distribution pipe is arranged along the length of the substrate; the second gas distribution pipe is arranged perpendicular to the first gas distribution pipe; the gas outlets of the first gas distribution pipe and the second gas distribution pipe both face the fermentation tank. The molecular membrane covers the fermentation tank.

2. The membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate has a first groove formed at the connection point with the first side plate, the second side plate, and the third side plate; the bottom of the first side plate, the second side plate, and the third side plate has a first protrusion adapted to the groove; the first side plate and the substrate, the second side plate and the substrate, and the third side plate and the substrate are detachably connected through the adapted protrusion and groove.

3. The membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an expansion plate; the expansion plate is disposed on the opening side of the fermentation tank and is detachably connected to the base plate; the base plate has a second groove formed on the opening side of the fermentation tank, and the side of the expansion plate that is detachably connected to the base plate has a second protrusion that matches the second groove.

4. The membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a liquid collection tank; a liquid collection tank is formed at a location on the substrate near the opening side of the fermentation tank; Alternatively, the liquid collection tank and the substrate can be detachably connected to the opening side of the fermentation tank.

5. The membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of the first air distribution pipes are arranged at intervals, and the plurality of the first air distribution pipes are parallel to each other; A plurality of second gas distribution pipes are spaced apart in the fermentation tank, located near the first side plate, the second side plate, or the third side plate; and the plurality of second gas distribution pipes are parallel to each other.

6. The membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate has a plurality of air distribution grooves adapted to the first air distribution pipe, and the first air distribution pipe is disposed in the air distribution grooves.

7. The membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a diversion pipe, through which the first air distribution pipe and the second air distribution pipe are connected.

8. The membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a fan; the fan is connected to the first air distribution pipe and the fan is also connected to the second air distribution pipe; Alternatively, the fan is connected to the diversion pipe.

9. The membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a controller, which is signal-connected to the fan.

10. The membrane composting fermentation device for mine restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes several support members, which are respectively disposed on the side of the first side plate and the second side plate away from the fermentation tank, and are connected to the first side plate or the second side plate.

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