An online adjustable flow head single-suction energy-saving pump

Abstract

The utility model discloses an online adjustable flow head single suction energy -conserving pump, including pump body and pump cover, be provided with the axle in the pump body, adjustable outer diameter impeller is installed to the front end of axle and passes through the pump cover, adjustable outer diameter impeller includes a plurality of blades, and the front end of blade is connected with telescopic blade through pneumatic cylinder and spring, the blade is opened with the impeller air channel, and the impeller air channel is linked with pneumatic cylinder, the pump cover is fixed with the sealed chamber, and the sealed chamber is provided with the gas path connector, and the gas path connector is used for connecting with the air compressor of outside, the axle is opened with the air channel, and the air channel one end gas path connector connects, and the other end of air channel is linked with the impeller air channel, the utility model discloses the spring resilience cooperation of pneumatic drive and adjustment impeller outlet blade outer diameter, realize the online dynamic adjustment of flow and head, make water pump always run in the best working condition to reduce energy consumption significantly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of centrifugal pump technology, specifically to an online adjustable flow rate and head single-suction energy-saving pump. Background Technology

[0002] Single-suction centrifugal pumps, widely used in industry, agriculture, environmental protection, and other specialized fields, are core equipment in industrial circulating cooling water systems, where their operating efficiency directly impacts the overall system's energy consumption. Currently, single-suction centrifugal pumps commonly face variable operating conditions, and adjusting flow rate and head is crucial for adapting to these changes. Existing adjustment methods mainly fall into two categories: First, adjusting flow rate and head via valves. This method requires manual or automatic valve opening control to alter pipeline resistance, resulting in the pump operating under constant pressure. This method fails to optimize the pump's operating parameters for the system's actual needs, causing the pump to deviate from its optimal operating point, leading to low efficiency, increased energy loss, and high power consumption. Second, using variable frequency drive (VFD) motor control to adjust pump flow rate and head by changing the motor speed. However, changes in speed cause the pump to deviate from its designed optimal operating point, also resulting in reduced efficiency. Especially during significant speed adjustments, energy waste remains substantial, failing to meet energy conservation and consumption reduction requirements. In circulating cooling water systems where operating conditions change frequently, the limitations of the two adjustment methods mentioned above are more prominent, resulting in high overall system energy consumption, which does not meet the current industrial requirements for energy saving and efficient operation. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online adjustable flow rate and head single-suction energy-saving pump. This invention uses pneumatic drive combined with spring return to adjust the outer diameter of the impeller outlet blades, achieving online dynamic adjustment of flow rate and head, ensuring the pump always operates under optimal conditions, thereby significantly reducing energy consumption.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: An online adjustable flow rate and head single-suction energy-saving pump, including a pump body and a pump cover. A shaft is provided in the pump body, and an adjustable outer diameter impeller is installed at the front end of the shaft through the pump cover. The adjustable outer diameter impeller includes multiple blades, and the front end of the blades is connected to telescopic blades via a pneumatic cylinder and a spring. An impeller air passage is opened on the blades, and the impeller air passage is connected to the pneumatic cylinder. A sealing chamber is fixed on the pump cover, and an air passage connector is provided on the sealing chamber for connecting to an external air compressor. An air passage is opened on the shaft, one end of the air passage is connected to the air passage connector, and the other end of the air passage is connected to the impeller air passage.

[0005] The above-mentioned online adjustable flow and head single-suction energy-saving pump has a sealing chamber that is fixedly connected to the pump cover by bolts; a mechanical seal and a mechanical seal cover are provided on one side of the sealing chamber, and the mechanical seal is pressed against the end of the sealing chamber by the mechanical seal cover to form a double shaft seal structure.

[0006] The aforementioned online adjustable flow and head single-suction energy-saving pump has 6 blades.

[0007] In the aforementioned online adjustable flow and head single-suction energy-saving pump, the outer side of the blade is fixed with a blade cover plate by bolts, and the blade and the blade cover plate form an active space for protecting the telescopic blade.

[0008] In the aforementioned online adjustable flow and head single-suction energy-saving pump, the hub of the adjustable outer diameter impeller has an annular sealing groove, and the sealing groove contains an impeller sealing ring; the shaft is axially pressed against the impeller hub by a locking nut; a nut sealing ring is provided on the inner side of the locking nut, forming a compression seal with the impeller shaft hole.

[0009] The aforementioned online adjustable flow and head single-suction energy-saving pump has an internal mechanical seal sleeve and a pump-side mechanical seal on the inner side of the pump cover to enhance the sealing performance between the pump cover and the shaft.

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model uses a pneumatic cylinder and spring to adjust the outer diameter of the impeller outlet blades, achieving online dynamic adjustment of flow rate and head. This eliminates the need for valve throttling or motor speed changes, avoiding the energy consumption caused by valve adjustment and the deviation of frequency converter regulation from optimal operating conditions. This ensures the pump always operates at its optimal condition, significantly reducing energy consumption. Its structural design, including a reliable connection between the sealing chamber and pump cover, and a rational arrangement of air passages within the shaft and impeller, ensures stable and sealed air pressure transmission. Combined with the blade cover plate protecting the telescopic blades, this enhances the reliability and service life of the pump. Furthermore, precise control of the impeller outer diameter using air pressure provides rapid adjustment response, flexibly adapting to the changing needs of circulating cooling water and other applications, thus improving the overall energy efficiency and adaptability of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an adjustable outer diameter impeller.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the blade and the telescopic blade;

[0014] Figure Labels

[0015] 1. Adjustable outer diameter impeller; 2. Impeller air passage; 3. Pump cover; 4. Mechanical seal retainer; 5. Pump side mechanical seal; 6. Sealing chamber; 7. Air passage connector; 8. Mechanical seal; 9. Mechanical seal gland; 10. Shaft; 11. Impeller sealing ring; 12. Nut sealing ring; 13. Locking nut; 14. Blade cover plate; 15. Blade; 16. Telescopic blade; 17. Pneumatic cylinder; 18. Spring; 19. Air passage. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0017] Example: An online adjustable flow rate and head single-suction energy-saving pump, such as... Figure 1-3 As shown, the pump includes an adjustable outer diameter impeller 1, an impeller air passage 2, a pump cover 3, a mechanical seal sleeve 4, a pump-side mechanical seal 5, a sealing chamber 6, an air passage connector 7, a mechanical seal 8, a mechanical seal gland 9, a shaft 10, an impeller sealing ring 11, a nut sealing ring 12, a locking nut 13, a blade cover plate 14, blades 15, telescopic blades 16, a pneumatic cylinder 17, a spring 18, and an air passage 19. The pump body contains a shaft 10, the front end of which passes through the pump cover 3. The adjustable outer diameter impeller 1 is fitted onto the front end of the shaft 10 through the hub center hole. The impeller sealing ring 11 is installed in the annular sealing groove of the impeller hub. Then, the locking nut 13 is used to axially press the impeller hub, while ensuring that the nut sealing ring 12 inside the locking nut 13 is tightly fitted with the impeller shaft hole, forming a compression seal, thus fixing the impeller to the shaft and sealing the shaft hole. The front ends of the six blades 15 of the adjusting outer diameter impeller 1 are respectively equipped with pneumatic cylinders 17 and springs 18. The telescopic blades 16 are connected to the blades 15 through the pneumatic cylinders 17 and springs 18. The blade cover plate 14 is fixed to the outside of the blades 15 by bolts, so that a closed moving space is formed between the blades 15 and the blade cover plate 14. During the telescopic process of the blades 16, the blade cover plate 14 prevents the fluid from directly impacting the telescopic blades 16, and at the same time prevents impurities from entering the blade interior and affecting the action of the pneumatic cylinders 17 and springs 18, thus ensuring the long-term stable operation of the adjusting mechanism. The sealing chamber 6 is fixedly connected to the pump cover 3 by bolts. After the front end of the shaft 10 passes through the pump cover 3, a mechanical seal 8 is installed at the mating point between the sealing chamber 6 and the shaft 10, and the mechanical seal 8 is pressed by the mechanical seal cover 9. At the same time, a mechanical seal retainer 4 and a pump-side mechanical seal 5 are installed inside the pump cover 3, forming a double shaft seal structure with the mechanical seal 8 in the sealing chamber. The pump-side mechanical seal 5 and the mechanical seal retainer 4 prevent the fluid inside the pump from leaking to the outside of the pump cover, while the mechanical seal 8 inside the sealing chamber 6 blocks high-pressure air from leaking from the air passage to the outside. The double seal ensures the fluid sealing and air passage pressure stability during pump operation. The air passage connector 7 on the sealing chamber 6 is connected to the high-pressure air pipe, solenoid valve and air compressor in sequence. One end of the pre-set air passage 19 inside the shaft 10 is connected to the air passage connector 7, and the other end extends to the center of the impeller and connects with the impeller air passage 2 on the blade 15. The other end of the impeller air passage 2 is connected to the pneumatic cylinder 17 inside the blade 15, forming a complete air passage.

[0018] Working principle

[0019] When the external air compressor starts and delivers pressurized air to the air connector 7 through the solenoid valve, the high-pressure air enters the air passage 19 of the shaft 10 through the sealing chamber 6, and then is transmitted to the pneumatic cylinder 17 inside the blade 15 through the impeller air passage 2. The pneumatic cylinder 17 extends under pressure, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 18 to push the telescopic blade 16 to extend outward of the impeller, increasing the overall outer diameter of the impeller outlet blade, thereby increasing the pump's flow rate and head.

[0020] When the solenoid valve is closed and the air pressure is released, the pneumatic cylinder 17 loses its driving force, the spring 18 returns to its natural state and pulls the telescopic vane 16 to retract inward to the vane 15, reducing the overall outer diameter of the impeller outlet vane, reducing the pump's flow rate and head, and at the same time reducing the motor load and power consumption.

[0021] Therefore, by adjusting the output pressure of the air compressor and the on / off state of the solenoid valve, the extension and retraction of the air cylinder 17 can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the extension length of the telescopic blade 16. This allows for dynamic matching of the flow rate and head requirements of scenarios such as circulating cooling water systems, ensuring that the water pump always operates within the optimal operating range.

[0022] Through the above-mentioned structural assembly and the coordinated operation of components, this pump can achieve efficient and energy-saving operation without relying on valve throttling or changing motor speed, simply by adjusting the impeller outer diameter online. It is especially suitable for circulating cooling water systems with variable operating conditions.

Claims

1. An online adjustable flow rate and head single-suction energy-saving pump, comprising a pump body and a pump cover (3), wherein a shaft (10) is provided in the pump body, characterized in that: An adjustable outer diameter impeller (1) is installed at the front end of the shaft (10) through the pump cover (3); the adjustable outer diameter impeller (1) includes multiple blades (15), and the front end of the blades (15) is connected to telescopic blades (16) via a pneumatic cylinder (17) and a spring (18); an impeller air passage (2) is opened on the blades (15), and the impeller air passage (2) is connected to the pneumatic cylinder (17); a sealing chamber (6) is fixed on the pump cover (3), and an air passage connector (7) is provided on the sealing chamber (6), which is used to connect to an external air compressor; an air passage (19) is opened on the shaft (10), one end of the air passage (19) is connected to the air passage connector (7), and the other end of the air passage (19) is connected to the impeller air passage (2).

2. The online adjustable flow rate and head single-suction energy-saving pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing chamber (6) is fixedly connected to the pump cover (3) by bolts; a mechanical seal (8) and a mechanical seal cover (9) are provided on one side of the sealing chamber (6), and the mechanical seal (8) is pressed by the mechanical seal cover (9) at the end of the sealing chamber (6) to form a double shaft seal structure.

3. The online adjustable flow rate and head single-suction energy-saving pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of blades (15) is 6.

4. The online adjustable flow rate and head single-suction energy-saving pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (15) is fixed to the outside of the blade cover plate (14) by bolts, and the blade (15) and the blade cover plate (14) form an active space for protecting the telescopic blade (16).

5. The online adjustable flow rate and head single-suction energy-saving pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hub of the adjustable outer diameter impeller (1) has an annular sealing groove, and the sealing groove has an impeller sealing ring (11) inside; the shaft (10) is axially pressed against the impeller hub by a locking nut (13); a nut sealing ring (12) is provided on the inner side of the locking nut (13) to form a compression seal with the impeller shaft hole.

6. The online adjustable flow rate and head single-suction energy-saving pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump cover (3) is provided with a mechanical seal sleeve (4) and a pump side mechanical seal (5) on the inner side to enhance the sealing performance between the pump cover (3) and the shaft (10).

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