Piston outer circle chamfering machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of piston outer circle chamfer processing, especially to a kind of piston outer circle chamfer processing machine, including host computer, feeding manipulator, transfer manipulator, two sets of piston rotating mechanism, two sets of piston chamfer mechanism and arrangement module.Feeding manipulator is clamped piston and turns over 90 ° by inner support mode, and transfer manipulator sequentially moves piston to two stations to complete double chamfer, and chamfer size is accurately controlled by servo motor in combination with return spring, and finally piston is moved to arrangement module and waits to be taken away.The utility model can realize automatic feeding and discharging and high-efficiency stable chamfer processing, significantly improve production efficiency and machining accuracy, and is convenient to integrate into automatic production line, reduce process circulation, reduce maintenance cost, and have higher application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mechanical processing equipment technology, specifically the chamfering of the outer circle of a piston. Background Technology

[0002] Piston rings are a key component in compressors, and their machining quality directly affects the performance and lifespan of the equipment. Chamfering the outer diameter is a crucial step in piston ring manufacturing. However, traditional machining methods have significant technical drawbacks, especially in deburring and chamfering. Currently, the industry commonly uses manual scraping for piston ring chamfering. This method is not only inefficient but also makes it difficult to precisely control the chamfer dimensions, resulting in poor product consistency. Furthermore, manual operation is prone to errors due to human factors, further impacting machining quality and production efficiency. With the increasing level of industrial automation, this traditional manual machining method can no longer meet the demands of modern manufacturing for high-precision and high-efficiency production. Therefore, there is an urgent need for machining equipment that can achieve automated operation, stable control of chamfer dimensions, and improved production efficiency. This invention aims to solve the above problems by designing a piston outer diameter chamfering machine that achieves automatic loading and unloading, precise chamfering, and efficient batch production, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies and meeting the industry's demand for high-quality piston ring machining. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model relates to a piston outer circle chamfering machine, aiming to solve the problems of low efficiency and unstable dimensions of traditional manual scraping. To this end, this utility model proposes a device that integrates automated loading and unloading, efficiently and stably completing the piston ring outer circle chamfering process.

[0004] This utility model provides a piston outer circle chamfering processing machine, including a main unit, a loading robot, a transfer robot, two sets of piston rotation mechanisms, two sets of piston chamfering mechanisms, an arrangement module, and a touch operation screen. The main unit consists of a square tube welded frame and a large plate mounted on it, which supports other components and serves as the basic structure of the entire machine. Furthermore, each functional module is fixed to the large plate of the main unit with bolts to ensure the stability of the overall structure and assembly accuracy.

[0005] The loading robot is mounted on the main unit's large plate, and its main function is to automatically grip and flip the piston rings. The lifting mechanism uses an electric cylinder to drive the Z-axis movement, with a guide rod and linear bearing working together to ensure smooth operation of the electric cylinder. Furthermore, the rotating mechanism is driven by a servo motor through a planetary reducer to achieve a precise 90° rotation of the gripper. Notably, the gripping mechanism uses pneumatic grippers, with a three-axis cylinder controlling the gripper's internal support action, allowing the gripper to smoothly retract from the piston after rotation, avoiding interference.

[0006] The transfer robot is also mounted on the main unit's large plate, used to transfer the piston between different workstations. The X-axis movement mechanism employs a rack and pinion structure, driven by a servo motor and planetary reducer, ensuring high-precision horizontal movement. Furthermore, the lifting mechanism uses cylinders to achieve lifting in the Z-axis direction, with linear bearings and guide rods on both sides to balance the mechanism and improve motion stability. Specifically, the gripper system includes grippers A, B, and C, each undertaking different transfer tasks. Gripper A receives the piston from the loading robot and transfers it to the first workstation; gripper B, in conjunction with a rotary cylinder, transfers the piston from the first workstation to the second workstation and performs a flipping operation; gripper C transfers the chamfered piston to the tooling of the arrangement module.

[0007] The two piston rotation mechanisms are mirror-image components used to achieve piston rotation and feed motion. The Y-axis movement mechanism is driven by a servo motor, which drives the lead screw to move precisely along a linear guide along the Y-axis. Furthermore, the rotating spindle is mounted on the nut of the lead screw and is driven by a speed-regulating motor via a synchronous pulley and belt, ensuring the piston maintains a stable rotational speed during machining. Specifically, the grippers are connected to the hollow rotating spindle via electrical wiring, and continuous electrical signal transmission is achieved through pneumatic-electric slip rings, preventing wiring breakage due to excessive rotation.

[0008] The two piston chamfering mechanisms share the same structural design and are used to chamfer the outer diameter of the piston rings. The fixing mechanism supports the rotating shaft via a bearing seat, and the honing stone mounting plate is connected to the rotating shaft for mounting the honing stone. Furthermore, the chamfering control mechanism fixes the honing stone to the honing stone mounting plate via a pressure plate. When the piston contacts the honing stone, the return spring is stretched. The chamfer size is controlled by adjusting the K-value coefficient of the return spring to control the Y-axis movement distance of the lead screw, thereby achieving precise control of the chamfer dimension. Notably, a waste collection mechanism is located below the honing stone to collect cutting powder, which is periodically cleaned via a slag collection box.

[0009] The arrangement module is mounted on the main unit's large plate and is used to arrange the chamfered pistons in sequence. The X-axis movement mechanism is driven by a servo motor to move the linear module along the X-axis, ensuring precise positioning of the tooling. Furthermore, the tooling is made of plastic, which helps to cushion impacts and prevent damage. Specifically, a floating mechanism is located at the bottom of the tooling to prevent the robot arm from over-pressuring and damaging the linear module.

[0010] The touch screen is mounted on the main unit's large board and is used to operate and monitor the equipment's operating status. Furthermore, the electrical box is set up independently of the main unit for easy maintenance and management.

[0011] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: S1, the loading robot grips the piston ring through an internal support, and the servo motor drives the gripper to rotate 90°, flipping the piston ring to the designated position; S2, the pneumatic gripper A of the transfer robot receives the piston from the loading robot and transfers it to the first station. The piston rotation mechanism moves forward to support the inner circle of the piston, driving the piston to rotate and move forward until it hits the oilstone to complete the first chamfer; S3, after the chamfer is completed, the pneumatic gripper B of the transfer robot grips the piston and flips it over, transferring it to the second station. The second set of piston rotation mechanisms repeats the above process to complete the second chamfer; S4, after the chamfer is completed, the pneumatic gripper C of the transfer robot transfers the piston to the tooling of the arrangement module, waiting to be removed.

[0012] The technical advantages of this invention are reflected in the following aspects: Through the application of multi-station collaborative work and automated control technology, production efficiency is significantly improved; the use of servo motors to control the chamfer size, combined with a reset spring adjustment mechanism, ensures the stability of the chamfer dimensions; the equipment has a compact structure, making it easy to integrate into automated production lines, reducing process flows and improving overall line efficiency; the independent design of the waste collection mechanism and electrical box facilitates daily maintenance and cleaning, reducing equipment maintenance costs. In particular, the precise coordination and high degree of automation between the functional modules enable this invention to meet the needs of modern production, possessing significant technical advantages and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding robot of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer robot structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the piston rotation mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the piston chamfering mechanism of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement module structure of this utility model; Figure 6 This is the main view of the piston outer circle chamfering machine of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a side view of the piston outer circle chamfering machine of this utility model.

[0014] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Loading robot; 2. Servo motor; 3. Electric cylinder; 4. Guide rod; 5. First linear bearing; 6. Servo motor; 7. Planetary reducer; 8. Three-axis cylinder; 9. Parallel gripper; 10. Transfer robot; 11. Servo motor; 12. Planetary reducer; 13. Gear and rack; 14. Cylinder; 15. Second linear bearing; 16. Guide rod; 17. Gripper A; 18. Gripper B; 19. Rotary cylinder; 20. Gripper C; 21. Piston rotation. 21. Mechanism; 22. Servo motor; 23. Lead screw; 24. Linear guide rail; 25. Rotary spindle; 26. Speed-regulating motor; 27. Synchronous pulley and synchronous belt; 28. Gripper; 29. ​​Pneumatic-electric slip ring; 30. Piston chamfering mechanism; 31. Bearing housing; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. Oilstone mounting plate; 34. Oilstone; 35. Limit screw; 36. Return spring; 37. Slag receiving box; 38. Arrangement module; 39. Servo motor; 40. Linear module; 41. Tooling; 42. Floating mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0015] This utility model discloses a piston outer circle chamfering machine, combined with the attached... Figure 1 To be continued Figure 7 The specific implementation method is described in detail. The main unit 1 consists of a square tube welded frame and a large plate. The large plate is bolted with a feeding robot 2, a transfer robot 3, a piston rotation mechanism 4 (No. 1), a piston rotation mechanism 5 (No. 2), a piston chamfering mechanism 6 (No. 1), a piston chamfering mechanism 7 (No. 2), an arrangement module 8, and a touch screen 9. The main unit 1 serves as the basic structure of the equipment, providing a stable support platform for other functional modules. The electrical box 10 is located independently of the main unit for easy maintenance and management.

[0016] The structure of the loading robot 2 is as follows Figure 1 As shown, its lifting motion is driven by electric cylinder 3 to move along the Z-axis. Guide rod 4 works in conjunction with the first linear bearing to ensure smooth operation of electric cylinder 3. Servo motor 6 drives gripper 9 to complete a precise 90° rotation via planetary reducer 7. The gripping action is controlled by three-axis cylinder 8. After the piston ring is supported inside the pneumatic gripper, the three-axis cylinder 8 extends to allow the gripper to smoothly retract from inside the piston, avoiding interference. This design achieves automatic gripping and flipping of the piston ring, significantly improving loading and unloading efficiency.

[0017] The structure of the transfer robot 3 is as follows Figure 2As shown, the X-axis movement adopts a gear and rack structure 13, driven by a servo motor 11 and a planetary reducer 12, ensuring high precision in horizontal movement. Cylinder 14 is responsible for Z-axis lifting, with second linear bearings and guide rods 16 on both sides to balance the mechanism and improve motion stability. Grippers A17, B18, and C20 each perform different transfer tasks. Gripper A17 receives the piston from the loading robot 2 and transfers it to the first station; gripper B18, in conjunction with a rotary cylinder 19, transfers the piston from the first station to the second station and performs a 180° flipping operation; gripper C20 transfers the chamfered piston to the tooling of the arrangement module 8. This design achieves efficient piston transfer between different stations.

[0018] The structure of piston rotation mechanism 21 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the two piston rotation mechanisms are mirror-image components used to achieve piston rotation and feed motion. Y-axis movement is driven by a servo motor 22, which drives the lead screw 23 to move precisely along the linear guide 24. The rotating spindle 25 is mounted on the nut of the lead screw 23 and is driven to rotate by a speed-regulating motor 26 via a synchronous pulley and belt 27, ensuring the piston maintains a stable speed during machining. The gripper 28 is connected to the hollow rotating spindle 25 via electrical wiring, and continuous electrical signal transmission is achieved through a pneumatic-electric slip ring 29, preventing wiring breakage due to excessive rotation. This design ensures the stability and accuracy of the piston during chamfering.

[0019] The structure of the piston chamfering mechanism 30 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the two chamfering mechanisms have the same structural design and are used to chamfer the outer diameter of the piston ring. The fixing mechanism supports the rotating shaft 32 through the bearing seat 31, and the honing stone mounting plate 33 is connected to the rotating shaft 32 for mounting the honing stone 34. The chamfering control mechanism fixes the honing stone 34 to the honing stone mounting plate 33 through a pressure plate. When the piston contacts the honing stone 34, the return spring 36 is stretched. The chamfer size is controlled by adjusting the K-value coefficient of the return spring 36 to control the Y-axis movement distance of the lead screw 23, thereby achieving precise control of the chamfer size. The waste collection mechanism is located below the honing stone to collect cutting powder, which is periodically cleaned through the slag collection box 37. This design realizes the automation and precision of the chamfering process.

[0020] The structure of the arrangement module 38 is as follows Figure 5 As shown, it is mounted on the main unit's large plate and is used to arrange the pistons that have undergone chamfering in sequence. X-axis movement is driven by servo motor 39, which moves the linear module 40 in the X-axis direction to ensure precise positioning of the fixture 41. The fixture 41 is made of plastic and has the function of cushioning impact and preventing damage. A floating mechanism 42 is located at the bottom of the fixture to prevent the robot arm from over-pressuring and damaging the linear module 40. This design achieves both orderly arrangement and protection of the pistons.

[0021] The touch screen 9 is mounted on the main board of the host computer and is used to operate and monitor the equipment's operating status. The electrical box 10 is set up independently of the main board for easy maintenance and management. The overall layout of the equipment is compact and reasonable, and the various functional modules work together to form a complete automated processing system.

[0022] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: S1, the loading robot 2 grips the piston ring by internal support, and the servo motor 6 drives the gripper to rotate 90°, flipping the piston ring to the designated position; S2, the pneumatic gripper A17 of the transfer robot 3 receives the piston from the loading robot 2 and transfers it to the first station. The piston rotation mechanism 4 moves forward to support the inner circle of the piston, driving the piston to rotate and move forward until it hits the oilstone 34 to complete the first chamfer; S3, after the chamfer is completed, the pneumatic gripper B18 of the transfer robot 3 grips the piston and flips it over, transferring it to the second station. The piston rotation mechanism 5 of the second station repeats the above process to complete the second chamfer; S4, after the chamfer is completed, the pneumatic gripper C20 of the transfer robot 3 transfers the piston to the tooling of the arrangement module 8, waiting to be taken away.

[0023] The technical advantages of this invention are reflected in the following aspects: Through the application of multi-station collaborative work and automated control technology, production efficiency is significantly improved; the use of servo motors to control the chamfer size, combined with a reset spring adjustment mechanism, ensures the stability of the chamfer dimensions; the equipment has a compact structure, making it easy to integrate into automated production lines, reducing process flows and improving overall line efficiency; the independent design of the waste collection mechanism and electrical box facilitates daily maintenance and cleaning, reducing equipment maintenance costs. The precise coordination and high degree of automation between the functional modules enable this invention to meet the needs of modern production, possessing significant technical advantages and application value.

[0024] In the above embodiments, all components are described according to the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings, specifically including: 1. Loading robot; 2. Servo motor; 3. Electric cylinder; 4. Guide rod; 5. First linear bearing; 6. Servo motor; 7. Planetary reducer; 8. Three-axis cylinder; 9. Parallel gripper; 10. Transfer robot; 11. Servo motor; 12. Planetary reducer; 13. Gear and rack; 14. Cylinder; 16. Second linear bearing; 17. Guide rod; 18. Gripper A; 19. Gripper B; 20. Rotary cylinder; 21. Gripper C; 22. Piston rotation mechanism; 23. Servo motor; 24. Linear guide rail; 25. Rotary spindle; 26. Speed ​​regulating motor; 27. Synchronous pulley and synchronous belt; 28. Gripper; 29. ​​Pneumatic and electric slip ring; 30. Piston chamfering mechanism; 31. Bearing seat; 32. Rotary shaft; 33. Oilstone mounting plate; 34. Oilstone; 35. Limit screw; 36. Return spring; 37. Slag receiving box; 38. Arrangement module; 39. Servo motor; 40. Linear module; 41. Tooling; 42. Floating mechanism, etc. These components together constitute a highly efficient and stable piston outer diameter chamfering machining system, achieving the goals of automated production and precision machining. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A piston outer circle chamfering machine, characterized in that, The system includes a main unit (1), a loading robot (2), a transfer robot (10), two sets of piston rotation mechanisms (21), two sets of piston chamfering mechanisms (30), an arrangement module (38), and a touch screen. The main unit (1) consists of a square tube welding frame and a large plate mounted on it. Each functional module is fixed to the large plate of the main unit (1) by bolts. The loading robot (2) is used to automatically clamp and flip the piston rings. The transfer robot (10) is used to transfer the piston between different workstations. The two sets of piston rotation mechanisms (21) are used to realize the rotation and feeding motion of the piston. The two sets of piston chamfering mechanisms (30) are used to complete the chamfering of the outer circle of the piston rings. The arrangement module (38) is used to arrange the pistons that have completed the chamfering in sequence.

2. The piston outer circle chamfering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading robot (2) includes an electric cylinder (3), a guide rod (4), a first linear bearing (5), a servo motor (6), a planetary reducer (7), a three-axis cylinder (8), and a parallel gripper (9). The lifting motion is driven by the electric cylinder (3) to move in the Z-axis direction. The guide rod (4) works in conjunction with the linear bearing (5) to ensure that the electric cylinder (3) runs smoothly. The servo motor (6) drives the parallel gripper (9) to complete a 90° rotation through the planetary reducer (7). The three-axis cylinder (8) controls the internal support action of the parallel gripper (9).

3. The piston outer circle chamfering machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The parallel pneumatic gripper (9) is further limited to being able to exit from inside the piston after completing the internal support action through the three-axis cylinder (8), thus avoiding interference.

4. The piston outer circle chamfering machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transfer manipulator (10) includes a servo motor (6), a planetary reducer (7), a gear rack (13), a cylinder (14), a second linear bearing (15), a guide rod (4), a gripper A (17), a gripper B (18), a rotary cylinder (19), and a gripper C (20). The X-axis movement is achieved by the servo motor (6) driving the gear rack (13) structure through the planetary reducer (7). The Z-axis lifting is handled by the cylinder (14). The second linear bearing (15) and the guide rod (4) are configured on both sides to improve the stability of the movement. The gripper A (17) is used to receive the piston and transfer it to the first station. The gripper B (18) cooperates with the rotary cylinder (19) to complete the flipping operation and transfer the piston to the second station. The gripper C (20) is used to transfer the piston that has completed the chamfering process to the tooling of the arrangement module (38).

5. The piston outer circle chamfering machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two sets of piston rotation mechanisms (21) are mirror components. Each set of piston rotation mechanisms (21) includes a servo motor (6), a lead screw (23), a linear guide rail (24), a rotating spindle (25), a speed-regulating motor (26), a synchronous pulley and synchronous belt (27), a gripper (28), and a pneumatic-electric slip ring (29). The Y-axis movement is driven by the servo motor (6) to move the lead screw (23) precisely along the linear guide rail (24). The rotating spindle (25) is mounted on the nut of the lead screw (23) and rotates by driving the synchronous pulley and synchronous belt (27) through the speed-regulating motor (26). The gripper (28) is connected to the hollow rotating spindle (25) through electrical lines and achieves continuous transmission of electrical signals through the pneumatic-electric slip ring (29).

6. The piston outer circle chamfering machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gripper (28) is further limited to achieve continuous transmission of electrical signals through a pneumatic slip ring (29) to avoid pipeline breakage due to excessive rotation.

7. The piston outer circle chamfering machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The two sets of piston chamfering mechanisms (30) have the same structural design. Each set of piston chamfering mechanisms (30) includes a bearing seat (31), a rotating shaft (32), an oilstone mounting plate (33), an oilstone (34), a return spring (36), and a slag collection box (37). The fixing mechanism supports the rotating shaft (32) through the bearing seat (31). The oilstone mounting plate (33) is connected to the rotating shaft (32) for mounting the oilstone (34). The size of the chamfer is controlled by adjusting the K value coefficient of the return spring (36) to control the Y-axis movement distance of the screw (23). The waste collection mechanism is set below the oilstone (34) and is cleaned periodically through the slag collection box (37).

8. The piston outer circle chamfering machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The arrangement module (38) includes a servo motor (6), a linear module (40), a fixture (41), and a floating mechanism (42). The X-axis movement is driven by the servo motor (6) to move the linear module (40) in the X-axis direction to ensure the precise positioning of the fixture (41). The fixture (41) is made of plastic material. The floating mechanism (42) is set at the bottom of the fixture to prevent the robot arm from damaging the linear module (40) due to excessive pressure.

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