A hay loading and unloading device
By combining a linear motor and a reverse double threaded rod, the loading and unloading mechanism solves the problem of inflexible adjustment of hay bales, achieving stable clamping and efficient stacking of hay bales, and improving the automation and safety of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NINGXIA ZHIXIN ANIMAL HUSBANDRY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing forage loading and unloading devices cannot flexibly adjust the direction of forage bales, resulting in low stacking efficiency and the need for frequent manual intervention.
The loading and unloading mechanism, which employs a linear motor, multi-stage electric push rod, and rotary motor for coordinated control, combined with a reverse double threaded rod and limit rod structure, enables multi-directional adjustment and stable clamping, thereby improving the flexibility and stability of palletizing.
It enables multi-directional adjustment and stable clamping of hay bales, improves palletizing efficiency, reduces manual intervention, and enhances the applicability and reliability of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN224529102U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of forage loading and unloading equipment, and in particular, it is a forage loading and unloading unloading equipment. Background Technology
[0002] In large-scale livestock farms, baled hay is usually purchased from outside sources for feeding (e.g., hay bales). When transporting hay bales to the farm, a hay loading and unloading device is needed to stack the hay. However, existing unloading devices cannot flexibly adjust to the direction of the hay bales and can only stack hay bales in one direction, which is not very practical.
[0003] A search revealed a Chinese patent document (authorization announcement number CN209988731U) for a fully automatic tobacco palletizing machine, comprising a frame, a tobacco conveying platform, a side-pushing mechanism, and an up-and-down lifting device. The tobacco conveying platform is horizontally arranged within the frame, and the up-and-down lifting device is fixed to the right side of the platform. The side-pushing mechanism is installed above the lifting device and is fixed to the frame by screws and bolts. This device solves the problem of existing equipment being unable to convey materials. However, it still has the problem of not being able to properly palletize tilted hay bales, requiring frequent manual intervention and reducing the device's palletizing efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a feeding device for loading and unloading hay to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a forage loading and unloading device, comprising an installed linear motor, a movable plate fixed to the movable part of the linear motor, a connecting frame welded to the top of the movable plate, a multi-stage telescopic electric push rod installed on the top of the connecting frame, the telescopic part of the electric push rod passing through the connecting frame and connected to a first mounting plate, a rotary motor embedded inside the first mounting plate, the output shaft of the rotary motor fixed to the connecting plate via a flange, a slide rail located at the bottom of the first mounting plate on the outside of the output shaft of the rotary motor, two symmetrical sliding plates slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide rail, the side walls of the two sliding plates being fixed to the top of the connecting plate via welded fixing rods, and a loading and unloading device for stacking forage bales provided at the bottom of the connecting plate.
[0006] As a preferred embodiment, a fixing frame is fixed to the bottom of the connecting plate, and a reverse double threaded rod is rotatably connected inside the fixing frame. The output shaft of the drive motor is fixed to one end of the reverse double threaded rod, and the fixing part of the drive motor is embedded in the end of the fixing frame.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment, parallel straight rods are provided on both sides of the reverse double threaded rod, and the two straight rods and the reverse double threaded rod are connected to a moving block.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment, a mounting block is welded to the bottom of the movable block, and the bottom of the mounting block is provided with a plug hole. A fixing block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the plug hole, and the fixing block is connected to a bolt provided on the side wall of the mounting block.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment, a long plate is welded to the side wall of the fixing block, and two symmetrical limiting rods are fixed to the side wall of the long plate. The side wall of the limiting rods is connected to the end of the hay bale.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment, a fixed plate is welded to the top of the movable plate, and a multi-stage telescopic cylinder is installed on the top of the fixed plate. Symmetrical long rods are provided on both sides of the cylinder, and a cross plate is connected to the telescopic part of the cylinder and the two long rods.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment, two linear motors are embedded in the bottom of the horizontal plate, and a second mounting plate is fixed to the moving parts of the two linear motors. Loading and unloading equipment is fixed to the bottom of the second mounting plate.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows: This hay loading and unloading equipment boasts core advantages in its highly flexible multi-directional adjustment capabilities and stable, reliable performance. Through the coordinated control of linear motors, multi-stage electric push rods, and rotary motors, the equipment achieves precise adjustments in multiple degrees of freedom, including horizontal movement, vertical lifting, and 360° rotation. This significantly enhances the equipment's adaptability to different stacking positions and angles, making it particularly suitable for various hay bale stacking configurations. Simultaneously, the equipment's reverse double-threaded rod drive mechanism and symmetrically arranged limit rod structure stably clamp the hay bales, effectively preventing tilting or slippage during handling. This not only improves the overall stability and operational safety of the stacking process but also significantly reduces operational interruptions caused by manual intervention, further enhancing stacking efficiency.
[0013] This forage loading and unloading equipment demonstrates excellent practicality and maintainability in its structural design and system integration. Key modules, such as fixing blocks and mounting blocks, employ bolted and plug-in connections, giving the equipment strong modularity and facilitating quick disassembly, replacement, or repair, thus reducing later maintenance costs and time. The drive components used, such as motors, push rods, and linear modules, are all common standard parts on the market, making them easy to procure and replace, enhancing the equipment's economy and sustainable use. Its control system can be programmed to achieve automated continuous operation, applicable not only to forage bales but also to other similarly shaped agricultural material stacking scenarios, demonstrating broad applicability and good promotional value. The machine has a robust structure, smooth movement, and safe operation, meeting the urgent needs of modern large-scale farms for efficient and reliable forage loading and unloading equipment.
[0014] This device solves the problem that existing equipment requires manual intervention to connect the hay bales to the unloading equipment when they tilt during transport by vehicles, and cannot be automatically adjusted flexibly. This improves the efficiency of unloading and stacking. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a forage loading and unloading device according to this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for installing the connecting frame of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the long plate of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing plate of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the horizontal plate of this utility model.
[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: In the diagram: 1. Linear motor; 2. Moving plate; 3. Connecting frame; 4. First mounting plate; 5. Connecting plate; 6. Straight rod; 7. Electric push rod; 8. Slide rail; 9. Slide plate; 10. Fixed rod; 11. Reverse double threaded rod; 12. Moving block; 13. Long plate; 14. Round rod; 15. Fixed frame; 16. Drive motor; 17. Fixed block; 18. Limiting rod; 19. Mounting block; 20. Bolt; 21. Horizontal plate; 22. Fixed plate; 23. Long rod; 24. Cylinder; 25. Second mounting plate; 26. Linear motor. Detailed Implementation
[0018] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described in order to avoid confusion with the present invention.
[0019] Unless otherwise defined, the directions mentioned herein, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, and outside, are based on the directions shown in the figures of this utility model, and are explained here together.
[0020] The connection method can be any existing method, such as bonding, welding, or bolting, depending on the actual needs.
[0021] A type of forage loading and unloading equipment, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, include: The base moving mechanism, the lifting and rotating mechanism, and the loading and unloading execution mechanism.
[0022] The base moving mechanism includes a linear motor 1 fixed to the mounting base. The moving part of the linear motor 1 is fixedly connected to a moving plate 2 to drive the entire equipment to move back and forth in the horizontal direction. The moving plate 2 is welded from Q235B steel and hot-dip galvanized to adapt to the high humidity conditions of the farmland environment and prevent rust.
[0023] A connecting frame 3 is welded to the top of the movable plate 2. A multi-stage telescopic electric push rod 7 is mounted on the top of the connecting frame 3. The telescopic part of the electric push rod 7 passes downward through the connecting frame 3 and is connected to the first mounting plate 4 via a flange. To ensure the stability of the movement of the first mounting plate 4 connected to the electric push rod 7, two straight rods 6 with smooth outer circumferences are fixed to the top of the first mounting plate 4. The sidewalls of the two straight rods 6 are slidably connected to the ends of the connecting frame 3, and the two straight rods 6 are symmetrically arranged with the fixed electric push rod 7, passing through the connecting frame 3. The outer shell of the electric push rod 7 adopts a sealed design with a protection level of not less than IP65. The internal lead screw is chrome-plated for rust prevention to prevent grass clippings and dust from entering and affecting its service life.
[0024] A rotary motor (specific model not shown in the figure) is embedded inside the first mounting plate 4. The output shaft of the rotary motor is axially fixed to the connecting plate 5 via a flange. A slide rail 8 is fixedly installed on the outside of the output shaft of the rotary motor, at the bottom of the first mounting plate 4. Two symmetrically arranged sliding plates 9 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide rail 8. The side walls of the two sliding plates 9 are fixed to the top of the connecting plate 5 by welded fixing rods 10, forming a stable rotational auxiliary support structure. The slide rail 8 and the sliding plates 9 are made of high-carbon chromium bearing steel, and the sliding surfaces are coated with a molybdenum disulfide solid lubricant coating, which has both wear resistance and self-lubricating properties, ensuring stable operation even in dusty environments.
[0025] The bottom of the connecting plate 5 is equipped with a loading and unloading mechanism for stacking hay bales. This mechanism includes a mounting frame 15 welded to the bottom of the connecting plate 5, inside which a reverse double-threaded rod 11 is rotatably connected via bearings. A drive motor 16 is embedded at the end of the mounting frame 15, and its output shaft is fixed to one end of the reverse double-threaded rod 11. The drive motor 16 is a waterproof and dustproof servo motor with an IP67 protection rating. Two optical shafts, serving as round rods 14, are arranged parallel to each other on both sides of the reverse double-threaded rod 11. The reverse double-threaded rod 11 and the two round rods 14 pass through a moving block 12. A mounting block 19 is welded to the bottom of the moving block 12. An insertion hole is formed at the bottom of the mounting block 19, and a fixing block 17 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the insertion hole, and is tightened by bolts 20 screwed into the side wall of the mounting block 19. The sidewall of the fixing block 17 is welded with a long plate 13, and the sidewall of the long plate 13 is also fixed with two symmetrically arranged limiting rods 18. The sidewall of the limiting rod 18 is used to contact the end of the hay bale and apply clamping force. The surface of the limiting rod 18 is covered with a polyurethane rubber sleeve, which increases the coefficient of friction to prevent the hay bale from slipping off, and avoids direct contact between the metal rod and the hay bale, thus preventing damage.
[0026] By controlling the drive motor 16 embedded at one end of the fixing frame 15, the reverse double threaded rod 11 connected to its output shaft is rotated, which drives the two opposing moving blocks 12 connected to the reverse double threaded rod 11 to move inside the fixing frame 15, so that the long plate 13 fixed at the bottom of the moving block 12 can abut against the hay bale, thus completing the fixing of the hay bale.
[0027] In addition, another embodiment of this utility model focuses on warehousing operations in fixed locations. The fixed plate 22 and the movable plate 2 are fixedly connected to form a gantry crane structure. This structure is particularly suitable for the interior of hay storage facilities. The fixed plate 22, linear motor 1, and movable plate 2 serve as the main body of the gantry crane, which is installed using the space rails above the facility. This enables large-scale, high-span hay bale transfer and stacking operations, further expanding the application scenarios of the equipment.
[0028] A multi-stage telescopic cylinder 24 is mounted on the top of the fixed plate 22, and two long rods 23 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cylinder 24. The telescopic part of the cylinder 24 and the two long rods 23 are connected to a horizontal plate 21. Two linear motors 26 are embedded in the bottom of the horizontal plate 21, and the moving parts of the two linear motors 26 are fixed to a second mounting plate 25. The bottom of the second mounting plate 25 can be used to install auxiliary supports or clamping equipment (such as forks, belt clamps, etc.) to work in conjunction with the main loading and unloading actuator to handle tilted or irregularly sized hay bales. The linear motors 26 are also sealed products, and their slide rails 8 and related moving structures are equipped with removable 304 stainless steel protective covers for easy regular cleaning and maintenance.
[0029] The linear motor 1, electric push rod 7, drive motor 16, rotary motor, cylinder 24, and linear motor 26 are all conventional instruments. Their working principles, dimensions, and models are irrelevant to the function of this application, and therefore will not be described in detail. The control method of this utility model is through a central controller (such as a PLC), and the control circuit can be implemented by those skilled in the art through simple programming. All motors, push rods, cylinders, and other power units are connected to the controller and can receive feedback from a vision recognition system or position sensor to achieve fully automatic or semi-automatic operation cycles. To facilitate equipment inspection, maintenance, and parts replacement, key mechanical interfaces (such as the plug-in connection between mounting block 19 and fixing block 17, and the mounting bases of each motor) adopt standardized and modular designs. Therefore, even if there is a certain gap between two or more electrical control devices, the synchronous movement of the electrical control devices can still be maintained under the action of the controller. The power supply is also common knowledge in the field, and since this utility model is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail. All standard parts used in this utility model can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the existing technology. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the existing technology.
[0030] Working principle In this hay loading and unloading equipment, during operation, the linear motor 1 first drives the entire mechanism to move horizontally above the target hay bale. Then, the electric push rod 7 descends, aligning the limit rod 18 with both ends of the bale. The drive motor 16 starts, rotating the reverse double-threaded rod 11, causing the two moving blocks 12 to move towards each other, thus clamping the hay bale via the long plate 13 and the limit rod 18. After clamping, the electric push rod 7 raises the bale to a safe height. If the stacking direction needs adjustment, the rotary motor can rotate the connecting plate 5 and the entire clamping mechanism 0-360°. The linear motor 1 starts again, transporting the bale above the stacking point. The electric push rod 7 descends and releases the bale, completing one work cycle.
[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "one" and "two" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the phrase "comprising an element defined as..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A forage loading and unloading device, comprising an installed linear motor (1), a movable plate (2) fixed to the movable part of the linear motor (1), and a connecting frame (3) welded to the top of the movable plate (2), characterized in that: The top of the connecting frame (3) is equipped with a multi-stage telescopic electric push rod (7). The telescopic part of the electric push rod (7) passes through the connecting frame (3) and is connected to the first mounting plate (4). The first mounting plate (4) is embedded with a rotary motor. The output shaft of the rotary motor is fixed to the connecting plate (5) through a flange. The outer side of the output shaft of the rotary motor is also provided with a slide rail (8) located at the bottom of the first mounting plate (4). The inner wall of the slide rail (8) is slidably connected with two symmetrical sliding plates (9). The side walls of the two sliding plates (9) are fixed to the top of the connecting plate (5) through a welded fixing rod (10). The bottom of the connecting plate (5) is provided with loading and unloading equipment for stacking hay bales.
2. The forage loading and unloading equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the connecting plate (5) is fixed with a fixing frame (15), and the inside of the fixing frame (15) is rotatably connected with a reverse double threaded rod (11). One end of the reverse double threaded rod (11) is fixed with the output shaft of the drive motor (16), and the fixing part of the drive motor (16) is embedded in the end of the fixing frame (15).
3. The forage loading and unloading equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reverse double threaded rod (11) is also provided with parallel round rods (14) on both sides, and the two round rods (14) and the reverse double threaded rod (11) are connected to a moving block (12).
4. The forage loading and unloading equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the movable block (12) is welded with an installation block (19). The bottom of the installation block (19) is provided with a plug hole. The inner wall of the plug hole is slidably connected with a fixing block (17). The fixing block (17) is connected to a bolt (20) provided on the side wall of the installation block (19).
5. The forage loading and unloading equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the fixing block (17) is welded with a long plate (13), and the side wall of the long plate (13) is also fixed with two symmetrical limiting rods (18), and the side wall of the limiting rods (18) is connected to the end of the hay bale.
6. The forage loading and unloading equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the movable plate (2) is also welded with a fixed plate (22). The top of the fixed plate (22) is equipped with a multi-stage telescopic cylinder (24). Symmetrical long rods (23) are provided on both sides of the cylinder (24). A horizontal plate (21) is connected to the telescopic part of the two long rods (23) and the cylinder (24).
7. The forage loading and unloading equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two linear motors (26) are embedded in the bottom of the horizontal plate (21). The moving parts of the two linear motors (26) are fixed with a second mounting plate (25). The bottom of the second mounting plate (25) is fixed with a loading and unloading device.