A crude oil dehydration and desalting test device
By combining ultrasonic, thermochemical, and electrochemical technologies, a crude oil dehydration and desalting test device was developed, which solved the problems of aged oil occupying equipment volume and being difficult to dehydrate. It achieved efficient oil-water separation and cost reduction, providing parameter basis for industrialization.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LANZHOU HENGDA PETROCHEMICAL MASCH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Aged oil occupies equipment volume in crude oil dehydration systems, reduces equipment utilization, increases dehydration difficulty, affects the safe operation and dehydration effect of electrostatic dehydrators, leads to increased costs, and existing ultrasonic demulsification methods have limitations in industrial applications.
Combining ultrasonic demulsification with traditional thermochemical and electrochemical technologies, a crude oil dehydration and desalting test device was designed, including an ultrasonic emulsification tank and an electrochemical dehydration and desalting tank. By using the mechanical vibration and electric field effect of ultrasound, combined with chemical demulsifiers, the demulsification and dehydration parameters were optimized to simulate a dehydration and desalting process suitable for the target oil.
It improves the utilization rate of crude oil dehydration equipment, reduces the vicious cycle of aging oil, lowers dehydration costs, enhances oil-water separation effect, and provides a scientific basis for industrial-scale equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN224530867U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crude oil dehydration and desalting test technology, specifically to a crude oil dehydration and desalting test device. Background Technology
[0002] Aged oil, also known as aged crude oil, refers to crude oil emulsions formed during crude oil production and processing under the influence of factors such as chemicals, mechanical impurities, asphaltenes, bacteria, air, and cyclic shearing. Its emulsion state becomes increasingly stable, and it cannot be treated with conventional chemicals and methods, thus having a significant impact on the crude oil dehydration system.
[0003] A large amount of aged oil circulates within the station, occupying the effective volume of dehydration equipment such as settling tanks and electrostatic precipitators, reducing the utilization rate of crude oil dehydration equipment. Secondly, it increases the difficulty of crude oil settling and dehydration, affecting the safe operation and dehydration effect of the electrostatic precipitator. Aged oil causes a sharp decline in the dehydration effect of the electrostatic precipitator, even leading to electric field instability and reverse electric field phenomena, rendering the electrostatic precipitator inoperable. To ensure the water content of exported crude oil meets the standards, it is necessary to discharge the water-containing crude oil from the bottom of the purified oil tank that does not meet the export standards into the sludge pool, or to mix it back into the primary tank, further deteriorating the oil properties and creating a vicious cycle. Finally, it increases the cost of crude oil dehydration. Because the mixing of aged oil increases the difficulty of dehydration, the water content of the crude oil after thermochemical settling increases, and the dehydration temperature and dosage also increase rapidly.
[0004] Domestic and international research indicates that ultrasonic demulsification is a novel demulsification method that can effectively solve these problems. However, ultrasonic crude oil demulsification mainly utilizes the mechanical vibration of ultrasound waves propagating in the medium. Influenced by factors such as medium viscosity, its propagation range is limited. If the dehydration and desalting device is too large, its energy gradually decreases, reducing its effectiveness; if the device is too small, the mechanical vibration is too strong, and there is insufficient separation space for salt- and water-containing crude oils within the device. Different crude oils require different reaction conditions due to their different physicochemical properties. The level of industrialization is not high; many applications are only completed in the laboratory and have not been widely used in industrial production.
[0005] Therefore, ultrasonic demulsification, desalting, and dehydration of crude oil alone have certain limitations. To fully utilize ultrasonic demulsification, this patented technology combines ultrasonic demulsification with traditional thermochemical and electrochemical techniques to create a combined experimental device. This device can conduct dehydration and desalting tests on different oil products. Based on the test data, parameters such as residence time, dehydration temperature, sound intensity, dosage (demulsifier), voltage, and current can be specifically selected to ultimately determine the industrial-scale production unit. This reduces the risk of oil fields and refineries directly implementing large-scale industrial units with poor treatment results. Utility Model Content
[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a crude oil dehydration and desalting test device, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a crude oil dehydration and desalting test device, comprising an ultrasonic emulsification tank and an electric dehydration and desalting tank, wherein an emulsification mechanism is provided on the outside of the ultrasonic emulsification tank and a processing mechanism is provided inside the electric dehydration and desalting tank.
[0008] Preferably, the emulsification mechanism includes an ultrasonic generator mounted on the top of the ultrasonic emulsification tank.
[0009] Preferably, the processing mechanism includes a first high-voltage inlet and a second high-voltage inlet disposed at the top of the electro-dehydration and desalination tank, an insulator is disposed at the top of the interior of the electro-dehydration and desalination tank, a plurality of electrode plates are disposed at the bottom of the insulator, and a zero-electrode perforated plate is disposed between the inner walls of the electro-dehydration and desalination tank.
[0010] Preferably, the ultrasonic emulsifying tank and the electric dehydration and desalination tank are provided with local and remote integrated temperature transmitter ports and integrated pressure transmitter interfaces on both sides of the top. The ultrasonic emulsifying tank and the electric dehydration and desalination tank are provided with oil phase outlets on the top side. The ultrasonic emulsifying tank and the electric dehydration and desalination tank are provided with water-containing crude oil inlets on one side of the top. The opening of the water-containing crude oil inlets is provided with anti-impact plates. The bottom of the ultrasonic emulsifying tank and the electric dehydration and desalination tank is provided with wash water inlets. The top of the wash water inlets is provided with anti-vortex plates.
[0011] Preferably, the ultrasonic emulsifying tank and the electric dehydration and desalination tank are provided with electric heating interfaces on their sides, and a first viewing window and a second viewing window are fixedly connected to the sides of the ultrasonic emulsifying tank and the electric dehydration and desalination tank.
[0012] Preferably, the inlet side of the water-containing crude oil and the injection port of the water-containing crude oil are connected through a first conveying pipe. The inlet port of the first conveying pipe is equipped with a first check valve, and the outlet port of the first conveying pipe is equipped with a first shut-off valve. A second conveying pipe is provided on one side of the first check valve. One end of the second conveying pipe is connected to a qualified oil outlet. The bottom end of the second conveying pipe is connected through a third conveying pipe. One side of the third conveying pipe is connected to an oil phase outlet, and a first sampling port is provided on the outer side of the third conveying pipe. One end of the third conveying pipe is connected to an oil phase outlet, and a second sampling port is provided on one side of the third conveying pipe. The bottom end of the water washing water inlet is connected through a fourth conveying pipe. The outer side of the fourth conveying pipe has a third sampling port and a fourth sampling port. The outer side of one end of the fourth conveying pipe is equipped with a second shut-off valve and a second check valve. The inlet end of the fourth conveying pipe is equipped with a water washing water inlet, and the inlet of the fourth conveying pipe is equipped with a water injection port.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This utility model provides a crude oil dehydration and desalting test device: 1. Through this experimental device, ultrasound is applied to a large amount of aged oil circulating in the station to test suitable demulsification and dehydration parameters, reduce the effective volume occupied by aged oil in settling tanks, electrostatic dehydrators and other dehydration equipment, improve the utilization rate of crude oil dehydration equipment, and use ultrasonic demulsification as an auxiliary device for electrostatic desalting and dehydration to increase the difficulty of crude oil settling and dehydration.
[0014] 2. The intermediate layer that is difficult to remove in the electric demulsifier can be returned to the ultrasonic demulsifier through the process pipeline for demulsification, and will no longer be discharged or mixed back. The properties of the oil will not deteriorate further, reducing the vicious cycle and ensuring the safe operation and dehydration and desalting effect of crude oil electric dehydration and desalting.
[0015] 3. Because the re-blending of aged oil increases the difficulty of dehydration and desalination, the water content of the crude oil after thermochemical sedimentation increases, and the dehydration temperature and dosage also increase rapidly. Reducing the re-blending will prevent the dehydration temperature and dosage from increasing further, thus lowering the cost of dehydration and desalination.
[0016] 5. It can evenly disperse natural emulsifiers such as paraffin, gum, and asphalt in crude oil media, increase their solubility, reduce the mechanical strength of the oil-water interface film, and facilitate the sedimentation and separation of the aqueous phase. Through a combination of dehydration tests such as ultrasonic, thermal sedimentation, thermochemical, and electro-dehydration, a set of dehydration and desalination parameters suitable for the target oil can be simulated, providing a scientific basis for industrial equipment. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated pressure transmitter interface structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the oil phase outlet structure of this utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second window structure of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the insulator structure of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second high-voltage inlet structure of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first high-pressure inlet structure of this utility model.
[0018] In the diagram: 1. Ultrasonic emulsification tank; 2. Electrostatic dehydration and desalination tank; 3. Emulsification mechanism; 301. Ultrasonic generator; 4. Machining mechanism; 401. First high-voltage inlet; 402. Second high-voltage inlet; 403. Insulator; 404. Electrode plate; 405. Zero-pole orifice plate; 5. Local / remote integrated temperature transmitter port; 6. Integrated pressure transmitter interface; 7. Oil phase outlet; 8. Water-containing crude oil inlet; 9. Anti-impact plate; 11. Anti-vortex plate; 12. 13. Electric heating interface; 14. First viewing window; 15. Second viewing window; 16. Injection port for water-containing crude oil; 17. First delivery pipe; 18. First check valve; 19. First shut-off valve; 20. Second delivery pipe; 21. Qualified oil outlet; 22. Third delivery pipe; 23. Second sampling port; 24. Fourth delivery pipe; 25. Third sampling port; 26. Second shut-off valve; 27. Second check valve; 28. Water inlet for washing; 281. Water inlet for washing. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0020] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.
[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or setting, a detachable connection or setting, or an integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0023] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention proposes a crude oil dehydration and desalting test device, which includes an ultrasonic emulsification tank 1 and an electric dehydration and desalting tank 2. An emulsification mechanism 3 is provided on the outside of the ultrasonic emulsification tank 1, and a processing mechanism 4 is provided inside the electric dehydration and desalting tank 2.
[0024] The emulsification mechanism 3 includes an ultrasonic generator 301 mounted on top of the ultrasonic emulsification tank 1.
[0025] The processing mechanism 4 includes a first high-voltage inlet 401 and a second high-voltage inlet 402 located at the top of the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2. An insulator 403 is located at the top of the interior of the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2. Several electrode plates 404 are located at the bottom of the insulator 403. A zero-electrode perforated plate 405 is located between the inner walls of the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2.
[0026] The ultrasonic emulsifying tank 1 and the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2 are provided with local and remote integrated temperature transmitter ports 5 and integrated pressure transmitter interfaces 6 on both sides of the top. The ultrasonic emulsifying tank 1 and the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2 are provided with oil phase outlets 7 on the top side. The ultrasonic emulsifying tank 1 and the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2 are provided with water-containing crude oil inlets 8 on one side of the top. The opening of the water-containing crude oil inlet 8 is provided with anti-impact plates 9. The bottom of the ultrasonic emulsifying tank 1 and the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2 is provided with washing water inlets 281. The top of the washing water inlets 281 is provided with anti-vortex plates 11.
[0027] An electric heating interface 12 is provided on the side of the ultrasonic emulsification tank 1 and the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2. A first viewing window 13 and a second viewing window 14 are fixedly connected to the side of the ultrasonic emulsification tank 1 and the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2.
[0028] A first conveying pipe 16 connects the water-containing crude oil inlet 8 to the water-containing crude oil injection port 15. A first check valve 17 is installed at the inlet port of the first conveying pipe 16, and a first shut-off valve 18 is installed at the outlet port. A second conveying pipe 19 is installed to one side of the first check valve 17. One end of the second conveying pipe 19 is connected to a qualified oil outlet 20, and the bottom end of the second conveying pipe 19 is connected to a third conveying pipe 21. One side of the third conveying pipe 21 is connected to the oil phase outlet 7, and the third conveying pipe 21... A first sampling port is provided on the outside. One end of the third delivery pipe 21 is connected to the oil phase outlet 7. A second sampling port 22 is provided on one side of the third delivery pipe 21. A fourth delivery pipe 23 is connected to the bottom end of the water washing water inlet 281. A third sampling port 24 and a fourth sampling port 25 are provided on the outside of the fourth delivery pipe 23. A second shut-off valve 26 and a second check valve 27 are provided on the outside of one end of the fourth delivery pipe 23. A water washing water inlet 281 is provided at the liquid inlet end of the fourth delivery pipe 23. A water injection washing water inlet 28 is provided at the water inlet of the fourth delivery pipe 23. Ultrasonic crude oil dehydration achieves oil-water separation based on the "displacement effect" generated by ultrasound acting on fluid media with different properties. Due to the "displacement effect," water ions continuously move towards antinodes or nodes, aggregate, and collide, generating larger water droplets. These droplets then separate from the oil under gravity. Ultrasonic crude oil dehydration mainly utilizes the mechanical vibration and thermal effect of the ultrasonic generator 301. The vibration of the ultrasonic generator 301 promotes the coagulation of water particles. When ultrasound passes through a crude oil medium containing suspended water particles, the suspended water particles vibrate together with the crude oil medium. Because suspended water particles of different sizes have different relative vibration velocities, the water particles collide and adhere to each other, increasing both the volume and mass of the particles. Sedimentation separation: The ultrasonic generator 301 can evenly disperse natural emulsifiers such as paraffin, colloids, and asphalt in crude oil, increasing their solubility and reducing the mechanical strength of the oil-water interface film, which is beneficial for the sedimentation separation of the aqueous phase. The thermal effect can reduce the strength of the oil-water interface film and the viscosity of crude oil. On the one hand, boundary friction raises the temperature at the oil-water interface, which is conducive to the rupture of the interface film. On the other hand, the crude oil absorbs some of the acoustic energy and converts it into heat energy, which can reduce the viscosity of the crude oil and facilitate the gravity sedimentation separation of water particles. The ultrasonic demulsification generated by the ultrasonic generator 301 is influenced by many factors, such as sound intensity, ultrasonic frequency, radiation time, temperature, sedimentation time, and crude oil viscosity. Sound intensity and its distribution are among the important factors affecting ultrasonic demulsification. Because crude oils vary significantly in properties, the optimal acoustic intensity required for demulsification differs. Within a certain range, the wave frequency only affects the distance "particles" travel towards antinodes or nodes, and its impact on the demulsification effect is not significant within the same range. The optimal frequency for particle aggregation under the influence of sound waves is approximately 20–25 kHz. Emulsification and demulsification are actually a dynamic equilibrium process; selecting an appropriate treatment time can achieve demulsification. However, if the ultrasonic treatment time is too long, it may emulsify the separated oil and water phases, forming a more stable emulsion. Therefore, longer acoustic radiation time is not necessarily better.
[0029] Oil well products are heated to increase the temperature, which reduces the viscosity of the crude oil and increases the density difference between oil and water. Through gravity sedimentation, the water-containing crude oil is separated by sedimentation in a settling tank, forming an oil-water interface. The oil is then discharged through different outlets, achieving the effect of separating free water from the crude oil. To achieve the sedimentation and dehydration effect of crude oil, it is heated before entering the settling tank to increase the temperature of the oil flow and accelerate its molecular motion. By staying in the settling tank for a certain period of time, the density difference between oil and water is used to achieve the purpose of dehydration.
[0030] The key to chemical dehydration is selecting the optimal chemical demulsifier to break the emulsion, reduce the strength of the oil-water interface, separate the emulsion water, and achieve crude oil dehydration. Ideally, a demulsifier suitable for low-temperature conditions should be used to achieve the desired demulsification and dehydration. The better the demulsifier's performance, the higher the crude oil dehydration efficiency. When selecting a chemical demulsifier, it is necessary to use a product with good demulsification effect and low price to meet the technical requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction in oilfield production.
[0031] Electrostatic desalting and dehydration refers to the process of placing crude oil emulsion in a high-voltage AC or DC electric field. Under the action of the electric field force, the strength of the water droplet interface film is weakened, promoting the collision between water droplets and causing them to coalesce and settle, thereby removing the emulsified water from the crude oil. Under the action of the electric field, charged water droplets achieve separation through electrophoretic coalescence, dipole coalescence, and oscillatory coalescence. An appropriate amount of clean water is injected into the ultrasonic demulsification tank 1 and the electric dehydration tank 2 from the water inlet 281. The water level should be above the crude oil inlet 15 and not exceed the electric heater. This allows the injected crude oil to be washed with water, causing the oil-water interface film of some of the oil-in-water O / W particles in the oil-water mixture to break. As a result, a large number of water molecules, acid and alkali ions, and mineral salts dissolve in the free water and will be discharged with the water. After the water wash is injected, the crude oil outlet valve of the ultrasonic demulsifying tank 1 is closed. The target crude oil is injected into the ultrasonic demulsifying tank 1 through the water-containing crude oil injection port 15 by a certain pressurization method, so that the ultrasonic demulsifying tank 1 is kept within a certain pressure range, such as 0.2 to 0.3 MPa. The pressure can be set according to the test results, and finally a suitable temperature range is simulated. The electric heater of the ultrasonic demulsification tank 1 is interlocked with the temperature transmitter to keep the liquid temperature in the tank within a certain range, such as 70-80℃. The temperature range can be set according to the test results to finally simulate a suitable temperature range. The suitable temperature can reduce the viscosity of crude oil, dissolve the gum and asphalt in the crude oil, and increase the density difference between oil and water, so that the oil and water phases can be better separated. Set the sound intensity, frequency and other parameters, turn on the power of the ultrasonic generator 301, and use it to oscillate and break the emulsion. After acting for a period of time, such as 30 minutes or 60 minutes, depending on the demulsification effect observed by sampling, open the oil phase outlet valve 7 and the inlet valve of the ultrasonic demulsification tank 1 to allow it to enter the ultrasonic demulsification tank 1. Continue to inject the target crude oil into the ultrasonic demulsification tank 1, and push all the demulsified crude oil into the electric dehydration and desalting tank 2, repeating steps 2 to 5. After the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2 is filled and pressurized, set the temperature parameters inside the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2, turn on the electric heater and temperature transmitter interlock to ensure that the liquid inside the tank is within a suitable temperature range. Turn on the power supply to the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2, and control and set the electric field parameters through the 403 insulator, 404 electrode plate, and 405 zero-pole orifice plate to apply an electric field to the water-containing crude oil in the electric dehydration and desalination tank 2.
[0032] After a certain period of time, samples are taken from oil phase outlet 7 to test the water content, and the test parameters are determined based on the test results.
[0033] The above experimental process was repeated multiple times, and the parameters were continuously revised to simulate suitable parameters for processing the target crude oil.
[0034] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.
[0035] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A crude oil dehydration and desalting test device, comprising an ultrasonic emulsification tank (1), a water-containing crude oil inlet (8), a wash water inlet (281), and an electric dehydration and desalting tank (2), characterized in that, An emulsification mechanism (3) is provided on the outside of the ultrasonic emulsification tank (1), and a processing mechanism (4) is provided inside the electric dehydration and desalination tank (2). The inlet (8) of the water-containing crude oil is connected to the injection port (15) of the water-containing crude oil via a first conveying pipe (16). A first check valve (17) is installed at the inlet port of the first conveying pipe (16), and a first shut-off valve (18) is installed at the outlet port of the first conveying pipe (16). A second conveying pipe (19) is installed on one side of the first check valve (17). One end of the second conveying pipe (19) is connected to a qualified oil outlet (20), and the bottom end of the second conveying pipe (19) is connected to a third conveying pipe (21). One side of the third conveying pipe (21) is connected to the oil phase outlet (7), and the third conveying pipe (21)... A first sampling port is provided on the outside. One end of the third delivery pipe (21) is connected to the oil phase outlet (7). A second sampling port (22) is provided on one side of the third delivery pipe (21). A fourth delivery pipe (23) is connected to the bottom end of the water washing water inlet (281). A third sampling port (24) and a fourth sampling port (25) are provided on the outside of the fourth delivery pipe (23). A second shut-off valve (26) and a second check valve (27) are provided on the outside of one end of the fourth delivery pipe (23). A water washing water inlet (281) is provided at the liquid inlet end of the fourth delivery pipe (23). A water injection washing water inlet (28) is provided at the water inlet of the fourth delivery pipe (23). The emulsification mechanism (3) includes an ultrasonic generator (301) mounted on the top of the ultrasonic emulsification tank (1). The processing mechanism (4) includes a first high-voltage inlet (401) and a second high-voltage inlet (402) disposed at the top of the electric dehydration and desalination tank (2). An insulator (403) is disposed at the top of the inside of the electric dehydration and desalination tank (2). Several electrode plates (404) are disposed at the bottom of the insulator (403). A zero-pole perforated plate (405) is disposed between the inner walls of the electric dehydration and desalination tank (2).
2. The crude oil dehydration and desalting test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic emulsifying tank (1) and the electric dehydration and desalting tank (2) are provided with local and remote integrated temperature transmitter ports (5) and integrated pressure transmitter interfaces (6) on both sides of the top. The ultrasonic emulsifying tank (1) and the electric dehydration and desalting tank (2) are provided with oil phase outlets (7) on the top side. The ultrasonic emulsifying tank (1) and the electric dehydration and desalting tank (2) are provided with water-containing crude oil inlets (8) on one side of the top. The opening of the water-containing crude oil inlets (8) is provided with anti-impact plates (9). The bottom of the ultrasonic emulsifying tank (1) and the electric dehydration and desalting tank (2) is provided with washing water inlets (281). The top of the washing water inlets (281) is provided with anti-vortex plates (11).
3. The crude oil dehydration and desalting test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic emulsifying tank (1) and the electric dehydration and desalination tank (2) are provided with an electric heating interface (12) on their sides, and a first viewing window (13) and a second viewing window (14) are fixedly connected to the sides of the ultrasonic emulsifying tank (1) and the electric dehydration and desalination tank (2).