A printing plate

Abstract

The utility model discloses a printing plate, the printing plate includes metal film, the metal film is provided with opening area and protection area, the protection area surrounds and forms the opening area, the opening area includes a plurality of first material opening of interval arrangement, the first material opening includes along the first hole section, second hole section and third hole section of sequentially intercommunication in the thickness direction of metal film, for make the metal paste that flows from the first hole section flows through the second hole section and flows from the third hole section, the second hole section along the opening width on the cross section of metal film is less than the first hole section along the opening width on the cross section of metal film, and the second hole section is in along the opening width on the cross section of metal film is less than the third hole section along the opening width on the cross section of metal film.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solar cell technology, specifically to a printing plate. Background Technology

[0002] In the technology of screen printing to prepare solar grid lines, controlling the shape of the grid lines is often difficult. Traditional screen printing processes typically produce grid lines with rectangular cross-sections, resulting in significant light-blocking losses and reduced photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Triangular grid line structures can reflect light incident on the grid lines back into the active region of the solar cell, increasing light absorption and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. Related technologies for preparing grid lines with special structures such as triangular cross-sections often employ multi-screen printing, 3D electroplating, or wet etching, which suffer from complex processes, low production efficiency, and high costs.

[0003] Therefore, developing a simple, efficient, and low-cost screen printing structure that can achieve the printing and molding of triangular cross-section grid lines is of great significance for improving the conversion efficiency of solar cells and reducing power generation costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems in related technologies to a certain extent. To this end, this utility model provides a printing plate.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model discloses a printing plate comprising a metal film. The metal film has an opening area and a protection area, the protection area enclosing the opening area. The opening area includes multiple spaced-apart first material-permeable openings. Each first material-permeable opening includes a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment sequentially connected along the thickness direction of the metal film, for allowing metal paste flowing in from the first segment to flow through the second segment and out from the third segment. The opening width of the second segment along the cross-section of the metal film is smaller than the opening width of the first segment along the cross-section of the metal film, and the opening width of the second segment along the cross-section of the metal film is smaller than the opening width of the third segment along the cross-section of the metal film.

[0006] Furthermore, along the cross-section of the metal film, the opening width of the first material-through opening tends to decrease from the first hole segment to the second hole segment, and the opening width of the first material-through opening tends to increase from the second hole segment to the third hole segment.

[0007] Furthermore, along the cross-section of the metal film, the opening widths of the first and third aperture segments are between 5 μm and 500 μm, and the opening width of the second aperture segment is between 3 μm and 20 μm.

[0008] Furthermore, the metal film has a doctor blade contact surface and a substrate contact surface disposed opposite to each other. The first aperture segment includes a first opening and a first outlet connected in sequence. The first opening is disposed on the doctor blade contact surface, and the first outlet is connected to the second aperture segment. The third aperture segment includes a third opening and a third outlet connected in sequence. The third outlet is disposed on the substrate contact surface, and the third opening is connected to the second aperture segment. The distance between the second aperture segment and the first opening is not less than 3 μm, and the distance between the second aperture segment and the third outlet is not less than 3 μm.

[0009] Furthermore, the metal film is also provided with a slurry receiving opening, which is located above the first material passing opening along the thickness direction of the metal film. The slurry receiving opening corresponds to the first material passing opening, and the opening width of the slurry receiving opening is greater than the opening width of the material passing opening, so that the metal slurry contained in the slurry receiving opening flows out from the first material passing opening.

[0010] Furthermore, the printing plate also includes an organic film, which is stacked on the surface of the metal film where the third hole segment is formed. The organic film is provided with a second material penetration opening, which corresponds to the first material penetration opening.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the metal film is greater than or equal to the thickness of the organic film.

[0012] Furthermore, the thickness of the metal film is between 10 μm and 80 μm, and the thickness of the organic film is between 1 μm and 15 μm.

[0013] Furthermore, the opening width of the first material-transmitting opening is less than or equal to the opening width of the second material-transmitting opening.

[0014] Furthermore, the printing plate also includes an outer frame and a mesh fabric, and the organic film and the metal film are fixedly connected to the outer frame by the mesh fabric at a set tension.

[0015] The printing plate technology solution provided in this application has several beneficial effects. Among them, the fully open printing plate structure using a metal film can effectively avoid the obstruction of the printing morphology by meshing. The first through-hole formed by the metal film includes three segments, which are connected sequentially in the thickness direction to form the printing channel for the printing paste. The design that the opening width of the first segment is greater than the cross-sectional opening width of the second segment helps the paste to flow into the printing plate during printing, increases the amount of paste to flow into the printing plate, and prevents the metal paste from clogging the printing plate at the narrow opening, thereby improving the printing efficiency and printing quality. On the other hand, the flared design from the second segment to the third segment allows the metal paste to flow in from the narrower second segment. After being squeezed in, the metal paste encounters the gradually widening opening structure and flows along the metal film wall between the second and third segments, briefly filling the flared opening structure, and finally flows out from the third segment to form a triangular grid line. Furthermore, the printing plate structure of this application can further adjust the grid line morphology by adjusting the dimensions between the three aperture segments, i.e., the trapezoidal angle. This allows for adjustment of the width, height, and angle of the triangular grid lines, thereby meeting the performance requirements of solar cells with different specifications. The solar cell grid line structure prepared using the printing plate of this application ensures low grid line contact resistance while increasing light intake and reducing shading loss.

[0016] These features and advantages of this utility model will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments or means of this utility model will be shown in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but are not intended to limit the technical solutions of this utility model. In addition, each of these features, elements and components appearing in the following text and drawings is multiple and is labeled with different symbols or numbers for convenience, but all represent parts with the same or similar structure or function. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of the printing plate provided by this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the printing plate provided by this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of one embodiment of the first through-hole of the printing plate provided by this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of one embodiment of the first through-hole of the printing plate provided by this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5A cross-sectional schematic diagram of one embodiment of the first through-hole of the printing plate provided by this utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the printing plate used in this utility model to form grid lines;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the triangular grid wire provided by this utility model.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0026] 1: Outer frame; 2: Mesh fabric; 3: Metallic film; 4: Organic film

[0027] 5: Metal grid lines; 6: Base of solar cell;

[0028] 3a: First material opening; 3b: Protected area

[0029] 3a1: First borehole section; 3a2: Second borehole section; 3a3: Third borehole section; 3a4: Slurry receiving opening Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described are intended to explain this utility model and should not be construed as limiting it.

[0031] The terms "an embodiment," "example," or "trademark" used in this specification refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment itself that may be included in at least one embodiment disclosed in this application. The phrase "in an embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0032] For solar cells, the shape of the electrode grid lines has a significant impact on power generation performance. For example, the grid line width affects the light-receiving area of ​​the solar cell, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the grid lines affects the internal resistance of the solar cell. Therefore, optimizing the shape of the electrode grid lines is an important way to improve the conversion efficiency of solar cells. In the past 10 years, the printing width of solar cell electrode grid lines has decreased from about 100 μm to below 20 μm, playing a crucial role in improving the conversion efficiency of solar cells. With the current printing line width already below 20 μm, further reducing the printing line width has become significantly more difficult. However, through optimized design of the printing line shape, it is possible to improve the conversion efficiency of solar cells without reducing the printing line width.

[0033] Based on the aforementioned problems, the need for triangular grid lines arose. Triangular grid lines can reduce the grid linewidth without sacrificing conversion efficiency. The triangular or trapezoidal cross-section of the grid line provides a larger bottom contact area with the silicon substrate, reducing contact resistance. Furthermore, compared to traditional grid lines, the triangular or trapezoidal shape allows light blocked by the grid line to be reflected onto the inclined surface of the grid line and enter the effective area of ​​the solar cell, allowing the solar cell to absorb more light energy, thus reducing shading loss and achieving higher conversion efficiency. Traditional grid lines typically have rectangular cross-sections, resulting in significant shading loss and reducing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell. Simultaneously, traditional screen printing has limitations in terms of low silver paste utilization, limited pattern precision, and high cost. To overcome these problems, researchers have explored various novel grid line structures and their fabrication methods, such as using chemical etching, 3D inkjet printing, and a combination of photolithography and vapor deposition to fabricate triangular or trapezoidal cross-section grid lines. These structures can reduce the shading area of ​​the grid line while increasing its reflectivity, thereby increasing the effective light absorption area of ​​the solar cell and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. However, these preparation methods suffer from problems such as complex processes, high costs, and low production efficiency. For example, patent CN102820376A proposes a method for preparing solar cell electrodes. This involves forming a grid electrode with a trapezoidal cross-section on the surface of the cell's epitaxial wafer, covering its top surface with an anti-corrosion layer, and then using chemical etching to etch the sides of the grid electrode, ultimately forming a grid electrode with a triangular cross-section. While this method can improve the reflectivity of the grid lines, the chemical etching process is complex and has a certain environmental impact. Patent CN221913662U also proposes a printing screen structure. Through the staggered design of the fine grid screen and the main grid screen, the fine grid gaps overlap in projection, thereby reducing the risk of fine grid screen breakage and improving the solar cell's sunlight transmittance. Although this method can optimize the printing process, further improvements in screen design and printing technology are still needed for forming the triangular cross-section grid line structure. Therefore, current printing plates and printing technologies still face challenges such as difficulty in controlling the shape of the grid lines, complex processes, high costs, and low production efficiency. In particular, preparing grid lines with special structures such as triangular cross-sections, replacing screens, or adjusting patterns all require time and money. For applications with complex patterns or high precision requirements, it is necessary to remake the screens, which is costly and significantly reduces production efficiency.

[0034] In light of the above problems, this application discloses a printing plate, such as Figure 1 and 2As shown, the printing plate includes a metal film 3, which has an opening area and a protection area 3b. The protection area 3b encloses the opening area, which includes multiple spaced first material penetration openings 3a. Each first material penetration opening 3a includes a first hole segment 3a1, a second hole segment 3a2, and a third hole segment 3a3 connected sequentially along the thickness direction of the metal film 3. These openings allow the metal paste flowing in from the first hole segment 3a1 to flow through the second hole segment 3a2 and out from the third hole segment 3a3. The opening width of the second hole segment 3a2 along the cross-section of the metal film 3 is smaller than the opening width of the first hole segment 3a1 along the cross-section of the metal film 3, and the opening width of the second hole segment 3a2 along the cross-section of the metal film 3 is smaller than the opening width of the third hole segment 3a3 along the cross-section of the metal film 3.

[0035] The printing plate technology solution provided in this application has a variety of beneficial effects. Among them, the fully open printing plate structure using a metal film 3 can effectively avoid the obstruction of the printing morphology by meshing. The first through-hole 3a formed by the metal film 3 includes three segments. The three segments are connected in sequence in the thickness direction to form a printing channel for the printing paste. The design that the opening width of the first segment 3a1 is greater than the cross-sectional opening width of the second segment 3a2 helps the paste to flow in during printing, increases the amount of paste to flow in, and prevents the metal paste from clogging the printing plate at the narrow opening, thereby improving the printing efficiency and printing quality. On the other hand, the flared design from the second segment 3a2 to the third segment 3a3 allows the metal paste to flow in from the narrower second segment 3a2. After being squeezed in, the metal paste encounters the gradually widening opening structure and flows along the wall of the metal film 3 between the second segment 3a2 and the third segment 3a3. It briefly fills the flared opening structure and finally flows out from the third segment 3a3 to form a triangular grid line. Furthermore, the printing plate structure of this application can further adjust the grid line morphology by adjusting the dimensions between the three aperture segments, i.e., the trapezoidal angle. This allows for adjustment of the width, height, and angle of the triangular grid lines, thereby meeting the performance requirements of solar cells with different specifications. The solar cell grid line structure prepared using the printing plate of this application ensures low grid line contact resistance while increasing light intake and reducing shading loss.

[0036] This application does not impose any special limitations on how the transition between the first aperture segment 3a1, the second aperture segment 3a2, and the third aperture segment 3a3 occurs. As an optional implementation, along the cross-section of the metal film 3, the opening width of the first material penetration opening 3a decreases from the first aperture segment 3a1 to the second aperture segment 3a2, and increases from the second aperture segment 3a2 to the third aperture segment 3a3. This makes the shape of the first material penetration opening 3a resemble an "hourglass," that is, the gradually narrowing opening in the upper half facilitates the entry of the paste, while the gradually widening opening in the lower half allows the paste passing through the first aperture segment 3a1 to be squeezed into the second aperture segment 3a2 and flow along the wall of the gradually widening second aperture segment 3a2 to the third aperture segment 3a3, briefly filling the opening structure of the flared shape, and finally flowing out from the third aperture segment 3a3 to form a triangular grid line.

[0037] This application does not impose special limitations on the opening widths of the first aperture segment 3a1, the second aperture segment 3a2, and the third aperture segment 3a3. These widths can be set according to the actual grid linewidth requirements. In some embodiments, along the cross-section of the metal film 3, the opening widths of the first aperture segment 3a1 and the third aperture segment 3a3 are between 5 μm and 500 μm, and the opening width of the second aperture segment 3a2 is between 3 μm and 20 μm. As a specific implementation, the grid linewidth requirement is 25 μm; therefore, the opening width of the third aperture segment 3a3 can be between 25 μm and 30 μm. This is because the final slurry formation is based on the shapes of the second orifice 3a2 and the third orifice 3a3, taking into account the reduction in wet weight of the slurry after sintering. The opening width of the second orifice 3a2 can be designed according to the material composition of the slurry. For example, if the slurry has high fluidity and small particles, it is easier to flow into a narrower orifice, so the opening width of the second orifice 3a2 can be between 3μm and 12μm. If the slurry has low fluidity and large particle size, to avoid clogging the second orifice 3a2, the opening width of the second orifice 3a2 can be between 15μm and 20μm. The first orifice 3a1 is for facilitating ink feeding of the slurry. Preferably, the opening width of the first orifice 3a1 is the same as the opening width of the third orifice 3a3, which makes it easier to control the flow rate and flow effect of the slurry and reduce problems such as overflow, clogging, and insufficient material.

[0038] This application does not impose special restrictions on the positions of the first orifice segment 3a1 and the third orifice segment 3a3, as long as the order of the paste passage is satisfied. As an optional embodiment, the metal film 3 has a doctor blade contact surface and a substrate contact surface that are arranged opposite to each other. The first orifice segment 3a1 includes a first opening and a first outlet connected in sequence. The first opening is located on the doctor blade contact surface, and the first outlet is connected to the second orifice segment 3a2. The third orifice segment 3a3 includes a third opening and a third outlet connected in sequence. The outlet of the third opening is located on the substrate contact surface, and the third opening is connected to the second orifice segment 3a2. The distance between the second orifice segment 3a2 and the first opening is not less than 3 micrometers, and the distance between the second orifice segment 3a2 and the third outlet is not less than 3 micrometers. Preferably, the distance between the second orifice segment 3a2 and the first opening and the third outlet is the same, which can facilitate the control of the paste flow rate and flow effect, so that the inflowing paste and the outflowing paste are uniform and consistent, reducing problems such as overflow, blockage and insufficient paste.

[0039] As an optional implementation, the metal film 3 is further provided with a paste receiving opening 3a4. The paste receiving opening 3a4 is located above the first material passing opening 3a along the thickness direction of the metal film 3. The paste receiving opening 3a4 corresponds to the first material passing opening 3a. The opening width of the paste receiving opening 3a4 is greater than the opening width of the material passing opening, so that the metal paste contained in the paste receiving opening 3a4 flows out from the first material passing opening 3a, which can further increase the ink flow of the paste.

[0040] This application does not impose any special limitation on the arrangement of the first material-through opening 3a. The first material-through opening 3a can be multiple complete grid lines arranged at intervals, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it can also be that multiple sub-grid lines are segmented to form a single grid line, such as... Figure 2 As shown. To make the printing grid lines of the fully open structure printing plate more stable and less prone to deformation, preferably, the multiple first material-penetrating openings 3a are arranged in multiple rows and columns, such as... Figure 2 As shown, this regularly arranged distribution is beneficial to the printing operation. The printing plates with multiple discontinuous first material openings 3a can be printed together with the printing plates with connecting node openings to form a complete and continuous sub-grid line. In the process of printing connecting wires on the steel plate, the design of this multi-segment short-distance opening pattern solves the printing deformation problem of long-distance opening patterns on the steel plate, and makes the steel plate printing process more stable. It can produce grid lines with uniform width, consistent morphology, and a larger aspect ratio, which is beneficial to the reliability of solar cells.

[0041] To facilitate precise dimensional processing of the first through-hole 3a of the metal film 3, the grid opening in this application is formed by at least one of laser cutting, etching, and electroforming. Preferably, laser processing of the metal film 3 is chosen to form the first through-hole 3a. High-precision laser processing can form high-resolution and straight triangular grid lines, significantly reducing light shading loss and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. Furthermore, this processing method simplifies traditional processes, reduces production costs and material waste, while simultaneously improving production efficiency and environmental friendliness, demonstrating excellent potential for industrial application.

[0042] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the printing plate of this application includes:

[0043] An opening structure from the first hole segment 3a1 to the second hole segment 3a2 is obtained on the upper surface of the metal film 3 by laser opening, and alignment points are processed.

[0044] Based on the alignment point, the opening structure from the second hole segment 3a2 to the third hole segment 3a3 is obtained by laser processing on the lower surface of the metal film 3.

[0045] Preferably, the laser is a picosecond ultraviolet or femtosecond ultraviolet laser with a power between 1 watt and 50 watts and a laser spot diameter between 5 micrometers and 20 micrometers.

[0046] As a specific implementation method, after the above-mentioned laser processing steps, the processed opening structure is polished by a wet etching process for a time of 1 to 10 minutes to obtain a smoother and flatter transition wall surface for the opening.

[0047] When printing grid lines using the printing plate of this application, it should be noted that the distance between the printing plate and the solar cell affects the morphology of the metal grid lines 5. To ensure the metal paste can pass through the trapezoidal grid line openings and its shape can be quickly fixed, the printing plate needs to be positioned close to the bottom 6 of the solar cell for printing the grid lines. When the squeegee applies the metal paste, it generates scraping pressure, causing the printing plate to deform. To protect the surface of the underlying solar cell from damage by the deformed printing plate, and to prevent the printing plate from being contaminated by impurities or particles on the silicon wafer surface, preferably, as follows... Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the printing plate also includes an organic film 4, which is stacked on the surface of the metal film 3 where the third opening is formed. The organic film 4 has a second material penetration opening, which corresponds to the first material penetration opening 3a. The organic film 4 is usually softer and more easily deformed than the metal film 3. In some cases, there are particles contaminating the silicon wafer surface. When printing pressure is applied, the organic film 4 on the printing plate can embed the particles on the silicon wafer into itself, preventing the particles from contacting the metal film 3 and damaging it. At the same time, the organic film 4 also has a certain limiting effect on the deformation of the metal film 3, reducing the metal paste printing broadening caused by printing plate deformation.

[0048] This application does not impose specific limitations on the thickness of the organic film 4 and the metal film 3. Preferably, the thickness of the metal film 3 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the organic film 4. Firstly, an appropriately thick metal film 3 can provide sufficient processing space for the first material opening and reduce deformation during printing, providing adequate rigidity. Secondly, it is necessary to form an effective triangular grid structure. An excessively thin metal film 3 results in the metal paste flowing into and out of the opening too quickly, failing to fill the trapezoidal grid opening and thus preventing the formation of triangular grid lines. Preferably, the thickness of the metal film 3 is between 10 μm and 80 μm, and the thickness of the organic film 4 is between 1 μm and 15 μm.

[0049] This application does not impose special limitations on the opening size of the organic film 4, as long as it meets the requirement of protecting the metal film 3. To improve printing accuracy, the opening width of the first through-hole is less than or equal to the opening width of the second through-hole, thereby reducing the impact of the opening of the organic film 4 on the grid morphology. Furthermore, the opening of the organic film 4 does not necessarily have to be a vertical opening; it can be wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, or vice versa. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown.

[0050] The printing plate also includes an outer frame 1 and a mesh fabric 2. The organic film 4 and the metal film 3 are fixedly connected to the outer frame 1 by the mesh fabric 2 with a set tension. The outer frame 1 is generally a rigid frame, and the mesh fabric 2 is generally a metal mesh.

[0051] For ease of understanding, a schematic diagram of the printing plate forming the solar cell grid lines in this application is shown below. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, specifically, grid lines are printed on at least one surface of the solar cell base 6 using the printing plate of this application. It should be noted that the distance between the printing plate and the solar cell will affect the morphology of the metal grid lines 5. In order for the metal paste to pass through the trapezoidal grid line openings and for the shape of the paste to be quickly fixed and formed, the printing plate needs to be set at a distance close to the surface of the solar cell base 6 to print the grid lines, or direct contact printing can be used.

[0052] This invention does not impose any special limitations on the material of the metal film 3. In order to facilitate the processing of the opening structure, a metal with good processing properties and certain strength and toughness is generally used to improve the printing plate life. Preferably, the metal film 3 includes one of iron alloy film, nickel alloy film and titanium alloy film.

[0053] The grid lines of the solar cell are formed by printing using the printing plate of this application and can be applied to the front and / or back electrodes, as well as to the printing of the main grid and / or sub-grids.

[0054] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model includes, but is not limited to, the contents described in the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments above. Any modifications that do not depart from the functional and structural principles of this utility model will be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A printing plate, said printing plate comprising a metal film (3), characterized in that, The metal membrane (3) is provided with an opening area and a protection area (3b). The protection area (3b) encloses the opening area. The opening area includes a plurality of spaced first material-permeable openings (3a). Each first material-permeable opening (3a) includes a first hole segment (3a1), a second hole segment (3a2), and a third hole segment (3a3) connected sequentially along the thickness direction of the metal membrane. This allows metal slurry flowing in from the first hole segment (3a1) to flow through the second hole segment (3a2) and out from the third hole segment (3a3). The opening width of the second hole segment (3a2) along the cross-section of the metal membrane is smaller than the opening width of the first hole segment (3a1) along the cross-section of the metal membrane, and the opening width of the second hole segment (3a2) along the cross-section of the metal membrane is smaller than the opening width of the third hole segment (3a3) along the cross-section of the metal membrane.

2. The printing plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the cross-section of the metal film, from the first hole segment (3a1) to the second hole segment (3a2), the opening width of the first material-through opening tends to decrease, and from the second hole segment (3a2) to the third hole segment (3a3), the opening width of the first material-through opening tends to increase.

3. The printing plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the cross-section of the metal film, the opening width of the first hole segment (3a1) and the third hole segment (3a3) is between 5 μm and 500 μm, and the opening width of the second hole segment (3a2) is between 3 μm and 20 μm.

4. The printing plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal film has a doctor blade contact surface and a substrate contact surface that are disposed opposite to each other. The first aperture segment (3a1) includes a first opening and a first outlet that are connected in sequence. The first opening is disposed on the doctor blade contact surface, and the first outlet is connected to the second aperture segment. The third aperture segment (3a3) includes a third opening and a third outlet that are connected in sequence. The third outlet is disposed on the substrate contact surface, and the third opening is connected to the second aperture segment. The distance between the second aperture segment (3a2) and the first opening is not less than 3 μm, and the distance between the second aperture segment (3a2) and the third outlet is not less than 3 μm.

5. The printing plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal film is also provided with a slurry receiving opening, which is located above the first material passing opening along the thickness direction of the metal film. The slurry receiving opening corresponds to the first material passing opening, and the opening width of the slurry receiving opening is greater than the opening width of the material passing opening, so that the metal slurry contained in the slurry receiving opening flows out from the first material passing opening.

6. The printing plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The printing plate also includes an organic film (4), which is stacked on the surface of the metal film (3) where the third hole segment (3a3) is formed. The organic film (4) is provided with a second material penetration opening, which corresponds to the first material penetration opening.

7. The printing plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness of the metal film (3) is greater than or equal to the thickness of the organic film (4).

8. The printing plate according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thickness of the metal film is between 10 μm and 80 μm, and the thickness of the organic film is between 1 μm and 15 μm.

9. The printing plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The opening width of the first material-transmitting opening is less than or equal to the opening width of the second material-transmitting opening.

10. The printing plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The printing plate also includes an outer frame (1) and a mesh (2), and the organic film (4) and the metal film (3) are fixedly connected to the outer frame (1) through the mesh (2) with a set tension.

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