A bio-waste composting machine with optimized ventilation system
By incorporating a fully permeable interlayer and a heating pretreatment module into the bio-waste composting machine, the problem of uneven heating of waste is solved, achieving uniform heating and efficient fermentation of waste.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521837314.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-08-27
AI Technical Summary
In existing bio-waste composting machines, the temperature at the edge of the reaction vessel is often low during the heating process, leading to insufficient fermentation.
An optimized ventilation system was designed. By setting a fully permeable interlayer between the reaction vessel and the outer shell, after the air passes through the heating pretreatment module, part of the hot air enters the reaction vessel to heat the waste, while the other part of the hot air flows in the opposite direction in the interlayer to heat the reaction vessel, thus avoiding the waste from hindering heat conduction.
It improves heat transfer efficiency, ensures uniform heating of waste, avoids insufficient fermentation at the edges, and achieves a fast and efficient composting process.
Smart Images
Figure CN224548310U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of garbage bin technology, specifically relating to a biological garbage composting machine with an optimized ventilation system. Background Technology
[0002] Composting bins decompose waste into organic fertilizer by simulating the natural composting process. They can process biological waste instantly, on-site, quickly, and efficiently. Rapid and efficient composting relies on precise control of temperature, humidity, and ventilation. Currently, temperature control generally uses PID or fuzzy algorithm control. However, achieving uniform and constant temperature at the target location may produce unsatisfactory results for different structures. For example, in the field of composting, when air heats the waste in the reaction vessel, the temperature at the top or middle is relatively high, while the temperature at the edges is low, ultimately leading to insufficient fermentation at the edges. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this invention provides a biological waste composting machine with an optimized ventilation system, which avoids lower temperatures at the edges, ultimately leading to insufficient fermentation at the edges.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a biological waste composting machine with an optimized ventilation system, comprising a reaction container installed inside the outer shell, and a stirrer for rotating inside the reaction container. There is a fully permeable interlayer between the outer shell and the reaction container for air flow. An inner air inlet is provided on the side of the reaction container near the back of the compost bin for air to enter the reaction container. After being heated by a heating pretreatment module, the air is delivered to the inside of the reaction container through the inner air inlet. An inner exhaust vent is provided on the side opposite to the inner air inlet for the gas to be discharged from the reaction container. The gas in the reaction container is discharged from the exhaust hole on the back of the outer shell in sequence through the inner exhaust vent and the fully permeable interlayer.
[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the optimized ventilation system of this bio-waste composting machine, both the internal air inlet and the internal air outlet are located on the upper side of the reaction vessel.
[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the optimized ventilation system of the biological waste composting machine of this utility model, the heating pretreatment module includes a fan, a pretreatment shell and a connecting pipe. One end of the fan is connected to the external air inlet provided on the shell, and the other end of the fan is connected to the air inlet of the pretreatment shell through the connecting pipe. The exhaust port of the pretreatment shell is connected to the internal air inlet through the connecting pipe.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the optimized ventilation system of this bio-waste composting machine, the pretreatment shell is configured with an S-shaped air duct.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the biological waste composting machine with an optimized ventilation system according to this utility model, a number of filter screens are provided on the inner side of the pretreatment shell.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the optimized ventilation system of this bio-waste composting machine, a heater is installed on the inner side of the pretreatment shell.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the optimized ventilation system of this bio-waste composting machine, an overheat protector is installed on the inner side of the pretreatment shell.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the optimized ventilation system of this bio-waste composting machine, a UV lamp is installed on the inner side of the pretreatment shell.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the biological waste composting machine with an optimized ventilation system according to this utility model, the top of the composting waste bin is provided with a large lid, and the inside of the large lid is provided with a small lid.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the optimized ventilation system of this bio-waste composting machine, the small bucket lid is opened and closed by electric drive.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: there is a fully permeable interlayer between the outer shell and the reaction container for air flow. After being heated by the heating pretreatment module, the air is delivered to the inside of the reaction container through the inner air inlet. Part of the hot air entering the reaction container heats the waste, while the other part enters the fully permeable interlayer through the inner exhaust vent. The hot air flows in the reverse direction in the fully permeable interlayer and is finally discharged from the exhaust hole on the back of the compost bin. During the reverse flow of the hot air in the fully permeable interlayer, the hot air directly heats the reaction container. At this time, the hot air is not obstructed by the waste when heating the reaction container, and the heat conduction efficiency is high, so the reaction container can be heated quickly. This avoids the problem that the heat from the waste being heated before is transferred to the lower-temperature reaction container, which would cause the waste near the reaction container to ferment insufficiently due to insufficient temperature. Attached Figure Description
[0015] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0016] Figure 1 This is a first-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 This is a second-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the external air inlet in this utility model;
[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the open state of the large barrel lid in this utility model;
[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the open state of the small bucket lid in this utility model;
[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall internal structure of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the internal exhaust vent in this utility model;
[0024] In the picture:
[0025] 1. Outer shell; 2. Reaction vessel; 3. Stirrer; 4. Heating pretreatment module; 5. Internal air inlet; 6. Internal air outlet; 7. Exhaust vent; 8. External air inlet; 9. Large barrel lid; 10. Small barrel lid; 11. Filter element; 12. Filter cover; 13. Filter plate; 14. Foot switch;
[0026] 41. Fan; 42. Pretreatment housing; 43. Filter screen; 44. Overheat protector; 45. Heater; 46. UV lamp; 47. Connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0028] like Figures 1-8 As shown:
[0029] A bio-waste composting machine with an optimized ventilation system includes a reaction container 2 installed inside an outer shell 1, and a stirrer 3 for rotating inside the reaction container 2. There is a fully permeable interlayer between the outer shell 1 and the reaction container 2 for air flow. An inner air inlet 5 is provided on the side of the reaction container 2 near the back of the compost bin to allow air to enter the reaction container 2. After being heated by a heating pretreatment module 4, the air is delivered to the inside of the reaction container 2 through the inner air inlet 5. An inner exhaust vent 6 is provided on the side opposite to the inner air inlet 5 to allow the gas inside the reaction container 2 to be discharged. The gas inside the reaction container 2 is discharged from the exhaust port 7 on the back of the outer shell 1 through the inner exhaust vent 6 and the fully permeable interlayer in sequence.
[0030] The composting process includes different treatment stages, such as the start-up period, heating period, high-temperature period, and cooling / maturation period. Heating the waste by directly heating the reaction container 2 is barely applicable during the high-temperature period when evaporating moisture from the waste. However, during the low-temperature maturation period, the reduced moisture content of the waste leads to decreased heat conduction efficiency. Furthermore, during the low-temperature maturation period, active microorganisms need to be added. Direct heating of the reaction container 2 can easily cause overheating, leading to the death of the microorganisms. In other words, the microorganisms near the reaction container 2 will die due to overheating. This is because direct heating has a small heat conduction area. To heat the waste to a certain temperature, the heating temperature of the reaction container 2 itself must be higher than the set temperature for heating the waste. Increasing the heating speed can only increase the heating temperature of the reaction container 2, which leads to severe uneven heating and microorganism death. If the heating temperature of the reaction container 2 is reduced and heating is slow, the heating time is too long and may be affected by the ambient temperature, potentially resulting in ineffective heating. Therefore, heating the waste with preheated air significantly increases the contact area between heat and waste. Combined with stirring the waste, this allows for more even heating.
[0031] Composting bins decompose waste into organic fertilizer by simulating the natural composting process. They can process biological waste instantly, on-site, quickly, and efficiently. Rapid and efficient composting relies on precise control of temperature, humidity, and ventilation. Currently, temperature control generally uses PID or fuzzy algorithm control. However, achieving uniform and constant temperature at the target location may produce unsatisfactory results for different structures. For example, in the field of composting, when air heats the waste in reaction container 2, it is easy to produce a situation where the temperature at the top or middle is relatively high, while the temperature at the edge is low, ultimately leading to insufficient fermentation at the edge.
[0032] The main reason for this situation is that the garbage hinders the heating of reaction container 2. When the garbage that was not previously in contact with reaction container 2 comes into contact with it after being stirred, the heat that was previously heated by the garbage will be transferred to reaction container 2 because the temperature of reaction container 2 is low. As a result, the garbage near reaction container 2 does not ferment sufficiently due to insufficient temperature. The final heating of reaction container 2 is caused by the heat transfer from the garbage, which will significantly increase the heating time of reaction container 2.
[0033] There is a fully connected interlayer between the outer shell 1 and the reaction container 2, which means that the interlayer between the reaction container 2 and the outer shell 1 is completely connected and there is no division of the interlayer into two or more independent spaces that would hinder the flow of air in the interlayer. After being heated by the heating pretreatment module 4, the air is delivered to the inside of the reaction container 2 through the inner air inlet 5. Part of the hot air entering the reaction container 2 will heat the garbage, and the other part will enter the fully connected interlayer through the inner air outlet 6. The hot air flows in the reverse direction in the fully connected interlayer and finally exits from the exhaust hole 7 on the back of the compost bin. During the reverse flow of the hot air in the fully connected interlayer, the hot air directly heats the reaction container 2. At this time, the hot air is not hindered by the garbage when heating the reaction container 2, and the heat conduction efficiency is high, so the reaction container 2 can be heated quickly. This avoids the heat from the garbage being heated before being transferred to the lower temperature reaction container 2, which would cause the garbage near the reaction container 2 to ferment insufficiently due to insufficient temperature.
[0034] The reverse flow of hot air in the fully permeable interlayer means that the internal exhaust vent 6 is located at the front of the compost bin. Hot air first enters the fully permeable interlayer near the front of the compost bin. Since the hot air in the fully permeable interlayer will be discharged from the exhaust vent 7 at the back of the compost bin, the hot air flows in the reverse direction in the fully permeable interlayer. During the reverse flow, the hot air can come into more full contact with the outer surface of the reaction vessel 2, resulting in a better heating effect. Instead of being discharged directly after entering the fully permeable interlayer from the reaction vessel 2, it would have no heating effect. At the same time, the back exhaust design does not affect people's lives.
[0035] In an optional embodiment, both the internal air inlet 5 and the internal air outlet 6 are located on the upper side of the reaction vessel 2.
[0036] In this embodiment, the inner air inlet 5 and the inner air outlet 6 are arranged opposite to each other and are both located on the upper side of the reaction vessel 2. That is, the inner air inlet 5 and the inner air outlet 6 are at basically the same height, so that some of the hot air entering the reaction vessel 2 can directly pass through the inner air outlet 6 into the fully permeable interlayer.
[0037] In an optional embodiment, the heating pretreatment module 4 includes a fan 41, a pretreatment housing 42, and a connecting pipe 47. One end of the fan 41 is connected to the external air inlet 8 provided on the housing 1, and the other end of the fan 41 is connected to the air inlet of the pretreatment housing 42 through the connecting pipe 47. The exhaust port of the pretreatment housing 42 is connected to the internal air inlet 5 through the connecting pipe 47.
[0038] In this embodiment, the fan 41 can draw in outside air from the outside air inlet 8 and deliver it to the pretreatment shell 42. The air in the pretreatment shell 42 enters the reaction vessel 2 through the connecting pipe 47 and the inner air inlet 5 in sequence.
[0039] In an optional embodiment, the pretreatment housing 42 is configured with an S-shaped air duct.
[0040] In this embodiment, the S-shaped air duct provided in the pretreatment housing 42 can avoid mutual interference between the various components installed inside, such as the UV lamp 46 will not be directly interfered with by the heater 45.
[0041] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of filters 43 are provided on the inner side of the pretreatment housing 42.
[0042] In this embodiment, the filter screen 43 has the function of filtering air. After removing the back cover of the compost bin and then removing the back cover of the heating pretreatment module 4, the filter screen 43 can be pulled out for cleaning or replacement.
[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, an "L"-shaped filter element 11 is installed at the external air inlet 8. The filter element 11 is pressed and installed in the groove by the filter cover 12. When air passes through the filter element 11, it needs to follow the "L" shape. This design allows the filter element 11 to have a longer filtration length and a better filtration effect. The part of the filter element 11 that initially allows air to enter is directly exposed on the outside (e.g., Figure 2 As shown in the image, fluffy materials such as poplar and willow catkins can be cleaned up directly.
[0044] In an optional embodiment, a heater 45 is mounted on the inside of the pretreatment housing 42.
[0045] In this embodiment, heater 45 is capable of heating the air inside the pretreatment housing 42.
[0046] In an optional embodiment, an overheat protector 44 is installed inside the pretreatment housing 42. The overheat protector 44 will automatically stop supplying power or cut off the power supply when the temperature exceeds the safety threshold.
[0047] In an optional embodiment, a UV lamp 46 is mounted on the inside of the pretreatment housing 42.
[0048] In this embodiment, the UV lamp 46 reduces the initial microbial load by pre-treating and sterilizing the incoming air, thereby reducing the number of microorganisms carried in the air. If these microorganisms enter the composting container, they may compete with beneficial microorganisms in the compost for nutrients or trigger unnecessary chemical reactions, affecting the normal composting process. At the same time, it can prevent the spread of harmful microorganisms. If the incoming air contains a large number of harmful microorganisms, it may cause cross-infection during the composting process, leading to compost deterioration and odor. Sterilizing the air can effectively prevent harmful microorganisms from entering the composting container. Meanwhile, the filter 43 initially intercepts external pollutants, the heater 45 heats the air to 50°C, and the UV lamp 46 further sterilizes the air. This synergistic combination further reduces the interference of external microorganisms on the composting process.
[0049] In an optional embodiment, a large lid 9 is provided on the top of the compost bin, and a small lid 10 is provided on the inside of the large lid 9.
[0050] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, after opening the large barrel lid 9, the large barrel lid 9 will not squeeze the filter plate 13. At this time, the filter plate 13 can be pulled upwards for easy cleaning or replacement. After opening the large barrel lid 9, it is easier to remove the fertilizer from the reaction vessel 2, such as... Figure 5 As shown, when the small bucket lid 10 is opened separately, it is convenient to put a small amount of garbage into the composting bin. Since the small bucket lid 10 is small, heat loss can be minimized after opening.
[0051] In an alternative embodiment, the small bucket lid 10 is electrically controlled to open and close.
[0052] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, a control panel can be installed on the large lid 9 to control the electric opening of the small lid 10. When the control panel cannot be operated by holding the kitchen waste with both hands, the small lid 10 can also be opened by pressing the foot switch 14.
[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A biocomposting machine with an optimized ventilation system, comprising a reaction vessel (2) installed within a housing (1), and a stirrer (3) for rotating within the reaction vessel (2), characterized in that: There is a fully permeable interlayer between the outer shell (1) and the reaction container (2) for air flow. An inner air inlet (5) is provided on the side of the reaction container (2) near the back of the compost bin for air to enter the reaction container (2). After being heated by the heating pretreatment module (4), the air is delivered to the inside of the reaction container (2) through the inner air inlet (5). An inner exhaust vent (6) is provided on the side opposite to the inner air inlet (5) for the gas to be discharged from the reaction container (2). The gas in the reaction container (2) is discharged from the exhaust hole (7) on the back of the outer shell (1) in sequence through the inner exhaust vent (6) and the fully permeable interlayer.
2. The biological waste composting machine with optimized ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal air inlet (5) and the internal air outlet (6) are both located on the upper side of the reaction vessel (2).
3. The biological waste composting machine with an optimized ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating pretreatment module (4) includes a fan (41), a pretreatment housing (42) and a connecting pipe (47). One end of the fan (41) is connected to the external air inlet (8) provided on the outer shell (1), and the other end of the fan (41) is connected to the air inlet of the pretreatment housing (42) through the connecting pipe (47). The exhaust port of the pretreatment housing (42) is connected to the internal air inlet (5) through the connecting pipe (47).
4. The bio-waste composting machine with optimized ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pretreatment housing (42) is configured with an S-shaped air duct.
5. The bio-waste composting machine with an optimized ventilation system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Several filters (43) are provided on the inside of the pretreatment housing (42).
6. The bio-waste composting machine with an optimized ventilation system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A heater (45) is installed on the inside of the pretreatment housing (42).
7. The bio-waste composting machine with optimized ventilation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: An overheat protector (44) is installed on the inside of the pretreatment housing (42).
8. The bio-waste composting machine with an optimized ventilation system according to claim 3, 4, or 7, characterized in that: A UV lamp (46) is installed on the inside of the pretreatment housing (42).
9. The bio-waste composting machine with optimized ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the compost bin is equipped with a large lid (9), and the inside of the large lid (9) is equipped with a small lid (10).
10. The bio-waste composting machine with an optimized ventilation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The small bucket lid (10) is opened and closed by electric drive.