A pumping unit wellhead unloader

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oil pumping unit well mouth unloader, it includes the barrel, is equipped with the clamping groove of being able to place the light pole in the barrel, the clamping groove is penetrated the barrel up and down, the clamping groove extends from the lateral wall of barrel radially to the inside, the width of clamping groove is not less than the diameter of light pole, the inner end surface of clamping groove is the arc surface that can be in close contact with light pole, be equipped with the clamping device of being able to clamp the light pole in the clamping groove on the barrel, be equipped with the jacking device of being able to jacking light pole in the barrel. The utility model has can hold steady, easy operation, simple structure, improve efficiency and stability, guarantee safety and the like advantages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of petroleum machinery and equipment, specifically a wellhead unloader for oil pumping units. Background Technology

[0002] Oilfield development primarily utilizes pumping units, with beam pumping units mainly composed of a walking beam, walking beam, connecting rod, and crank mechanism. The crank-connecting rod mechanism generates the up-and-down movement of the walking beam, which in turn drives the plunger of the downhole pump via the polished rod and sucker rod, thus extracting crude oil from the wellbore. The polished rod, located between the sucker rod and the suspension cable, is situated at the top of the sucker rod and experiences the greatest stress. When adjustments or inspections of the pumping unit are required, the load on the polished rod needs to be unloaded. Current technology often uses square clamps to hold the polished rod. However, these clamps are prone to slippage during use, posing safety hazards and affecting load unloading efficiency. Furthermore, square clamps can easily damage the polished rod, damaging its outer layer during clamping. Removing the clamps necessitates grinding the polished rod, further impacting efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a pumping unit wellhead unloader that can clamp the polished rod to unload the load and is not easy to slip off.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model includes a cylindrical body, the structural features of which are: the cylindrical body is provided with a clamping groove for placing a light rod, the clamping groove extends vertically through the cylindrical body, the clamping groove extends radially inward from the outer side wall of the cylindrical body, the width of the clamping groove is not less than the diameter of the light rod, the inner end face of the clamping groove is an arc-shaped surface that can fit with the light rod, the cylindrical body is provided with a clamping device for clamping the light rod in the clamping groove, and the cylindrical body is provided with a pressing device for pressing down on the light rod.

[0005] With the above structure, the polished rod can extend into the cylinder through the clamping groove. The clamping groove extends inward from the outer wall of the cylinder, and its width is not less than the diameter of the polished rod. This facilitates the installation of the pumping unit wellhead unloader on the polished rod. The polished rod can enter the cylinder through the clamping groove, and the inner end face of the clamping groove fits against the polished rod through an arc-shaped surface, forming a surface contact. The polished rod is clamped by the clamping device and the arc-shaped surface of the clamping groove. At the same time, the top-pressing device further presses down on the polished rod. The top-pressing device, through point contact, further fixes the relative position between the polished rod and the pumping unit wellhead unloader, thereby increasing friction and ensuring the clamping effect. This ensures the unloading effect, while also making the clamping device easy for personnel to operate, improving efficiency, and ensuring safety.

[0006] The clamping device includes a first groove on the cylinder and a clamping block that can slide within the first groove. The first groove is an annular groove extending downward along the upper end face of the cylinder. The first groove surrounds the arc-shaped surface of the clamping groove. The width of the clamping block is greater than the width of the clamping groove. The radial distance between the arc-shaped surface of the clamping groove and the inner surface of the clamping block after sliding is the same as the diameter of the polished rod. The clamping block slides within the first groove. Since the first groove surrounds the arc-shaped surface of the clamping groove, the first groove and the clamping groove overlap in space. After sliding, the clamping block can enter the clamping groove. At this time, the distance between the inner surface of the clamping block and the arc-shaped surface of the clamping groove is the same as the diameter of the polished rod. When the polished rod enters the clamping groove, the inner surface of the clamping block adheres to the other side of the polished rod through the sliding of the clamping block, clamping the polished rod together with the arc-shaped surface of the clamping groove. After unloading, the pumping unit wellhead unloader sits on the packing box, ensuring the stability of the clamping and guaranteeing stability and safety.

[0007] The cylinder sidewall is provided with a sliding groove that surrounds the cylinder. The sliding groove radially penetrates the cylinder sidewall and the first groove. The outer surface of the clamping block is fixed with a handle that can slide along the sliding groove. By manipulating the handle to slide in the sliding groove, the sliding path of the handle is circular, which in turn drives the clamping block to slide in the annular first groove, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the clamping block clamping the optical rod, which facilitates operation and improves unloading efficiency.

[0008] The clamping block is an annular shape with a notch. The size of the notch is equal to the left and right distance of the clamping groove. The notch is used to insert the optical rod into the middle of the clamping groove. At the same time, compared with a semi-circular clamping block, the annular clamping block has better stability and avoids the clamping block from detaching from the clamping groove due to shaking, which would reduce the clamping area and ensure the stability of clamping.

[0009] The top-pressing device includes a top-pressing cylinder installed radially along the cylinder body. The top-pressing cylinder is located below the first groove. A through hole is opened in the axial direction of the top-pressing cylinder. A top-pressing rod is installed in the through hole of the top-pressing cylinder. The length of the top-pressing rod is greater than the length of the top-pressing cylinder. A spring is fitted on the top-pressing rod. The outer end of the top-pressing rod is provided with a second protrusion that can compress the spring inward. The inner end face of the top-pressing rod can extend into the clamping groove to fit against the polished rod. The length of the top-pressing rod is longer than the top-pressing cylinder. When the top-pressing rod is compressed inward, it extends inward. The inner end face of the top-pressing rod presses against the polished rod and makes point contact with the polished rod, giving the polished rod a top-pressing force. This, together with the clamping device, further fixes the relative position between the pumping unit wellhead unloader and the polished rod, making it difficult for the polished rod to slip off. When the compression is no longer applied, the spring drives the top-pressing rod to pop outward, releasing the polished rod and facilitating the removal of the pumping unit wellhead unloader.

[0010] The cylinder body is provided with an annular second groove, which is located on the lower end face of the first groove and on the radial outer side of the pressing device. A second slider is installed in the second groove, which can slide along the second groove and then press the pressing rod inward. The second slider can be driven to slide by the clamping block. By rotating the clamping block, the second slider is driven to slide in the second groove. While clamping the light rod, the pressing device applies a pressing force to the light rod, which prevents the light rod from slipping.

[0011] The inner end face of the top pressure rod is an arc-shaped surface. The arc-shaped surface fits the smooth rod better, increasing the contact area between the inner end face and the smooth rod, increasing friction, and thus enhancing the stability of the top pressure.

[0012] The inner end face of the top pressure rod is a toothed surface, which increases friction.

[0013] The cylinder is equipped with two pressing devices that press from two directions to further increase the stability of the clamping.

[0014] In summary, this utility model has the advantages of stable clamping, convenient operation, simple structure, improved efficiency and stability, and guaranteed safety. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 For along Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure cut along line AA;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the clamping device in the clamping state;

[0018] Figure 4 For along Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure cut along the middle BB line;

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle-pressure device in the pressure-up state;

[0020] Figure 6 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the top-pressing device;

[0021] Figure 7 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the top-pressing device;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a third embodiment of the top-pressing device; Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figure 1-3As shown, this utility model is a pumping unit wellhead unloader, which includes a cylindrical body 1, and a clamping device for clamping the polished rod of the pumping unit is provided inside the cylindrical body 1. For ease of description, let's assume... Figure 1 The upper side is called "upper," the lower side is called "lower," the radial inner side of cylinder 1 is called "inner," and the radial outer side of cylinder 1 is called "outer." Oilfield development often uses pumping units, among which the walking beam pumping unit mainly consists of a walking beam, walking beam, connecting rod, and crank mechanism. The crank-connecting rod mechanism generates the up-and-down movement of the walking beam, which, via the polished rod and sucker rod, drives the plunger of the downhole pump to move up and down, thereby extracting crude oil from the wellbore. The polished rod is located between the sucker rod and the suspension cable, at the top of the sucker rod, and experiences the greatest force. When adjustments and inspections of the pumping unit are needed, the load on the polished rod needs to be unloaded. The width of the clamping groove 2 is the same as the diameter of the polished rod, allowing the polished rod to enter the clamping groove 2. The unloader is equipped with a clamping device that can hold the polished rod in the clamping groove 2. By clamping the polished rod with the clamping device, the load of the polished rod is transferred to the unloader, achieving unloading of the polished rod and facilitating the release of the suspension cable.

[0024] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the clamping device includes a clamping groove 2 located within the cylinder 1. The clamping groove 2 is arranged radially along the cylinder 1, and its width in the left-right direction is the same as the diameter of the guide rod. The inner end face of the clamping groove 2 is an arc-shaped surface. Since the clamping groove 2 is arranged radially, the inner end face of the clamping groove 2 refers to the surface located radially inside the clamping groove 2. The diameter of the arc-shaped surface is the same as the diameter of the guide rod. The center of the arc-shaped surface does not coincide with the center of the cylinder 1. The upper end face of the cylinder 1 is provided with a downwardly extending first groove 31. The first groove 31 is annular, and its center coincides with the center of the cylinder 1. The diameter of the inner end face of the first groove 31 is larger than the diameter of the guide rod. An annular clamping block 32 is provided inside the first groove 31. The clamping block 32 can move along the first groove 31. The clamping block 32 is provided with a notch, which is arranged radially, and its width in the left-right direction is the same as the width of the clamping groove 2 in the left-right direction. When the clamping block 32 rotates within the first groove 31, it aligns the notch with the clamping groove 2. This alignment does not affect the entry of the optical rod into the inner side of the clamping groove 2. Since the center of the inner end face of the clamping groove 2 does not coincide with the center of the cylinder 1, when the optical rod enters the innermost side of the clamping groove 2 and comes into contact with the inner end face of the clamping groove 2, the clamping block 32 located within the first groove 31 rotates along the first groove 31. After rotation, the inner end face of the clamping block 32 within the clamping groove 2 comes into contact with the other side of the optical rod. The clamping block 32 and the cylinder 1 work together to clamp the optical rod. A sliding groove 33 is provided on the side wall of the cylinder 1, surrounding the cylinder 1. The sliding groove 33 radially penetrates the side wall of the cylinder 1 and the first groove 31. The clamping block 32 has a handle 34 on its side. The handle 34 extends into the sliding groove 33 and can move within the sliding groove 33. At the same time, it drives the clamping block 32 to rotate within the first groove 31, thereby adjusting the position of the clamping block 32 and realizing the clamping and releasing of the optical rod.

[0025] like Figure 1 , 4 As shown in Figure -8, a pressing device 4 capable of pressing down on a smooth rod is installed inside the cylinder 1. The pressing device 4 includes a pressing cylinder 41, which has a hole penetrating it along its axial direction. A pressing rod 42 is installed inside the pressing cylinder 41, and the length of the pressing rod 42 is greater than the length of the pressing cylinder 41. The pressing device 4 is arranged radially along the cylinder 1. A spring 43 is fitted around the pressing rod 42. The pressing rod 42 can move back and forth inside the pressing cylinder 41 along its axial direction. When the spring 43 is relaxed, the outer end face of the pressing rod 42 extends out of the pressing cylinder 41. When the pressing rod 42 is pressed inward, it moves inward, and the inner end face of the pressing rod 42 extends out from the other side of the pressing cylinder 41. "Inward" refers to the radial inner side of the cylinder 1, and "outward" refers to the radial outer side of the cylinder 1. The pressure cylinder 41 has an annular first protrusion, and the pressure rod 42 also has an annular second protrusion at its tail. After being installed inside the cylinder 1, the first protrusion is located radially inside the cylinder, and the second protrusion is located radially outside the cylinder. One end of the spring 43 of the pressure rod 42 presses against the first protrusion inside the pressure cylinder 41, and the other end presses against the second protrusion of the pressure rod 42. By pressing the pressure rod 42 inward, the spring 43 is compressed, and the inner end of the pressure rod 42 extends inward. The inner end face of the extended end of the pressure rod 42 presses against the smooth rod, forming a point contact between the pressure rod 42 and the smooth rod. In addition to the surface contact formed by the clamping block 32, a point contact is also formed, increasing the stability of the clamping. In this embodiment, the inner end face of the extended end of the pressure rod 42 is a plane. In other embodiments, the inner end face of the extended end of the pressure rod 42 can also be an arc-shaped surface, with the arc-shaped surface concave at the end away from the axis of the cylinder 1. The arc-shaped inner end face facilitates better contact between the top pressure rod 42 and the polished rod, ensuring a clamping effect while preventing damage to the polished rod caused by the top pressure rod 42. In another embodiment, the inner end face of the protruding end of the top pressure rod 42 can also be a toothed surface. By setting serrations, the friction between the top pressure rod 42 and the polished rod is increased, ensuring that the wellhead unloader of this pumping unit can clamp the polished rod, thereby ensuring that the polished rod can be clamped during unloading and ensuring the safety of the load unloading process.

[0026] like Figure 1 , 4As shown in Figure -8, the pressing device 4 is installed below the first groove 31. A second groove 44 is provided below the first groove 31, and a second slider 45 of the pressing rod 42 of the sliding pressing device 4 is installed in the second groove 44. The second groove 44 is also annularly arranged. The second slider 45 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 32. When the clamping block 32 moves, the second slider 45 slides along the second groove 44, thereby pressing the pressing rod 42. After the clamping block 32 clamps the smooth rod, the pressing rod 42 extends, further pressing and compressing the smooth rod. In other embodiments, multiple pressing devices 4 can be provided, and all multiple pressing devices 4 are arranged radially along the cylinder 1. When the wellhead unloader of this pumping unit needs to be removed from the polished rod, the handle 34 drives the clamping block 32 to rotate counterclockwise along the first groove 31. The clamping block 32 releases the polished rod, and at the same time the second slider 45 releases the top pressure device 4. The top pressure rod 42 is pushed backward by the spring 43 and no longer squeezes the polished rod, making it easy to remove the wellhead unloader from the polished rod, avoiding damage to the polished rod, and achieving high disassembly efficiency.

Claims

1. A pumping unit wellhead unloader, comprising a cylindrical body (1), characterized in that: The cylinder (1) is provided with a clamping groove (2) for placing the optical rod. The clamping groove (2) extends vertically through the cylinder (1). The clamping groove (2) extends radially inward from the outer wall of the cylinder (1). The inner end face of the clamping groove (2) is an arc-shaped surface that can fit with the optical rod. The width of the clamping groove (2) is not less than the diameter of the optical rod. The cylinder (1) is provided with a clamping device that can clamp the optical rod in the clamping groove (2). The cylinder (1) is provided with a pressing device (4) that can press down on the optical rod.

2. The pumping unit wellhead unloader as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping device includes a first groove (31) provided on the cylinder (1) and a clamping block (32) that can slide in the first groove (31). The first groove (31) is an annular groove extending downward along the upper end face of the cylinder (1). The first groove (31) is arranged around the arc surface of the clamping groove (2). The width of the clamping block (32) is greater than the width of the clamping groove (2). The radial distance between the arc surface of the clamping groove (2) and the inner surface of the sliding clamping block (32) is consistent with the diameter of the light rod.

3. The pumping unit wellhead unloader as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with a sliding groove (33) surrounding the cylinder (1). The sliding groove (33) radially penetrates the side wall of the cylinder (1) and the first groove (31). The outer surface of the clamping block (32) is fixed with a handle (34) that can slide along the sliding groove (33).

4. The pumping unit wellhead unloader as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping block (32) is an annular shape with a notch, the size of which is equal to the left and right distance of the clamping groove (2).

5. The pumping unit wellhead unloader as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The top pressing device (4) includes a top pressing cylinder (41) installed radially along the cylinder body (1). The top pressing cylinder is located below the first groove (31). The top pressing cylinder (41) has a through hole in the axial direction. A top pressing rod (42) is installed in the through hole of the top pressing cylinder (41). The length of the top pressing rod (42) is greater than the length of the top pressing cylinder (41). A spring (43) is fitted on the top pressing rod (42). The outer end of the top pressing rod (42) is provided with a second boss that can compress the spring (43) inward. The inner end face of the top pressing rod (42) can extend into the clamping groove (2) to fit the smooth rod.

6. The pumping unit wellhead unloader as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The cylinder (1) is provided with an annular second groove (44). The second groove (44) is located on the lower end face of the first groove (31) and is located on the radial outer side of the top pressing device (4). A second slider (45) is installed in the second groove (44) and can slide along the second groove and then press the top pressing rod (42) inward. The second slider (45) can be driven to slide by the clamping block (32).

7. The pumping unit wellhead unloader as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The inner end face of the top pressure rod (42) is an arc-shaped surface.

8. The pumping unit wellhead unloader as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The inner end face of the top pressure rod (42) is a toothed surface.

9. The pumping unit wellhead unloader as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (1) is equipped with two top-pressing devices (4).

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