A solid oil residue disposal device on a special fluidized bed incinerator

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of solid oil residue on the disposal device of special fluidized bed incinerator, it is characterized by: including the fluidized bed incinerator with combustion chamber dense phase area and combustion chamber dilute phase area, the upper portion of combustion chamber dense phase area on the fluidized bed incinerator is sequentially connected with screw feeder, belt conveyor, pulverizer and the freezing room for freezing oil residue, to send into the upper portion of combustion chamber dense phase area of fluidized bed incinerator after freezing, pulverization of oil residue.The solid oil residue on the disposal device of special fluidized bed incinerator design is reasonable, it is favorable to reduce the waste caused by frequent adjustment desulfurizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an apparatus for treating solid oil sludge, and more particularly to an apparatus for treating solid oil sludge in a special fluidized bed incinerator. Background Technology

[0002] During the production process, oil companies generate a large amount of oil residue from tank cleaning. This oil residue needs to be disposed of in accordance with the requirements for hazardous solid waste. Previously, the applicant used a fluidized bed incinerator to dispose of the oil residue. During disposal, the oil residue was manually and intermittently fed directly into the furnace through the spiral inlet. Due to the high calorific value of the oil residue and the unstable amount of each feed, the furnace conditions fluctuated greatly, and sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide levels were prone to instantaneous exceedances. This required frequent adjustments to the amount of desulfurizing agent, resulting in the phenomenon of excessive desulfurizing agent being added at times, leading to waste.

[0003] In addition, when high-calorific-value oil residue is fed into the spiral inlet of a fluidized bed incinerator, it explodes during combustion, creating positive pressure at the spiral inlet. This can cause flue gas and incinerated materials to be ejected from the furnace, posing a significant safety hazard.

[0004] The currently retrieved Chinese patent "Fly Ash Treatment Device for Fluidized Bed Incinerator" (publication number CN102901106A) includes a cyclone separator, a fly ash conveying system, a bubbling fluidized bed device, and a moving bed ash cooler. The cyclone separator is located between the fluidized bed incinerator and the tail flue, and is connected to the bubbling fluidized bed device via the fly ash conveying system. The moving bed ash cooler is also connected to the bubbling fluidized bed device, and a buried tube heat exchanger is installed inside the moving bed ash cooler. The input end of the buried tube heat exchanger is connected to the feed water pump of the fluidized bed incinerator, and the output end is connected to the economizer of the fluidized bed incinerator. This patent effectively captures fly ash before pollutants accumulate on the fly ash surface and can effectively absorb the sensible heat of the fly ash, significantly reducing the amount of fly ash emitted and the treatment cost. It also reduces ash accumulation, wear, and corrosion on the tail heating surface of the fluidized bed incinerator, realizing the resource utilization of fly ash. However, this patent cannot solve the problem of inaccurate input of high-calorific-value oil residue, which causes large fluctuations in furnace conditions, and the problem of frequent adjustment of desulfurizing agent input when sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide exceed the standard, thus causing waste of desulfurizing agent. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to propose a solid oil sludge disposal device on a special fluidized bed incinerator. The solid oil sludge disposal device on the special fluidized bed incinerator is reasonably designed and helps to reduce waste caused by frequent adjustment of desulfurizing agent.

[0006] This utility model is implemented using the following solution.

[0007] The present invention relates to a device for treating solid oil sludge in a special fluidized bed incinerator, characterized in that: it includes a fluidized bed incinerator having a dense phase zone and a dilute phase zone of the combustion chamber, wherein a screw feeder, a belt conveyor, a crusher, and a freezing chamber for freezing the oil sludge are sequentially connected to the upper part of the dense phase zone of the combustion chamber of the fluidized bed incinerator, so that the oil sludge is fed into the upper part of the dense phase zone of the combustion chamber of the fluidized bed incinerator after being frozen and crushed.

[0008] Preferably, the fluidized bed incinerator includes an upper cylindrical section, a lower conical section, and a reduced-diameter cylindrical section connected in sequence. An air cap is provided at the junction of the lower conical section and the reduced-diameter cylindrical section, and a primary air inlet pipe is provided on the side of the reduced-diameter cylindrical section to form a primary air chamber within the reduced-diameter cylindrical section and a dense phase combustion chamber zone within and above the conical section. The upper cylindrical section has a dense distribution of secondary air inlets along its circumference to form a dilute phase combustion chamber zone within the upper cylindrical section and above the secondary air inlets (the dense phase combustion chamber zone within the fluidized bed incinerator is located above the air cap and below the secondary air inlets). The discharge end of the screw feeder is connected to the feed inlet below the secondary air inlet of the fluidized bed incinerator.

[0009] Preferably, the lower conical section is provided with several limestone injection inlets, and the limestone silo is connected to the limestone injection inlets via a Roots blower and pipelines.

[0010] Preferably, the flue gas outlet end of the upper part of the above-mentioned upper cylindrical section is sequentially connected to a waste heat recovery mechanism, a desulfurization tower, a bag filter, an induced draft fan, and a chimney.

[0011] Preferably, the desulfurization tower is connected in sequence to a first spray gun and a mixer, and the mixer is connected to a water tank and an alkali tank through pipelines.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom ash hopper of the bag filter is connected to the inlet pipe of the desulfurization tower via a pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, a second spray gun and a liquid mixing metering distributor are sequentially connected to the pipeline between the flue gas output end on the upper side of the upper cylindrical section and the waste heat recovery mechanism. The liquid mixing metering distributor is connected to an ammonia storage tank and a deoxygenated water tank through pipelines.

[0014] The working method of this utility model for the treatment device of solid oil residue in a special fluidized bed incinerator involves freezing the viscous oil residue at low temperature in a freezing chamber until it becomes brittle and hard. Then, it is crushed into powder by a crusher and fed into the furnace via a screw feeder through a belt conveyor. Since the crushed powder is fed into the incinerator via a screw conveyor, it can reduce the amount of auxiliary coal used in the incinerator. On the other hand, the screw conveyor ensures a relatively stable amount of oil residue powder, which can stabilize the flue gas generated during combustion. This helps to ensure that the emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, etc. in the flue gas generated by combustion are more uniform, so that the control of the flue gas of the special fluidized bed boiler does not need to be frequently adjusted. In other words, it is not necessary to frequently adjust the amount of desulfurizing agent added, thus avoiding waste caused by frequent adjustments of desulfurizing agent. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings;

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of an embodiment of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 , 3 yes Figure 1 A partial view. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] The present invention relates to a device for treating solid oil sludge in a special fluidized bed incinerator, comprising a fluidized bed incinerator 3 having a dense phase zone 1 and a dilute phase zone 2 of the combustion chamber. A screw feeder A1, a belt conveyor A2, a pulverizer A3, and a freezing chamber A4 for freezing the oil sludge are sequentially connected to the upper part of the dense phase zone 1 of the combustion chamber on the fluidized bed incinerator 3, so that the oil sludge is fed into the upper part of the dense phase zone 1 of the combustion chamber after freezing and pulverizing.

[0020] The output end of the screw feeder A1 is connected to the upper part of the dense phase zone 1 of the combustion chamber, rather than to the dilute phase zone 2 of the combustion chamber. This is because the crushed oil residue forms a solid powder that can be used as an auxiliary fuel for combustion in the incinerator, which can reduce the amount of auxiliary coal used in the incinerator. If the oil residue powder is fed into the dilute phase zone 2 of the combustion chamber, it cannot be used as an auxiliary fuel, and the combustion will be incomplete.

[0021] This invention's treatment device freezes viscous oil residue at low temperatures in a freezing chamber until it becomes brittle and hard. It then crushes the residue into powder using a pulverizer, which is conveyed via a belt conveyor and fed into a screw feeder before being incinerated in the furnace. Because the crushed powder is conveyed into the dense phase zone 1 of the combustion chamber of the incinerator via a screw conveyor, the amount of auxiliary coal used in the incinerator is reduced. Furthermore, the screw conveyor ensures a stable amount of oil residue powder, stabilizing the flue gas produced during combustion. This helps maintain the uniformity of emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide from the flue gas, preventing frequent adjustments to the control of the fluidized bed flue gas and thus avoiding the waste caused by frequent adjustments to the desulfurizing agent dosage.

[0022] The fluidized bed incinerator 3 described above includes an upper cylindrical section 301, a lower conical section 302, and a reduced-diameter cylindrical section 303 connected in sequence. An air cap 304 (an existing component with small holes through which a high-speed airflow is ejected to agitate the bed material and promote fluidized combustion; this air cap is mounted on an air distribution plate, which is not shown in the diagram) is provided on the side of the reduced-diameter cylindrical section to allow primary air to enter the bed material. A primary air chamber 306 is formed inside the conical section, and a dense phase combustion chamber 1 is formed inside and above the conical section. Secondary air inlets 307 are densely distributed in the circumferential direction of the upper cylindrical section to form a dilute phase combustion chamber 2 inside the upper cylindrical section and above the secondary air inlets. Specifically, the dense phase combustion chamber inside the fluidized bed incinerator is located above the air cap and below the secondary air inlets. The discharge end of the screw feeder A1 is connected to the feed port below the secondary air inlet 307 on the fluidized bed incinerator 3.

[0023] Several limestone injection inlets 308 are provided on the lower conical section 302, and the limestone silo 6 is connected to the limestone injection inlets 308 through a Roots blower 7 and pipelines.

[0024] The flue gas outlet end of the upper cylindrical section 301 is connected in sequence to the waste heat recovery mechanism 8, the desulfurization tower 9, the bag filter 10, the induced draft fan 11 and the chimney 12; the desulfurization tower 9 is connected in sequence to the first spray gun 13 and the mixer 14, and the mixer 14 is connected to the water tank 15 and the alkali tank 16 (containing 30% alkali solution) through pipelines.

[0025] The bottom ash hopper 17 of the bag filter 10 is connected to the inlet pipe 901 of the desulfurization tower 9 through an inclined pipe. The inclined pipe facilitates the input of ash into the inlet pipe 901.

[0026] A second spray gun 17 and a liquid mixing metering distributor 18 are sequentially connected to the pipeline between the flue gas output end of the upper cylindrical section 301 and the waste heat recovery mechanism 8. The liquid mixing metering distributor is connected to an ammonia storage tank 19 and a deoxygenated water tank 20 through pipelines.

[0027] The specific working principle of the fluidized bed incinerator 3 with the above structure is as follows: Primary air is evenly distributed through primary air input pipe 305, primary air chamber 306, and air cap 304 and enters the dense phase zone 1 of the combustion chamber to assist in the incineration of waste; limestone in limestone bin 6 is introduced into the dense phase zone 1 of the combustion chamber through pipeline and limestone injection inlet 308 under the action of Roots blower 7. Limestone is heated and decomposed in the dense phase zone 1 of the combustion chamber, producing calcium oxide and carbon dioxide, which aggravates the oxygen-deficient combustion state in the dense phase zone 1 of the combustion chamber and inhibits the generation of nitrogen oxides. Among them, calcium oxide plays the role of removing part of sulfur dioxide.

[0028] After being frozen in the freezing room A4 and crushed in the crusher A3, the oil residue is sent by the belt conveyor A2 to the upper part of the dense phase zone 1 of the combustion chamber of the fluidized bed incinerator 3 (i.e., the feed port connected below the secondary air inlet 307 of the fluidized bed incinerator 3) for incineration.

[0029] Unburned portions in the fluidized bed incinerator 3 enter the dilute phase zone 2 of the upper combustion chamber, where they are further burned completely by secondary air entering through the secondary air inlet 307. The flue gas generated by combustion enters the desulfurization tower 9 after passing through the waste heat recovery mechanism 8 (or after passing through a superheater). Before passing through the waste heat recovery mechanism 8, the flue gas passes through the second spray gun 17, where ammonia water from the ammonia water storage tank 19 and deoxygenated water from the deoxygenated water tank 20 are evenly distributed by the liquid mixing metering distributor 18 (via the second spray gun 17) to remove nitrogen oxides from the flue gas. After passing through the waste heat recovery mechanism 8, the flue gas enters the desulfurization tower 9. Fresh water from the water tank 15 and 30% alkaline solution prepared from the alkaline solution tank 16 are mixed by the mixer 14 and atomized by the first spray gun 13 before being sprayed into the desulfurization tower 9. In the desulfurization tower 9, acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide in the flue gas react with the diluted alkaline solution atomized water to further remove sulfur dioxide and other acidic gases. The desulfurized flue gas enters the bag filter 10, where solid dust is removed from the flue gas through the filter bags. The clean flue gas is then led to the chimney 12 by the induced draft fan 11 for discharge.

[0030] Advantages of the fluidized bed incinerator with the above structure:

[0031] 1. The combination of limestone desulfurization inside the incinerator and semi-dry desulfurization by spraying alkaline solution after the furnace provides dual protection for the desulfurization system, ensuring that sulfur dioxide emissions from complex waste materials meet emission standards.

[0032] 2. By adding a small amount of limestone into the incinerator, the generation of nitrogen oxides can be suppressed, the amount of ammonia water used in the subsequent process can be reduced, which helps to extend the service life of subsequent equipment and at the same time reduces the generation of subsequent solid waste.

[0033] 3. The incinerator is equipped with a desulfurization tower 9 and a bag filter 10, which only produces solid waste and no wastewater. It also requires little space and has a simple process.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of this utility model or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solution claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for treating solid oil residue in a special fluidized bed incinerator, characterized in that: The fluidized bed incinerator includes a dense phase zone and a dilute phase zone of the combustion chamber. The fluidized bed incinerator is connected in sequence to a screw feeder, a belt conveyor, a crusher and a freezing chamber for freezing oil residue in the upper part of the dense phase zone of the combustion chamber, so that the oil residue is fed into the upper part of the dense phase zone of the combustion chamber of the fluidized bed incinerator after freezing and crushing.

2. The device for treating solid oil sludge in a special fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluidized bed incinerator includes an upper cylindrical section, a lower conical section, and a reduced-diameter cylindrical section connected in sequence. An air cap is provided at the junction of the lower conical section and the reduced-diameter cylindrical section. A primary air inlet pipe is provided on the side of the reduced-diameter cylindrical section to form a primary air chamber within the reduced-diameter cylindrical section and a dense phase combustion chamber zone within and above the conical section. The upper cylindrical section has a dense distribution of secondary air inlets along its circumference to form a dilute phase combustion chamber zone within the upper cylindrical section and above the secondary air inlets. The discharge end of the screw feeder is connected to the feed inlet below the secondary air inlet of the fluidized bed incinerator.

3. The device for treating solid oil sludge in a special fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower conical section is equipped with several limestone injection inlets, and the limestone silo is connected to the limestone injection inlets via a Roots blower and pipelines.

4. The device for treating solid oil sludge in a special fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flue gas outlet end of the upper cylindrical section is sequentially connected to a waste heat recovery mechanism, a desulfurization tower, a bag filter, an induced draft fan, and a chimney.

5. The device for treating solid oil sludge in a special fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The desulfurization tower is connected in sequence to a first spray gun and a mixer, and the mixer is connected to a water tank and an alkali tank through pipelines.

6. The device for treating solid oil sludge in a special fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom ash hopper of the bag filter is connected to the inlet pipe of the desulfurization tower via a pipeline.

7. The device for treating solid oil sludge in a special fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second spray gun and a liquid mixing metering distributor are sequentially connected to the pipeline between the flue gas output end on the upper side of the upper cylindrical section and the waste heat recovery mechanism. The liquid mixing metering distributor is connected to an ammonia storage tank and a deoxygenated water tank through pipelines.

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