An explosion-proof electromagnetic oil heater facilitating descaling and dredging

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of anti-explosion petroleum electromagnetic heaters convenient to remove scale dredging, belong to electric heating equipment technical field, to solve existing equipment cannot be disassembled, difficult to remove scale dredging, thermal stress is easy to crack, poor pressure-bearing capacity and other problems.The core includes tube plate type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle, shell cylinder, explosion-proof junction box and high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable wire.Heating tube bundle has U-shaped tube, straight tube welding screen cover head, straight tube screw fastening screen cover head three kinds of connection structure, can be flexibly disassembled and assembled;Shell cylinder is equipped with inlet-outlet oil flange, blowdown spare hole and the like;Explosion-proof junction box guarantees safety wiring;Cable wire has single or multiple winding two kinds of loop structures.Working, high-frequency electromagnetic induction generates eddy current heating medium, detachable structure is convenient to remove scale dredging, also avoid thermal stress cracking, improve pressure-bearing capacity, applicable to petroleum and natural gas extraction and transportation link.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of electric heating equipment, specifically relating to a device for explosion-proof high-frequency electromagnetic induction heating of oil and natural gas. Background Technology

[0002] As a vital energy source, petroleum requires heating as a crucial step in its extraction, transportation, and processing. During extraction, crude oil is often heated to reduce viscosity, improve fluidity, and facilitate transport. In petroleum transportation, efficient heating technology is essential for preventing solidification and wax formation during long-distance pipeline transport, ensuring unobstructed pipeline flow. Furthermore, heating is indispensable in petroleum processing, from initial crude oil separation to the refining of various petroleum products.

[0003] Explosion-proof high-frequency electromagnetic induction oil and gas heaters, with their unique electromagnetic induction heating technology, possess significant advantages such as high thermal efficiency, fast heating speed, and low energy consumption, greatly improving energy utilization efficiency. They hold significant importance in the oil heating field, providing strong support for energy conservation, emission reduction, and improved production efficiency in the oil industry, and represent an important direction for the development of oil heating technology. However, increasingly stringent requirements are being placed on electromagnetic heater equipment for oilfield wellhead pipelines and gathering and transportation pipelines in terms of scale prevention, descaling, and prevention of mud and sand blockage. Especially in the later stages of oilfield development, the increased sand and water content in the oil layer, along with the increased mineralization of the mineral fluid, leads to a faster rate of scaling on the heating element and heat carrier pipeline of the electromagnetic heater. This not only directly affects the heating and heat exchange performance of the electromagnetic heater, but in severe cases, it can also cause frequent overheating protection, frequent start-ups and shutdowns, and malfunctions, even resulting in burnout due to excessive heat accumulation in the coils.

[0004] In existing technologies, most high-frequency electromagnetic heaters for oil and gas employ a structure with a tube sheet flange welded to each end of a closed outer shell. Specifically, several electromagnetic induction steel pipes are welded through and connected to the tube sheet flanges at both ends of the outer shell. These tubular electromagnetic induction steel pipes, welded between the two tube sheet flanges, form a closed tubular cavity. Short inlet and outlet flanges are provided at the upper and lower ends of the closed tubular cavity wall to connect to external oil pipelines and form an oil transport circuit. High-frequency cable conductors are threaded through each of the tubular steel pipes, forming a high-frequency electromagnetic heating power transmission circuit. Once the electromagnetic induction power supply circuit is connected, the electromagnetic induction steel pipes within the cavity can be inductively heated to directly heat the cold crude oil / water medium flowing within the shell.

[0005] During the heating process of cold crude oil in a water medium, the crude oil molecular chains break down upon heating, resulting in oil-water separation and oil-in-sand separation. As heating time increases and temperature rises, the oil-sand separation becomes more pronounced, and the scaling rate of the heated steel pipeline accelerates. Therefore, regardless of the heating conditions, the descaling and cleaning problems faced by electromagnetic heaters cannot be ignored. Cleaning is a major challenge for existing petroleum heating equipment. Because existing cleaning methods are often complex, inefficient, and require shutdown for cleaning, they severely impact the continuity of oil production and the efficiency of equipment maintenance and repair, increasing production costs.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to perform descaling operations on electromagnetic heaters regularly. The common practice in the industry is to extract the core of the heating element and heat carrier pipeline inside the electromagnetic heater, and perform specialized mechanical or chemical descaling to remove the mineralized scale layer on the core tube. At the same time, the accumulated oil, sludge, and silt in the heater cavity are cleaned to restore the normal heating operating environment of the electromagnetic heater.

[0007] For example, the electromagnetic heating assembly and crude oil explosion-proof electromagnetic heater disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN222776343U have tube sheet flanges with pipe holes sealed and welded to the inner sides of the two ends of the outer shell. The tube ends of each electromagnetic heat exchange tube pass through the wall plate of the tube sheet flange and are sealed and welded to the wall plate of the tube sheet flange at both ends, forming a closed and non-removable fixed electromagnetic heating structure. High-frequency cables are threaded through each steel pipe, forming a high-frequency electromagnetic induction heating power transmission circuit. The main drawback of this utility model is that it is impossible to regularly clean the heating tubes for scaling, descaling, sand removal, and silt removal. Moreover, due to its structure, when performing high-power high-temperature electromagnetic heating on relatively high-pressure oil and gas pipelines, the interconnected structure of each electric heating steel pipe welded to the tube sheet flange at both ends and welded to the outer shell is prone to stress cracking defects at the welded joints of the inner and outer electromagnetic heating tubes due to the different tensions of the inner and outer pipe diameters and the different thermal expansion stresses. This greatly limits its practical installation and application, and its structure has room for further improvement and perfection.

[0008] In view of this, in order to adapt to the development and progress of oilfield production and transportation equipment in the oil and gas industry, and to improve the advanced nature and practicality of the equipment, it is necessary to develop a new type of explosion-proof electromagnetic heater for petroleum that is easy to descale and clean. Utility Model Content

[0009] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and solve the problems of non-removable electromagnetic induction heating cores, difficulty in descaling and cleaning, thermal stress cracking, and poor pressure bearing capacity of existing high-frequency electromagnetic heaters, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a novel and practical structure in which the high-frequency electromagnetic induction steel pipe bundle can be disassembled and assembled according to the needs of maintenance, descaling, and sludge removal operations. This avoids the problem of mismatch in thermal stress expansion between hot and cold pipelines caused by interconnecting them as a whole, and improves the overall pressure bearing capacity of the equipment.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above problems is:

[0011] An explosion-proof electromagnetic heater for petroleum applications, facilitating descaling and cleaning, comprises: a tube-plate electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle, an outer shell, an explosion-proof junction box, and a high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable. The tube-plate electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle passes through the tube-plate connecting flange wall and is welded to the electromagnetic induction steel pipe. The outer shell has a connecting flange welded to one end and a mounting head welded to the other end. An inlet connecting flange, a drain hole, and a support saddle are welded to the lower shell wall, while an outlet connecting flange and a temperature control box are welded to the upper shell wall. An explosion-proof junction box is welded to the flange wall at the outer end of the tube-plate connecting flange. The high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable runs through the ferromagnetic steel pipe of the tube-plate electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle. The outer shell protects the internal components, supports the parts, and guides fluid flow. The inlet and outlet connecting flanges form an oil flow heating circulation loop. The drain hole facilitates cleaning of scale. The support saddle ensures equipment stability. The temperature control box monitors and controls the equipment temperature.

[0012] The aforementioned explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater, which facilitates descaling and sludge removal, has a connection structure for the tube sheet-type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle that is any of the following:

[0013] (1) Direct U-shaped tube structure: The tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle is a connection structure composed of multiple U-shaped steel tubes that pass through holes in the flange plate wall and are welded to the flange wall of the tube sheet connecting flange. This structure is easy to manufacture and install.

[0014] (2) Straight tube welded structure: The tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle is a tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle consisting of multiple straight steel tubes with one end welded to the flange wall of the tube sheet connecting flange and the other end welded to the tube sheet wall of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange. The outer end face of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange is sealed and welded to the heating tube bundle screen cover head, forming a connection structure of straight tube welded heating tube bundle screen cover head.

[0015] (3) Straight tube screw fastening structure: The tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle consists of multiple straight steel tubes, one end of which is welded to the flange wall of the tube sheet connecting flange, and the other end of which is welded to the tube sheet wall of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange. The outer end face of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange is sealed and fastened to the heating tube bundle screen cover head by screws. The tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle connection structure with straight tube screw fastening heating tube bundle screen cover head is formed.

[0016] The aforementioned explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater, which is easy to descale and clear blockages, has its heating tube bundle cover end cap welded and fixed to the outer flange wall of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange, and forming a seal with the high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductors inside multiple straight steel pipes.

[0017] The aforementioned explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater, which is easy to descale and clear blockages, has a straight tube screw-fastened heating tube bundle cover end cap. After multiple straight steel pipes are threaded through and wound with high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable wires, the end cap is fastened and sealed to the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange by screws, and the sealing is achieved by the screw pre-tightening force.

[0018] The aforementioned explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater, which facilitates descaling and sludge removal, comprises multiple U-shaped steel tubes of a tube-plate electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle, through which high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductors are wound and threaded, or multiple straight steel tubes with heating tube bundle cover heads, through which high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductors are wound and threaded, wherein the cable conductor connection circuit structure is any one of the following:

[0019] One type is a high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable connection circuit structure in which a single electromagnetic induction cable conductor is wound and connected through each steel pipe.

[0020] Another type is a high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable connection circuit structure in which multiple electromagnetic induction cable conductors are wound and connected inside each steel pipe; this design can flexibly adapt to different heating requirements.

[0021] The aforementioned explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater, which is easy to descale and clear blockages, has an explosion-proof junction box containing a high-frequency power supply terminal, a temperature measurement and control sensor terminal, and a temperature control sensor insertion hole. The junction box also has control cable inlet / outlet ports and a power cable on its inner wall for connecting to an external power source and control equipment, ensuring the heater's safe operation.

[0022] The aforementioned explosion-proof electromagnetic heater for petroleum is easy to descale and clear blockages. The outer end face of the explosion-proof junction box flange is connected to an explosion-proof junction box sealing end cover by screws. The sealing performance of the explosion-proof junction box is achieved by the screw connection of the explosion-proof junction box sealing end cover, and complies with the GB3836.2-2021 explosion-proof standard.

[0023] The aforementioned explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater, which facilitates descaling and sludge removal, has alternating upper and lower flow guide baffles fixed between the steel pipes of the tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle, and the bottom of the flow guide baffles is welded with a full-body slide rail for the heating tube bundle.

[0024] In operation, this invention, according to design requirements and actual conditions, connects the novel explosion-proof electromagnetic heater for oil wells, which facilitates descaling and sludge removal, to the inlet and outlet pipelines of the oil well's pipeline. The conductive terminals in the explosion-proof sealed junction box are connected to an external power supply. Upon startup, it can electromagnetically heat the oil in the oil well's pipeline. Oil, natural gas, or associated gas flows into the outer shell from the inlet flange and passes through the tube sheet-type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle. The high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductors within the tube bundle generate a magnetic field, causing eddy currents in the ferromagnetic material, thus converting electrical energy into heat energy to heat the oil, natural gas, or associated gas. The heated gas flows out from the outlet flange. The entire process is highly efficient and energy-saving. Furthermore, due to the characteristics of electromagnetic induction heating, scale does not easily form on the inner wall of the heating tube bundle, effectively solving the scaling and sludge removal problems of existing heating equipment.

[0025] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: after the high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor is energized, it generates a high-frequency alternating magnetic field. The ferromagnetic steel pipe of the tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle generates eddy currents and heats up due to electromagnetic induction in the alternating magnetic field, thereby heating the petroleum medium flowing outside the pipe. The explosion-proof junction box realizes the explosion-proof sealing of the circuit, the drain hole facilitates regular cleaning of dirt and blockage inside the pipe, the flow guide baffle extends the heating path of the medium to improve heating efficiency, and the temperature control box monitors and adjusts the heating temperature in real time through the temperature sensor to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The design employs a detachable electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle, consisting of multiple U-shaped steel pipes passing through holes in the flange wall of the tube sheet, with the ends of the U-shaped pipes welded through to the flange wall of the tube sheet connection flange. This structure is independent of the outer shell, meeting the practical needs of easy disassembly and extraction during equipment maintenance, descaling, and sludge removal, while also solving the problem of the electromagnetic heating tube bundle's thermal stress expansion coefficient and expansion deformation energy mutually canceling each other out. Because it is not structurally welded to any other adjacent metal objects, it completely avoids the problem of thermal stress cracking caused by inconsistent thermal stress expansion, effectively improving the overall pressure-bearing capacity of the equipment.

[0027] Actual testing and trials have shown that this utility model has the advantages of novel and practical overall structure, convenient installation and use, strong safety and practicality, and wide applicability. It is a new type of explosion-proof electromagnetic heater for petroleum that is easy to descale and clean blockages.

[0028] Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the structures pointed out in the description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of an embodiment of the explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater with a direct U-shaped tube-plate electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle connection structure.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater, which is a tube-plate type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle connection structure for a straight tube welded heating tube bundle screen cover end cap.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of another embodiment of the explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater, which is a tube-plate electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle connection structure with a straight tube screw fastening heating tube bundle screen cover end cap.

[0033] The reference numerals in the attached diagram are: 1. Tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle; 101. Tube sheet connecting flange; 1011- U-shaped steel pipe; 1012-Straight steel pipe; 102-Heating tube bundle flange; 1021-Straight welded heating tube bundle cover head; 1022-Screw-fastened heating tube bundle cover head; 103-Heating tube guide baffle; 104-Heating tube bundle slide rail; 2-Outer shell; 201-Outer shell connecting flange; 202-Outer shell head; 203-Inlet short section flange; 204-Drainage short section flange; 205-Cylinder saddle; 206-Outlet short section flange; 207-Temperature control box; 208-Outlet temperature sensor insertion hole; 3-Explosion-proof junction box; 301-Explosion-proof junction box sealing end cap; 302-High frequency power supply terminal; 303-Temperature control sensor terminal; 304-Temperature control sensor insertion hole; 305-Cable inlet; 306-Explosion-proof junction box port flange; 4-High frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0036] As attached Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment includes: a tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle 1, an outer shell cylinder 2, an explosion-proof junction box 3, and a high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor 4. The tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle 1 passes through the tube sheet connecting flange 101 wall plate and is welded to the electromagnetic induction steel pipe. One end of the outer shell cylinder 2 is welded with an outer shell cylinder connecting flange 201, and the other end is welded with a cylinder mounting head 202. The lower cylinder wall plate of the outer shell cylinder 2 is welded with an inlet connecting flange 203, a drain hole 204, and a support saddle 205. The upper cylinder wall plate is welded with an outlet connecting flange 206 and a temperature control box 207. The explosion-proof junction box 3 is welded to the flange plate wall at the outer end of the tube sheet connecting flange 101. The high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor 4 is threaded through the ferromagnetic steel pipe of the tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle 1. The outer shell 2 serves as the outer casing of the entire heater, protecting the internal components, supporting the parts, and guiding fluid flow. The inlet flange 203 and outlet flange 206 are used to connect to the external oil inlet and outlet pipelines, forming a complete oil flow heating circulation loop. The drain hole 204 facilitates the cleaning of accumulated dirt and silt after the equipment has been running for a period of time. The support saddle 205 provides stable support for the entire equipment, ensuring its stability during operation. The temperature control box 207 is used to monitor and control the internal temperature of the equipment in real time, ensuring that the equipment operates within a suitable temperature range and avoiding the impact of excessively high or low temperatures on the equipment's performance and service life.

[0037] Preferred options are listed in the appendix. Figures 1-3 The connection structure of the tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle 1 described in this embodiment has various characteristics, including the following three types:

[0038] ① Direct U-shaped tube structure: The tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle 1 is a connection structure of a straight tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle composed of multiple U-shaped steel tubes 1011 that are welded through holes in the flange plate wall to the flange wall of the tube sheet connecting flange 101. This structure facilitates disassembly during maintenance, descaling, and sludge removal. The structure of the U-shaped steel tubes allows thermal stress expansion to be mutually offset within the structure itself, avoiding cracking.

[0039] ② Straight tube welded connection structure: The tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle 1 is composed of multiple straight steel tubes 1012, one end of which is welded to the flange wall of the tube sheet connecting flange 101, and the other end of which is welded to the tube sheet wall of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange 102. The outer end face of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange 102 is sealed and welded to the heating tube bundle screen cover head 1021. This structure ensures airtightness, facilitates inspection and maintenance of the tube bundle, and the thermal stress expansion of the heating tube bundle can be mutually offset within its own structure.

[0040] ③ Straight tube screw fastening structure: The tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle 1 consists of multiple straight steel tubes 1012, one end of which is welded to the flange wall of the tube sheet connecting flange 101, and the other end of which is welded to the tube sheet wall of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange 102. The outer end face of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange 102 is sealed and fastened to the heating tube bundle screen cover head 1022 by screws. The connection structure of the tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle with straight tube screw fastening heating tube bundle screen cover head is as follows: The advantage of this structure is that, through screw connection, when it is necessary to disassemble the heating tube bundle screen cover head 1022, the operation is simpler, and the internal inspection and cleaning of the tube bundle can be quickly realized. The thermal stress expansion of the heating tube bundle can be mutually offset within its own structure.

[0041] For example, see Appendix Figure 2 In this embodiment, the heating tube bundle screen cover end cap 1021 is welded and fixed to the outer flange plate wall of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange 102, and forms a seal with the high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor 4 inside the multiple straight steel pipes 1012.

[0042] For details, please see the appendix. Figure 3 In this embodiment, the straight tube screw fastening heating tube bundle screen cover head 1022 is made by passing through and winding high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductors 4 inside multiple straight steel pipes 1012, and then fastening and sealing it to the heating tube bundle tube plate flange 102 with screws, and the sealing is achieved by the screw pre-tightening force.

[0043] Preferred options are listed in the appendix. Figures 1-3In this embodiment, the high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor 4 is wound and connected inside multiple U-shaped steel pipes 1011 of the tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle 1, or the high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor 4 is wound and connected inside the cavity of multiple straight steel pipes 1012 with heating tube bundle screen cover end caps. The cable conductor connection circuit structure is any one of the following:

[0044] One type is a high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable connection circuit structure in which a single electromagnetic induction cable conductor is wound and connected through each steel pipe.

[0045] Another type is a high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable connection circuit structure in which multiple electromagnetic induction cable conductors are respectively wound and connected inside each steel pipe.

[0046] For example, see Appendix Figures 1-3 In this embodiment, the explosion-proof junction box 3 is equipped with a high-frequency power supply terminal 302, a temperature measurement and control sensor terminal 303, and a temperature control sensor insertion hole 304. The casing wall of the explosion-proof junction box 3 is provided with control cable inlet / outlet ports 305 and a power cable. An explosion-proof junction box sealing end cap 301 is screwed to the outer end face of the flange 306 of the explosion-proof junction box 3. The sealing performance of the explosion-proof junction box 3 is achieved through the screw connection of the explosion-proof junction box sealing end cap 301, and complies with the GB3836.2-2021 explosion-proof standard. The explosion-proof junction box sealing end cap ensures the wiring... The box's internal sealing prevents the entry of external flammable and explosive gases. The explosion-proof junction box's walls are equipped with power cable and control cable inlet / outlet ports for easy connection to external power and control cables, providing power and control signals to the equipment. High-frequency power supply terminals connect to a high-frequency power source, providing the necessary electrical energy to the high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductors. Temperature sensor terminals connect to a temperature sensor, transmitting the temperature signal collected by the sensor to the control system. Temperature sensor insertion holes allow for the insertion of a temperature sensor, enabling precise measurement of the equipment's internal temperature.

[0047] For further optimization, see the appendix. Figures 1-3 In this embodiment, the tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle 1 has alternating upper and lower flow guide baffles 103 fixed between the steel tubes, and the bottom of the flow guide baffles 103 is welded with a heating tube bundle through slide rail 104.

[0048] For details, please see the appendix. Figures 1-3In this embodiment, the high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor 4 is threaded through the ferromagnetic steel pipes of the tube-plate type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle 1. The cable conductor connection loop structure has two options: one is a high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor connection loop structure formed by one electromagnetic induction cable conductor winding through and connecting in each steel pipe; the other is a high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor connection loop structure formed by multiple electromagnetic induction cable conductors winding through and connecting in each steel pipe. Both structural methods ensure that the high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor 4 forms an effective electromagnetic induction heating loop within the ferromagnetic steel pipe, achieving efficient heating of the fluid inside the pipe.

[0049] For further details, please see the appendix. Figures 1-3 In this embodiment, the steel pipes of the tube bundle 1 of the tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle are connected and fixed with alternating upper and lower flow guide baffles 103. The bottom of the flow guide baffles is welded to the bottom of the tube bundle through-body slide rails 104. The function of the flow guide baffles is to guide the flow direction of the fluid in the tube, so that the fluid is evenly distributed in the tube bundle and the heating efficiency is improved. The through-body slide rails of the heating tube bundle provide convenience for the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the tube bundle, making it easy for the tube bundle to move along the slide rails and reducing the difficulty of operation.

[0050] The above is merely one embodiment. Any other technical features and solutions derived by adding components, making equivalent substitutions, and making partial improvements without creative effort by those skilled in the art are all within the scope of protection of this utility model patent.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof electromagnetic heater for petroleum applications that facilitates descaling and cleaning, characterized in that, It includes a tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle (1), an outer shell cylinder (2), an explosion-proof junction box (3), and a high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor (4). The tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle (1) passes through the tube sheet connecting flange (101) wall plate and is welded to the electromagnetic induction steel pipe. The outer shell cylinder (2) has an outer shell cylinder connecting flange (201) welded to one end and a cylinder mounting head (202) welded to the other end. The lower cylinder wall plate of the outer shell cylinder (2) is welded with an inlet connecting flange (203), a drain hole (204), and a support saddle (205). The upper cylinder wall plate is welded with an outlet connecting flange (206) and a temperature control box (207). The explosion-proof junction box (3) is welded to the flange plate wall at the outer end of the tube sheet connecting flange (101). The high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor (4) passes through the ferromagnetic steel pipe of the tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle (1).

2. The explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater that is easy to descale and clear blockages according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection structure of the tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle (1) is any one of the following: (1) Direct U-shaped tube structure: The tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle (1) is a connection structure of a direct U-shaped tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle composed of multiple U-shaped steel tubes (1011) that pass through holes in the flange plate wall and have their ends welded through to the flange wall of the tube sheet connecting flange (101). (2) Straight tube welded structure: The tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle (1) is a tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle consisting of multiple straight steel tubes (1012) with one end welded to the flange wall of the tube sheet connecting flange (101) and the other end welded to the tube sheet wall of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange (102). The outer end face of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange (102) is sealed and welded to the heating tube bundle screen cover head (1021). (3) Straight tube screw fastening structure: The tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle (1) is composed of multiple straight steel tubes (1012) with one end welded to the flange wall of the tube sheet connecting flange (101) and the other end welded to the tube sheet wall of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange (102). The outer end face of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange (102) is sealed and fastened to the heating tube bundle screen cover head (1022) by screws. The tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle with straight tube screw fastening is connected to the heating tube bundle screen cover head.

3. The explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater that is easy to descale and clear blockages according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heating tube bundle screen cover head (1021) is welded and fixed to the outer flange plate wall of the heating tube bundle tube sheet flange (102) and sealed with the high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor (4) inside the multiple straight steel pipes (1012).

4. The explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater that is easy to descale and clear blockages according to claim 2, characterized in that, The straight tube screw fastening heating tube bundle screen cover head (1022) is made by passing through and winding high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductors (4) in multiple straight steel pipes (1012) and then fastening and sealing it to the heating tube bundle tube plate flange (102) with screws, and the sealing is achieved by the screw preload.

5. An explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater that is easy to descale and clear blockages according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor (4) is wound and connected inside multiple U-shaped steel pipes (1011) of the tube sheet electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle (1), or the high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable conductor (4) is wound and connected inside multiple straight steel pipes (1012) with heating tube bundle screen cover end caps, and the cable conductor connection circuit structure is any one of the following: One type is a high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable connection circuit structure in which a single electromagnetic induction cable conductor is wound and connected through each steel pipe. Another type is a high-frequency electromagnetic induction cable connection circuit structure in which multiple electromagnetic induction cable conductors are respectively wound and connected inside each steel pipe.

6. An explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater that is easy to descale and clear blockages according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion-proof junction box (3) is provided with a high-frequency power supply terminal (302), a temperature measurement and control sensor terminal (303), and a temperature control sensor insertion hole (304) inside the box; and the wall of the explosion-proof junction box (3) is provided with power cable and control cable inlet and outlet ports (305).

7. The explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater for easy descaling and sludge removal according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer end face of the flange (306) of the explosion-proof junction box (3) is connected to the explosion-proof junction box sealing end cover (301) by screws. The sealing performance of the explosion-proof junction box (3) is achieved by the screw connection of the explosion-proof junction box sealing end cover (301) and complies with the GB3836.2-2021 explosion-proof standard.

8. An explosion-proof petroleum electromagnetic heater that is easy to descale and clear blockages according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tube sheet type electromagnetic induction heating tube bundle (1) has alternating upper and lower flow guide baffles (103) fixed between the steel tubes, and the bottom of the flow guide baffles (103) is welded with a heating tube bundle slide rail (104).

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