A fuel cell metal bipolar plate and a fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of fuel cell metal bipolar plate and fuel cell, it is related to fuel cell technical field, the both ends of gas distribution area are connected in gas cavity mouth and gas active area respectively, gas cavity mouth is connected in gas distribution area by multiple linearly uniform arrangement's slot opening;Gas distribution area includes multiple interval arrangement's gas flow channel distribution strip, gas flow channel distribution strip corresponds with the inlet of gas active area, every N gas flow channel distribution strip constitutes gas fractal flow channel;Gas flow channel distribution strip of the end of each group gas fractal flow channel arrangement is connected with the gas flow channel distribution head of inclination, gas flow channel distribution head corresponds with slot opening and is ladder type interval arrangement.The utility model is through the collaborative design of distribution area ladderization gas flow channel distribution head and gas fractal flow channel, ensure that gas can be evenly distributed before entering gas active area, realize gas evenly promotes and flow resistance significantly reduces, to avoid that uneven use of gas causes the distribution dead zone of edge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell; in addition, this utility model also relates to a fuel cell. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), the metal bipolar plate is primarily responsible for uniformly distributing reactant gases, such as hydrogen, oxygen, and air, to the active zone, ensuring efficient electrochemical reactions. However, existing fuel cell metal bipolar plates cannot guarantee uniform gas distribution before entering the active zone, resulting in significant pressure drop losses and creating dead zones at the edges, thus reducing fuel cell performance. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell, ensuring uniform gas distribution before entering the active gas region, thereby avoiding dead zones at the edges caused by uneven gas utilization. To this end, this invention also provides a fuel cell.

[0004] In a first aspect, this utility model proposes a metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell, comprising a gas inlet, a gas distribution area, and a gas active area. The two ends of the gas distribution area are respectively connected to the gas inlet and the gas active area. The gas inlet is connected to the gas distribution area through multiple slots arranged linearly and uniformly. The gas distribution area includes multiple gas flow channel distribution strips arranged at intervals, and the gas flow channel distribution strips correspond to the inlet of the gas active area. Every N gas flow channel distribution strips form a gas fractal flow channel. The gas flow channel distribution strips at the end of each group of gas fractal flow channels are connected to inclined gas flow channel distribution heads, and the gas flow channel distribution heads correspond to the slots and are arranged in a stepped interval.

[0005] Preferably, the gas fractal flow channel of the fuel cell metal bipolar plate provided by this utility model is composed of four gas flow channel distribution strips.

[0006] Preferably, the gas flow channel distribution head of the fuel cell metal bipolar plate provided by this utility model has a rounded rectangular structure.

[0007] Preferably, the spacing between the gas flow channel distribution heads of the fuel cell metal bipolar plate provided by this utility model is 1.5-2 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the gas flow channel distribution strip of the metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell provided by this utility model is arranged at an angle.

[0009] Preferably, in the fuel cell metal bipolar plate provided by this utility model, the gas flow distribution head is inclined toward the inclined direction of the gas flow distribution strip.

[0010] Preferably, the metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell provided by this utility model has a slot with a waist-shaped structure.

[0011] Preferably, the gas chamber of the fuel cell metal bipolar plate provided by this utility model has a rounded quadrilateral shape.

[0012] Preferably, the gas active zone of the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell provided by this utility model has a serpentine flow channel structure or a straight flow channel structure.

[0013] Secondly, this utility model also provides a fuel cell, including the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell in the first aspect.

[0014] As can be seen, the metal bipolar plate and fuel cell provided by this utility model, through the coordinated design of the stepped gas flow channel distribution head and the gas fractal flow channel in the distribution area, ensure that the gas can be evenly distributed before entering the gas active area, realize the uniform gas lifting and significantly reduce the flow resistance, so as to avoid the distribution dead zone at the edge caused by uneven gas utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gas distribution area in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of flow rate in the optimized channel obtained from simulation analysis.

[0019] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0020] Gas inlet 1, gas distribution area 2, gas flow channel distribution strip 21, gas flow channel distribution head 22, gas active area 3, slot 4. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0022] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0023] In existing technologies, conventional fuel cell metal bipolar plates cannot ensure uniform gas distribution before entering the active gas region, resulting in significant pressure drop losses and causing dead zones at the edges, thus reducing fuel cell performance. This embodiment provides the following solution:

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a fuel cell metal bipolar plate, including a gas inlet 1, a gas distribution zone 2, and a gas active zone 3. The two ends of the gas distribution zone 2 are connected to the gas inlet 1 and the gas active zone 3, respectively. The gas inlet 1 is connected to the gas distribution zone 2 through multiple linearly and uniformly arranged slots 4. The gas distribution zone 2 includes multiple spaced gas flow channel distribution strips 21, each corresponding to the inlet of the gas active zone 3. Every N gas flow channel distribution strips 21 form a gas fractal flow channel. The last gas flow channel distribution strip 21 in each group of gas fractal flow channels is connected to an inclined gas flow channel distribution head 22, which corresponds to the slots 4 and is arranged in a stepped interval.

[0025] It should be noted that the gas can be evenly introduced into the gas distribution area 2 from the gas cavity 1 through the slot 4, and then evenly distributed into the gas fractal flow channel again through the space between the gas flow channel distribution heads 22. In the gas fractal flow channel, the gas is further evenly introduced into the gas active area 3 through the space between the gas flow channel distribution strips 21, thereby achieving uniform gas lifting and significantly reducing flow resistance, solving the problems of large pressure drop loss in the flow field and uneven utilization of reaction gas causing distribution dead zones at the edges.

[0026] In some embodiments, the gas flow distribution head 22 has a rounded rectangular structure, and the spacing between the gas flow distribution heads 22 is 1.5-2 mm, thereby allowing the gas to flow better.

[0027] In some embodiments, the gas fractal flow channel consists of four gas flow channel distribution strips 21, which adopt a one-to-four distribution structure with the gas flow channel distribution head 22. The gas flow channel distribution strips 21 are inclined, and the angle between them and the inlet direction of the active region (1) varies in a certain regular pattern. The gas flow channel distribution head 22 is inclined toward the inclined direction of the gas flow channel distribution strips 21, so that the gas can flow in more evenly.

[0028] In some embodiments, the slot 4 has a waist-shaped structure, which helps the gas to be more evenly introduced from the gas cavity 1 into the gas distribution area 2.

[0029] In some embodiments, the gas inlet 1 has a rounded quadrilateral shape, and the flow channel structure of the gas active region 3 is a serpentine flow channel structure or a straight flow channel structure.

[0030] This embodiment also provides a fuel cell, including the aforementioned fuel cell metal bipolar plate.

[0031] In summary, the embodiments of this utility model provide a metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell and a fuel cell. Through the coordinated design of the stepped gas flow channel distribution head and the gas fractal flow channel in the distribution area, the gas can be evenly distributed before entering the gas active area, thereby achieving uniform gas lifting and significantly reducing flow resistance, so as to avoid the distribution dead zone at the edge caused by uneven gas utilization.

[0032] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, and the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and all such changes or substitutions should be within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] Those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of this invention and form different embodiments.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell, comprising a gas port (1), a gas distribution region (2), and a gas active region (3), wherein the two ends of the gas distribution region (2) are respectively connected to the gas port (1) and the gas active region (3), characterized in that, The gas cavity (1) is connected to the gas distribution area (2) through multiple slots (4) arranged linearly and uniformly; the gas distribution area (2) includes multiple gas flow channel distribution strips (21) arranged at intervals, the gas flow channel distribution strips (21) correspond to the inlet of the gas active area (3), and every N gas flow channel distribution strips (21) form a gas fractal flow channel; the gas flow channel distribution strips (21) at the end of each group of gas fractal flow channels are connected to inclined gas flow channel distribution heads (22), the gas flow channel distribution heads (22) correspond to the slots (4) and are arranged in a stepped interval.

2. The fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas fractal flow channel consists of four gas flow channel distribution strips (21).

3. The fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas flow channel distribution head (22) has a rounded rectangular structure.

4. The fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between the gas flow channel distribution heads (22) is 1.5-2 mm.

5. The fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas flow channel distribution strip (21) is set at an angle.

6. The fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas flow channel distribution head (22) is tilted toward the tilting direction of the gas flow channel distribution strip (21).

7. The fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slot (4) has a waist-shaped structure.

8. The fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas cavity (1) has a rounded quadrilateral shape.

9. The fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow channel structure of the gas active zone (3) is a serpentine flow channel structure or a straight flow channel structure.

10. A fuel cell, characterized in that, Including the metal bipolar plate for fuel cells as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images