A rigid linkage based river sediment silt sampler

Abstract

A river sediment sand sampler based on a rigid linkage includes a sampling box. A front fish head and a rear fish head are welded to the front and rear of the sampling box, respectively. A fixed sleeve is welded to the top of the sampling box, and a limiting rod that slides within the fixed sleeve is provided. Symmetrical lifting lugs are provided on the fixed sleeve, and a pull lug is provided at the top of the limiting rod. The bottom of the sampling box has an opening, and the bottom of the sampling box is hinged to a bucket via a connecting shaft. One end of the connecting shaft is welded to a traction chain, and the other end of the traction chain is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting rod. The sampling box contains a triggering structure that engages with one side of the bucket and a limiting plate that engages with the other side of the bucket. This structure ensures a precise and stable triggering mechanism, preventing incomplete bucket closure or delayed closure during lifting, thus improving sampling accuracy; reducing wear rate, extending overall lifespan, and lowering operating costs; and making the triggering structure simpler and more robust, resulting in smooth and stable bucket operation, reducing the probability of failure, and facilitating maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of hydrological sediment sampling equipment, and in particular to a river sediment sand sampler based on a rigid connecting rod. Background Technology

[0002] River sediments are the surface material that makes up the riverbed, including suspended sediment, bedload, and relatively stationary sediment. These three components can transform into each other depending on the flow conditions. Sampling and analyzing river sediments can provide fundamental data for studying riverbed particle size distribution, analyzing erosion and deposition changes, and estimating bedload transport rates, which is of great significance for the study of river evolution.

[0003] Currently used bucket-type bed sand samplers have the following significant drawbacks in practical applications.

[0004] The elasticity of the pull rope leads to insufficient sampling accuracy: Traditional samplers use steel wire ropes as lifting and triggering pull ropes. The elasticity of the ropes can cause inaccurate triggering strokes, and the bucket may not close tightly when releasing the sample, making it easy for fine particles of sediment to leak out. The closing action is sluggish when lifting, which may eventually lead to a sampling error of 3%-8% (far exceeding the allowable error standard of 5% for riverbed sand sampling).

[0005] The rope is easily damaged and requires frequent maintenance: the steel wire rope is prone to friction and breakage when it comes into contact with the riverbed (especially in gravel and pebble areas). Its average service life in pebble riverbeds is only 15 samplings, and the maintenance cost accounts for more than 30% of the total budget.

[0006] Poor reliability of internal locking mechanism: The structure that relies on internal linkage locking (pawl, pin, etc.) to control the opening and closing of the bucket is prone to jamming and wear due to mud and sand intrusion, corrosion or impact fatigue, which will cause the bucket to fail to open and close normally.

[0007] The equipment is bulky and complex to maintain: Traditional structures are bulky due to redundant components, and require disassembly and repair after failure, resulting in a high rate of repeated failures and seriously affecting sampling efficiency.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sand sampler that eliminates the need for steel wire ropes and complex internal clips, and offers high reliability and strong sample sealing. Summary of the Invention The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a river sediment sand sampler based on a rigid connecting rod, which has a precise and stable triggering structure, avoids incomplete bucket closure or delayed closure when lifting, and improves sampling accuracy; reduces wear rate, extends overall lifespan, and reduces operating costs; the triggering structure is simpler and more reliable, the bucket operation is smooth and stable, reduces the probability of failure, and is easy to maintain; it is adaptable to different riverbed environments, optimizes the underwater posture, and reduces the impact of water flow disturbance.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a river sediment sand sampler based on a rigid connecting rod, including a sampling box, a front fish head and a rear fish head welded to the front and rear of the sampling box respectively, a fixed sleeve welded to the top of the sampling box, a limiting rod that slides with the fixed sleeve, a lifting lug structure symmetrically provided on the fixed sleeve, a pulling lug structure at the top of the limiting rod, an opening at the bottom of the sampling box, the bottom of the sampling box being hinged to the bucket through a connecting shaft, one end of the connecting shaft being welded to a traction chain, the other end of the traction chain being fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting rod, and a trigger structure that cooperates with one side of the bucket and a limiting plate that cooperates with the other side of the bucket inside the sampling box.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the triggering structure includes a trigger plate disposed inside the sampling box. The trigger plate is connected to the sampling box via a mounting shaft. A torsion spring for resetting the trigger plate is sleeved on the mounting shaft. The trigger plate is provided with an operating head, a trigger head, and a hook head. The operating head passes through an operating groove disposed on the top of the sampling box and extends to its outside. The trigger head passes through the trigger groove and extends into a trigger cavity disposed inside the rear fish head, and cooperates with a trigger rod disposed in the trigger cavity. The hook head engages one side of the bucket and works together with a limiting plate to position the bucket.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the rear of the fish is provided with a flat tail fin and a vertical tail fin.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the front and rear fish heads are detachably fitted with counterweight structures.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the limiting plate is provided with a gap groove that cooperates with the traction chain. In a preferred embodiment, the sampling box is equipped with guide wheels that cooperate with the traction chain.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the edge of the bucket opening is machined into an arc shape to fit the riverbed surface.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the top of the sampling box is provided with multiple reinforcing plates that cooperate with the fixing sleeve.

[0016] The river sediment sand sampler based on a rigid connecting rod provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects by adopting the above structure: (1) The triggering structure is accurate and stable, avoiding incomplete bucket closure or delayed closure when lifting, thus improving sampling accuracy; (2) Reduce wear rate, extend overall lifespan, and reduce operating costs; (3) The triggering structure is simpler and more reliable, the bucket operation is smooth and stable, the probability of failure is reduced, and maintenance is convenient; (4) Adapt to different riverbed environments, optimize the posture in water, and reduce the impact of water flow disturbance. Attached Figure Description The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a front view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a front sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a front sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Sampling box; 2. Front fish head; 3. Rear fish head; 4. Horizontal tail fin; 5. Vertical tail fin; 6. Fixing sleeve; 7. Reinforcing plate; 8. Lifting lug structure; 9. Limiting rod; 10. Pulling lug structure; 11. Connecting shaft; 12. Bucket; 13. Traction chain; 14. Guide wheel; 15. Limiting plate; 16. Trigger groove; 17. Operating groove; 18. Trigger cavity; 19. Mounting shaft; 20. Trigger plate; 21. Operating head; 22. Trigger head; 23. Hook head; 24. Trigger rod. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Example 1: like Figure 1-5A river sediment sand sampler based on a rigid linkage includes a sampling box 1 for containing collected samples. A front fish head 2 and a rear fish head 3 are welded to the front and rear of the sampling box 1, respectively. The front fish head 2 and rear fish head 3 optimize the overall posture of the sampler in the water flow, reduce the interference of the water flow on the sampling process, and ensure that the sampler is stably oriented towards the sampling area. A fixed sleeve 6 is welded to the top of the sampling box 1 to limit the movement trajectory of a limiting rod. A limiting rod 9 is slidably fitted inside the fixed sleeve 6. The sliding fit design ensures the stability of the lifting and lowering movement of the limiting rod 9, preventing shaking from affecting the subsequent opening and closing accuracy of the bucket. A lifting lug structure 8 is symmetrically provided on the fixed sleeve 6, facilitating connection with external lifting equipment to realize the lifting and moving of the sampler. The top of the limiting rod 9 has a lug structure. 10. The pull lug structure 10 allows for easy manual or auxiliary equipment to pull the limiting rod 9, thereby controlling the transmission of the subsequent traction chain; the bottom of the sampling box 1 is provided with an opening for the bucket to pick up material. The bottom of the sampling box 1 is hinged to the bucket 12 via the connecting shaft 11. The hinged connection allows the bucket 12 to open and close flexibly, ensuring that it can smoothly receive the bottom sample during sampling and can be tightly closed after sampling; the connecting shaft 11 is welded to one end of the traction chain 13, and the other end of the traction chain 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting rod 8. The lifting and lowering of the limiting rod 9 can drive the traction chain 13 to drive, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the bucket 12; the sampling box 1 is provided with a trigger structure that cooperates with one side of the bucket 12 and a limiting plate 15 that cooperates with the other side of the bucket 12. The two work together to achieve stable positioning of the bucket 12 before sampling and reliable closure after sampling. like Figure 4-5In a preferred embodiment, the triggering structure includes a trigger plate 20 disposed within the sampling box 1. The trigger plate 20 is connected to the sampling box 1 via a mounting shaft 19. The mounting shaft 19 is optimized in its position to ensure smooth rotation of the trigger plate 20 and prevent jamming due to installation deviation. A torsion spring for resetting the trigger plate 20 is fitted on the mounting shaft 19. The torsion spring automatically drives the trigger plate 20 back to its initial position after sampling, preparing it for the next sampling. The trigger plate 20 is provided with an operating head 21, a trigger head 22, and a hook head 23. The operating head 21 passes through the operating groove 17 located at the top of the sampling box 1 and extends to its exterior. The operating head 21 allows staff to manually adjust the state of the trigger plate 20 before sampling or during equipment debugging. The trigger head 22 passes through the touch... The trigger groove 16 extends into the trigger cavity 18 located within the rear fish head 3. The trigger groove 16 provides ample space for the movement of the trigger head 22, preventing friction between the trigger head 22 and the inner wall of the sampling box 1 during movement. The trigger cavity 18 provides protection for the trigger head 22 and the trigger rod 24, reducing the impact of sediment intrusion on their cooperation. The trigger head 22 cooperates with the trigger rod 24 located within the trigger cavity 18. When the sampler contacts the riverbed, the trigger rod 24 is pushed by external force, causing the trigger plate 20 to rotate around the mounting shaft 19. The hook head 23 engages with one side of the bucket 12 and works together with the limiting plate 15 to position the bucket 12, ensuring that the bucket 12 remains stably open before sampling, preventing premature closure due to water flow impact, and ensuring sufficient sampling volume. like Figure 1-3 In the preferred embodiment, the rear fish head 3 is provided with a horizontal tail fin 4 and a vertical tail fin 5. The horizontal tail fin 4 can balance the vertical force on the sampler in the water flow, prevent the sampler from tilting vertically due to the impact of the water flow, and ensure that the bucket 12 can make stable contact with the riverbed. The vertical tail fin 5 can enhance the sampler's anti-overturning ability, prevent the sampler from shifting laterally under the action of the water flow, ensure that the bucket 12 is accurately aligned with the preset sampling area, and improve the accuracy of the sampling position.

[0023] like Figure 1-5 In the preferred embodiment, the front fish head 2 and the rear fish head 3 are detachably equipped with a counterweight structure. The detachable design of the counterweight structure allows for flexible adjustment of the counterweight weight according to the water flow speed, water depth, and bottom sediment type of different rivers, enabling the sampler to sink stably to the riverbed and avoid being swept away by the water flow. At the same time, placing the counterweight structure in the front fish head 2 and the rear fish head 3 can reasonably distribute the overall weight of the sampler, avoiding local overweight that could cause the sampler to become unbalanced, and can also protect the counterweight structure, reducing the impact of water flow and sediment abrasion. like Figure 5In a preferred embodiment, the limiting plate 15 is provided with a gap slot that cooperates with the traction chain 13. The size of the gap slot is adapted to the traction chain 13, which can provide dedicated space for the movement of the traction chain 13, avoid friction and jamming between the traction chain 13 and the limiting plate 15 during the opening and closing of the bucket 12, and ensure smooth transmission of the traction chain 13. At the same time, the gap slot can limit the offset range of the traction chain 13, avoid deviation of the opening and closing angle of the bucket 12 due to the offset of the traction chain 13, and ensure accurate sampling action. like Figure 4-5 In a preferred embodiment, the sampling box 1 is equipped with a guide wheel 14 that cooperates with the traction chain 13. The guide wheel 14 is reasonably arranged according to the transmission path of the traction chain 13, which can change the force direction of the traction chain 13, reduce the direct friction between the traction chain 13 and the inner wall of the sampling box 1, reduce the wear of the traction chain 13, and extend its service life. At the same time, the guide wheel 14 can make the traction chain 13 always move along the preset trajectory, ensuring the stability of the transmission of the traction chain 13, thereby making the opening and closing action of the bucket 12 smoother and more precise. like Figure 4-5 In the preferred embodiment, the opening edge of the bucket 12 is machined into an arc shape that conforms to the riverbed surface. The arc-shaped edge can increase the contact area between the bucket 12 and the riverbed surface, reduce the disturbance to the riverbed sediment during sampling, and prevent fine particles of sediment from being lost due to disturbance. The design that conforms to the riverbed surface can ensure that the bucket 12 fits tightly to the riverbed, improve the sealing during the sampling process, and reduce sample leakage. At the same time, the arc-shaped edge makes it easier for the bucket 12 to cut into the sediment smoothly, reduce sampling resistance, and improve sampling efficiency and sample collection volume.

[0024] like Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment, the top of the sampling box 1 is provided with multiple reinforcing plates 7 that cooperate with the fixing sleeve 6, thereby improving the stability of the fixing sleeve 6.

[0025] Example 2: like Figure 1-5 The working principle of this utility model is as follows: the lifting lug structure 8 is connected to the winch by the traction rope, and the pulling lug structure 10 is connected to another winch by the traction rope. When the device is lowered into the water, the two winches release the line at the same time. The traction rope connected to the lifting lug structure 8 is taut and tensioned, while the traction rope connected to the pulling lug structure 10 is not tensioned and the line continues to be released. After the device falls onto the riverbed, the trigger rod 24 moves upward after contacting the riverbed, pushing the trigger head 22. The trigger plate 20 rotates counterclockwise around the mounting shaft 19, and the hook head 23 releases one side of the bucket 12. Under the action of gravity, the released side of the bucket 12 rotates and chisels into the riverbed. Next, the winch connected to the pull lug structure 10 rotates, causing the limit rod 9 to move upward, and at the same time causing the traction chain 13 to move. The welding position of the traction chain 13 and the connecting shaft 11 is such that, in its initial state, part of the traction chain 13 is wrapped around the connecting shaft 11. Through the pulling of the traction chain 13, the bucket 12 continues to rotate until it contacts and limits the bottom of the limit plate 15. At this point, the sampling operation is completed, and the two winches simultaneously reel in the line. The traction rope connected to the pull lug structure 10 is taut under stress, while the traction rope connected to the lifting lug structure 8 is unstressed, and the line continues to be reeled in.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: the triggering structure is precise and stable, avoiding incomplete bucket closure or delayed closure during lifting, thus improving sampling accuracy; it reduces wear rate, extends overall lifespan, and lowers operating costs; the triggering structure is simpler and more reliable, the bucket operation is smooth and stable, reducing the probability of failure and facilitating maintenance; it adapts to different riverbed environments, optimizes the underwater posture, and reduces the impact of water flow disturbance.

Claims

1. A rigid linkage based river sediment sand sampler comprising a sampling box (1) characterised in that: The sampling box (1) is welded with a front fish head (2) and a rear fish head (3) respectively. A fixed sleeve (6) is welded to the top of the sampling box (1). A limiting rod (9) is provided in the fixed sleeve (6) and slides with it. A lifting lug structure (8) is symmetrically provided on the fixed sleeve (6). A pull lug structure (10) is provided on the top of the limiting rod (9). An opening is provided at the bottom of the sampling box (1). The bottom of the sampling box (1) is hinged to the bucket (12) through a connecting shaft (11). The connecting shaft (11) is welded to one end of the traction chain (13). The other end of the traction chain (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting rod (9). A trigger structure that cooperates with one side of the bucket (12) and a limiting plate (15) that cooperates with the other side of the bucket (12) are provided inside the sampling box (1).

2. A rigid linkage based river sediment silt sampler according to claim 1, wherein: The triggering structure includes a trigger plate (20) set in the sampling box (1). The trigger plate (20) is connected to the sampling box (1) via a mounting shaft (19). A torsion spring for resetting the trigger plate (20) is sleeved on the mounting shaft (19). The trigger plate (20) is provided with an operating head (21), a trigger head (22), and a hook head (23). The operating head (21) passes through the operating groove (17) set at the top of the sampling box (1) and extends to its outside. The trigger head (22) passes through the trigger groove (16) and extends into the trigger cavity (18) set in the rear fish head (3), and cooperates with the trigger rod (24) set in the trigger cavity (18). The hook head (23) locks one side of the bucket (12) and works together with the limiting plate (15) to position the bucket (12).

3. A rigid linkage based river sediment silt sampler according to claim 1, wherein: The rear head (3) is provided with a flat tail fin (4) and a vertical tail fin (5).

4. A rigid linkage based river sediment silt sampler according to claim 1, wherein: The front fish head (2) and the rear fish head (3) are detachably equipped with counterweight structures.

5. A rigid linkage based river sediment silt sampler according to claim 1, wherein: The limiting plate (15) is provided with a gap groove that cooperates with the traction chain (13).

6. A river sediment sand sampler based on a rigid linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling box (1) is equipped with a guide wheel (14) that cooperates with the traction chain (13).

7. A river sediment sand sampler based on a rigid linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mouth edge of the bucket (12) is machined into an arc shape to fit the riverbed surface.

8. A river sediment sand sampler based on a rigid linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the sampling box (1) is provided with multiple reinforcing plates (7) that cooperate with the fixed sleeve (6).

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