surgical knife

Abstract

The application relates to the field of medical instruments, and provides a surgical knife, in particular an ophthalmic surgical knife. The surgical knife comprises a knife head, a knife handle, a protective sleeve, and the knife head is arranged at the front end of the knife handle; the protective sleeve is slidably arranged on the knife handle and comprises a protection state and a storage state; when the protective sleeve is slid to the front end position of the knife handle, the protective sleeve is rotated and fixed in a first direction to cover the knife head, so that the protective sleeve is in the protection state; when the protective sleeve is slid to the rear end position of the knife handle, the protective sleeve is rotated and fixed in a second direction to be attached to the knife handle, so that the protective sleeve is in the storage state. The surgical knife provided by the application can effectively solve the problems of the complicated protection device of the surgical knife in the prior art, the difficulty in efficient assembly and the like, and improves the safety and practicality of the surgical knife.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical devices, and more particularly to a surgical scalpel. Background Technology

[0002] In the existing technology, although safe surgical knives have gradually entered the market, they still have significant technical defects in addressing the problem that sharp medical instruments can easily cause punctures and cuts to medical workers and users, which can lead to bloodborne pathogen infections. Structurally, the protective device consists of a handle and a protective mechanism, with numerous components resulting in a complex overall structure. This complexity not only increases manufacturing difficulty but may also reduce the device's stability and reliability, making it prone to malfunctions during frequent use. In terms of cost, the complex design directly increases production costs, leading to a higher market price for safety scalpels and hindering their widespread adoption in the medical field. Furthermore, the complex design also makes the installation and assembly of the protective device inconvenient. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a surgical scalpel to solve the problems of complex protective devices and difficulty in efficient assembly of existing surgical scalpels, thereby improving the safety and practicality of the surgical scalpel.

[0004] A surgical knife according to a first aspect of this application, the surgical knife comprising: Blade tip; The blade holder has the blade head mounted on its front end; A protective cover is slidably mounted on the knife handle, including a protective state and a retracted state; when the protective cover slides to the front end of the knife handle, it rotates along a first direction and is fixed to cover the knife head, so that the protective cover is in the protective state; when the protective cover slides to the rear end of the knife handle, it rotates along a second direction and is fixed to fit against the knife handle, so that the protective cover is in the retracted state.

[0005] According to one embodiment of this application, one of the knife handle and the protective sleeve is provided with two opposing first sliding grooves, and the other is provided with two corresponding first limiting posts. The first limiting posts slide in the first sliding grooves, so that the protective sleeve switches between the protective state and the retracted state.

[0006] According to one embodiment of this application, the tool holder is provided with two opposing first sliding grooves: The tool holder is also provided with a guide groove, which is connected to the first slide groove, and the first limiting post is installed into the first slide groove through the guide groove.

[0007] According to one embodiment of this application, at the connection between the guide groove and the first slide groove, the depth of the guide groove is less than the depth of the first slide groove, so as to form a stepped structure and restrict the first limiting post from entering the guide groove from the first slide groove.

[0008] According to one embodiment of this application, the guide groove extends along the circumferential direction of the tool holder, or the guide groove extends along both the circumferential and axial directions of the tool holder.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this application, the bottom wall of the first slide groove is provided with a first front positioning hole; when the protective sleeve is in the protective state, the first limiting post is engaged in the first front positioning hole by the first slide groove; and / or, the bottom wall of the first slide groove is provided with a first rear positioning hole; when the protective sleeve is in the retracted state, the first limiting post is engaged in the first rear positioning hole by the first slide groove.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this application, a first limiting member is provided in the first groove, and a first mating member is provided on the first limiting post. The first limiting member and the first mating member cooperate to limit the position of the first limiting post in the first groove.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this application, the tool holder is provided with two opposing first sliding grooves: The knife handle is further provided with a second sliding groove, and the protective sleeve is provided with a second limiting post; when the protective sleeve is in the protective state, the second limiting post slides into the second sliding groove to restrict the rotation of the protective sleeve in the protective state; and / or, the knife handle is further provided with a third sliding groove, and the protective sleeve is provided with a second limiting post; when the protective sleeve is in the retracted state, the second limiting post slides into the third sliding groove to restrict the rotation of the protective sleeve in the retracted state.

[0012] According to one embodiment of this application, a second positioning hole is provided in the second slide groove. When the protective sleeve is in the protective state, the second limiting post is engaged in the second positioning hole by the second slide groove to restrict the rotation of the protective sleeve in the protective state; and / or, a third positioning hole is provided in the third slide groove. When the protective sleeve is in the retracted state, the second limiting post is engaged in the third positioning hole by the third slide groove to restrict the rotation of the protective sleeve in the retracted state.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this application, the second slide groove and the third slide groove are straight grooves; or, the second slide groove is an arc groove, and the circle corresponding to the arc is centered on the first front positioning hole and has a radius of the distance between the first front positioning hole and the second positioning hole; the third slide groove is an arc groove, and the circle corresponding to the arc is centered on the first rear positioning hole and has a radius of the distance between the first rear positioning hole and the third positioning hole.

[0014] According to one embodiment of this application, based on the two opposing first sliding grooves provided on the tool holder, two corresponding first limiting posts are provided on the protective sleeve: The inner surface of the protective sleeve is provided with the first limiting post and the second limiting post; or The protective sleeve is provided with a limiting component, which includes a connecting rod and a limiting rod. The connecting rod is installed on the outer surface of the protective sleeve, and a through hole is provided on the protective sleeve. One end of the limiting rod is connected to the connecting rod, and the other end passes through the through hole and extends into the first sliding groove, the second sliding groove, or the third sliding groove. The limiting rod is the first limiting post or the second limiting post.

[0015] According to one embodiment of this application, the first direction and the second direction are two opposite rotational directions.

[0016] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of this application have at least one of the following technical effects: The scalpel in this application protects the blade tip using only a single protective sleeve component, preventing the scalpel from injuring the operator when not in use. The protective sleeve slides directly onto the handle, eliminating the need for complex connection structures. The sleeve adjusts its position on the handle by sliding, and rotates and locks in place once a preset position is reached, activating either the protective or retracted state. The protective sleeve can flexibly switch between these states as needed. When the scalpel is in use, the sleeve is switched to the retracted state to prevent it from interfering with the normal use of the blade tip; when the scalpel is not in use, the sleeve is switched to the protective state to prevent the blade tip from being exposed and potentially injuring the operator.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or related technologies of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scalpel provided in this application. Figure 1 (The protective cover is in a protective state; front view; the blade is not shown).

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scalpel provided in this application. Figure 2 (The protective cover is in a protective state; top view; the blade is not shown).

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scalpel provided in this application. Figure 3 (The protective sleeve is in the process of sliding; front view; the cutter head is not shown).

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scalpel provided in this application. Figure 4 (The protective sleeve is in the process of sliding; top view; the cutter head is not shown).

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scalpel provided in this application. Figure 5 (Protective cover is retracted; front view; blade not shown).

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scalpel provided in this application. Figure 6 (The protective cover is in a protective state; front view; the cutter head is shown).

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scalpel provided in this application. Figure 7 (The protective cover is in a protective state; top view; the cutter head is shown).

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scalpel provided in this application. Figure 8 (The protective sleeve is in a protective state; side view; the blade is shown).

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scalpel provided in this application. Figure 9 (The protective cover is in a protective state; front view; the cutter head is shown; a button-type limit structure is used).

[0028] Figure label: 1. Cutting head; 2. Cutting handle; 21. First slide groove; 211. First front positioning hole; 212. First rear positioning hole; 22. Second slide groove; 221. Second positioning hole; 23. Third slide groove; 231. Third positioning hole; 24. Guide groove; 3. Protective sleeve; 31. First limiting post; 32. Second limiting post; 33. Limiting assembly; 331. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this application, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0033] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0034] A surgical knife according to a first aspect of this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the scalpel includes: a blade head 1; a handle 2 with the blade head 1 mounted at the front end; and a protective sleeve 3, slidably mounted on the handle 2, including a protected state and a retracted state. When the protective sleeve 3 slides to the front end position of the handle 2, it rotates in a first direction and is fixed to cover the blade head 1, thus placing the protective sleeve 3 in the protected state. When the protective sleeve 3 slides to the rear end position of the handle 2, it rotates in a second direction and is fixed to fit against the handle 2, thus placing the protective sleeve 3 in the retracted state. The above-described scalpel can be used as a scalpel in ophthalmic surgery.

[0035] It should be noted that the scalpel provided in this application embodiment has a blade head 1 structure that is not limited to the form shown in the example. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, any existing type of cutting head can be used; similarly, the form of the cutting shank 2 can also be adjusted according to actual needs, such as a cutting shank with a cylindrical cross-section, or a cutting shank with an elliptical, triangular, or polygonal cross-section.

[0036] The surgical knife provided in this embodiment achieves the protection function of the blade head 1 through a single protective sleeve 3 component, eliminating the complex connecting parts in traditional protective devices and forming a more compact overall structure. This not only reduces the number of parts but also helps to reduce the risk of failure due to improper coordination of multiple parts, thus improving the overall reliability of the device. The protective sleeve 3 may have at least two sides to limit contact between the operator and the blade head 1; such as Figure 8 As shown, the protective sleeve 3 has three sides and a U-shaped cross-section.

[0037] The protective cover 3 slides directly onto the handle 2, and its position can be adjusted simply by sliding. A combination of sliding and rotating action switches between states, requiring no complex procedures. Operators can quickly switch the protective cover 3 between the protective and retracted states. When the scalpel is needed, the protective cover 3 is switched to the retracted state, fitting snugly against the handle 2 without obstructing the normal use of the blade head 1. When the scalpel is not in use, it is switched to the protective state, covering the blade head 1 to prevent it from being exposed and effectively preventing cuts to the operator. This improves operational efficiency while ensuring safety.

[0038] The simplified structural design reduces the number of parts processing and assembly steps in the manufacturing process, which helps to reduce production costs and also facilitates later maintenance and repair. The two states of the protective sleeve 3 are fixed through clearly defined sliding and rotating movements, resulting in high stability and maintaining good protective performance and operational reliability during long-term use, meeting the requirements for device safety and durability in medical settings.

[0039] In some cases, anti-slip textures can be provided on the surface of the protective sleeve 3 to enhance the operator's grip when rotating the protective sleeve 3 and prevent slippage.

[0040] According to one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, one of the tool holder 2 and the protective sleeve 3 is provided with two opposing first sliding grooves 21, and the other is provided with two corresponding first limiting posts 31. The first limiting posts 31 slide in the first sliding grooves 21, allowing the protective sleeve 3 to switch between a protective state and a retracted state. The attached drawings illustrate the case where the tool holder 2 has two first sliding grooves 21 and the protective sleeve 3 has two first limiting posts 31.

[0041] The two opposing first sliding grooves 21 and the two first limiting posts 31 form a symmetrical sliding fit relationship, which can evenly distribute the force generated during the sliding of the protective sleeve 3, avoid tilting or jamming caused by unilateral force, and keep the protective sleeve 3 in a relatively parallel state with the tool holder 2 throughout the entire sliding stroke, thus improving the overall stability of the structure.

[0042] The first slide groove 21 provides a clear movement trajectory for the first limiting post 31. The two opposing slide grooves constrain the sliding direction of the limiting post from both sides, which can effectively limit the lateral displacement of the protective sleeve 3 during the sliding process, ensuring that it can accurately slide to the preset front end position or rear end position, laying a precise positional foundation for the subsequent rotation and fixing action, and ensuring the reliability of the switching between the protective state and the retracted state.

[0043] The combination of the slide groove and the limiting post simplifies the connection structure between the protective sleeve 3 and the tool holder 2, reduces unnecessary mating parts, and results in less resistance during sliding and smoother operation. When switching the state of the protective sleeve 3, the operator can obtain clear operational feedback through the smooth sliding of the limiting post along the slide groove, making it easier to control the sliding speed and position and improving ease of use.

[0044] The structure of the slide and the limiting post places moderate demands on the machining precision of the parts, and the wear between the slide and the limiting post is minimal, which can extend the service life of the device. At the same time, the fewer parts reduce the complexity of production and assembly, help control manufacturing costs, and are suitable for large-scale production applications.

[0045] According to one embodiment of this application, the tool holder 2 is provided with two opposing first sliding grooves 21; as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tool holder 2 is also provided with a guide groove 24, which communicates with the first slide groove 21. The first limiting post 31 is installed into the first slide groove 21 via the guide groove 24. The guide groove 24 can be connected to the end of the first slide groove 21, located on the extension line of the first slide groove 21, or have an angle of less than 180° with the first slide groove 21; the guide groove 24 can also be connected to a non-end position of the first slide groove 21, with an angle of less than or equal to 90° with the first slide groove 21.

[0046] The first groove 21 is provided on the outer surface of the tool holder 2 and extends along the length of the tool holder 2; the first groove 21 can be a straight groove or a curved groove. In some cases, the first groove 21 can also be a spiral groove.

[0047] The guide groove 24 provides a clear installation path for the first limiting post 31, allowing assemblers to directly slide the first limiting post 31 into the first slide groove 21 along the guide groove 24. This avoids the tedious process of precisely aligning the slide groove entrance in traditional assembly methods, significantly improving the assembly speed of the protective sleeve 3 and the tool holder 2, and reducing assembly difficulty, making it particularly suitable for large-scale production scenarios. Furthermore, when the guide groove 24 is connected to a non-end position of the first slide groove 21, the first limiting post 31 is less likely to come into contact with the guide groove 24 during normal sliding in the first slide groove 21, reducing the possibility of the first limiting post 31 accidentally sliding from the first slide groove 21 into the guide groove 24.

[0048] The presence of the guide groove 24 prevents the first limiting post 31 from accidentally falling off or becoming misaligned during installation, reduces the difficulty of installing the protective sleeve 3, and lowers the risk of scratches to operators during assembly.

[0049] The integrated design of the guide groove 24 and the first slide groove 21 simplifies the machining process of the tool holder 2, eliminating the need for additional complex connecting parts and reducing mold manufacturing costs and raw material consumption. Improved assembly efficiency reduces labor costs, making the product more price-competitive in the market.

[0050] In some cases, a flared structure can be set at the entrance of the guide groove 24 to further expand the introduction range of the first limiting post 31 and reduce the assembly accuracy requirements; a lubricating coating can also be set on the inner wall of the guide groove 24 to reduce the friction when the limiting post slides in and improve the assembly smoothness.

[0051] According to one embodiment of this application, at the connection between the guide groove 24 and the first slide groove 21, the depth of the guide groove 24 is less than the depth of the first slide groove 21, forming a stepped structure and restricting the first limiting post 31 from entering the guide groove 24 from the first slide groove 21. The end of the guide groove 24 away from the first slide groove 21 has a depth less than the end of the guide groove 24 connected to the first slide groove 21. The protective sleeve 3 can be a component with a certain degree of elasticity, such as plastic or a thin metal sheet. Relying on the elasticity of the protective sleeve 3 itself, the first limiting post 31 is restricted within the first slide groove 21. When the protective sleeve 3 is made of plastic, it can be injection molded. Using only the protective sleeve 3 as a single component can reduce injection mold costs, processing costs, and labor costs, thereby reducing the cost of parts processing.

[0052] Furthermore, the scalpel provided in this application embodiment requires less time to assemble the protective sleeve 3 and has good product stability; the protective sleeve 3 occupies no more than 20% of the total length of the handle 2.

[0053] The stepped structure forms a clear physical barrier to the first limiting post 31. When the first limiting post 31 slides in the first slide groove 21, the stepped structure can effectively restrict the first limiting post 31 from moving towards the guide groove 24, avoiding the limiting post from sliding from the first slide groove 21 into the guide groove 24 due to accidental collisions, vibrations or accidental touches during operation. This prevents the protective sleeve 3 from separating from the knife handle 2, ensuring that the protective sleeve 3 is always stably installed on the knife handle 2, and providing a basic guarantee for the safe use of the scalpel.

[0054] The core function of the guide groove 24 is to provide a channel for the initial installation of the first limiting post 31, while the stepped structure clearly separates the assembly path from the working path through the difference in groove depth. During assembly, the first limiting post 31 can naturally slide into the first sliding groove 21 along the guide groove 24; during use, the step prevents the first limiting post 31 from entering the guide groove 24 in the opposite direction, so that the guide groove 24 only plays a role in the assembly stage and does not interfere with the normal sliding of the protective sleeve 3 in the working state. This simplifies the assembly process and ensures the independence and stability of the structure during use.

[0055] The stepped structure, along with the first slide groove 21 and guide groove 24, forms an integrated design, achieving the limiting function without the need for additional locking components. This avoids the structural bulkiness or cumbersome operation caused by adding complex locking mechanisms. This design makes the overall structure of the tool holder 2 more compact, and the functions of each part more smoothly connected. While reducing the number of parts, it also reduces the fitting error between different parts, improving the overall precision of the device. The height difference at the stepped structure can be 0.1–0.2 mm; of course, the actual value can be adjusted according to the material properties and dimensions of the tool holder 2 and the protective sleeve 3.

[0056] According to one embodiment of this application, the guide groove 24 extends along the circumferential direction of the tool holder 2, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown; or, the guide groove 24 extends along the circumferential and axial directions of the tool holder 2, and the first slide groove 21 extends along the length direction (axial direction) of the tool holder 2 (not shown in the figure).

[0057] By designing the guide groove 24 and the first slide groove 21 with different extension directions, the structural reliability is significantly improved while ensuring ease of assembly.

[0058] When the guide groove 24 extends along the circumferential direction of the tool holder 2, the guide groove 24 and the first slide groove 21 form an intersecting spatial angle relationship. This directional difference naturally constrains the sliding path of the first limiting post 31: when the first limiting post 31 slides axially in the first slide groove 21, since the direction of movement is perpendicular (or has an angle) to the circumferential extension direction of the guide groove 24, the first limiting post 31 needs to have a composite movement of both axial and circumferential directions to enter the guide groove 24. However, during normal operation, the sliding of the protective sleeve 3 is only along the axial direction. Therefore, the possibility of the first limiting post 31 accidentally sliding into the guide groove 24 can be reduced from the movement trajectory, and the structural loosening of the protective sleeve 3 caused by the offset of the first limiting post 31 during use can be avoided.

[0059] When the guide groove 24 extends along the circumferential and axial directions of the scalpel handle 2, the composite path of the guide groove 24 further enhances the anti-dislodgement effect: after the first limiting post 31 slides into the guide groove 24 from the first sliding groove 21, it needs to follow a composite trajectory of circumferential and axial directions to dislodge, which increases the complexity of the movement required for dislodgement compared to the single-direction guide groove 24. In high-frequency use scenarios such as medical operations, even if subjected to external impact or vibration, the first limiting post 31 is unlikely to simultaneously meet the movement conditions in both directions, thereby reducing the risk of accidental dislodgement of the protective sleeve 3 and providing double protection for the safe use of the scalpel.

[0060] Neither of the two guide groove designs requires additional locking components. The anti-disengagement function is achieved by setting the extension direction of the guide groove 24 to be different from that of the first slide groove 21, making the structure of the tool holder 2 and the protective sleeve 3 more reliable. This retains the guiding function of the guide groove 24 during assembly while avoiding interference with structural stability during use due to the directional difference, achieving a balance between ease of assembly and reliability. Furthermore, the versatility of the directional design adapts to different usage scenarios. The circumferential and axial intersecting guide groove 24 is suitable for scenarios requiring high operational smoothness, while the composite directional guide groove 24 is suitable for environments with more stringent anti-disengagement requirements, improving the structure's adaptability to various scenarios.

[0061] According to one embodiment of this application, the bottom wall of the first slide groove 21 is provided with a first front positioning hole 211, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the protective sleeve 3 is in the protective state, the first limiting post 31 is engaged in the first front positioning hole 211 by the first sliding groove 21, thereby restricting the first limiting post 31 from continuing to slide within the first sliding groove 21; the bottom wall of the first sliding groove 21 is provided with a first rear positioning hole 212, such as Figure 5 As shown, when the protective sleeve 3 is in the retracted state, the first limiting post 31 is engaged in the first rear positioning hole 212 by the first sliding groove 21, thereby restricting the first limiting post 31 from continuing to slide within the first sliding groove 21. The tool holder 2 can be provided with both the first front positioning hole 211 and the first rear positioning hole 212, or only one of them can be provided as needed. The following explanation uses the example of "the tool holder 2 being provided with both the first front positioning hole 211 and the first rear positioning hole 212" as an example.

[0062] The first front positioning hole 211 and the first rear positioning hole 212 provide precise positional references for the two key states of the protective sleeve 3. When the first limiting post 31 slides along the first slide groove 21 to the corresponding position, the action of engaging the first front positioning hole 211 or the first rear positioning hole 212 can strictly limit the protective sleeve 3 to the preset protective position or the retracted position, avoiding the positional deviation of the protective sleeve 3 caused by sliding error, ensuring that the cutter head 1 is completely covered in the protective state, and that the protective sleeve 3 is tightly fitted with the cutter handle 2 in the retracted state, eliminating the problem of protective failure or operational interference caused by inaccurate positioning.

[0063] The engaging structure of the first front positioning hole 211, the first rear positioning hole 212, and the first limiting post 31 forms a reliable mechanical lock, which can resist the force generated by external vibration, collision, or accidental contact. The protective sleeve 3 will not slip unexpectedly due to external force in either state. Especially when the scalpel is idle or during transportation, it can effectively prevent the protective sleeve 3 from accidentally falling out of the protective state and exposing the scalpel head 1, or from shifting from the retracted state and affecting its use, which significantly improves the structural stability of the device in different scenarios.

[0064] When the first limiting post 31 engages with the first front positioning hole 211 or the first rear positioning hole 212, it will produce clear tactile feedback and a slight sound. The operator can intuitively judge whether the protective sleeve 3 is accurately in place by touch and hearing, without the need for additional visual confirmation. This is especially important in scenarios requiring high concentration, such as medical operations, as it can reduce operation steps and improve work efficiency. At the same time, the resistance change brought about by the engaging structure makes the state switching process have a clear sense of stages, which makes it easy for the operator to accurately control the sliding range and avoid structural damage caused by excessive sliding.

[0065] The first front positioning hole 211, the first rear positioning hole 212, the first sliding groove 21, and the first limiting post 31 form an organic whole, which can achieve fixed state without the need for additional locking components. This simplifies the overall structure, reduces the number of parts, ensures the integrity of the function, avoids the risk of failure caused by complex structure, and helps to reduce production and manufacturing costs.

[0066] In some cases, annular protrusions can be provided on the inner walls of the first front positioning hole 211 and the first rear positioning hole 212 to enhance the tightness of engagement with the first limiting post 31 and improve the locking effect; buffer pads can also be added to the bottom of the first front positioning hole 211 and the first rear positioning hole 212 to appropriately reduce the impact force and noise when the first limiting post 31 is engaged.

[0067] According to one embodiment of this application, a first limiting member is provided in the first slide groove 21, and a first mating member (not shown in the figure) is provided on the first limiting post 31. The first limiting member and the first mating member cooperate to limit the position of the first limiting post 31 in the first slide groove 21.

[0068] In some cases, other structural forms can be used to replace the aforementioned first front positioning hole 211 and first rear positioning hole 212, or to work in conjunction with the aforementioned first front positioning hole 211 and first rear positioning hole 212. For example, an elastic protrusion and positioning groove (or positioning protrusion) can be used, with an elastic protrusion on the first limiting post 31 as the first mating part, and a positioning groove or positioning protrusion at the corresponding position of the first slide groove 21 as the first limiting part. Positioning is achieved by the protrusion engaging with the groove (or the elastic protrusion and positioning protrusion mating). Alternatively, a magnetic positioning method can be used, with a magnet embedded at the corresponding position of the first slide groove 21 (or in the first front positioning hole 211 and first rear positioning hole 212) as the first limiting part. The first limiting post 31 is made of iron-containing material, and a local position serves as the first mating part. The state is fixed by magnetic attraction, reducing mechanical wear and extending service life.

[0069] According to one embodiment of this application, the tool holder 2 is provided with two opposing first sliding grooves 21; the tool holder 2 is also provided with a second sliding groove 22, and the protective sleeve 3 is provided with a second limiting post 32; when the protective sleeve 3 is in the protective state, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second limiting post 32 slides into the second sliding groove 22 to restrict the rotation of the protective sleeve 3 in the protective state; the tool holder 2 is also provided with a third sliding groove 23, and the protective sleeve 3 is provided with a second limiting post 32; when the protective sleeve 3 is in the retracted state, as... Figure 5 As shown, the second limiting post 32 slides into the third slide groove 23 to restrict the rotation of the protective sleeve 3 when it is in the retracted state. The tool holder 2 can be provided with both the second slide groove 22 and the third slide groove 23 at the same time, or only one of them can be provided as needed. The following explanation uses "the tool holder 2 is provided with both the second slide groove 22 and the third slide groove 23 at the same time" as an example.

[0070] The second sliding groove 22 and the third sliding groove 23 provided on the handle 2 cooperate with the second limiting post 32 on the protective sleeve 3 to form targeted rotation restrictions when the protective sleeve 3 is in different states, which significantly improves the structural stability and safety of the device.

[0071] When the protective sleeve 3 is in the protective state, the second limiting post 32 slides into the second slide groove 22. The end wall of the second slide groove 22 circumferentially constrains the second limiting post 32, restricting the protective sleeve 3 from continuing to rotate around the handle 2, and at the same time restricting the sliding of the first limiting post 31 in the first slide groove 21, so that the position of the protective sleeve 3 is relatively fixed, ensuring that the protective sleeve 3 stably covers the blade head 1, avoiding accidental rotation of the protective sleeve 3 due to external force collision or accidental contact, and preventing the blade head 1 from being exposed and causing the risk of scratches. Especially when the scalpel is idle or during transportation, this restriction can continuously maintain the reliability of the protective function.

[0072] When the protective sleeve 3 is in the retracted state, the second limiting post 32 slides into the third slide groove 23. The end wall of the third slide groove 23 circumferentially constrains the second limiting post 32, restricting the protective sleeve 3 from continuing to rotate around the handle 2, and at the same time restricting the sliding of the first limiting post 31 in the first slide groove 21, so that the position of the protective sleeve 3 is relatively fixed, and the protective sleeve 3 fits tightly against the handle 2, avoiding interference with the operation due to the shaking of the protective sleeve 3 during the use of the scalpel, ensuring the precise control of the scalpel head 1 by medical staff, and reducing the operational risks during surgery or treatment.

[0073] By separating the rotation restriction functions of the protected state and the retracted state into independent second slides 22 and third slides 23, the constraint objectives in different states are made clearer, avoiding functional conflicts caused by a single structure undertaking multiple restriction tasks simultaneously. The fitting accuracy between the second limit post 32 and the corresponding second slide 22 and third slide 23 can be designed independently according to the requirements of each state.

[0074] According to one embodiment of this application, a second positioning hole 221 is provided in the second groove 22. When the protective sleeve 3 is in the protective state, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the second limiting post 32 is engaged in the second positioning hole 221 by the second sliding groove 22 to restrict the rotation of the protective sleeve 3 in the protective state; the third sliding groove 23 is provided with a third positioning hole 231, and when the protective sleeve 3 is in the retracted state, as... Figure 5 As shown, the second limiting post 32 is engaged in the third positioning hole 231 by the third sliding groove 23 to restrict the rotation of the protective sleeve 3 when it is in the retracted state. The second positioning hole 221 and the third positioning hole 231 can be set at the same time, or only one of them can be set as needed. The following explanation takes "the second positioning hole 221 and the third positioning hole 231 are set at the same time" as an example.

[0075] The second positioning hole 221 in the second slide groove 22 and the third positioning hole 231 in the third slide groove 23, through their engagement with the second limiting post 32, form a precise rotation restriction when the protective sleeve 3 is in different states, which significantly improves the stability and reliability of the structure.

[0076] When the protective sleeve 3 is in the protective state, the second limiting post 32 is engaged by the second sliding groove 22 into the second positioning hole 221. The rigid cooperation between the hole and the post fixes the protective sleeve 3, preventing it from rotating unexpectedly when covering the cutter head 1. This ensures that the cutter head 1 is always in a safe state of being covered, avoiding the risk of scratches caused by the cutter head 1 being exposed due to the loosening of the protective sleeve 3.

[0077] When the protective sleeve 3 is in the retracted state, the second limiting post 32 engages with the third positioning hole 231, which can firmly limit the rotation tendency of the protective sleeve 3 after it is attached to the handle 2, prevent it from being accidentally deflected due to external forces such as vibration and collision during the use of the scalpel, and ensure that the normal operation of the scalpel head 1 is not disturbed.

[0078] The locking function is achieved through the physical engagement of the positioning hole and the limiting post, eliminating the need for additional complex locking components. This simplifies the overall structure and reduces the risk of errors caused by the coordination of multiple components. During engagement, the movement of the second limiting post 32 along the groove into the positioning hole provides clear travel feedback. Operators can perceive the engagement status by touch, facilitating quick confirmation that the protective sleeve 3 is in a stable working position, thus improving operational accuracy and efficiency.

[0079] It should be noted that the second positioning hole 221 can be set with reference to the first front positioning hole 211 and the first rear positioning hole 212. For example, an annular protrusion can be provided on the inner wall of the second positioning hole 221 to enhance the tightness of engagement with the second limiting post 32 and improve the locking effect; a buffer pad can be added to the bottom of the second positioning hole 221; other structural forms (such as the aforementioned elastic protrusion, magnetic suction, etc.) can be used to replace the second positioning hole 221 or to work in conjunction with the second positioning hole 221. The third positioning hole 231 is similar and will not be described in detail.

[0080] According to one embodiment of this application, the second slide groove 22 and the third slide groove 23 are straight grooves (not shown in the figure); or, as Figure 1 As shown, the second slide groove 22 is an arc groove, and the circle corresponding to the arc is centered on the first front positioning hole 211 and has a radius of the distance between the first front positioning hole 211 and the second positioning hole 221; the third slide groove 23 is an arc groove, and the circle corresponding to the arc is centered on the first rear positioning hole 212 and has a radius of the distance between the first rear positioning hole 212 and the third positioning hole 231.

[0081] When the second slide groove 22 and the third slide groove 23 are in the form of straight grooves, the machining process can be effectively simplified. The straight groove body is easy to form through conventional cutting or stamping processes, reducing the manufacturing difficulty and production cost of the tool holder 2. The straight grooves (i.e., the second slide groove 22 and the third slide groove 23) provide a clear guide path for the second limiting post 32. When the protective sleeve 3 is switched to the protective state or the retracted state, the second limiting post 32 can slide stably along the straight groove and accurately engage with the second positioning hole 221 or the third positioning hole 231. When the second limiting post 32 slides in the straight second slide groove 22 (or the third slide groove 23), in conjunction with the fine adjustment of the position of the first limiting post 31 in the first slide groove 21, the second limiting post 32 can smoothly enter or slide out in the straight second slide groove 22, avoiding the straight second slide groove 22 from affecting the rotation of the protective sleeve 3.

[0082] When the second slide groove 22 and the third slide groove 23 are arc grooves, and the first front positioning hole 211 and the first rear positioning hole 212 are respectively the center and the corresponding distance is the radius, the curvature of the groove body is perfectly matched with the movement trajectory of the second limiting post 32 when the protective sleeve 3 rotates, forming a guide structure that fits the movement path. This design allows the second limiting post 32 to slide smoothly along the arc groove during the rotation of the protective sleeve 3, avoiding mechanical interference or sudden changes in resistance caused by trajectory mismatch, and improving the smoothness of state switching. At the same time, the fixed center and radius ensure that the second limiting post 32 can accurately align with the second positioning hole 221 or the third positioning hole 231 at the end of the sliding, reducing positioning errors and enhancing the fixed reliability in both states. It is especially suitable for scenarios that require high-frequency state switching, and can reduce component wear and extend the service life of the device through trajectory adaptability.

[0083] In some cases, a gradient chamfer can be provided at the entrance of the straight groove to guide the second limiting post 32 to slide more smoothly into the groove, reducing the difficulty of alignment during assembly. A miniature oil reservoir can also be provided on the wall of the arc-shaped groove to further reduce sliding friction and improve smoothness during long-term use by storing lubricant. Simultaneously, elastic washers can be added around the first front positioning hole 211 and the second positioning hole 221. When the second limiting post 32 is engaged, the elastic compression enhances the fixing force and reduces the risk of loosening.

[0084] According to one embodiment of this application, based on the two opposing first sliding grooves 21 provided on the tool holder 2, two corresponding first limiting posts 31 are provided on the protective sleeve 3: the inner surface of the protective sleeve 3 is provided with the first limiting post 31 and the second limiting post 32, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown; or, the protective sleeve 3 is provided with a limit component 33 in the form of a button structure. The limit component 33 includes a connecting rod 331 and a limit rod. The connecting rod 331 is installed on the outer surface of the protective sleeve 3. The protective sleeve 3 has a through hole. One end of the limit rod is connected to the connecting rod 331, and the other end passes through the through hole and extends into the first slide groove 21, the second slide groove 22, or the third slide groove 23. The limit rod is a first limit post 31 or a second limit post 32, such as... Figure 9 As shown; Figure 9 The middle part shows the case where the limiting rod uses the first limiting post 31. In actual operation, the first limiting post 31 can be set as the aforementioned button structure, or the second limiting post 32 can be set as the aforementioned button structure.

[0085] The inner surface of the protective sleeve 3 is provided with a first limiting post 31 and a second limiting post 32, so that the limiting posts are directly integrated with the protective sleeve 3, reducing additional connecting parts, simplifying the structure, and helping to improve the overall compactness. The first limiting post 31 and the second limiting post 32 can accurately correspond to the first sliding groove 21, the second sliding groove 22, and the third sliding groove 23 on the tool holder 2, ensuring the fit accuracy between the protective sleeve 3 and the tool holder 2 during sliding and rotation, and reducing the risk of positional displacement due to loose parts. At the same time, the setting of the inner surface avoids the interference of exposed limiting posts on operation, keeps the outer surface of the protective sleeve 3 smooth, reduces the obstruction when the operator holds it, and improves the comfort of use.

[0086] In another configuration, the limiting component 33 on the protective sleeve 3 is connected to the outer surface of the protective sleeve 3 via a connecting rod 331. The limiting rod extends through a through hole into the corresponding groove, forming a button-type limiting structure. This type of limiting component 33 provides more reliable limiting, further enhancing the stability of the protective sleeve 3 when it is in a protective or retracted state, preventing accidental slippage of the protective sleeve 3, and requiring fewer additional components to significantly increase structural complexity.

[0087] In some cases, reinforcing ribs can be provided on the inner surface of the protective sleeve 3, which are connected to the first limiting post 31 and the second limiting post 32 to enhance the structural strength of the limiting post and extend its service life.

[0088] According to one embodiment of this application, the first direction and the second direction are two opposite rotational directions.

[0089] by Figure 3 Taking this as an example, the first direction can be counterclockwise, and the second direction can be clockwise.

[0090] Of course, in some cases, the first direction and the second direction can be set to the same direction of rotation.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate this application and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of this application do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application and should be covered within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A surgical scalpel, characterized in that, include: Blade (1); The handle (2) has the blade head (1) installed at the front end; The protective sleeve (3) is slidably mounted on the handle (2) and includes a protective state and a retracted state. When the protective sleeve (3) slides to the front end of the handle (2), it rotates in a first direction and is fixed to cover the blade (1), so that the protective sleeve (3) is in the protective state. When the protective sleeve (3) slides to the rear end of the handle (2), it rotates in a second direction and is fixed to fit against the handle (2), so that the protective sleeve (3) is in the retracted state.

2. The scalpel according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the knife handle (2) and the protective sleeve (3) is provided with two opposing first sliding grooves (21), and the other is provided with two corresponding first limiting posts (31). The first limiting posts (31) slide in the first sliding grooves (21) to switch the protective sleeve (3) between the protective state and the retracted state.

3. The scalpel according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the fact that the tool holder (2) is provided with two opposing first sliding grooves (21): The handle (2) is also provided with a guide groove (24), which is connected to the first slide groove (21). The first limiting post (31) is installed into the first slide groove (21) through the guide groove (24).

4. The scalpel according to claim 3, characterized in that, At the connection between the guide groove (24) and the first slide groove (21), the depth of the guide groove (24) is less than the depth of the first slide groove (21) to form a stepped structure and restrict the first limiting post (31) from entering the guide groove (24) from the first slide groove (21).

5. The scalpel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide groove (24) extends along the circumferential direction of the tool holder (2), or the guide groove (24) extends along both the circumferential and axial directions of the tool holder (2).

6. The scalpel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the first slide groove (21) is provided with a first front positioning hole (211); when the protective sleeve (3) is in the protective state, the first limiting post (31) is inserted into the first front positioning hole (211) by the first slide groove (21); and / or The bottom wall of the first slide groove (21) is provided with a first rear positioning hole (212); when the protective sleeve (3) is in the retracted state, the first limiting post (31) is inserted into the first rear positioning hole (212) by the first slide groove (21).

7. The scalpel according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first limiting member is provided in the first slide groove (21), and a first mating member is provided on the first limiting post (31). The first limiting member and the first mating member cooperate to limit the position of the first limiting post (31) in the first slide groove (21).

8. The scalpel according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the fact that the tool holder (2) is provided with two opposing first sliding grooves (21): The handle (2) is also provided with a second sliding groove (22), and the protective sleeve (3) is provided with a second limiting post (32); when the protective sleeve (3) is in the protective state, the second limiting post (32) slides into the second sliding groove (22) to restrict the rotation of the protective sleeve (3) in the protective state; and / or The handle (2) is also provided with a third slide groove (23), and the protective sleeve (3) is provided with a second limiting post (32); when the protective sleeve (3) is in the retracted state, the second limiting post (32) slides into the third slide groove (23) to restrict the protective sleeve (3) from rotating in the retracted state.

9. The scalpel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second groove (22) is provided with a second positioning hole (221). When the protective sleeve (3) is in the protective state, the second limiting post (32) is engaged in the second positioning hole (221) by the second groove (22) to restrict the rotation of the protective sleeve (3) in the protective state; and / or The third sliding groove (23) is provided with a third positioning hole (231). When the protective sleeve (3) is in the retracted state, the second limiting post (32) is inserted into the third positioning hole (231) by the third sliding groove (23) to restrict the protective sleeve (3) from rotating in the retracted state.

10. The scalpel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second groove (22) and the third groove (23) are straight grooves; or The second groove (22) is an arc groove, and the circle corresponding to the arc is centered on the first front positioning hole (211) and has a radius of distance between the first front positioning hole (211) and the second positioning hole (221); the third groove (23) is an arc groove, and the circle corresponding to the arc is centered on the first rear positioning hole (212) and has a radius of distance between the first rear positioning hole (212) and the third positioning hole (231).

11. The scalpel according to claim 8, characterized in that, Based on the fact that the tool holder (2) is provided with two opposing first sliding grooves (21), the protective sleeve (3) is provided with two corresponding first limiting posts (31): The inner surface of the protective sleeve (3) is provided with the first limiting post (31) and the second limiting post (32); or The protective sleeve (3) is provided with a limiting component (33), the limiting component (33) includes a connecting rod (331) and a limiting rod. The connecting rod (331) is installed on the outer surface of the protective sleeve (3). The protective sleeve (3) has a through hole. One end of the limiting rod is connected to the connecting rod (331), and the other end passes through the through hole and extends into the first slide groove (21), the second slide groove (22) or the third slide groove (23). The limiting rod is the first limiting post (31) or the second limiting post (32).

12. The scalpel according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The first direction and the second direction are two opposite directions of rotation.

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