A crusher for disassembling waste lithium batteries

Abstract

This application relates to the field of lithium battery recycling and discloses a crusher for dismantling waste lithium batteries, including a bottom support. A crushing shell is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bottom support, and a sealed feeding shell is fixedly installed on the top surface of the crushing shell. A feeding port is opened on the front side of the sealed feeding shell. Two crushing rollers are rotatably connected inside the crushing shell through a bearing. The crushing rollers cooperate with an external drive mechanism to achieve efficient crushing of waste lithium batteries. The crushed material is filtered by two filter screens to achieve classified collection of materials of different diameters. The rotation of the rotating shaft and the metal striking plate drives the filter screens to vibrate, which can significantly improve the filtration effect. The conical structure at the bottom of the crushing shell guides smaller particles and liquids to concentrate, which is convenient for recycling. This can effectively solve the problems of easy clogging of crushed materials and screening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of lithium battery recycling technology, specifically a crusher for dismantling waste lithium batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Waste lithium batteries refer to lithium-ion batteries that have been used and can no longer meet their original usage requirements or have reached the end of their service life. They are typically composed of positive and negative electrodes, electrolytes, and separators. The positive and negative electrode materials contain valuable metals such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel, which have a certain recycling value. Dismantling waste lithium batteries is to achieve effective resource recycling and utilization, avoid environmental pollution caused by heavy metals and chemicals, and reduce production costs by recycling valuable metals, thus achieving a balance between economic and environmental benefits. Commonly used waste lithium battery dismantling and crushing equipment includes hammer crushers, which crush batteries through the impact of hammers; and jaw crushers, which crush batteries through the squeezing and bending action of jaw plates. These devices can effectively dismantle and crush waste lithium batteries for subsequent recycling.

[0003] For example, the utility model patent with announcement number CN221772346U discloses a lithium battery dismantling and crushing device, which relates to the field of lithium battery recycling technology. It includes a box, with a feed inlet at the top of the box. Several guide blocks are installed inside the box, and several crushing rods are installed on the lower side of the guide blocks that are close to each other at one end. The coolant and adsorbent of this utility model flow into the first temporary storage tank and the second temporary storage tank through the main pipe. Then, the coolant and adsorbent in the first and second temporary storage tanks are sprayed onto the surface of the raw materials through nozzles to cool the raw materials and adsorb harmful gases during the crushing process. This can ensure that the lithium battery avoids spontaneous combustion or explosion due to excessive temperature, and also prevent harmful gases from being dispersed in the air and causing damage to the external environment and surrounding people.

[0004] However, in actual use, it was discovered that the device separates the fragments from the liquid after the waste lithium battery is dismantled and crushed by setting up inclined plates and through holes.

[0005] However, this device has two main drawbacks. First, small pieces smaller than the through-hole diameter fall directly to the bottom of the tank, which can easily clog the drain pipe and affect the discharge and recycling of coolant and adsorbent. Second, the small pieces piled up on the inclined plate can easily clog the through-hole, hindering the normal flow of liquid. At the same time, due to the lack of an effective screening structure, it is difficult to classify and screen small pieces of different sizes, which is not conducive to further processing and recycling of the small pieces. Therefore, a crusher for dismantling waste lithium batteries is provided. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a crusher for dismantling waste lithium batteries in order to solve the problems mentioned above.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: A crusher for dismantling waste lithium batteries includes a bottom support, a crushing shell fixedly installed on the top surface of the bottom support, a sealed feeding shell fixedly installed on the top surface of the crushing shell, a feeding port on the front side of the sealed feeding shell, two crushing rollers rotatably connected inside the crushing shell through a bearing, and one end of each crushing roller being connected to an external drive mechanism, two filter screens arranged below the crushing rollers inside the crushing shell, multiple protrusions symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner sidewall of the crushing shell, and springs fixedly installed on the top surface of each of the protrusions, with the end of the spring away from the protrusion fixed to the bottom surface of the filter screen, a rotating shaft arranged between the two filter screens inside the crushing shell, a motor fixedly installed on the rear side of the crushing shell, the drive end of the motor extending into the interior of the crushing shell and fixed to one end of the rotating shaft, multiple metal striking plates evenly arrayed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, and a recycling mechanism arranged on one side of the crushing shell.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the recycling mechanism includes an inclined guide plate, a discharge pipe, a rectangular shell, and a recycling box. Two inclined guide plates corresponding to the filter screen are fixedly installed on one side of the crushing shell. One end of the filter screen extends into the interior of the inclined guide plate. A discharge pipe is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the inclined guide plate away from the crushing shell. A rectangular shell is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom support. Two recycling boxes are disposed inside the rectangular shell. The end of the discharge pipe away from the inclined guide plate extends into the interior of the rectangular shell.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a filter purification box is fixedly installed on one side of the sealed feed housing, a connecting pipe is fixedly installed on the top of the filter purification box, the end of the connecting pipe away from the filter purification box is fixed to the top surface of the sealed feed housing, and a fan is fixedly installed on the side of the filter purification box away from the sealed feed housing.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of fixing plates are installed in an equally spaced array on the inner top surface of the sealed feed housing, and rubber sealing baffles are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of each of the fixing plates.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a coolant spray ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sealed feed housing, and a liquid delivery pipe is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the coolant spray ring, with one end of the liquid delivery pipe connected to an external coolant delivery pump.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a sediment discharge pipe is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the crushing shell, an electrically controlled valve is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sediment discharge pipe, and a waste liquid recovery pipe is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the crushing shell near the bottom end, and the waste liquid recovery pipe is connected to an external recovery tank.

[0013] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0014] 1. In this application, due to the adoption of the above-mentioned scheme, the device achieves efficient crushing of waste lithium batteries by cooperating with the crushing roller and the external drive mechanism, and filters the crushed material through two filter screens to achieve classified collection of materials of different diameters. The rotation of the rotating shaft and the metal striking plate drives the filter screen to vibrate, which can significantly improve the filtration effect. In addition, the conical structure at the bottom of the crushing shell guides smaller particles and liquids to concentrate, which is convenient for recycling and processing. This can effectively solve the problems of easy clogging of crushed materials and screening. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side section structure of this application;

[0017] Figure 3 For the purposes of this application Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft structure without installation according to this application.

[0019] The diagram shows the following markings: 1. Bottom support; 2. Crushing shell; 3. Sealed feed shell; 4. Feed inlet; 5. Crushing roller; 6. Filter screen; 7. Protrusion; 8. Spring; 9. Rotating shaft; 10. Motor; 11. Metal striking plate; 12. Recycling mechanism; 1201. Inclined guide plate; 1202. Discharge pipe; 1203. Rectangular shell; 1204. Recycling box; 13. Filter purification box; 14. Connecting pipe; 15. Fan; 16. Fixing plate; 17. Rubber sealing baffle; 18. Coolant spray ring pipe; 19. Liquid conveying pipe; 20. Sediment discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] refer to Figures 1-4 As shown, a crusher for dismantling waste lithium batteries includes a bottom support 1. A crushing shell 2 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bottom support 1. A sediment discharge pipe 20 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the crushing shell 2. An electrically controlled valve is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sediment discharge pipe 20. A waste liquid recovery pipe is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the crushing shell 2 near the bottom end, and the waste liquid recovery pipe is connected to an external recycling tank. The bottom support 1 provides stable support for the entire crusher, ensuring the stability of the equipment during operation. The sediment discharge pipe 20 and the electrically controlled valve facilitate the periodic discharge of sediment generated during the crushing process, preventing sediment accumulation from affecting the normal operation of the equipment. The waste liquid recovery pipe transports the generated waste liquid to the external recycling tank, achieving effective recycling and treatment of the waste liquid and reducing environmental pollution.

[0022] refer to Figures 1-4 As shown, a sealed feed housing 3 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the crushing housing 2. A feed inlet 4 is opened on the front side of the sealed feed housing 3. Multiple fixed plates 16 are evenly arranged on the top surface of the inner part of the sealed feed housing 3, and rubber sealing baffles 17 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of each of the multiple fixed plates 16. Two crushing rollers 5 are rotatably connected inside the crushing housing 2 through a set bearing, and one end of each of the two crushing rollers 5 is connected to an external drive mechanism. The sealed feed housing 3 and the feed inlet 4 facilitate the input of waste lithium batteries. The rubber sealing baffles 17 can effectively prevent the leakage of dust and harmful gases generated during the crushing process, and play a sealing and protective role. The two crushing rollers 5 can be used to initially crush the waste lithium batteries under the drive of the external drive mechanism to provide suitable material particle size for subsequent processing.

[0023] The external drive mechanism consists of a motor, pulleys, and a connecting belt. One pulley is installed at one end of one of the two crushing rollers 5, and another pulley is installed at the drive end of the motor. The first pulley and the second pulley are connected by a connecting belt, which facilitates the motor to drive one of the two crushing rollers 5 to rotate. The outer surfaces of the two crushing rollers 5 at one end are connected by gear meshing, which facilitates the rotation of the two crushing rollers 5. The drive mechanism is a common and frequently used structure in reality, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0024] refer to Figures 1-4As shown, a coolant spray ring pipe 18 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sealed feed housing 3, and a liquid delivery pipe 19 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the coolant spray ring pipe 18. One end of the liquid delivery pipe 19 is connected to an external coolant delivery pump. Through the coolant spray ring pipe 18, coolant can be sprayed into the crushing area under the action of the external coolant delivery pump to reduce the heat generated during the crushing process, avoid chemical reactions of the internal materials of the waste lithium battery due to high temperature, ensure the safety of the crushing process, and at the same time reduce the wear of the equipment caused by high temperature and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0025] refer to Figures 1-4 As shown, two filter screens 6 are arranged inside the crushing shell 2 below the crushing roller 5. Multiple protrusions 7 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the crushing shell 2, and springs 8 are fixedly installed on the top surface of each of the multiple protrusions 7. The end of the spring 8 away from the protrusion 7 is fixed to the bottom surface of the filter screen 6. The filter screens 6 can screen the crushed material, allowing the material that meets the particle size requirements to pass through. The arrangement of springs 8 and protrusions 7 gives the filter screens 6 a certain degree of elasticity, which can effectively prevent the material from clogging the filter screen and improve the screening efficiency. The two filter screens 6 have different aperture sizes.

[0026] refer to Figures 1-4 As shown, a rotating shaft 9 is located inside the crushing shell 2 between two filter screens 6. A motor 10 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the crushing shell 2. The drive end of the motor 10 extends into the interior of the crushing shell 2 and is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 9. Multiple metal striking plates 11 are evenly spaced on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 9. A recycling mechanism 12 is provided on one side of the crushing shell 2. The motor 10 can drive the rotating shaft 9 and the metal striking plates 11 to rotate, striking the filter screens 6 and causing the filter screens 6 to vibrate, further screening the crushed material. The recycling mechanism 12 can recycle the screened material for subsequent processing and utilization.

[0027] refer to Figures 1-4As shown, the recycling mechanism 12 includes an inclined guide plate 1201, a discharge pipe 1202, a rectangular shell 1203, and a recycling box 1204. Two inclined guide plates 1201 corresponding to the filter screen 6 are fixedly installed on one side of the crushing shell 2. One end of the filter screen 6 extends into the interior of the inclined guide plate 1201. The discharge pipe 1202 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the inclined guide plate 1201 away from the crushing shell 2. A rectangular shell 1203 is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom support 1. Two recycling boxes 1204 are arranged inside the rectangular shell 1203. The end of the discharge pipe 1202 away from the inclined guide plate 1201 extends into the interior of the rectangular shell 1203. Through the inclined guide plate 1201, the screened material can be guided smoothly into the discharge pipe 1202, and then the material is transported to the recycling box 1204 through the discharge pipe 1202, realizing the orderly recycling of materials, improving recycling efficiency, and reducing material waste.

[0028] refer to Figures 1-4 As shown, a filter purification box 13 is fixedly installed on one side of the sealed feed housing 3. A connecting pipe 14 is fixedly installed on the top of the filter purification box 13. The end of the connecting pipe 14 away from the filter purification box 13 is fixed to the top surface of the sealed feed housing 3. A fan 15 is fixedly installed on the side of the filter purification box 13 away from the sealed feed housing 3. The fan 15 facilitates the extraction of gas from the sealed feed housing 3 into the filter purification box 13 through the connecting pipe 14 for purification, removing dust and harmful gases, ensuring air quality in the working environment, and protecting the health of operators. The filter purification box 13 is equipped with activated carbon plates and filter plates, which can achieve filtration and purification of exhaust gas.

[0029] The implementation principle of the waste lithium battery dismantling crusher embodiment of this application is as follows: the waste lithium battery enters from the feed port 4 of the sealed feed housing 3. The rubber sealing baffle 17 effectively prevents dust and harmful gas leakage and ensures a safe working environment. At this time, the two crushing rollers 5 are driven by the external drive mechanism to perform preliminary crushing of the waste lithium battery. At the same time, the coolant spraying ring pipe 18 sprays coolant under the action of the external coolant delivery pump to reduce the temperature of the crushing area, avoid the danger caused by high temperature, and greatly improve safety.

[0030] After initial crushing, the material falls onto the filter screen 6. At this time, the motor 10 drives the rotating shaft 9 and the metal striking plate 11 to rotate, striking the filter screen 6. The filter screen 6 vibrates under the action of the spring 8, preventing material from clogging the filter and allowing material meeting the particle size requirements to pass smoothly. It then enters the recycling box 1204 via the inclined guide plate 1201 and the discharge pipe 1202, improving the convenience of subsequent material processing. This device, through the crushing roller 5 and the external drive mechanism, achieves efficient crushing of waste lithium batteries and filters the crushed material through the filter screen 6, achieving the classified collection of materials of different diameters. The rotation of shaft 9 and metal striking plate 11 drives the filter screen plate 6 to vibrate, which can significantly improve the filtration effect. The conical structure at the bottom of the crushing shell 2 guides smaller particles and liquids to concentrate, making it easier to recycle. This can effectively solve the problems of easy clogging of broken materials and lack of effective screening structure. Through the combined design of filter screen plate 6 and spring 8, the accumulation and clogging of broken materials are avoided, and the coolant and adsorbent are smoothly discharged and recycled. The vibrating screening method ensures efficient filtration of materials and realizes the classification and screening of broken materials of different sizes, which provides convenience for the subsequent fine processing and recycling of broken materials, and realizes efficient crushing, precise screening and convenient recycling of waste lithium batteries.

[0031] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A crusher for dismantling waste lithium batteries, with a bottom support (1), characterized in that: A crushing shell (2) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bottom support (1). A sealed feed shell (3) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the crushing shell (2). A feed inlet (4) is opened on the front side of the sealed feed shell (3). Two crushing rollers (5) are rotatably connected inside the crushing shell (2) through a bearing. One end of each crushing roller (5) is connected to an external drive mechanism. Two filter screens (6) are arranged inside the crushing shell (2) below the crushing rollers (5). Multiple protrusions (7) are symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner wall of the crushing shell (2). Springs (8) are fixedly installed on the top surface of each protrusion (7). The end of the spring (8) away from the protrusion (7) is fixed to the bottom surface of the filter screen (6). A rotating shaft (9) is provided inside the crushing shell (2) between the two filter screens (6). A motor (10) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the crushing shell (2). The driving end of the motor (10) extends into the interior of the crushing shell (2) and is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft (9). Multiple metal striking plates (11) are installed in an evenly spaced array on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (9). A recycling mechanism (12) is provided on one side of the crushing shell (2).

2. The crusher for dismantling waste lithium batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The recycling mechanism (12) includes an inclined guide plate (1201), a discharge pipe (1202), a rectangular shell (1203), and a recycling box (1204). Two inclined guide plates (1201) corresponding to the filter screen (6) are fixedly installed on one side of the crushing shell (2). One end of the filter screen (6) extends into the interior of the inclined guide plate (1201). The discharge pipe (1202) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the inclined guide plate (1201) away from the crushing shell (2). A rectangular shell (1203) is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom support (1). Two recycling boxes (1204) are provided inside the rectangular shell (1203). The end of the discharge pipe (1202) away from the inclined guide plate (1201) extends into the interior of the rectangular shell (1203).

3. The crusher for dismantling waste lithium batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A filter purification box (13) is fixedly installed on one side of the sealed feed housing (3). A connecting pipe (14) is fixedly installed on the top of the filter purification box (13). The end of the connecting pipe (14) away from the filter purification box (13) is fixed to the top surface of the sealed feed housing (3). A fan (15) is fixedly installed on the side of the filter purification box (13) away from the sealed feed housing (3).

4. The crusher for dismantling waste lithium batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner top surface of the sealed feed housing (3) is equipped with multiple fixed plates (16) arranged in an equally spaced array, and the bottom surface of each of the multiple fixed plates (16) is fixedly equipped with a rubber sealing baffle (17).

5. A crusher for dismantling waste lithium batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A coolant spray ring pipe (18) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sealed feed housing (3), and a liquid delivery pipe (19) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the coolant spray ring pipe (18). One end of the liquid delivery pipe (19) is connected to an external coolant delivery pump.

6. The crusher for dismantling waste lithium batteries as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A sediment discharge pipe (20) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the crushing shell (2), an electrically controlled valve is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sediment discharge pipe (20), and a waste liquid recovery pipe is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the crushing shell (2) near the bottom end, and the waste liquid recovery pipe is connected to the external recovery box.

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